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Janadesh Weekly,year 13, Issue.3, Dec. 16
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k'/fgf]sf] lj/f]wdf gof“sf] :yfkgf ub{5 . qmflGts} aLraf6 k'/fgf d"No /
;+:s[ltsf] lj/f]wdf gof“ d"No / ;+:s[ltsf] hGd x'G5 . of] lg/k]If lgif]w
geO{ Ps gof“ ;+Zn]if0f xf] . qmflGtsf aLraf6 o;/L g} gof“ rf8–kj{x?sf] lgdf{0f
x'G5 . ljZj–;j{xf/f ju{n] o:tf w]/} gof“ kj{x?sf] ;[li6 ub}{ cfPsf] 5, h;df
k]l/; sDo'g, dO{ lbj;, cS6'a/ lbj; cflb pNn]vgLo /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
Oltxf;df klg o:tf s]xL kj{x? 5g\ . clxn] dxfg\ hgo'4sf aLraf6 tLg dxfg\
kj{x?sf] hGd ePsf] 5 . tL kj{ x'g\– hgo'4 lbj;, zxLb ;+:d/0f ;df/f]x /
;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w lbj; . xfdLn] oL kj{x? ljz]if ;Ddfgsf ;fy dgfp“b} cfPsf 5f}+
/ o;/L g} eljiodf klg lg/Gt/ dgfp“b} hfg' kb{5 .
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kmfu'g ! ut] g]kfnL wtL{df dxfg\ hgo'4sf] P]ltxfl;s kxn ePsf] lbg xf] . of] g]kfnL ;j{xf/f / cfd hg;d'bfosf] d'lQmsf
nflu k|ltlqmofjfb / ;+zf]wgjfbsf lj?4 P]ltxfl;s ljb|f]xsf] lbj; xf] . @)%@
kmfu'g !$ ut]b]lv @! ut];Dd dxfg\ ;xLb ;+:d/0f ;df/f]x xf] . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] kxn
otf em08} ;ft xhf/ eGbf a9L hgof]4fx?sf] zxfbt ePsf] 5 . dxfg\ hgo'4sf]
tof/Lsf] k|lqmofdf @)%! ;fn efb| @ ut] sf+u|];L u'08fx?åf/f tfTsflns
g]=s=kf=-Pstfs]Gb|_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:o s= /fdj[If ofbjsf] wg'iffdf, @)%^
efb| @# ut] b'Zdgsf] ;z:q hTyfåf/f g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ sf kf]ln6Jo"/f]
;b:o s= ;'/]z jfUn] -s=jf;'_ sf] uf]vf{ lhNnfdf, @)%( ;fn c;f/ @ ut] b'Zdgsf]
;z:q 8km\kmfåf/f g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sf
-;flxlTos gfd rlDsnf] tf/f_sf] /f}tx6df xTof ul/Psf] lyof] . o;} u/L @)%( ;fn
c;f/d} b'Zdgåf/f sAhfdf lnO{ lx/f;td} clvn g]kfn hg;f“:s[lts ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo
cWoIf tyf g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ sf If]=;+=Jo"= sf ;b:o s= s[i0f ;]g æOR5'sÆ
sf] zfxL ;]gfsf hNnfbx?åf/f xTof ePsf] lyof] . oL cd/ zxLbx?df ;+3if{zLn hgtf,
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf qmflGtsf/L of]4fx?, kf6L{ sd/]8x? / ;f“:s[lts sdL{x? /x]sf 5g\ .
oL ;a} sd/]8x?sf] ;+:d/0f / ;Ddfgdf a]Unfa]Un} zxLb lbj; dgfpg] sfd x'“b}
cfPsf] 5 . k/Gt' oL ;a}nfO{ ;fd"lxs ;df/f]xsf] ?kdf kmfu'g !$ ut]b]lv @!
ut];Dd PsLs[t ?kdf dgfpg] kf6L{åf/f lg0f{o lnOPsf] 5 . kmfu'g !$ ut] hgo'4sf
k|yd zxLb lbnaxfb'/ /Dt]nsf] zxfbt ePsf] lbg xf] . @)@( kmfu'g @! ut] jL/]g
/fhj+zL;lxt emfkf ljb|f]xsf kf“r of]4fx?sf] emfkfaf6 Onfdsf] h]ndf ;?jf ug]{
lgx“'df ;'vfgLsf] h+undf xTof ul/Psf] lbg xf] . clxn] hgo'4 / ljutsf] emfkf
ljb|f]xsf] s8LnfO{ zxLb ;+:d/0f ;df/f]xn] hf]8\g] ub{5 / of] ;df/f]xdf
hgo'4;lxt ;a} zxLbx?sf] ;Ddfg ul/G5 . To:t} r}q % ut] ;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w lbj;
xf] . @)%% r}q % ut] sfe|] lhNnfsf] cg]sf]6df c=g]=h=;f“=;+=sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=
Rofª\jf nfdf;lxt ;fthgf hgsnfsf/x?sf] ;fd"lxs ?kdf xTof ul/Psf] lbg xf] .
of] lbg hgo'4df zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ ePsf ;f“:s[lts of]4f s= d:taxfb'/ lji6b]lv
lnP/ /f]Nkfsf] efjf+udf @)%^ efb| * ut] ;fd"lxs ?kdf xTof ul/Psf !! hgf
hgsnfsf/;lxt ;a} hg;f“:s[ltssdL{x?sf] ;Ddfgfy{ ;DkGg ul/g] ;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w
lbj; xf] . oL ;df/f]xx? hg;d'bfosf] ljb|f]xnfO{ sb/ ug]{, Tofu, jL/tf /
alnbfgsf ;jf]{Rr sLlt{dfgx?nfO{ :yflkt tyf ;Ddflgt ug]{ / tL uf}/j ufyfx?af6
k|]/0ff ln+b} qmflGtnfO{ lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVg] p2]Zodf cfwfl/t 5g\ . oL gof“
;f“:s[lts d"Noaf]wdf cfwfl/t g]kfnL qmflGt / hg;d'bfosf gof“ kj{x? x'g\ .
dfgj
hfltsf] Oltxf; ju{;+3if{ / ju{o'4sf eLif0f 6Ss/x?n] el/e/fp /lxcfPsf] 5 . oL
eLif0f 6Ss/x?df ljZj / g]kfnd} klg cglulGt jL/ jL/fËgfx?n] k|f0fsf] cfx'lt
lb+b} cfPsf 5g\ . qmflGtn] Tofu, jL/tf / alnbfgsf] dfu ub{5 . /utn] sf]6f r'Stf
gu/L qmflGt ;DkGg x'g ;St}g . hgo'4sf] of] cf7 jif{sf] cjlwdf olt ljzfn ;+Vofdf
h'g zxfbt eof] To;n] ju{b'Zdgsf] r/d kmf;LjfbL qm"/tf, qmflGtsf] tLa|tf /
hgtfsf] ;+sNk zlQmsf] pRrtfsf] Ps lgs} ;hLj lrq k|:t't ub{5 .
clxn]
dxfg\ hgo'4 /0fgLlts ;Gt'ng / k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/Lsf aLraf6 5nf+udo ultdf ljsl;t
x'“b} cf7 jif{ kf/ u/L gjf}+ jif{sf] k|j]zåf/df v8f x'g k'u]sf] 5 . of] cjlwdf
k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfsf] Wj+z / gof“ hgjfbL /fHo;Qfsf] lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof zfgbf/
9+un] cufl8 a9\b} uPsf] 5 . o;} k|lqmofdf g]kfnL wtL{df
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] ;d[4Ls/0f / ljsf;sf ?kdf k|r08kysf] hGd ePsf] 5 .
o;/L olt l56} oL dxfg\ pknlAwx? xfl;n ul/g'sf k5fl8 g]kfnL qmflGtsf oL dxfg\
cd/ zxLbx?åf/f lgjf{x ul/Psf] e"ldsfn] cfwf/:tDesf] sfd u/]sf] 5 .
hgtf
Oltxf;sf lgdf{tf x'g\ . Oltxf;sf] lgdf{0f ju{;+3if{ / ju{o'4sf eLif0f åGåx?sf
aLraf6 x'G5 . Oltxf;sf] ult cj?4 ug{ k|ltlqmofjfbL cfttfoL zf;sju{n] d'lQmsfdL
hgtfsf lj?4 qm"/ bdg / /fHocft+ssf cglulGt g/;+xf/sf/L cleofgx? rnfp“b}
cfPsf] 5 . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf klg oxL ePsf] 5 . hgtf, 5fkfdf/ of]4f,
hgjuL{o df]rf{ / kf6L{ sd/]8x?sf] Pp6f ljzfn lx:;fn] of] k|lqmofdf lu/km\tf/L,
bdg, sf/fuf/jf;, g]n, xTs8L, n"6kf6, cfuhgL, ckdfg, anfTsf/, ckx/0f,
a]kQf, cfdxTof, s7f]/ zf/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgf, c3f]lift d[To'b08;lxt cglulGt
eofjx cft+s tyf qf;bLx? em]Nb} / ltgsf] ;fdgf ub}{ cfpg' k/]sf] 5 . hgo'4sf]
k|lqmofdf g]kfnL qmflGtn] ;+;bLo kmf;LjfbL /fHocft+s, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
dflysf] slyt cft+sjfbsf] cf/f]k;lxt ;+s6sfnsf] 3f]if0ff, 1fg]Gb|sf] k|ltudg, !!
;]K6]Da/sf] lgx“'df cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbåf/f ;~rflnt slyt cft+sjfblj/f]wL
ljZjJofkL cleofg nufotsf 36gf k|lqmofsf aLraf6 k}bf ePsf cglulGt hl6ntfx?sf]
;fdgf ub}{ cufl8 a9\g' k/]sf] 5 . oL ;a} s'/faf6 /fhtGq dfq xf]Og ;+;bLo Joj:yf
klg kmf;LjfbLdf ktg eO{ k|ltufdL aGg uPsf] / /fhfnufot k|d'v ;+;bjfbL kf6L{x?
j}b]lzs k|ltlqmofjfb jf ;fd|fHojfbsf bnfndf kl/0ft ePsf] oyfy{ /fd|f];“u
k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 .
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x'G5 Toxf“ k|lt/f]w clgjfo{ 5 . of] lgodsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] ;zQm k'li6 hgo'4sf
aLraf6 g]kfndf klg eO;s]sf] 5 . g]kfnL kmf;LjfbL ;/sf/n] hlt–hlt bdgsf] dfqf
a9fp“b} uPsf] 5 ToltTolt g} k|lt/f]wsf] dfqf klg a9\b} uPsf] 5 . of] k|lt/f]w
hg:t/, kmf}hL / ;f“:s[lts tLg If]qdf ;zQm ?kdf ljsl;t x'“b} uPsf] 5 . b'Zdgsf]
bdg cleofg h'g tLa|tfsf ;fy cufl8 a9\b5 To;sf lj?4 qmflGtn] klg Tofu, jL/tf /
alnbfgnfO{ TolQs} / Tof] eGbf klg tLa| ?kdf a9fpg' kg]{ clgjfo{tfsf] dfu ub{5 .
qmflGt / alnbfg aLr cleGg åGåfTds PsTj 5 . of] l:yltdf ju{o'4sf] qf;bLo 6Ss/
klg cem} eLif0f tyf cem} a9L /Qmkftk"0f{ x'g] / qmflGtsf] kIfdf hg;fu/
pn{g] s'/f klg lglZrt g} 5 .
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;Qfwf/Lx? slyt sfg"g, Joj:yf, zflGt / cdgr}gsf] e|dhfn v8f u/L qmflGtnfO{
c/fhstfjfb / cft+sjfbsf] ;+1f lbg] ub{5g\ . kmf;LjfbLx? hgtfnfO{ oftgf lbg' /
cfdg/;+xf/ ug'{nfO{ cfkm\gf] hGdl;4 clwsf/ 7fGg] ub{5g\ . To:t} ;+zf]wgjfbLx?
hgtfsf] Tofu, jL/tf / alnbfgnfO{ zxLbsf] v]tL, b':;fx;jfb eg]/ ckdflgt ug]{ /
;/fk lbg] ub{5g\ . 7Ls oxL+g]/ xfd|f cufl8 s]xL o'uLg / ;+uLg k|Zgx? v8f x'g
k'Ub5g\ . tL k|Zg x'g\– qmflGtdf Tofu, jL/tf / alnbfgx?nfO{ s;/L a'em\g] <
of] s'g} clgjfo{ lgolt xf] jf oxf“ :jtGq rogsf nflu s'g} ts{;Ddt ljsNk 5 <
s] qmflGtdf alnbfg s'g} e"n jf b':;fx;sf] kl/0ffd xf] < cyjf ltgsf]
d"No lgwf{/0f ug]{ s'g} j}1flgs dfkb08 5 < cflb . oL o:tf k|Zg x'g\
h;sf] lrQa'em\bf] / j}1flgs hjfkm vf]Hg h?/L 5 .
;j{k|yd
Oltxf; lj1fgaf6} s'/fsf] yfngL u/f}+ . Oltxf; lj1fg eg]sf] P]ltxfl;s ef}ltsjfb
xf] . P]ltxfl;s ef}ltsjfbsf] d"n s8L ju{;+3if{sf] l;4fGt xf] . Oltxf;
eg]sf] Pp6f ju{n] csf]{ ju{nfO{ Wj:t kfb}{, vf“b} / krfp“b} cufl8 a9\g] k|lqmof
xf] . qmflGtn] ju{;+3if{sf aLraf6 Oltxf;nfO{ u'0ffTds wSsf lb+b} cufl8 a9fpg]
sfd ub{5 . hLj lj1fgsf] If]qdf h'g e"ldsf cl:tTjsf nflu ;+3if{ /
of]Uotdsf] ljhosf] l;4fGtsf] 5, ToxL e"ldsf Oltxf; lj1fgdf ju{;+3if{sf]
l;4fGtn] v]Nb5 . ju{;+3if{ eg]sf] ;f/df b'O{ leGg ju{ aLrsf] hLjg–d/0fsf] o'4
xf] . of] o'4df dg'{ jf hLjgsf] alnbfg lbg' eg]sf] s'g} lgolt, b'ef{Uo jf
b':;fx; geO{ clgjfo{ P]ltxfl;s cfjZostf xf] . dg'{ Ps clgjfo{ k|fs[lts kl/36gf
xf], t/ s'g s;/L db{5 Tof] cfsl:dstf xf] . dfG5]sf dg]{ lsl;d w]/} 5g\, s'g}
/f]u nfu]/, ?v jf eL/af6 v;]/, af3, efn' jf ;k{n] emD6]/, JolQmut b'ZdgL jf
e"nn] s;}n] xTof u/]/, af9L klx/f] jf k|fs[lts k|sf]kdf k/]/,
Gofok"0f{ jf cGofok"0f{ o'4 d}bfgdf 9n]/, ju{b'Zdgn] k|xf/ u/]/,
cg]sf}+ b'3{6gfdf k/]/ / :jefj}n] cflb . oL ;a} d[TodWo] pTkLl8t hg;d'bfo /
l;+uf] dfgjhfltsf] d'lQmsf nflu x'g] d[To' jf alnbfg ;jf]{s[i6 / d"Nojfg\
dflgG5 . o:tf] alnbfg P]ltxfl;s cfjZostf;“u uf“l;Psf] x'G5 . oxf“ cfjZostf /
:jtGqtfaLr åGåfTds ;DaGw x'G5 . Tofu, jL/tf, alnbfgnfO{ x]g]{ P]ltxfl;s
ef}ltsjfbL ljZjb[li6sf]0f oxL xf] / of] ts{;+ut klg 5 .
Tofu,
jL/tf / alnbfgsf] d"No lgwf{/0fsf] c;nL dfkb08 ;j{xf/f ju{ / cfd
hg;d'bfosf ju{;+3if{ / ju{o'4sf lxt, p2]Zo, cfbz{ / cfr/0fdf cfwfl/t /x]sf]
x'G5 . dxfg\ hgo'4 ju{b'Zdgsf kfzljstf, gLrtf, t'R5tf / sfo/tfsf lj?4 hgtfsf]
OlR5t eljio, d+undo hLjg ljwfg / pbfQ cfbz{ k|flKtsf] dxfg\ p2]Zodf cfwfl/t 5 .
hgtfsf Tofu, jL/tf / alnbfgsf oL pbfQ ultljlwx? g]kfnsf] gof“ Oltxf; lgdf{0f
ug]{ dxfg\ P]ltxfl;s ldzg;“u cfa4 /x]sf 5g\ / To;}n] tL ;jf]{Ts[i6 5g\ . s'g}
klg :jfledfgL qmflGtsf/L Pp6f dxfg\ cfbz{ lnP/ af“r]sf] x'G5 / To; k|sf/sf]
cfbz{sf nflu pm cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] cfx'lt lbg klg tof/ x'G5 . dxfg\ hgo'4n] s]
k|dfl0ft ul/lbPsf] 5 eg] dxfg\ cfbz{ / pRrt/ hLjgsf] k|flKtsf nflu ;r]t ?kdf
hLjgsf] alnbfg ug{ nfvf}+ jL/ jL/fËgfx? Nffda4 ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] g]kfn
sfo/x?sf] xf]Og jL/ of]4fx?sf] b]z xf] eGg] s'/f /fd|f];“u b]vfOlbPsf 5g\ .
Tofu,
jL/tf / alnbfgsf] ;f}Gbo{zf:qLo dxTj klg 5 . o; ;Gbe{sf qf;bL / sfdbLaf/] s]xL
pNn]v ug{ h?/L 5 . oBlk qf;bL b'vfGt / sfdbL ;'vfGt gf6s dflgg] ub{5g\ . t/,
oltdfq geO{ logn] dfgj hLjgsf] Oltxf;sf
b'Mvb / ;'vb d"Nox?sf] ;+jxg, k|ltlaDag / k|ltlglwTj klg ub{5g\ . qmflGtdf
;+nUg of]4fx?sf] OlR5t eljio / cfbz{ ;'vfGt xf], t/ ju{;+3if{do ;dfhdf Tof]
eljio / cfbz{sf] k|flKtsf] af6f] b'Mvb / qf;bLdo /x]sf] 5 . dfcf]n] eGg' ePsf]
lyof]– æeljio pHjn 5, t/ af6f] eg] oftgfdo .Æ of] egfOn] ;'vb / b'MvbnfO{
a'em\g /fd|f] d2t k'/\ofp“5 . ljZj ;flxTosf] Oltxf;df qf;bLsf gfosx?sf]
d"No / dxTj pRr dflg+b}+ cfPsf] 5 . eLif0f ju{o'4n] el/Psf] ;dfhdf
zf]if0f, pTkL8g / bdgsf cfwf/df ;'vL lhGbuL af“Rg vf]Hg]x? / sfdbL jf ;'vfGt
gf6ssf gfosx? Jo+Uo, k|x;g, sfo/tf / vngfossf ?kdf t'R5 / gLr dflgg] ub{5g\ .
dfS;{jfbL ;f}Gbo{zf:qn] ju{;+3if{sf qf;bLo 6Ss/x?df cfwfl/t b'MvfGt gf6snfO{
pRr dfGg] ub{5 . hgo'4sf] of] l;+uf] cjlwdf xfdLn] jf:tljs hLjgsf cg]sf}+ qf;bL
/ sfdbLx? ef]Ub} cfPsf 5f}+ . hgtfnfO{ oftgf lbg], xTof ug]{ / qmflGtsf] unf
/]6\g] s'?k vngfosx? / :jtGqtf tyf
d'lQmsf] gof“ ;+;f/ lgdf{0fsf vflt/ k|f0fsf] cfx'lt lb+b} cl3 a9]sf ;'Gb/
o'ugfosx?aLr rNg] qf;bLo 6Ss/sf b'Mvb / ;'vb cg'e"ltx? xfdLn] ;+ufNb}
cfPsf 5f}+ . ;]tf] cft+s / /ftf] cft+ssf] åGåaf6 ;+Zn]lift qmflGtsf/L
jL/–jL/fËgfx?sf oz:jL alnbfgL ufyfx?nfO{ cg'e"t ubf{ s= k|r08sf zAbdf xfdL
xf“:bfxf“:b} ?g] / ?“bf?“b} xf“:g] u/]sf 5f}+ . cfjZostfsf] /fHoaf6 :jtGqtfsf]
/fHodf 5nfË xFGg] dxfg\ P]ltxfl;s k|lqmofdf qmflGtn] o:t} k|;j kL8f ef]Ub5 .
of] cft+s / cfgGbsf] åGåfTds ;f}Gbof{g'e"lt xf] .
qmflGt
eg]sf] vt/f;“u v]Ng' xf] . qmflGtsf] af6f] lgs} aqm / r'gf}ltk"0f{ x'G5 .
dxfg\ pknlAwsf nflu s]xL Ifltx? klg clgjfo{ ?kdf Aoxf]g}{ kg]{ x'G5 . qmflGtsf]
lj1fg alnbfgsf /lQmd cIf/x?n] n]lvg] ub{5 . hgo'4 lbj;, zxLb ;+:d/0f ;df/f]x /
;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w lbj; Tofu, jL/tf / alnbfgsf] /ftf] d;Ln] n]lvPsf g]kfnL
hgtfsf gof“ ltxf/ x'g\ . oxf“ w]/} /ut, cf“z' / kl;gf kf]lvPsf 5g\ . oxf“
a]ujfg\ ;+j]bgf, efjgf / ljrf/sf] ;+ud 5 . oL dxfg\ kj{x? gof“ ;f“:s[lts
d"Noaf]wsf pHHjn laDa / k|tLs aGg uPsf 5g\ . ;+j]bgfz"Go gk'+;s / sfo/x?n]
hlt;'s} lgif]w u?g\ g]kfnL hgdfg; / qmflGtsf] P]ltxfl;s Sofn]08/df oL dxfg\
kj{x? ;b}j cToGt d"Nojfg\ ag]/ c+lst e}/xg] 5g\ .
cd/
zxLbx? / qmflGtsf dxfg\ P]ltxfl;s kj{x? hgd'lQm / ;fDojfbsf] pbfQ cfbz{sf vflt/
;+3if{/t ;a} cfd"n kl/jt{gsfdL zlQmx?sf ;femf ;DklQ / ;f“:s[lts lglw x'g\
. logsf] ;+/If0f, ;+:d/0f / ;Ddfg ug'{ ;a} qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] ljz]if bfloTj xf] .
ldltM @* sflt{s @)^)
slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08åf/f cfk/flws
ultljlw z'?
l8lehg sdf08/åf/f cfd ;z:q
ljb|f]xsf] g]t[Tj ug{ cfx\jfg
hut nfdf
nfxfg .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] zAbdf /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngaf6 k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/Lsf] qmddf
b]ze/sf] ljs]lGb|t sfjf{xLn] zfxL cd]l/sL ;Qf cQflng k'u]sf] 5 . ljZje/
c;kmn / abgfd of]hgfsf] kmf]6f]skL:j?k slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08sf] 3f]if0ff u/L
k"j{df @* j6f o'lgkmfO8 sdf08 ;~rfngdf NofPsf] atfO/x]sf] 5 . k'/fgf]
;Qfsf] ptm 3f]if0ffnfO{ j}b]lzs x:tIf]k lgDTofpg] clGtd cEof;sf] ?kdf lj1x?n]
ljZn]if0f ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .
xfn}
zfxL ;]gfsf] k"jL{ k[tgf x]8Sjf6/ O6x/Lsf pk/yL k|bLkk|tfk jd dNnn] /
k"j{ If]qLo gfoj k|x/L dxflg/LIfs s[i0f a:g]tn] 5'§f 5'§} kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L
k"jL{ g]kfnsf] t/fO{ arfpg / r'gfj u/fpg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ tTsfn k"j{df @* j6f o'lgkmfO8 sdf08
;~rfngdf NofPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . zfxL cft+ssf/L ;Qfsf l;kfxLåf/f ptm s'/fsf]
3f]if0ff ePkl5 k"jL{ g]kfnsf hgtf cfqmf]lzt ePsf 5g\ . /, o;/L
k|rfl/t slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] z'?jft s} lbgx?df hglj/f]wL
/ ck/flws dfgl;stfaf6 k|]l/t ePsf ultljlwx? ;fj{hlgs x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .
l;/xfdf
slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08åf/f df]6/;fOsn /
;fOsndf PshgfeGbf a9LnfO{ ofqf ug{
dgfxL ul/Psf] 5 . of] lgoddf cfkm\gf] gfdsf] nfO;]G; x'g]nfO{ dfq
df]6/;fOsn rnfpg kfOg] pbL{ ;d]t hf/L ePsf] 5 . zfxL cft+ssf/Lsf] ptm
sfo{af6 l;/xfsf hgtf cfqmf]l;t ePsf
5g\ . o;f] t ;fOsnsf] ;d]t gDal/ª u/fpg] pbL{ hf/L u/]sf] hgtf atfp“5g\ . o:tf] zfxL cft+ssf] lj?4
dfcf]jfbLsf] ;fydf nfu]/ n8\g] lbg cfPsf] hgtfsf] egfO{ 5 . o;} hglj/f]wL
pbL{nfO{ tf]8\b} lx8]sf g]lj;+3sf lhNnf cWoIf /fd g/]z ofbj;lxt ^ hgfnfO{
;]gfn] Aof/]sdf lnP/ s'6lk6 u/]sf
5g\ .
zfxL
cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08df rNg] :yfgLo ;'/Iff b:tf, 3'DtL ;/sf/,
k|ltsf/ ;ldlt h] gfddf ;~rflnt ePklg s;/L hglj/f]wL sfdsf] yfngL e}/x]sf] 5
< eGg] s'/fsf] /x:o xfn} zfxL
cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] Aof/]saf6 ljb|f]x ug]{ tof/Ldf h'6]sf b]zetm ;}lgssf] xfn}
;fj{hlgs ePsf] lr7\7Ln] vf]n]sf] 5 . ptm lr7\7Lsf cg';f/, ;b/d'sfd cfpg]
hf] sf]xLnfO{ klg r]s ug]{ gfddf sAhfdf lnOG5 . pgLx?nfO{ ;'/fsL aGg]
sa'ndf -zfxL ;]gfsf] efiffdf b]z / g/]z arfpg_ sfuh u/fOG5 . To;/L sfuh
ug{ gdfGg]x?nfO{ s'6lk6 dfq xf]Og a]kQf kfg]{;Ddsf] sfd ul/Psf] 5 .
ufp“af6 knfog ePsfx? / dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngaf6 knfog ePsf euf}8fx?sf] cu'jfOdf
;b/d'sfd cfpg]x?af6 ;"rgf lnOG5 . To;kl5 hg bdgsf nflu 5fkfdf/ tl/sf
ckgfP/ ufp“3/sf h8\ofxf, nkm+uf / ;dfhsf ck/fwLx?nfO ;+ul7t ug{ yfn]sf
5g\ . lsgls gof“ ;Qfn] ufp“sf h8\ofxf / nkm+ufx?nfO{ jf:tf ub}{g eGg]
ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . o;/L ;+ul7t ePsfx?nfO{ z'?df ?= %))÷– lbP/ xltof/ ;d]t
lbg] k|nf]eg b]vfOG5 . /, ;}lgsx?n] ;s] 3f]lift ?kdf g;s] c3f]lift
?kdf dfcf]jfbL k|ltsf/ ;ldlt agfP/
l/kf]{l6¨ ug{ nufOG5 .
o;/L
k'/fgf] ;Qfn] km}nfpg vf]h]sf] hfnf]nfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] kxf8L lhNnf
;b/d'sfdx?nfO{ gfsfaGbL nufOlbPsf sf/0f gfsfd ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] o;}
sfo{af6 cQflnP/ t/fO{ arfpm cleofgdf nfu]sf] k"/fgf] ;Qfn] t/fOdf
;fDk|bflos b+uf / gSsnL dfcf]jfbL cft+s
dRrfpg yfn]sf] 5 . t/ k"jL{ g]kfnsf hgtf ;r]t / rnfv ePsfn]
dgf]j}1flgs d'2fdf ls|ofzLn k'/fgf] ;Qfsf x/]s sfd sf/afxLx?n] xfjf vfO/x]sf]
atfOG5 .
k"jL{
t/fO{sf] u|fdL0f e]ujf6 k'/fgf] ;Qf a9fl/Pkl5 slyt t/fO{ arfpm cleofgsf] gfddf
nfxfg, O6x/L, bds, rGb|u9L, lj/f6gu/,
hgsk'/, jL/u~h, x]6f}8f, lrtjg nufotsf zx/ ahf/sf 7"N7"nf 3/
sAhfdf lnPsf 5g\ . 3/sf] 5tdf kf]i6 /fvL a;]sf sf/0f 3/ dflns / cf;kf;sf
hgtf lgs} cft+lst 5g\ . o:t} a'n]6k'|km 6\ofÍ/nfO{ /f]8 ;fO8df 3'dfP/
ahfl/bf hgtfnfO{ lgs} cft+lst agfPsf] s'/f /f]8 ;fO8sf hgtf atfp“5g\ .
cgfjZos r]s ug]{ gfddf dlxnfnfO{ ceb| Jojxf/ ug]{ u/]sf] / nf]Ug] dfG5], s]6fs]6L, a'9fa'9LnfO{ ;d]t
cZnLn zAbn] ;+af]wg u/L s'6lk6 ul/G5 .
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ultljlwåf/f ;kmntf k|fKt ePsf] 7fGg]
zfxL cd]l/sg ;]gfsf] ;Gt'li6nfO{ hgd'ltm ;]gf g]kfnsf lju|]8 sdf08/ s= /fh]zn]
eGg'eof]–æzfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] hf] ;kmntf / uj{ u/]sf5g\ Tof] t xfdL /0fg}lts ?kdf k|Tofqmd0fdf hfg]
v'l6\snf] tof/ kf/]sf xf} .Æ pxf“n] o'4lj/fd e+u ePkl5 w]/}n] cg'dfg
u/]em}+ 7"n–7"nf kmf}hL sfjf{xL gug'{sf] /x:o vf]Ng'eof] . /
pxf“n] cufl8 eGg'eof]– æbL3{sfnLg hgo'4 / cfd ljb|f]xsf] /0fgLltcg';f/ xfdLn]
/ftsf] df]rf{df dfq xf]Og lbp“;f]sf] df]rf{df ;d]t lhTg ;kmn ePsf5f} . To;}n] slyt o'lgkmfO8
sdf08åf/f rnfpg vf]lhPsf] cft+ssf/L zf;g hgd'ltm ;]gfn] l6Sg lbg]5}g .Æ
otf k|a'4 gful/s ;dfhsf s]xL
a'l4hLjLx?n] z}lIfs :t/ /
r]tgf:t/ sd ePsf] d'n'sdf bdgn] zf;g ug{ vf]Hg] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] /0fgLlt cGttM
p;}sf] unkf“;f] x'g;Sg] l6Kk0fL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . dfgj clwsf/ tyf zflGt
;dfhsf ;efklt s[i0f kxf8Ln] eGg'eof]–æ:yfgLo ;'/Iff b:tfnfO{ xltof/ lbP/
ljb|f]x ;fDo kfg]{ s'/f] ;/f;/ g/;+xf/
dRrfpg] v]n xf] . ljutdf tflnd k|fKt ;]gf, k|x/Ln] g;s]sf] sfd :yfgLo ;'/Iff b:tfn] ;S5 eGg'
;/sf/L d"v{tfjfx]s c? s]xL x'g} ;Sb}g .Æ pxf“sf] yk egfO 5–æof] aGb's
cGttM h;n] pknAw u/fPsf] xf] p;}sf] 6fpsf]df
t]l;{g a]/ nfUg]5}g .Æ
:d/0f/xf];\–
;g\ !(*) sf] bzsdf Ujf6]dfnfdf
gful/s ;'/Iff u:tLn]
dfgjclwsf/sf] xb};Ddsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] lyof] . o:t} l5d]sL d'n's ef/tsf]
laxf/ /fHodf gS;njf8L ljb|f]x lj?4 /0fjL/ ;]gf agfOPsf] lyof] . sfnfGt/df
Tof] Pp6f cfk/flws ;d"xdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . To:t} / To;/L g} g]kfndf slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08åf/f ;~rfngdf Nofpg yflnPsf ultljlwx? g]kfnL
;+:s/0fsf ?kdf a'em\g yflnPsf] 5 .
hgd'ltm ;]gf g]kfnsf k"jL{ l8lehg sdf08/ s= cgGtn] k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f 5]8\g
yflnPsf] HofbtLsf] e08fkmf]/ ub}{ k"j{sf]
cfd ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] sdf08 ug]{ lhDdf cfkm"x?nfO{ cfPsf] atfpg'
ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] k|ToIf /fhg}lts / kmf}hL of]hgf
-cfly{s, ;}lgs, tflnd / k|ljlw_df ;xof]u ePsfn] u[xo'4 /fli6«o d'lQmo'4df ablng
yfn]sf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . /, g]skf-
dfcfjfbL_sf kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o ;d]t
/xg' ePsf sdf08/ sd/]8 cgGtn] eGg'ePsf] 5– æk"j{df cfd hgtf ;z:q ljb|f]xdf
pqg nfu]sf5g\, cfd hgtfsf] cGt/ dg a'emL cfd ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] ;+ul7t g]t[Tj ug{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_, hgd'ltm
;]gf g]kfn, k|To]s lhNnfsf lhNnf hg;/sf/ / ;a} hgjuL{o ;+3, ;+u7gx?nfO{ xflb{s
cfx\jfg ub{5' .Æ
ca lg0ff{os cf“wLa]x/Lsf] ljsNk
5}g
ljZj
dfS;{jfbsf]
pbo gxf]p~h]n;Dd Oltxf;sf lgdf{tf dxfk'?ifx? x'g\ eGg] d"n dfGotf :yflkt
lyof] . tL dxfk'?ifx?sf lj?4 y'k}| cfqmf]; / 3[0ffsf] cleJolQmsf] ?kdf
ljb|f]xx? t eP t/ tL ljb|f]xx?sf] 7f]; ljrf/, p2]Zo / nIo lyPg . ;Qfdf
/xg]x?sf lj?4 ljb|f]x x'GYof] t/ 7f]; ;Qf k|fKt ug{ xf]Og . a?
;Qfwf/Lx?nfO{ t O{Zj/n] ;Qf pkef]u ug{ k7fPsf x'g eGg] d"n dfGotf :yflkt
lyof] . !* cf}+ ztfAbLdf ha dfS;{jfbsf] pbo / To;n] u/]sf] Oltxf;sf]
åGåfTds ef}ltsjfbL ;+Zn]if0fn] ljZj Oltxf;df gePsf] k|no NofOlbof] .
Oltxf;sf lgdf{tf / To;sf] k|]/s zlQm hgtf x'g\ eGg] dfS;{jfbsf] 7f]; ljZn]if0f
/ ;+Zn]if0fn] ljZj Oltxf;d} gePsf] pyn k'yn >[hgf u/fOlbof] / hah{:t bafP/
/fv]sf] j}1flgs ;RrfOnfO{ phfu/ u/fOlbof] . of] 36gfn] k'/fgf] o'usf]
Oltxf;nfO{ pN6fOlbof] / dfgj o'u tyf dfgjOltxf;sf] gof“ ;Eotfsf] hGd
u/fOlbof] . dfS;{jfbn] zf]if0fdf l6s]sf] k"“hLjfbL /fHo;Qf g} dfgj
hfltsf] cleiffk ePsf] ;+in]if0f ub}{ k"“hLjfbL /fHo;QfnfO{ Wj:t u/]/ ha;Dd
;j{xf/fju{n] /fHo;Qf cfºgf] xftdf ln+b}g ta;Dd dfgj ;dfhn] Tof] cleiffkaf6
sbfkL d'lQm kfpg] 5}g eg]/ u/]sf] pRr ;+Zn]if0fn] ;Qfsf] juL{otf / ;QfeGbf
jfx]s c? ;j} e|d xf] eGg] dfGotf b'lgof ;fd" 5n{ª agfof] . hj Tof]
dfS;{jfbL j}1flgs ljrf/ dfgj ;dfhdf k|j]z u¥of], To;n] nfvf}+ nfv hgtfnfO{
ck/fh]o xltof/n] n}; ePsf] zlQmsf] ?kdf hGd lbg k'Uof] . To;n] p2]Zo /
nIolaxLg ;j{xf/fju{sf] ju{ ;+3if{nfO{ lg0ff{os d'7e]8df cfd'Gg]–;fd'Gg]
NofOlbof] . Oltxf;sf] ultnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg vf]Hg] ljzfn hgtfsf] rfns zlQm /
Oltxf;sf] ultnfO{ k5fl8 ws]Ng vf]Hg] b':;fx;jfbL ;Lldt zlQmaLrsf] lg0ff{os
d'7e]8af6 g} k]l/; sDo'gh:tf] ;j{xf/fju{sf] klxnf] /fHo;Qfsf] pbo eof] /
dfS;{jfbL ;+Zn]if0fn] Jojxf/sf] s;Ljf6 ;fsf/ ?k lnof] . !( cf}+ ztfAbLdf
ljZjsf] Ps ltxfO{ e"–efudf ;dfhjfbL ;Qfsf] xfnLd'xfnL rNof] . ljZj
sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf s]Gb| ?; / rLgsf ;dfhjfbL ;Qfx? /xg dfq} uPgg\
;fd|fHojfbsf] k|ltw|'j eP/ v8f x“'b} ltgnfO{ w'nf] r6fP . ju{ ;+3if{ /
dfgj ;dfhsf] ljsf;;“u} dfS;{jfb k"0f{tf / ;Dj[4 x'“b} hfg]qmddf n]lggjfb /
dfcf]jfbsf] ljsf; eof] . k]l/;, ?;, rLg, eLotgfdsf ;dfhjfbL / hgjfbL
cfGbf]ngx?sf] ljho cfkm}df 7"N7"nf k[YjL xNng] k|nosf/L cfGbf]ngx?
lyP . ltg} ;j{xf/fju{sf] x]8Sjf6{/nfO{ Wj:t kfg{ ;fd|fHojfbLx?n] xfn]sf]
3]/f, if8\oGq, ;+zf]wgjfbLx?sf] u2f/L / wf]sf tyf qmflGtsf/Lx?s} tkm{jf6 sfdsf
bf}/fgdf ePsf sdhf]/Lsf sf/0f jt{dfg ;Gb{edf sDo'lgi6x? ;QfljxLgsf] cj:yfdf
/x]sf 5g\ . c;fWo} k|lts"n kl/l:yltdf qmflGtx? ljhodf klg k'Ug] /
cg's"n kl/l:yltdf cfkm} ;QfljxLg klg x'g] qmflGtsf] hl6ntfsf] aLraf6 g]kfnL
qmflGtn] cfkm"nfO{ dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] ljrf/n] ;Dj[å kfb}{ ljsf;
e}/x]sf] 5 . @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] ljsf;;“u}
;+lqm0f{tfjfb tyf blIf0fkGyL ljrf/ lj?4sf] n8fO{ / ;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 n8\g]
/fhg}lts / kmf}hL /0fgLlt Pjd\ sfo{gLltsf] ;+hfnnfO{ cfhsf] 7f]; kl/l:yltsf]
p“rfOdf ljZn]if0f / ;+Zn]if0f ug]{ ljZj qmflGtsf] ?k/]vfleq Pp6f d'n'ssf]
qmflGtsf] ljho b]Vg] ljrf/ / ljlwaf6 dfq} of] sfo{ef/ ;DkGg ug{ ;+ej 5 .
cfh Tof] sfo{ef/ dfn]dfjfb ljz]iftM ljZjs} ;j}eGbf clu|d df]rf{df k|Tofqmd0fsf]
tof/Ldf h'6]sf] dxfg\ Pjd\ uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] sf“wdf cfPsf]
5 .
h'g;'s}
rLhsf] ljsf;df b'O{j6f wf/f k|jfx eP h:t} g]kfnsf] ju{;+3if{sf] Oltxf; To;jf6
c5'tf] /xg] s'/} ePg . jfO;]–rf}la;] /fHox?sf] PsLs/0fkl5 hft–hflt, wd{,
;+:s[tLn] h'g vfnsf] :jtGqtf kfpg' kb{Yof], k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] To;f] gu/]/
/fli6«o Pstfsf] gfddf if8\oGqd"ns tl/sfn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] :jtGqtfdfly wfjf
af]Ng] qmd z'? eof] . To;}nfO{ 1fg] zfxL;Ddn] klg æPstfsf] k|ltsÆsf] gfddf
k|hftflGqs clwsf/ / :jtGqtfnfO{ nf]Kkf v'jfp“b} ;}lgs zf;g a]nufd nflb/x]sf]
5 . dg':d[ltsf cfwf/df c9fO{ ;o jif{b]lv g]kfndf a|fDx0fjfbL ;Qfsf]
/fObfO{ rln/x]sf] 5 . To;}nfO{ /fli6«otf, k|hftGq / :jtGqtfsf] hnk nufp“b}
sf]tkj{, e08f/vfn kj{, gf/fo0flx6L xTofsf08 Pjd\ d'lQm / :jtGqtfsf] cfjfh
p7fO/x]sf xhf/f}+sf] xTof, lx+;f ul//x]sf] 5 . eLd;]g yfkf, cd/l;+x yfkf,
bz/y rGb, u+ufnfn, wd{eSt h:tf dxfg\ ;k'tx?sf] xTof ub}{ zfx a+zLo ;Qf a]nufd
cfPsf] 5 . kl/0ffd t zfxa+zLo ;fdGtL tfgfzfxLsf lj?4 g]kfnL hgtfn] ljb|f]x
ub}{ ;d]t cfPsf 5g\ . g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df @))$ ;fndf u7g ePsf] sDo'lgi6
kf6L{{ Pp6f k|no lyof] . z'?df To;df slthgf lyP eGg' eGbf klg To;n] cfºgf]
ljzfn ax';+Vos ju{sf] l;4fGt, ljrf/, /0fgLlt / sfo{gLlt;lxt j}rfl/s wfjf af]Ng'
cfkm}df sf];]9'+uf xf] . @))& ;fnsf] /f0fflj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf ev{/}
hGd]sf] slnnf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] lg0ff{os e"ldsf v]Ng g;s] klg
dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf]
hGdb]lv xfn;Dd cfp“bf g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df sDo'lgi6 qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] hj{b:t k|efj,
cleGg / lg0ff{os e"ldsf /x“b} cfPsf] 5 . jf/f, k;f{, /f}tx6 nufotsf
ls;fg cfGbf]ngx?, @)@* sf] emfkf cfGbf]ng, @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng nufotsf
/fli6«o cGt{/fli6«o k|efj 5f8\g] / c;fWo} dxTj /fVg] cfGbf]ngx?df sDo'lgi6
kf6L{sf] lg0ff{os e"ldsf /xb} cfPsf] 5 . To;}sf] hudf ;+;f/ xNnfpg]
dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ljsf; lg0ff{os ljholt/ tLj| pGd'v eO/x]sf] 5 . @)!@ ;fndf
dgdf]xg, @)!% ;fndf s]z/h+u, @)@* ;fndf ;+zf]wgjfbLx?sf] bjbaf, emfkf
cfGbf]nglj/f]wL u'6 pku'6x?, @)#* ;fndf tTsfnLg dfn]sf] ;+zf]wgjfbdf ktg, @)$^
;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngdf b/af/;“u ;f“7uf“7, @)$* ;fndf 3f]/ blIf0fk+yL ;+zf]wgjfbL
Pdfn] k"/} gfª\uf] ?kdf k|ltlqmofjfbdf ktg / cj;/jfbLx?sf] bf]nodfgsf]
8/nfUbf] gsf/fTds k[i7e"ldsf] aLraf6 @)%@ ;fndf hgo'4sf] ljsf; x'g'
cfkm}df Pp6f h6Ln / s7Lg k|no xf] . eLd;]g yfkf, bz/y rGb, u+ufnfn, Clif
b]jsf]6f, lj/]g /fhj+zL s[i0f s'Os]n;lxt emfkf cfGbf]ngsf ;lxbx?, @)$^ ;fnsf]
hgcfGbf]ngkZrft\sf /fdj[If ofbj, clgz zfSo, ;+emgf bfxfnnufot ;of}+ ;lxbx? /
hgo'4 z'? ePkl5sf bLnaxfb'/ /Dt]n, s= jf;', s=/Ltjxfb'/ v8sf;lxt ljleGg
df]rf{x? / 3]/f tf]8\g] qmddf kf6L{, ;]gf, df]rf{ / hgtfsf] txaf6 * xhf/eGbf
a9L ;lxbsf] /utn] ntkltPsf] k[i7e"lddf dxfg\ hgo'4 ljholt/ pGd'v eO/x]sf]
5 . nfvf}nfv g]kfnL hgtf / cd]l/sL x:tIf]ksf lj?4 c/af} hg;d'bfosf]
3]/faGbL, g]kfnL hgtf / hgo'4k|ltsf] ljZjJofkL hg;d{yg, cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf]
em/f]{ aj'/f] 3/]n' ;fdGtL kmf;LjfbLx?sf] z'? ePsf] lj36gn] cf“wL / t'kmfg
cfpg' k"j{ j]nfsf] ;+s]t /fd|};“u u/fPsf] 5 . of] dxfg\ hgo'4sf]
cf7jif{sf] Oltxf;sf] ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds hl6ntfx? kf/ ub}{ dxfg\ jL/ ;lxbx?sf]
/utsf] pRr ;+in]if0f g} gof“ g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] ;f/ xf] . h;df b'Oj6f
zflGtjftf{, xhf/f} ;fgf 7"nf
df]rf{x? / /fhg}lts x:tIf]ksf] ;xL /fhg}lts sfo{lbzfsf] ;dli6 of]u klg
xf] . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s Pj+ kmf}hL kf6f] ljZj sDo'lgi6
cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf; tyf g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;;“u cleGg?kn] ufl;Psf]
dfq 5}+g k|r08kyn] cem To;nfO{ cfhsf] ;Gbe{ / ;fk]Iftfdf yk ljin]if0f /
;+in]if0f, kl/dflh{t / ;d[4 kf/]sf] 5 . To;}n] dfcf]jfbL hgo'4nfO{ slyt
cft+sjfbsf] ljNnf le/fpg], /]8sg{/ gf]l6; x6fpg] / ydfpg] h:tf s'–sd{ / b}lgs
bh{gsf] lx;fjn] eO/x]sf] g/;+xf/af6 ;fd|fHojfbL ;fdGtL kmf;LjfbLx? cfkm}
b'lgof“sf] ;fd' cft+ssf/L ;flat ePsf 5g\ . cfd dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ljsf;;“u}
g]kfnsf] gof“ Oltxf;n] ljZjsf c/af} hgtfnfO{ på]ng / k|]/0ff k}bf u/fp“b} 5fndo
ultdf ljsf; eO/x]sf] tYo l5kfP/ l5Kg] l:yltdf 5}g .
of] P]ltxfl;s ljsf;sf] sfnv08df cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfbsf] h'7f]–k'/f] / e/0f–kf]if0fsf] e/df dfq} l6ls/x]sf] c3f]/L bnfn
kmfl;i6 ;fdGtL /fhtGq /fhg}lts Pjd\ kmf}hL k|xf/n] d[To'sf] kn ulg/x]sf]
5 . ;+;bjfbL / ;+zf]wgjfbLx?sf] ;d]t ;f+u7lgs lj36g / /fhg}lts?kdf k"0f{
ktg ePsf] 5 . hLjg wfGg] Psdfq} ;xf/f ;]gf k'ln;sf] ;d]t sflnsf]6,
/f]Nkfsf] ;'lnrf}/, sf7df8f}+nufot cgluGtL 7fp“df ePsf] ljb|f]x / lj36gn]
pgLx?leq hgkIfLo Pjd\ b]zeQm / b]zb|f]xL ef8fsf 6§'x?sf] aLrdf lsQfaGbLn]
tLj|tf lnPsf] 5 . h'g s'/f aflx/ Nofpg lxDdt ug{ ;ls/x]sf] 5}g / c?
ljb|f]xsf] 8/n] tL 36gfx?sf] 9fs5f]k ul//x]sf] 5 . a? pN6} x/]s lx;fjn]
dha't aGb} uPsf] kf6L{, ;]gf Pj+ hgljb|f]xsf] k|jntd\ ;+efjgfnfO{ dfcf]jfbL
hgo'4 sdhf]/ aGb} uPsf] eGg] h:tf em'¶f k|rf/ u/]/ lh0f{ k'/fgf] ;Qf d'tsf]
Gofgf] cg'e"tL ub}{5 . ;b/d'sfd / /fhwfgL -hxf“ emg} Pskl5 csf]{
sfjf{xLn] xfon–sfon ePsf] 5_ leq ;d]t cfkm} s}b / Kof/fnfOh ePsf] ;Qfsf s]xL
kfNt' s'Qfx? l3;|b}+ ¥ofn sf8\b} e'ls/x]sf dfq} 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf]
/0fgLlt / sfo{gLltsf] ;+hfnnfO{ j'em\g si6 gug]{ ltg} Kof/fnfOh ePsf @–$ j6f
lvRrf s'Qfx?sf] e'sfOaf6 cft+lst eO/x]sf ;+;bjfbL / ;+zf]wgjfbLx? qmflGtsf]
bf}/fgdf ePsf Psfw sdhf]/LnfO{ j9fO{ r9fO{ ub}{ Oltxf;s} sn+lst 1fg] zfxLsf]
kfpdf lgwf/ /fVg k'Ub5g\ / cfTd;d{k0fnfO{ ;Ddfg 7fGb5g\ . nvgpsf] rlr{t bf];|f]
jftf{kl5 cfkm"nfO{ xfQL kf6L{sf] g]tf 7fGg] dfwj g]kfn ltg} lvRrf
s'Qfx?sf] e'sfOn] xfjf sfjf e}/x]sf 5g\ eg] lul/hf jfj' b]z / hgtfsf] kIfdf
hLjg d/0fsf] o'4 nl8/x]sf dfcf]jfbL;“u cfkm"n] e]63f6 gug]{ sj'n 1fg]
zfxL;“u ul/;s]sf 5g\ . bf];|f] jftf{sfndf dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLnfO{
cfkm\gf] agfpg xb};Ddsf] 3[l0ft v]n v]Ngkl5 gk/]sf k'/fgf et'jf k+rx?b]lv 8/fP/
cfkm"nfO{ g}ltsjfg ;+emg] lul/hfn] b/af/ xTofsf08sf] jLeT; ?k / cfkm\gf]
hLjg g} afnafn ar]sf] t:jL/ pgsf] dfg;k6ndf tfh} 5 . csf]{lt/ dfcf]jfbL
lj?4 hlt;'s} kmnfsf] xfn]/ 1fg]zfxLnfO{ v'zL agfpg vf]h] klg 1fg]sf] cg'xf/
;+zf]wgjfbL / æ;+;bjfbLÆk|lt pHofnf] gx'g] s'/f :jt 5 . ;fdGtL kmf;LjfbL
1fg] zfxLnfO{ v'zL kfg{ hlt;'s} cg'go ljgo u/]klg ;+;bjfbL eGg]x?nfO{
v]nfO{–v]nfO{ yfª\gfdf ;'tfpg] / cfºgf] ;}Go kmf;LjfbL ;QfnfO{ j]nufd ;'b[9
ug]{ ;kgf eGbf afx]s p;n] csf]{ s]xL b]v]sf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/L /
;+;bjfbLx?sf] aLrdf ;fdfGo ;dembf/Lsf] s'/} 5f]8f}+ af]nrfn / e]63f6 ;d]tdf
efhf] xfNg]h:tf gLr sfo{n] Pdfn], sf+u|];, /fk|kfleq ;d]t km'6 kfg]{ if8\oGqdf
1fg] zfxLsf] k|d'v xft /x]sf] k'li6 cfh /fd|f];“u ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLleq
km'6 kfg{ hgtf / sfo{stf{af6 cnuynu kfg{ u/]sf] uf]oaN; z}nL / ;km]b em'7
k|rf/af6 g]kfnL k|j'4 ju{ / ljb]zL ko{6sx? ;d]t cfZro{ rlst x“'b} nfhn] d'v
5f]Kg' k/]sf] l:ylt 5 . To;}n] Oltxf;d} lgsDdf / ;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf lgn{Hh
lh0f{ 1fg] zfxLsf] k'/fgf] ;Qfaf6 / æ;+;bjfbLx?sf]Æ jt{dfg /j}ofaf6 of] d'n's /
hgtfsf] /lQ klg lxt x'g ;Sb}g eGg] s'/f lglj{jfb 5 . pgLx?sf] cfGtl/s /
cfk;L cGt/lj/f]wx? 3l6of :jfy{sf sf/0f xn x'g] xf]Og, a? emg} y'k|f] nfUg] s'/f
lglZrt 5 . oL cGtlj{/f]wx? x“'bfx“'b} klg pgLx? leqsf /fi6« / hglj/f]wL
u'6x?aLr ;f/tTjd} Ps?ktf x“'b} uO/x]sf] ;Gbe{df ?kdf lqkIfLo zlQm ;Gt'ng b]lvP
klg ;f/df b'O{ kIfLo zlQmx? aLrdf eL8Gt lg0ff{os pGd'v aGb} uPsf] 5 . of]
Aofks bdg / k|lt/f]wsf] aLr r'ln+b} uPsf] le8Gtn] ljZj:t/ d} Pp6f eofgs t'kmfg
NofOlbg] s'/f :jtM l;4 5 . b]zeQm qmflGtsf/L / k|hftGqjfbL olb
cfkm"nfO{ s;}n] eGb5 eg] ;z:q;lxt hgtfsf] k|r08 ljb|f]xn] d'v jfO/x]sf]
;Gbe{df g]t[Tj jf k|ltlglwTj ug{ clnslt klg l9nfO{ ug{ sbfkL x“'b}g . olb
hgtfsf] aLrdf d8/fO/x]sf] hgljb|f]xsf] lvnfkm hfg] b':;fxf; s;}n] ub{5 eg]
p;sf] /Iff kz'klt gfyn] u?g † g]kfnL hgtfn] ug]{ 5}gg\ .
hxf“;Dd
j}b]lzs rnv]n / cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbLsf] v'n]cfd x:tIf]k g]kfn / g]kfnLdfly
y'kfl/Psf] 5, of] g]kfnL hgo'4n] ljsf; ubf{sf] kl/0ffd / ljhosf] Bf]ts
xf] . ;+;f/sf h'g;'s} s'gfdf zf]if0f / bf]xgsf nflu k'u]sf] cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfb;“u s'g}klg d'lQm cfGbf]ngx? alh|g k'Ug] :jfefljs dfGotfnfO{ d'n'ssf]
aaf{bLsf] ?kdf a'em\g' p;sf ;fd' cfTd;dk{0f ug'{ xf] . cg}lts Aofkf/,
s'sd{af6 sdfPsf] c/af}+ hgtf;“usf] b'ZdgL cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] cfºg} aaf{bL
xf], c?sf] xf]Og . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;“u cfTd;dk{0f u/]/ xfdL qmflGtsf/Lx?
ljZjsf c/af}+ hgtfsf] b'Zdg / ;fd|fHojfb;“u ;lt hfg sbfkL ;Sb}gf}+ . h;/L
a]nfotL 6f]gL s'Qfn] cfTd;dk{0f ubf{ cd]l/sL et'jfsf] ?kdf ljZjsf hg;d'bfo ;fd'
lrlqt eof] . cfh dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?n] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 3lRr
yfKg] ;xL /fhg}lts sfo{lbzfsf cfwf/df cfkm"nfO{ ;fdYo{jfg t'NofP/ dfq}
;fd|fHojfb lj/f]wL hg–dxf;d/sf] cf“vfsf] gfgL / s]Gb|ljGb' aGb} g]kfnL
hgo'4nfO{ ljhoL t'Nofpg] 5f}+ . cfh h;/L 3/]n' ;fdGtL kmf;LjfbL 1fg] zfxL
/ To;sf bnfnx?sf] ePsf] 5 . O/fsdfly a]lylt / d'v{tfk"0f{ y'kfl/Psf]
o'4af6 cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb /fhg}lts ?kdf cnu ynu / kmf}hL ?kdf eofgs ;+s6df
km:b} dfq} uPsf] 5}g, ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3, 8An'= l6=cf]=sf] ljZj ;Dd]ng, o'/f]kLog
o'lgog, ?;, rLg, k|mfG; ;Dk"0f{ vf8L /fi6«x?nufot d'n'sx?nfO{ hjh{:t
;fd|fHojfb lj?4 pleg p;sf] b':;fx;n] afWo t'NofPsf] 5 . e'–kl/j]li6s,
oxf“sf zfifsju{sf] s[kfn] ;+;f/s} ;aeGbf ul/a, bl/b| / cljsl;t d'n'sdfly
cd]l/sL ;]jf 6]Sg cfof] eg] g]kfnL hgtf, hgo'4 / c/af}+ hgtfsf] ;xof]un] O/fs /
eLotgfd eGbf cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf nflu xhf/ u'0ff dx+uf] kg]{5 .
cGtlj{/f]w} cGtlj{/f]wsf] y'k|f]dfly plePsf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb O/fs o'4kl5
eO/x]sf] k|lt/f]w, ;a} d'n'saf6 c;xof]u, O/fsdf cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] v:sb} uPsf]
dgf]an p7fpg ljgf ;'rgf O/fs k'u]sf] a';d08nL slt 7"nf] ;+s6df PSn} km:b}
uPsf] 5 eGg] s'/f :jtM k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 . ;a}lt/ ljsNkxLg x'“b} uPkl5
efUg' of kfun x'g'' lzjfo c? af“sL s] /xG5 / < cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] gfOs]
a';nfO{ cfºg} gful/sn] ;d]t Oltxf;s} / ;+;f/s} ;aeGbf d'v{ dfG5]sf] ?kdf lrlqt
u/]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] zf]if0f, pTkL8g / d"v{tfn]
cGt/;fd|fHojfbL cGt/lj/f]w tyf pTkLl8t /fi6«x?sf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;“usf]
cGt/lj/f]w xn x'g'sf] ljkl/t lbg bf] u'0ff /ft rf}u'0ffn] al9/x]sf] 5 .
To;}n] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] cfºgf] lrxfg cfkm} vlg/x]sf] 5n{¨ 5 . æcfkm} t
dxfb]j pQfgf] 6fªÆ nufPsf] cfhsf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb nufotsf ;+s6sf] e'“d/Ldf
km;]sf ck/fwLx? ;fd' emf]nL km}nfP/ ;Qfdf 1fg]zfxLsf] d08nL sltGh]n l6Sg] of]
lgs6 eljiod} yfxf x'g]5 . 1fg] zfxLsf] ;Qf cfkm} /fhwfgL / ;b/d'sfddf s}b
eP/ ss{nf]sf kfgL em}+ l6lNjnfO{ /x]sf] ;+;f/sf] hf] sf]xLn] b]lv/x]sf
5g\ . 1fg]zfxLsf] ljZjfl;nf] uf]7fnf] yfkf gfdsf] kfqsf] ef/t e|d0fnfO{
ef/tLo ;+rf/ dfWodx?n] u/]sf] Ans cfp6n] g]kfnsf] :j3f]lift k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{
ljZjsf hg;d'bfon] /fd|};“u a'em]sf /x]5g\ eGg] dfq} ePg ;xof]u klg slt ug]{5g\
eGg] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . of] 36gfaf6 k'/fgf] ;Qfn] ud vfPs} x'g'
kb{5 . ædfuL dfuL 5f]/f ljx]Æ ug]{ g]kfnL cfxfg / af]xf]gL ge}
Aofkf/Lsf]df b}lgs dfUg] duGt]k|ltsf] Aojxf/af6 hgo'4nfO{ bdg ug{ c;Dej x'g]5
eGg] s'/f Jofkf/L / duGt] b'j}n] cjZo} nv sf6]s} x'g'kb{5 . ;fd|fHojfbsf]
d'v{tfsf] sf/0f hlt 8/nfUbf] b]lvG5 Tolt g} p lh0f{, sdhf]/, ;+s6u|:t alg/x]sf]
tYo klg k|jn /x]sf] 5 .
To;}n] dflysf] ljZn]if0faf6 cfGtl/s
l:yltnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{, afx\o kl/l:yltnfO{ hgo'4;“u hf]8g] cfwf/x? k|z:t aGb}
uPsf] 5 eg] ljZjsf qmflGtsf/Lx?sf lglDt qmflGt z'?jft ug]{ ;sf/fTds r'gf}tL
dha't /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] cWoIf s= k|r08n] eGg' eP h:t} æxfdLnfO{ cfºgf]
ljrf/sf] j}1flgstfk|lt k"0f{ ljZjf; 5 . xfdLnfO{ dxfg\ g]kfnL
hgtfk|lt ljZjf; 5 . ljrf/ / hgtfk|ltsf] lgi7f / ljZjf;df g} xfd|f] cf“6
n's]sf] 5 . of] lgi7f / ljZjf;n] xfdLnfO{ d[To'dfly ljho xfl;n ug{ ;Ifd
agfPsf] 5 . of] lgi7f / ljZjf;n] xfdLnfO{ lglxt :jfy{ / ;+sL0ftfsf 3]/fx?
tf]8]/ ljzfn wlt{sf ax';Vos hgtfsf] d'lQm / k|ultsf nflu cfkm"nfO{ ;dlk{t
ub}{ Tof] dxfg\ cfbz{sf lglDt jlnbfg x'g'nfO{ hLjgsf] jf:tljs d"Noaf]w
ub{5, ta b'lgof“sf] s'g} klg tfutn] p;nfO{ x/fpg ;Sb}g .Æ of] egfO{n]
g]kfnL wlt{sf d/0ff;Gg zfifsju{dfly ljho k|fKt ub}{ cd]l/sg ;fd|fHojfbnfO{
eo+s/ 7"nf] r'gf}tL v8f ug{ ;Sb5f}+ eGg] s'/f k|i6 5 . æ;fd|fHojfbL
x:tIf]k / /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfbsf] ;fdgf ub}{ qmflGtnfO{ ljho;Dd 8f]¥ofpg] h'g
r'gf}tL v8f ePsf] 5 , cGttM of] klg ;xL ljrf/wf/fTds /fhg}lts sfo{lbzfsf] ljsf;
ug]{ / To;nfO{ k|ltj4tfsf ;fy nfu' ug]{ r'gf}tL g} xf] .Æ eGg] cWoIf s=
k|r08sf] ;+in]if0fn] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / 3/]n' 1fg] zfxL kmf;Ljfbdflysf] ljho
/ ljZj qmflGtsf] pbonfO{ ;'lglZrt ub{5 . Oltxf;d} gag]sf] ljZj qmflGtsf]
cg's'n kl/l:yltnfO{ qmflGtdf km]g]{ ;xL /fhg}lts sfo{lbzfsf] cfjZostf -hf]
dfcf]jfbLn] lb+b} cfPsf] 5_ nfO{ qmflGtsf] k|lts"ntf b]Vg k'Ug' cfTd
;dk{0fjfb xf] . s= dfcf]n] eGg'eP h:t} æcfufdL %)–!)) jif{x? ;+;f/d} pyn
k'ynsf jif{x? x'g]5g\Æ eGg] ;+:n]if0fsf] hudf pleP/ cf“wLa]x/L >[li6 ug'{
cfh ;+;f/s} qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] klxnf] sfo{ef/ xf] . To;}n] cfpg'xf]; cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfbsf] bjbjf, 1fg] zfxLsf] kmf;LjfbL ;}lgsLs/0f, ;+;bjfbL u'6x?sf] bnfnL
/ cfTd;dk{0fjfb / qmflGtsf/L j[t leqsf knfogtf, sfo/tf / ljrngsf lj?4 lgd{d
;+3if{ ub]{ dfgj d'lQmsf] em08fnfO{ ;b}j pRrf] /fVg lg0ff{os cf“wLa]x/Lsf]
h?/LnfO{ k"/f u/f}+ . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ljhon] ljZjJofkL?kdf kfg]{
b'/ufdL k|efj / k|r08kysf] rf}yf] r/0fsf] ljsf;nfO{ ;'lglZrt u/f}+ .
d'Vok[i7
.. d'Vo;dfrf/
.. cGo ;drf/ .. ;DkfbsLo
.. cGtjf{tf{
.. ljrf/hut\
.. cGt/fli6«o .. ;do
;Gbe{ .. n]vx?
.. sljtfuLt
.. kf7s–k|ltlqmof
.. a]nfavtsf
s'/f .. zxLb
ufyf .. k'/fgf c+sx? .. ;Dks{ M
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