cGt/lj/f]wx?sf] ;xL ;~rfng ub}{
k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/LnfO{ gof“ p“rfOdf
p7fpg ;Dk"0f{ zlQm s]lGb|t u/f}+
-…jt{dfg
kl/l:ylt / xfd|f] P]ltxfl;s sfo{ef/Ú sf] k"/s k|:tfj _
;fdfGotM s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] ut k"0f{ a}7s Pjd\ ljz]iftM o'4lj/fd e+u ePkl5sf] /fhg}lts Pjd\
kmf}hL l:yltsf] ;fdfGo ;dLIFf ub}{ cfufdL lbgsf nflu gLlt / of]hgfdf cfjZos
kl/dfh{g ug]{ p4]Zon] kf]ln6Ao"/f]sf] of] a}7s cfof]hgf ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ljZj kl/l:yltsf] ;dLIff
…ljZj kl/l:yltaf/]Ú ut s]=;=n] u/]sf] ljZn]if0f /
lgsfn]sf lgisif{x? cfh emg\ ;fGble{s / ;xL ;flat eO/x]sf 5g\ . O/fs o'4kl5
cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb lbg k|ltlbg /fhg}lts ?kn] cnu—ynu / kmf}hL ?kn] 7"nf]
;+s6sf] bnbndf km“:b} uPsf] 5 . of] s'/f ev{/}sf] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] dxf;ef /
d]lS;sf]sf] sfgs'gdf ePsf] W.T.O.
sf] ljZj ;Dd]ngdf cleJoQm cGt/lj/f]wåf/f dfq xf]Og O/fs / ckmuflg:tfgdf ;d]t
cd]l/sL kmf}hsf lj?4 a9\bf] k|lt/f]w tyf dWok"j{df zflGtsf] slyt
/f]8Dofksf] lbjflnofåf/f klg k'li6 eO/x]sf] 5 . blIf0f Plzofdf k|e'Tj s:g]
p;sf] /0fgLltn] klg ;+s6sf] of] k[i7e"ldsf sf/0f gof“gof“ ;d:ofx?sf] ;fdgf
ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / p;sf] h'7f]k'/f]df
af“lr/x]sf] zfxL ;}lgs clwgfosjfbsf lj?4 j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts / kmf}hL cfs|d0fnfO{
s]lGb|t ug]{ xfd|f] gLltsf] j}1flgstf /fd|f];“u k|dfl0ft eO/x]sf] 5 . pQm
gLltsf cfwf/df s]Gb|sf tkm{af6 eO/x]sf] 7f]; kxnsf sf/0f ljZjel/sf sDo'lgi6
s|flGtsf/L Pj+ ;fd|fHojfb lj/f]wL hgdt;“u xfd|f] ;DaGw ;"b[9 / lj:tfl/t
dfq} x'“b} uPsf] 5}g clkt' cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;“u ljleGg :t/sf] cGt/lj/f]w /fVg]
k|lts[ofjfbL zlQmx?;“u ;d]t s'6g}lts ;DaGw lj:tfl/t eO/x]sf] 5 . ctM kf6L{n]
ljZj kl/l:yltsf] pQm d"NofÍg Pjd\ lgwf{l/t gLltsf] sfof{GjognfO{ cem Jofks
/ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg hf]8 nufpg' kb{5 .
@= 3/]n' /fhg}lts l:yltsf] ;dLIff
;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t\ hg;d'bfonfO{ ;fj{ef}d t'Nofpg] nlrnf]
sfo{g}lts c8fg Pjd\ jftf{ k|ls|ofdf To;sf nflu ul/Psf] ;du| kxnsbdLsf sf/0f
/fhg}lts ?kdf kf6L{ cfh gof“ :t/sf] cfs|fds cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . t];|f] r/0fsf]
jftf{df k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f k|:t't k|ltufdL æcjwf/0ff kqÆ Pjd\ ;f]xL cjlwdf
bf]/Dafdf u/]sf] g/;+xf/sf] nuQ} o'4lj/fd / jftf{sf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt ePsf]
3f]if0ff;lxt k|lt/f]wdf cufl8 a9\g ckLn ul/Psfn] kf6L{sf] /fhg}lts >|]i7tf
b]zleq dfq xf]Og aflx/;d]t :yflkt x'g k'u]sf]
5 . of] l;+uf] k|ls|ofdf kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] /0fg}lts b[9tf / sfo{g}lts
nrstfnfO{ gof“ p“rfOaf6 k|of]u ug{ ;kmn
ePsf] 5 .
klZrdf ;fd|fHojfb d'VotM cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] s7k'tnL
aGg k'u]sf] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] /fhg}lts cl:tTj cfh hgtfsf lj?4 zfxL ;}lgs
cft+sjfbdf ;Lldt aGg k'u]sf] 5 . b/af/ xTofsf08b]lv g} k'/fgf] ;Qf,
;fd|fHojfbåf/f lgb]{lzt ;}Go kmfl;jfbdf ktg ePsf] 5 eGg] kf6L{sf] ljZn]if0f /
lgisif{ cfh emg\ /fd|f];“u k|dfl0ft eO/x]sf] 5 . ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|ltsf] slyt
k|lta4tf ;fdGtL tTjx?sf] Pp6f kfv08afx]s c? s]xL gePsf] tYo k'/fg} ;Qfdf
;xj/0fsf lgldQ ofrgf ul//x]sf ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?nfO{ ;d]t ;xj/0f gug'{n]
/fd|};“u pbf¨f] kfl//x]sf] 5 . ;fd|fHojfbL / ;fdGtjfbL x7sf] k/fsfi7fnfO{
k|bz{g ub}{ cfh k'/fgf] ;Qfn] cToGt xf:of+:kb 9+un] slyt :yfgLo lgsfosf]
dgf]gog ug]{ tyf ;+;bLo lgjf{rgsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ s'/fsf] ax'n¶Lk"0f{ jsfnt
ul//x]sf] 5 . o;sf k5fl8 ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?sf] ;d]t cl:tTjnfO{ lgld6\ofGg
kf/]/ k'/fgf] ;Qfdf ;}Go kmf;LjfbLnfO{
j}wflgstfsf] hnk nufpg] s'l6n if8oGq cGtlg{lxt /x]sf] s'/f :ki6 5 . k|d'v ;+;bjfbL
bnx?sf] /fhg}lts csd{0otf s|dzM pgLx?s} cl:tTj ;dfkgsf] sf/s aGb} uPsf] 5 . @!
cf}+ ztflAbsf] cfhsf] ljZj l:ylt Pjd\ b]zdf u[xo'4sf] ljsf;sf] ljlzi6tfdf
;+j}wflgs /fhtGq c;Dej ePsf] oyfy{nfO{
cfTd;ft ug{ g;Sg] tTjx?sf] /fhg}lts cl:tTj ;dfKt x'g' :jfefljs 5 .
k"“hLjfbL hgjfbL s|flGtnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg ;j{xf/f ju{sf] g]t[Tjdf
df]rf{ s:g' jf ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbsf] u7aGwgdf cfwfl/t ;}Go kmf;Ljfbsf cufl8
;Dk"0f{ ?kn] 3'“8f 6]Sg] eGg] afx]s csf]{ ljsNk g]kfndf g/x]sf] oyfy{
a'em\g g;Sg' ;+;bjfbLx?sf] lgolt aGg
k'u]sf] 5 . ut s]=;=df ul/Psf] of] lg0f{o ?kdf lqsf]0ffTds b]lvP klg ;f/ /
juL{o ?kdf b]zdf rln/x]sf] /fhg}lts ;+3if{ b'O{ sf]0ffTds g} /x]sf] oyfy{sf]
k'li6 eO/x]sf] 5 .
of] l:yltdf dWodfu{sf ?kdf k|:t't x'g vf]Hg] ;+;bjfbL
cfTd;dk{0fjfbsf] /fhg}lts e08fkmf]/ ub}{ Jofks hgjuL{o Pstf sfod u/L ;}Go
kmf;Ljfbsf lj?4 cfs|d0f s]lGb|t ug]{ kf6L{ gLltnfO{ b[9tfk"j{s cufl8 a9fpg
h?/L ePsf] s'/f :ki6 x'G5 .
#= o'4lj/fd e+u ePkl5sf] kmf}hL l:yltsf] ;dLIff
/0fg}lts k|Tofs|d0f tyf cfd
ljb|f]xsf] tof/LcGtu{t ut s]=;=åf/f lgwf{l/t /0fg}lts of]hgf clxn]
sfof{GJfogsf] k|ls|ofdf g} /x]sf] 5 . ctM clxn] g} To;sf] ;du| ;dLIff ;Dej 5}g
. t/, ;f] of]hgfdf lglb{i6 gof“ kxnsf] k|f/lDes r/0f k"/f eO;s]sf] x'“bf
To;sf] k|f/lDes ;dLIff u/]/ cufl8sf nflu of]hgfdf kl/dfh{g / d"tL{s/0f ug{
;Dej / cfjZos b'a} /x]sf] 5 .
:d/0fLo 5 ls s]=;=åf/f lgwf{l/t of]hgfsf] d"n :kLl/6
klxnf] r/0fdf ljs]lGb|t sfo{jfxL ug]{, bf];|f]df ;fk]lIft s]lGb|t / t];|f]df
7"nf s]lGb|t sfo{jfxL ug]{ /x]sf] lyof] . klxnf] r/0fsf] ljs]lGb|t
sfo{jfxLcGtu{t u|fdL0f Onfsfx?df ;fgf 7"nf Ambush tyf
zx/ Pjd\ dw]zdf ;fgf 7"nf Raid, sdf08f] cfs|d0f tyf ;fgf
7"nf Sabotage åf/f b'ZdgnfO{ Iflt k'¥ofpg] tyf
p;sf] ult cj?4 ug]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lyof] .
gof“ kxnsf] klxnf] r/0fsf lgldQ lglZrt ul/Psf]
sfo{jfxLx?sf] pk/f]Qm ?k / nIosf b[li6n] of]hgfsf] of] efu k"0f{ ?kdf ;kmn
ePsf] 5 . ljs]lGb|t t/ b]zJofkL ?kdf ePsf ljljw, 3gLe"t / ;fxl;s
sfo{jfxLx?sf] >[+vnfn] b'ZdgnfO{ cfZro{ / c:tAo:ttf;lxt /IffTds l:yltdf /xg
afWo kf/]sf] 5 . gof“ kxnsf] ;jf{lws dxTjk"0f{ / pknlAwsd"ns kIf
/fhwfgL, dw]z tyf ;fgf 7"nf
zx/x?df ePsf ;kmn / ;fxl;s sdf08f] cfs|d0f, Raid tyf Sabotage x? /xg uP . oL 3gLe"t sfo{jfxLx?sf] kl/0ffd /fhwfgL
/ cGo zx/x?df ;d]t b'Zdg ;'/lIft g/x]sf] tYo :ki6 u¥of] eg] d]rLb]lv
dxfsfnL;Ddsf] t/fO{sf u|fdL0f Onfsfx? sl/j kxf8df h:t} vfnL x'g k'u] . gof“
kxnsf] of] kl/0ffdn] ljb|f]xsf lgldQ cfwf/ tof/ kfg]{ nIodf dxTjk"0f{
pknlAw xfl;n ePsf] 5 .
Road
Mining / Ambush ;+VofTds b[li6n] ck]Iff u/] cg';f/ g} ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . t/, s]xL
lglZrt u'0ffTds Ambush sf] ck]Iff eg] ;]=d=afx]s cGoq
Tolt ;kmn ePsf] b]lvPg . cfsl:ds df]rf{a4 d'7e]8df /f]Nkfsf] xflG8Ë /
sf]rf{jfËsf] d'7e]8 pNn]Vo /xof] .
s'n ldnfp“bf gof“ /0fg}lts of]hgfcg';f/sf] gof“ kxn
;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljutdf k|To]s gof“ of]hgf nfu" ubf{
s]lGb|s[t ?kdf 7"N7"nf wSsfd"ns xdnf ug]{ ul/Psf] / b'Zdg Pjd\
hgtf;d]t To;df cEo:t /x]sf] ;Gbe{df kf6L{sf] of] gof“ /0fg}lts of]hgf ;a}sf
nflu gf}nf} aGg uPsf] 5 . cfGtl/s ?kdf 7"nf] Iflt Aoxf]g'{ k/] klg b'Zdgn]
of] gof“ k|ls|ofnfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gf æsdhf]/Æ ag]sf] tyf cfkm\gf] ;]gf æ;kmnÆ aGb}
uPsf] e|fds k|rf/afhLsf] cfTd/ltsf ?kdf lnPsf] 5 . otf hg;d'bfosf] Pp6f tKsf
vf;u/L zxl/of dWod juL{o a'l4hLljx?df b'Zdgsf] To; k|sf/sf] lgof]lht k|rf/ Pjd\
xfd|f] of]hgfsf] dd{k|ltsf] cgle1tfsf sf/0f s]xL cGof}n / cfz+sf klg b]vfk/]sf]
5 . sltko s|flGtsf/L sfo{stf{df klg 7"nf wSsfd"ns sfo{jfxL gx'“bf
stfstf vNnf] cg'e"lt /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
To;k|sf/sf sltko e|d / cGof}nsf afjh'b xfdL s'g s'/fdf
:ki6 x'g' kb{5 eg] o'4lj/fd e+u ePkl5sf] ;du| /fli6«o / cGt/fli6«o ;Gbe{,
xfd|f] /fhg}lts kxn, b'Zdgsf] Ps k|sf/sf] tof/L tyf b]zAofkL k|Tofs|d0fsf]
tof/L ug]{ xfd|f] /0fgLltsf k[i7e"lddf of]hgfsf] klxnf] r/0fdf ljs]lGb|t
sfo{jfxL ug]{ xfd|f] gLlt cToGt ;xL / j:t'jfbL lyof] . pNn]lvt ;Gbe{df k'/fg}
tl/sfn] uPsf] eP To;sf] kl/0ffd /fhg}lts / kmf}hL b'a} b[li6n] C0ffTds x'g]
vt/f lyof] eGg] s'/fdf xfdL :ki6 x'g' kb{5 . xfb}{ / /IffTds aGb} uPsf] b'Zdgn]
ælhTb}Æ / æcfs|fdsÆ aGb} uPsf] pN6f] k|rf/ ug'{n] cGttM hgo'4nfO{ g} kmfObf
x'g] s'/f lglZrt 5 .
t/, casf] gof“ l:yltdf sfo{jfxLsf ljBdfg ?kx?nfO{
lg/Gt/tf lb+b} s]lGb|t 7"nf
sfo{jfxLx? ;+ul7t ug{ hf]8 lbg' kb{5, h;n] k|Tofs|d0f / ljb|f]xsf] tof/Ldf
u'0ffTds e"ldsf v]Ng ;sf]; . o; ;DaGwL rrf{ csf]{ cWofodf ul/g] 5 .
+$= kmf}hL sfo{jfxLsf k|of]udf kl/dfh{g ug]{af/]
kxf8df dfq xf]Og, dw]zsf] ;dtn
Onfsf;d]t cfh b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{
u|fdL0f If]qdf k'/fgf] ;Qf d"ntM Wj+; ePsf] 5 . To;k|sf/sf ;a} If]q
kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj / k|efjdf cfPsf] 5 .
of] jf:tljstfnfO{ xfdLn] dfq xf]Og b]zleq / aflx/sf xfd|f lj/f]wLx?n] klg
:jLsf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ .
dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ljsf;åf/f k}bf ePsf] of] l:yltdf :jfefljs
?kn] cfdhgtfsf] ck]Iff xfdLaf6 cem a9L u+eL/tf / lhDd]jf/Ljf]wsf] k|bz{g
xf]cf]; eGg] /x]sf] 5 . t/, cfh sltko ;Gbe{df xfd|f kmf}hL sfo{jfxLsf sltko
?kx?sf] k|of]u eg] cfGbf]ngsf] ljsf;sf] :t/, lhDd]jf/L / hgtfsf] ck]Iff;“u d]n
gvfg] x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . olb ;do 5+b} kmf}hL sfo{jfxLsf ?kx?sf] k|of]udf kl/dfh{g
ug{ ;lsPg eg] cGttM To;n] gsf/fTds kl/0ffdx?nfO{ hGd lbg ;Sg] 5 . ctM tTsfn
xfdLn] kmf}hL sfo{jfxLsf ;Gbe{df lgDg s'/fdf xfd|f] wf/0ff / cfr/0f :ki6 ug{
h?/L 5 —
s_ Wj+; / lgdf{0faf/]
k'/fgf] ;Qf Wj+; ug'{ / gof“ ;Qf lgdf{0f ug'{ s|flGtsf]
d'Vo nIo xf] . k'/fgf] ;Qf ;Dk"0f{ ?kn] Wj+; gx'bf;Dd cyf{t s|flGt ;kmn
geP;Dd /0fg}lts b[li6n] Wj+; g} k|wfg eO/x]sf] x'G5 . t/, sfo{g}lts / Jojxfl/s
cy{df h'gh'g Onfsf / :t/;Dd k'/fgf] ;Qf Wj+; eO/x]sf] x'G5, tL Onfsf / :t/;Dd
lgdf{0fn] k|fyldstf lnO/x]sf] x'G5 . ;fdfGotM Wj+;;“u} lgdf{0fsf] k|ls|of klg
z'? ePsf] x'G5 / tL b'O{sf aLrdf åGåfTds ;DaGw /x]sf] x'G5 . t/, xfd|f sltko
kmf}hL sfo{jfxLsf ?kx?sf] k|of]usf ;Gbe{df Wj+; / lgdf{0fsf] of] åGåfTds
;DaGwnfO{ 7Ls 9+un] cleJoQm ug{ ;s]sf
5}gg\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu xfd|f] lgoGq0f / k|efjdf cfO;s]sf u|fdL0f If]qsf lxhf]sf
uf=lj=;= ejgx? hnfpg', b'Zdgsf] k|x/L eflu;s]sf / kms]{/ cfpg] ;+efjgf klg
g/x]sf 3/x? ljikmf]6 u/fpg', xfd|f] gLlt, lgodcg';f/ rNg tof/ x'g] Jofkf/L,
;fgf pBf]uklt jf cGo s'g} cfly{s k|lti7fgdfly Sabotage
ug'{ cflbh:tf s[ofsnfksf] lg/Gt/tfn] Wj+;nfO{ lg/k]If?kdf lnPsf] h:tf] b]lvg
hfG5 . o;af6 hg;d'bfodf leqleq} xfd|f ultljlwk|lt c;Gt'i6L a9\g hfg] / b'Zdgn]
To;af6 kmfObf p7fpg] vt/f a9\g hfG5 .
ctM k'/fgf] ;Qf Wj+; eO;s]sf] u|fdL0f Onfsfsf ljsf;,
lgdf{0f nufotsf ef}lts ;+/rgfx? Pjd\ k|fs[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0fsf] lhDdf xfdLn]
lnP/ hg;d'bfonfO{ To;sf lgldQ kl/rfng ug{ h?/L 5 . ljutdf k'/fgf] ;Qf / To;sf
;+rfnsx?n] k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf ejg, hldg, jg, h+un nufotsf cfly{s k|lti7fgx? ca
gof“ hg;Qfn] cfkm\gf] lxtdf k|of]u ub}{ / b'Zdgaf6 ltgsf] ;+efljt Sabotage sf lj?4 v8f x'“b} ljsf;, lgdf{0fsf sfdnfO{ gof“ 9+un]
cufl8 a9fpg hf]8 ul/g' kb{5 . casf lbgdf u|fdL0f If]qdf xfd|f] egfO / u/fO
b'j}af6 of] s'/fnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug{ hf]8 nufpg cfjZos 5 .
v_ ju{—b'Zdg / ;'/fsLx?sf] ;kmfofaf/]
ju{—b'Zdg / ;'/fsLsf] ef}lts ;kmfofaf/]df xfd|f] kf6L{sf]
gLlt 5flgPsf / ;s];Dd sdsf], ;s];Dd hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L lbP/ tyf pgLx?sf] :jLs[lt
lnP/, s'g} s|'/ / ljeT; tl/sf gckgfOsg ;DkGg ug]{ /x+b} cfPsf] 5 . cfGbf]ngsf]
cfhsf] ljsf;sf] cfjZostfn] d'Vot u|fld0f If]qdf Tof] ljlwdf klg kl/dfh{g ug{
clgjfo{ agfPsf] 5 . b'Zdgsf] ef}lts
;kmfofsf ;Gbe{df b'Zdg / cj;/jfbLx?n] ug]{ s'lT;t k|rf/afhLaf6 xfdL cgfjZos
k|efljt x'g cjZo x'Gg . t/, s;}sf] ;kmfof ubf{ ju{ljZn]if0f, p;sf] ck/fwsf]
k|s[lt, To;nfO{ ;flat ug]{ hgjfbL j}wflgs k|ls|of / ;kmfof ug]{ ljlwaf/] 7f];
gLltsf] ljsf; / kfngf ug{ ;lsPg eg] To;sf] kl/0ffd klg gsf/fTds x'g k'Ub5 .
utsfndf ePsf sltko ;kmfofx? h:t} eg] hlt rGbf glbPs} sf/0f, a:g / vfg glbPs}
sf/0f, xfd|f] cfGbf]ngsf] /fhg}lts lj/f]w u/]s} sf/0f, ;'/fsLsf] z+sf nfu]s}
sf/0f cyjf :yfgLo 6Ldsf ;b:ox?sf] l/;Oljsf sf/0f ;lhn} ePsf 5g\ eGg] cf/f]k
xfdLdfly b'Zdg / cj;/jfbLx?n] nufPsf] kmt'/ eg]/ dfq a:g ;lsg] l:ylt 5}g . ctM
cfufdL lbgdf u|fld0f If]qdf s;}sf] klg ;kmfof ug'{ kbf{ lglZrt 6Ld jf To;sf
lglZrt ;b:o uP/ ;f]em} vtd gu/L lglZrt Go"gtd hgjfbL j}wflgs tl/sf ckgfpg]
Joj:yf ;'lglZrt ug{ h?/L 5 . nfn cft+ssf] cy{ c/fhstf xf]Og eGg] s'/f xfd|f]
gLlt / cfr/0f b'a}df cleJoQm x'g' clgjfo{ 5 .
u_ b'Zdgsf ;]gf / k'ln;dflysf] sfo{jfxLaf/]
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] d'Vo cu+sf ?kdf /x]sf] ;}Go zlQmnfO{
hgo'4sf] dfWodaf6 Wj:t kfg'{ s|flGtsf] s]Gb|Lo / ;jf]{Rr sfd xf] eGg] s'/f :jtM
:ki6 5 / o;df ljjfbsf] s'g} k|Zg 5}g . t/, k|rlnt / 3f]lift kmf}hL sfo{jfxLsf ?kx?sf] k|of]u ubf{ xfdLn]
leGgleGg l:yltdf leGgleGg tl/sf cKfgfp5f}+ / cKfgfpg' kb{5 . h:t} Ambush, Mining, Raid, Commando attack nufotsf sfo{jfxLx?df d'7e]8 x'+bf b'ZdgnfO{ a9L eGbf a9L Iflt
k'¥ofP/ k/f:t ug{ hf]8 ul/G5 / ug'{ kb{5 . t/, cfTd;dk{0f ul/;s]sf b'Zdgsf ;]gf
/ k'ln;dfly xfd|f] 3f]lift gLlt o'4aGbLk|lt ;Ddfghgs Jojxf/ ug'{, pgLx?nfO{
;Demfpg' a'emfpg' / xfdL;“u} n8\g rfxg]x?nfO{ Tof] cj;/ k|bfg ug'{ tyf 3/ hfg
rfxg]x?nfO{ 5f]8L lbg' xf] . b'Zdgsf] ;]gf / k'ln;df hflu/ vfPs} sf/0fdfq pgLx?nfO{
PSn} b'Sn}, labfdf 3/ cfPsf a]nf cyjf hxf+ e]l6G5 ToxL l;Wofpg] sfd hgo'4sf]
l;4fGt / cfr/0f ljk/Lt x'g hfG5 / cGttM To;sf] kl/0ffd b'ZdgnfO{ lj3l6t ug'{
eGbf Pslqt kfg]{ sfd x'g k'Ub5 . ctM d'VotM u|fld0f If]qdf b'Zdgsf] ;]gf /
k'ln;df hflu/ vfg]x?nfO{ 3/df cfPsf] a]nf cft+lst kfg]{ jf ;kmfof ug]{ geP/
;Demfpg], a'emfpg] / hflu/ 5f]8\g
k|]l/t ug]{ p2]Zo x'g' kb{5 . xfdLn]
klxn]b]lv eGb} cfPsf] b'Zdgsf] ;]gf / k'ln;df hflu/ vfg]x?sf kl/jf/nfO{ ;r]t
kfg]{, ;+ul7t ug]{ / ;+/If0f lbg] sfd g} ;xL gLltsf] cleJolQm xf] . casf]
l:yltdf xfdLn] pgLx?sf kl/jf/nfO{ hflu/ 5f]8]/ jf g5f]8]/ klg 3/ a:bf ;'/lIft
x'g ;lsg] ljZjf; / cg'e"lt lbg hf]8 nufpg' kb{5 .
ljutdf w]/} / h3Go ck/fw ul/;s]sf jf b'Zdgsf ;]gf /
k'ln;sf 7"nf clkm;/x?sf ;Gbe{df eg] pgLx?nfO{ sAhfdf lnP/ dfly a'+bf g+=
-v_ df elgP em}+ sfo{jfxLsf] k|ls|of cufl8 a9fpg' kb{5 .
3_ lj/f]wL /fhg}lts g]tf / sfo{stf{k|ltsf]
cfr/0faf/]
;fdfGotM ljleGg k|lts[ofjfbL Pj+ cj;/jfbL /fhg}lts
bnx?k|ltsf] xfd|f] cfr/0f /fhg}lts e08fkmf]/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] /x]sf] 5 .
xfdLn] eGb} cfPsf 5f}+ ls s;}dfly ef}lts sfo{jfxL s'g} vf; /fhg}lts bnsf]
;b:osf gftfn] xf]Og p;n] hgtf / hgo'4sf lj?4 u/]sf] ck/fwsf sf/0fdfq x'g' kb{5
. o;sf ;fy} k|ToIf?kdf k'/fgf] ;Qf;+u hf]l8Psf tyf To;sf] ljkIfdf /x]sf bnx?sf]
tfTsflns, sfo{g}lts cfr/0fdf km/s x'g] ePsfn] xfdLn] pgLx?;“usf] Jojxf/df klg
ToxL k|sf/sf] leGgtf ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ / ub}{ /xg' kb{5 . /fhg}lts?kdf tfTsflns /
sfo{g}lts cy{d} eP klg xfdL;“u j:t'tM glhs /x]sf /fhg}lts bnx?k|lt ;s];Dd
ldqtfk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug{ hf]8 nufpg' kb{5 .
utsfndf xfd|f sltko sfo{jfxLx? cGt/lj/f]wsf] l:yltsf] ;xL
/ ;du| n]vfhf]vf tyf kf6L{sf] pk/f]Qm gLlt eGbf aflx/ uP/ klg x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5
. casf] gof“ l:yltdf Psflt/ pk/f]Qm gLltnfO{ s8fO{k"j{s kfng ug{ hf]8
nufpg' kb{5 eg] csf{lt/ s'g} lsl;dsf] b08, ;hfo jf ef}lts sfo{jfxL ug'{ kg]{
JolQmx?sf xsdf dfly pNn]lvt hgjfbL j}wflgs k|ls|of ckgfpg hf]8 nufpg' kb{5 .
s;}nfO{ lu/km\tf/ ul/;s]kl5 clanDj To;sf k5fl8sf] sf/0f ;fj{hlgs ul/lbg' kb{5 .
ª_ rGbf ;+sngaf/]
b'Zdgn] xfd|f] rGbf ;+sngsf] ljlwnfO{ dWodju{df e|d 5g]{
Pp6f 7"nf] xltof/ agfp“b} cfPsf] 5 . b'ZdgnfO{ Tof] xltof/af6 jl~rt ug{
tyf dWodju{nfO{ e|ldt / cft+lst x'gaf6 hf]ufpgsfnflu xfdLn] cfkm\gf rGbf
gLltnfO{ Jojl:yt / kl/dfh{g ug{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 . ljutdf s}of}+ ;Gbe{df rGbf
p7fp“bf ;DalGwt JolQm, ;+3, ;+:yf cflbsf] kof{Kt ju{ljZn]if0f, k[i7e"ldsf]
cWoog Pjd\ To; cg';f/sf] cfr/0f ug]{ s'/fdf sdL /x+b} cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] kl/0ffd
cy{ ;+sngsf] If]qdf kof{Kt c/fhstf klg b]vf kg]{ u/]sf] 5 . ctM cfufdL lbgdf
of] c/fhstfnfO{ /f]s]/ cy{ ;+sngsf] k|ls|ofnfO{ Jojl:yt kfg{ juL{o cfwf/df
hgtf;“u rGbf ;+sng ug]{ 7f]; Criteria lglZrt ug]{ / csf{lt/ b'ZdgnfO{
;hfo ug]{ tyf Tax nufpg] k|0ffnLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{
h?/L 5 .
rGbf ;+sng ug]{ tyf s/ p7fpg] sfdsf] 7f]; lgoGq0f If]qLo
Ao"/f]x?n] ug{ h?/L 5 .
r_ ljleGg /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L
;+:yfaf/]
ljutdf u|fld0f If]qdf k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] jr{:j vtd ug]{
;Gbe{df xfdLn] lemgf] cGt/ u/] klg ;fdfGotM ;a}vfn] NGO / INGO k|lt cfs|fds gLlt cKfgfp“b}
cfPsf lyof}+ . t/, casf] ablnPsf] l:yltdf xfdLn] ;f] gLltdf kl/dfh{g ug{ h?/L 5
.
/fhg}lts?kn] k|ToIf?kdf k'/fgf] ;Qf;+u ghf]l8Psf /
u|fdL0f If]qdf xfd|f] gLlt / of]hgf;“u
tfnd]n ub}{ sfd ug{ OR5's NGO x?k|lt xfdLn] ;sf/fTds Jojxf/
ug{ cfjZos 5 . To;}u/L cGt/f{li6«o?kdf hgo'4k|lt ;jf{lws cfs|fds cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfbåf/f k|ToIf nufgL ul/Psf INGO jfx]s t6:y b]z jf hgo'4k|lt
cfs|fds gePsf o'/f]lkog o'lgog nufotsf b]z;“u ;DalGwt INGO k|lt s'g} lsl;dsf] ef}lts sfo{jfxL jf hah{:tL gu/L 5nkmn cGt/lqmof
Pj+ tfnd]nåf/f ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ hf]8 lbg' kb{5 .
clxn] xfdLn] ug]{ ;fgfltgf sfdsf] ljZjAofkL cjnf]sg eO/x]sf]
;Gbe{df cGt/lj/f]wsf] ;du|tfnfO{ ljrf/ ub}{ o; ;DaGwL gLltdf kl/kSjtf k|bz{g
ug{ ljz]if h?/L ePsf] 5 .
%—cfufdL
kmf}hL of]hgfaf/]
s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] ut a}7såf/f lgwf{l/t kmf}hL of]hgf ;xL /x]sf] tyf sfof{GJogsf]
k|ls|ofd} uO/x]sf] s'/f dfly pNn]v u/L ;lsPsf] 5 . ;f] of]hgfnfO{ kl/dfh{g ug]{
;Gbe{df ;fk]lIfs s]Gb|Ls/0f kbfjnLsf] k|of]un] Jojxf/tM s]xL c:ki6tf / hgd'lQm
;]gfdf s]xL bafj dx;'; ePsfn] tTsfnsf nflu ;fk]lIfs s]lGb|t sfo{jfxL ug]{
gLltnfO{ x6fpg cfjZos 5 . j:t'tM
ljs]lGb|t sfo{jfxLleq ;fk]lIft s]Gb|Ls/0f :jtM x'g hfg] s'/fdf xfdL :ki6 x'g'
kb{5 . ctM cfufdL of]hgfdf ljs]lGb|t
sfo{jfxLx?nfO{ lagf s'g} bafj b[9tfk"j{s cufl8 a9fp“b} s]lGb|t / lglZrt
7"nf sfo{jfxLsf] tof/L ug'{kb{5 .
^—hg;Qfsf]
k|:t'ltaf/]
b]zsf] l;+uf] u|fdL0f Onfsf d'ntM hgo'4sf] k|efj /
lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] tyf cGt/f{li6«o k|rf/ / k|efjdf ;d]t pNn]Vo a[l4 ePsf] jt{dfg
;Gbe{df k'/fgf] ;Qfdflysf] /fhg}lts x:tIf]knfO{ gof“ p“rfOdf p7fpg lgDg cg';f/
hfg cfjZos 5 M—
s_ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 nufotsf cGt/f{li6«o d+rdf ;}lgs
kmf;LjfbL k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] slyt k|ltlglwTjsf] lj/f]w ub}{ hg;Qfsf] k|ltlglwTj
sfod ug{ cfu|x ug]{
v_ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3df cfj4 ljZjsf ;a} b]zx?;“u
cf}krfl/s–kqdfkm{t\ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf lj?4 gof“ ;QfnfO{ ;dy{g / ;xof]usf nflu
cg'/f]w ug]{
u_ b]zleq ;du| u|fdL0f Onfsfsf] lhDdf lng] 9+un] hg;Qfsf]
gLlt, of]hgf / sfo{s|dnfO{ Jojl:yt kfg{ h?/L
5 . To;sf nflu cfly{s, /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs / ;+:s[ltsf ;a} If]qdf hg;Qfsf]
7f]; sfo{s|d / To;sf] sfof{GJfog k|ls|ofåf/f clGtd ljb|f]xsf] tof/LnfO{ tLj|
kfg'{ kg]{ 5 .