lxdlzv/
eGbf pRr ;xfbt
ljj]; /f]NkfnL
;f“RrL
g} ;+;f/df slxNo} gd]l6g] Oltxf; ltg} JolQmsf] x'bf] /x]5 , hf] JolQm d[To'nfO{
lht]/ cfkm\gf] JolQmut OR5f, cfsf+Iffx?nfO{ kG5fP/ b]z / b'lgofsf] lglDt
cfkm\gf] cd'No hLjg ;d]tnfO{ xf"l; xf"l; lbg tTk/ /xG5 . x'gt k[YjLdf
;j} eGbf r]tgzLn k|f0fL dfgj 5 . t/, To:tf] vfnsf] dfgj Oltxf;df sd} dfqfdf
kfO{G5 —hf] ef}lts ?kdf d/]/ uP klg cfd >dhLljx?sf] x[bodf ;bfsf nflu
af"lr/xG5g\ . dfgj ;a}n] cfkm\gf] hLjg a'em\g / abNg Gofok"0f{
;+3if{sf] af6f]df lgb]{lzt ub{5 . ToxL dfgj g} dxfg\ / ;j}sf] k|]/0ffbfos jGb5 .
To:t} dfgj cfh g]kfnL qmflGtsf] bf}/fgdf ef}lts ?kdf xfdL;+u gePtf klg slxNo}
gd]l6g] ch/ / cd/ ;'gf}nf] /lQmd Oltxf; lgdf{0f ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . l;+uf]
;j{xf/f ju{sf] d'lQmsf] lglDt / k'/fgf] ;dfhnfO{ gof“ ;dfhdf ?kfGt/0f ug{
gof" g]kfnsf] ;[hgf ug]{ qmddf ;of}+ of]4fx?n] cfkm\gf] k|f0f pT;u{
ul/;s]sf 5g\ . ;f]xL dWo] Ps cd/ ;lxb vu]Gb| k|sfz jnL -s= kj{n_ sf] 5f]6f]
kl/ro o'4–ofqf :tDedf lbOPsf] 5 .
/f]Nkf lhNnfsf] klZrd e]udf kg]{ ;Nofg / /f]Nkfsf] l;dfgfdf /]x]sf]
lhgfjfª\u uf=h=;= —% em\ofd eGg] 7fp"df a'af vn axfb'/ jnL
/ cfdf l6sf s'df/L jnLsf] sf]vaf6 @)#$ ;fn r}q % ut] lgDg dWod ls;fg kl/jf/df
;lxb s= kj{nsf] hGd ePsf] lyof] . pxf“ tLg lbbL / rf/ bfh'sf] Kof/f] efO{
x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“sf] jfNosfnsf] Oltxf;nfO{ x]bf{ a8f] b'Mvsf ;fy hLjg
x's]{sf] kfO{G5 . cfkm'n] v]tL ls;fg u/]/ klg vfgf gk'Ug] bogLo cj:yfdf klg
a'af–cfdfx?n] pxf“nfO{ w]/} d]xgt u/]/ x'sf{pg' ePsf] lyof] . zfl//Ls agfj6
b]Vbf cUnf], aflx/af6 x]bf{ kftnf] zl//sf kj{n ;xfl;s, nIo k|lt b[9 ;+slNkt /
b'ZdgnfO{ em'Sofpgdf w]/} l;kfn' snfn] el/k"0f{ Ps s'zn of]4f x'g' x'GYof]
. gd| :jefj, ldng;f/, cfkm' eGbf 7'nfa8fnfO{ cfbz{ efj, cfkm'eGbf ;fgfnfO{ w]/}
dfof ug]{ :jefjn] jfns b]lv j[4 ;DdnfO{ pxf"n] /fd|f] k|efj kfg'{ ePsf]
lyof] . x/]s If]qdf pxf“sf] k|ltef /fd|f] lyof] . v]ns'bdf pxf“nfO{ al9 dg
kg]{ v]n elnjn g} lyof] . pxf“n] elnjn v]naf6 klg y'k|}nfO{ k|efljt kfg'{
ePsf] lyof] . !) sIff ;Dd cWoog ug'{ ePsf ;lxb s= kj{n * jif{sf] pd]/df @)$# ;fn
b]lv ;Nofgsf] hgtf k|f=lj= a'/f“;]af6 cfkm\gf] cWoognfO{ z'? ug'{ ePsf] lyof]
. km]/L /f]Nkfsf] df=lj= gfpnL / ;Nofgsf] efg'eQm df=lj= bdfrf}/af6 ul/ !) sIff
;Dd cWoog ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cWoogs} ;dodf k|ltlqmofjfbL zf;sx?n] em'7f Hofg
d'2f nufP/ pxf“sf] cWoogdf jfwf k'¥ofO{ lbPsf lyP . ;lxb s= kj{nn] /fhgLltsf]
z'?jft !$ jif{ b]lv ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . @)$* ;fndf c=g]=/f=:j=lj=o"=
-qmflGtsf/L_sf] O{sfO{ ;+u7gdf /x]/ sfd ub}{ @)$( ;fndf d'n O{sfO{ ;ldltsf] ;lrj
/ @)%! ;fn b]lv @)%$ ;fn ;Dd klg ;f]xL ljBfyL{ ;+u7gdf /x]/ sl/a ;ft jif{ ;Dd
cfkm\gf] e"ldsfnfO{ lgjf{x ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . @)%@ kmfNu'0f ! ut] hgo'4
yfngL ePsf] l7s ;ft lbg kl5 ;lxb s= kj{n nufPt pxf“s} sflxnf] / dflxnf] bfh'
;d]t u/L ltg efO{nfO{ k'ln;x?n] 3/af6} lu/km\tf/ ul/ nu]/ /f]Nkfsf] lnjfª\u
lx/f;tdf /fv]/ ;ft lbg kl5 5f]l8lbPsf lyP . ljBfyL{ ;+u7g b]lv g} pxf“sf]
g]t[Tj ug{;Sg] ;d]t Ifdtf b]lvGYof] . g]t[Tj ug{ ;Sg] vfnsf] Ifdtf eP klg Tolt
j]nf pxf“df g]t[Tjdf c?nfO{ /fv]/ ;fO{8jf6 cfkm'n] g]t[Tj ug]{ afgL lyof] .
;f]xL ;do b]lv g} pxf“n] ljBfyL{x?nfO{ /fd|f] k|efj kf/]/ sltkonfO{ ;lx d'lQm
dfu{sf] lbzf lt/ nfUg k|]l/t ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cfh y'k|} pxf“sf r]nfx?
uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] lhDd]jf/ sfo{stf{ eP/ o'4sf] cljrn
ofqfdf 8l6/xg' ePsf] 5 .
;lxb s= kj{nsf] kf6L{ / qmflGt k|lt w]/} nufgzLntf /x]sf] 5 . @)%@ ;fn
df3 dlxgfdf ;j{xf/f ju{sf] kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] kf6L{ ;b:otf k|fKt ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . hlt j]nf k|ltlqmofjfbL b'Zdgn] pxf“ dfly em'§f Hofg d'2f
nufof], ToxL j]nf b]lv g} -@)%$ ;fn df3 dlxgf b]lv_ pxf“sf] e"ldut
hLjgsf] z'?jft ePsf] lyof] . Tolt j]nf pxf“ dfly s]xL å'ljwf k}bf ePtf klg
pxf"sf] h]7f] bfh'n] ;Nnfx lbg' ePsf] lyof] æefO{ cj ltdLn] cWoognfO{
5f]8]/ k"0f{ ?kdf e"ldut eP/ kf6L{sf] sfd lt/ g} lg/Gt/tf lbg' j]z
xf]nf .Æ bfh'sf] egfO{nfO{ ;d]t pxf"n] :d/0f ug'{ eof] / sl6j4 eP/
k"0f{ ?kn] kf6L{sf] sfd k|lt e'ldut eP/ lg/Gt/tf lbb} cfpg' eof] . pxf“
;flxTo–snf If]qdf klg w]/} k|ltefzfnL x'g' x'GYof] . @)%$ ;fn h]i7 b]lv @)%%
;Dd hf=h=;= snfsf/df ;dflxt eP/ snfsf/sf] /fd|f]e'ldsf lgjf{x u/]/ hgtf ;fd'
cfkm\gf] k|ltefjnfO{ 5f8\g' ePsf] lyof] . uLt /rgfsf/ b]lv lnP/ sljtf n]Vg],
dfbn lsjf8{ h:tf jfhfufhfx? jhfpg] / clego lbg klg pxf“ l;kfn' x'g' x'GYof] .
;f]xL ;dodf pxf“n] ldlnl;of sdf08/ / ;]n ;]qm]6/Lsf] klg lhDdf ;DxfNg' ePsf]
lyof] .
hlt hlt g]kfnL hgo'4 j]ujfg ult ;+u} a9\b} lyof], Tolt Tolt pxf“ dfly
yk lhDdfx? ylkb} uP . @)%% efb| b]lv pxf“ dfly Pl/of :SjfO{8 -5fkfdf/ bn_
;xfos sdf08/sf] lhDdf ylkof] . To;sf] nuQ} u7g ePsf] ljz]if sfo{bn x'b} Knf6'gdf
;xeflu x'g' eof] . hlt hlt kf6L{n] ;}Go If]qdf tLj| ?kdf ljsf; ub}{ cfof] To;
kl5 nuQ} jg]sf] sDkgL kmd]{zg cGt/utsf] ! g+= Knf6'gdf /x]/ cfkm\gf] e'ldsfnfO{
lgjf{x ug'{ eof] . To; kl5 @)%* ;fndf lgdf{0f ePsf] :yfoL j6flnog km|d]{zg
cGt/ut æl;Æ sDklg ! g+= Knf6'gdf ;]S;g sdf08/sf] x}l;otdf /x]/ cfkm' dfly
cfPsf] lhDdfnfO{ b[9tfk"j{s sfo{Gjog ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . b'Zdg k|lt
s7f]/, 3[0ff / cfqmf]lzt efjgf k|:t't x'g] ;lxb s= kj{nn] y'k|} P]ltxfl;s
sfjf{xLx?df ;xeflutf eP/ b'Zdgn] t];f{Psf r'gf}ltx?nfO{ kf/ ub}{ ;u/dfyfsf] lx
lzv/ eGbf klg pRr / uf}/jdo ;xfbt ug'{ ePsf] 5 . @)%% ;fn d+l;/ ( ut] ;Nofgsf]
lemDk] 6fj/ b]lv lnP/ /f]Nkfsf] h]njfª, ?s'dsf] dxt, /f]Nkfsf] 3tL{ufp“,
Ko"7fgsf] le+ªu|L, ?s'dsf] ts;]/f, hfh/sf]6sf] kf“rsl6of, ?s'dsf]
?s'dsf]6, 8f]Nkfsf] b'g}, jfUn'ª\usf] lemjfvf]nf, bfª\usf] k+rs'n], /f]Nkfsf]
xf]n]/L, bfª\usf] 3f]/fxL h:tf bh{gf} P]ltxfl;s sfjf{xL tyf y'k|} dfO{lgª,
PDj';x?df ;xefuL eP/ cGtt y'k|} ;+3if{sf df]rf{x?sf] cEof; u/]/ @)%* ;fn d+l;/
@$ ut] ;Nofgsf] sk'/sf]6df zfxL ;]gf ;+usf] n8fO{sf] df]rf{df n8\bf n8\b} jL/ult
k|fKt ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . æjf:tjdf qmflGtsf/L ;]gfx?n] lj/tfsf] kl/ro Tolt j]nf
lbg' kbf]{/x]5 , hltj]nf rf}tkmL{ ;a} hl6ntfx?sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;lsof]; .Æ Tolt
j]nfsf] ;do w]/} leif0f / hl6n lyof] ,tfls kxn sbdL cfkm\gf] ks8df lng' lyof] .
cln slt klg kxn sbdL u'Dgf;fy xfdLn] 7"nf] Iflt j]xf]{g' / b'Zdg leif0f
g/;+xf/ / hgbdgdf cfpg] lglZrt lyof] . ;f]xL n8fO{sf] leif0f lg/Gt/tfs} df]rf{df
cfkm\gf] clGtd Ps yf]kf /ut lbP/ pRr lslt{dfg v8f ug'{ ePsf] 5– s= kj{nn] .
pxf“sf] zxfbtn] l;+uf] kf6L{ k+lQm, hgd'lQm ;]gf / kl/jf/hgx?nfO{ ck'/0fLo
Iflt ePsf] 5 . pxf" l;+uf] >dhLlj ju{sf] x[bosf] d'6'sf] 9's9'sL eP/ ;bf
hLjGt af“lr/xg' ePsf] 5 / af"lr/x'g x'g]5 . n8fO{df x'g] Iflt pknJwLsf]
:jefljstf / xf/ lhtsf] åGbfTds klefiffnfO{ hLjGt nfu' ug]{ xfdL dfn]dfjfbL
l;4fGtn] n}; qmflGtsf/L hgd'lQm ;]gfx?n] y'k|} lttf oyf{ytfx?nfO{ klg krfp“b}
cfPsf 5f}+ rfx] b'Zdgsf h]ndf xf];, rfx] b'Zdgsf] 3]/f jGbLdf xf];, rfx]
P]ltxfl;s d'7e]8 / jfxf{xLsf df]rf{x?df jufPsf] /ut lsg gxf]; lt dxfg\ jL/
;k'tx?n] jufPsf] /utn] b'lgof“ jbn]/} 5f8\g] 5 . pxf“sf cw'/f ;kgfx?
af“r]sfx?n] k'/f u/]/} 5f8\g]
5g\ . jfbzfx Ps lbg cjZo g} 3f]8fjf6 v:g' kg]{ 5 .
;lxb s= kj{nn] o'jfx?nfO{ emsemsfP/ hfg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“ ;w} eGg'
x'GYof] –æxfdLn] o'4df y'k|} sfjf{xLx?df w]/} ;kmntfx? xfl;n u/]sf 5f}+ .
o'4df lng' lbg' s] kf] 5 / n8fO{sf df]rf{x?df xfdL hf] sf]xL klg 9Ng ;S5f}+ .
t/, l;+uf] ;j{xf/f ju{sf] d'lQmsf] lglDt / ;lxbx?n] jufPsf] /utsf] jbnfsf] lglDt
o'jfx?sf] sf“wdf lhDdf cfPsf] 5 . To;}n] y'k|} o'jfx? nfn ;]gfdf elt{ x''g'
k5{ Æ s'g} klg qmflGtsf/L of]4f ad / jf?bsf] w'jf;+u v]Nbf ef}lts zl// 9Ng ;S5,
t/ ljrf/ slxNo} 9Nb}g . pxf“sf] ;j{xf/f ju{sf] d'lQm o'4 k|ltsf] ;dk{0f efj,
nIo k|ltsf] b[9;+slNkt ljrf/ / cfTd ljZjf;sf cfbz{do u'0fx?nfO{ xfdL
af“r]sfx?n] cfTd;ft ug}{ k5{ . lxd lzv/ eGbf klg pRr uf}/jdo d[To'j/0f ug'{
x'g] ;lxb s= kj{n cfsfzsf] rlDsnf] tf/f ;l/ hgtfsf] cfsfzdf rlDs/xg' ePsf] 5 /
;w} rlDs/xg' x'g]5 . ;lxb s= kj{n nufot d'lQm o'4sf ;Dk"0f{ dxfg\ jL/
;lxbx?sf cw'/f ;dkgfx? k'/f ug{sf] lglDt l;+uf] kf6L{ k+lQm / hgd'lQm ;]gf ;w}
tTk/ /xg] 5 . ;lxb s= kj{n nufot ;Dk"0f{ dxfg\ jL/ ;lxbx?sf kl/jf/hg / cfkmGthgx?
k|lt d+und;]g km:6 j6flnog / l;+uf] hgd'lQm ;]gf xflb{s ;+j]bgf k|s6 ub{5 .