cfTdlg0f{osf]
clwsf/sf] lglDt h'g;'s} d'No r'sfpg klg xfdL tof/ 5f}+
— uh]Gb| dxt,
k|d'v lhNnf ;+o'Qm hg ;ldlt, h'Dnf–sflnsf]6
s0ff{nL c+rnsf] ;b/d'sfd h'Dnf lhNnfsf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf x]bf{
lgtfGt yf/} o:tf JolQmTj e]l6G5g\, hf] ljljw df]8x?df klg cfkm"nfO{ ;zQm?kdf
qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf pEofO{/x]sf 5g\ . To:t} JolQmTj dWo] Ps
x'g'x'G5– s= uh]Gb| dxt . @)$@
;fn b]lv sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf k|j]z ug'{ePsf dxt g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg ;+u7g -hf] klg
g]=d=ls=kf=aGof]_df cfj4 eO{ )%! ;fndf g]=d=ls=kf= h'Dnfsf] lhNnf ;ldlt
sf]ifWoIf ;Ddsf] kbef/ ;DxfNg' eof] . hgo'4sf] yfngL kZrft g]=d=ls=kf= af6
ljb|f]x u/L g]=d=ls=kf-qmflGtsf/L_sf] ;+:yfks ;b:o ;d]t aGg' ePsf dxt )%^ ;fnaf6
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_;Fu cfj4 x'g k'Ug' eof] . ToxL a]nfb]lv ljljw txdf lhDd]jf/L
;DxfNb} cfpg' ePsf dxt clxn] h'Dnf±sflnsf]6 ;+o'Qm lhNnf hg ;ldlt k|d'vsf]
lhDdf ;DxfnL /xg' ePsf] 5 . pxfF;Fu xfd|f ;Djfbbftfn] lnPsf] cGt/jftf{sf] c+zx?
.
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at{dfg /fhg}lts cj:yf af/] eGg' t gknf{ lsgeg] cfd tKsfnfO{ hfgsf/L ePs} s'/f xf]
ls g]kfnL ;dfh s;/L cuf8L al9/x]sf] 5 . d}n} eGg' kbf{ k"/fgf] ;8]un]sf] ;Qf
vfnL ;fd|fHojfbsf] 6]sf] nufP/ dfq} afFrL/x]sf] 5 eg] hgtfsf] hg;Qf ax';+Vos
pTkL8t / ;j{xf/f au{ / cGt/fli6«o ;j{xf/f au{ Gofo k|]ld / d'lQmsfdL hgtfsf]
Gofgf] dfofn] x/kn / x/ 38Ldf ;'b[9 / dha't aGb} uPsf] 5 . oltg} a]nf hgtfsf]
d'lQmaf6 8/fP/ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] jftf{sf] gfddf cfd hgtfnfO{ u'd/fxdf
kfg]{, sdhf]/ agfpg] if8\oGqdf nfuL k/]sf] -h;sf] of]hgf ;fd|fHojfbn] agfPsf]_ /
of] if8\oGqnfO{ w'hf w'hf kfg{ cfd Gofo k|]dL / d'lQmsfdL hgtf ljb|f]xdf hfg tof/
ePsf] cj:yf s;}sf] cfFvfaf6 l5k]sf] 5}g . hxfF;Dd ;Qf aflx/ a;]sf t/ k"/fgf]
;QfnfO{ arfO{ /fVg d2t k"¥ofO/x]sf ;+;bLo kf6L{sf] cj:yf 5 pgLx?sf] gf+uf]
/ e2f rl/q xfn cfP/ emg} k|i6 9+un] hgtfn] a'em\g kfPsf 5g\ . b]z / hgtf k|lt
k6Ss} u+eL/ gag]sf vfnL JolQmut / bnut :jfy{df lnKt ag]sf] s'/f klg 5n{Ë} 5 .
oL ;a} /fhg}lts ;d:ofsf] lgsf; Ps dfq kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ ag]sf] 5 . g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n]
cufl8 ;f/]sf] sfo{gLlts of]hgf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;ef g}
jt{dfg cj:yfdf /fhg}lts xn xf] eGg] s'/f ;a}n] af]w ul/;s]sf] s'/f xf] .
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lhNnfsf] ;du| j:t'l:yltaf/] k|i6 kf/L lbg' x'G5 sL <
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ef}uf]lns M– h'Dnf ;b/d'sfd / sfnLsf]6 ;b/d'sfd ;lxt $# j6f uf=h=;= ldn]/ -h'Dnf
±sflnsf]6_ ag]sf] pRr kxf8L If]q xf] .
/fhg}lts
M– k"/fgf] ;Qf vfnL ahf/df dfq} ;Lldt /x]sf], cGo ;+;bLo kf6L{ hgtfaf6
gf+uLP/ ahf/df k"/fgf] ;Qfsf] h'7f]k'/f] vfP/} k"/fgf] ;Qfsf] ;]jf rfs/L
ul//fv]sf] . ufFpdf hgtfn] cfˆg} c•f, cbfnt v8f u/]sf], cfˆg} ;'/Iff ljefu
v8f u/]sf], cfˆg} 9+uaf6 lzIff :jf:Yosf] ljsf; u/]sf] / ljsf; lgdf{0fdf cfˆg}
jnj'tf] nufPsf] cj:yf xf] .
cfly{s
M– hgtfn] k"/fgf] ;QfnfO{ s'g}klg lsl;dsf s/ lbg 5f]8L ;s]sf 5g\ . vfnL
ahf/ leq dfq s/sf] sf/f]jf/ rN5 eg] ufFpdf ;a} lsl;dsf prLt s/x? hgtfn] cfˆgf]
hg;Qfdf hDdf u/]sf] cj:yf xf] .
k|;:t
dfqfdf cfo >f]tsf ;fwgx? x'bf x'b} klg ufFp 5f8\g / ljb];Lg afWo kfl//x]sf]
k"/fgf] ;Qfn] tTsfn cfP/ hg;Qf ;'b[9 aGb} uPkl5 ;a}df gofF cfzf knfPsf] 5 .
k|lts[ofjfbL ;Qfsf sxL n'sLrf]/L nfu' ul/Psf of]hgf afx]s e|i6frf/df lnKt ePsf
s'g} klg of]hgfx?nfO{ hgtfn] alx:sf/ ul/lbPsf 5g\ .
hg;Qf
cfTd lge{/ aGgnfO{ :yfgLo >f]t ;fwgaf6 ;+rfng x'g] pBf]ux? ;+rfng ug{df cWog
cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf] 5 eg] ToxfFsf] ef}uf]lns cj:yf x]/L s:tf] lsl;dsf] v]tLkftL,
kmnkm"n v]tL, t/sf/L v]tL ug]{ eGg] af/]df klg cWog u/L /fv]sf] 5 .
;fdflhs
;fF:s[lts M– ;fdflhs ;fF:s[lts ?kdf ;qf}+, c7f/f}+ ztfAbLdf /x]sf] xfd|f]
lhNnf cfh cfP/ k"/fgf cgfjZos / ?9LjfbL ;F:s[ltnfO{ clwsf+; hgtfn] 5f]8]/
hgjfbL ;F:s[ltsf] ;'?jft u/]sf 5g\ . 5'jf5't tyf hftLo e]befj s/La s/La cGt ePsf]
5 . 5'O{ k|yf klg u'0ffTds 9+uaf6 cGt ePsf] 5 . ;a}n] lzIff cfh{g u'g{ k5{ eGg]
efjgf / r]tgfsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . ax'ljjfx, hf/L k|yf, jfn ljjxf sl/a sl/a cGt
ePsf] 5 . rf]/L, hfF8, /S;L, h'jftf; /f]lsPsf] 5 . Psn] csf]{nfO{ x]Kg],
7"nf] hftLn] ;fgf]nfO{ x]Kg], cfkm" cfkm"df d'2f dfdLnf ug]{ h:tf
;a} vfnsf 3[l0ft sfo{x? /f]lsPsf 5g\ .
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lhNnfsf] cGo /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] cj:yf / l:yltaf/] atfO{ lbg'xf];\ g<
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cGo kf6L{sf] cl:tTj Toltv]/ lyof] hltv]/ hgo'4 z'? ePsf] lyPg Tolta]nf t pgLx?
nf6f b]zsf ufF8f tGg]/L em}+lyP . ljrf/fx? Û cfhsn t s:n] k'5Llbg] . ePsf]
afFsL cl:tTj klg ahf/df a;]/ hgtfsf] /sd x;'g{ / hgtfnfO{ dfg{ nfO{ ;+s6sfn
3f]if0ff ug{ cufl8 ;/]af6 t emg} gf+luP . Toltdfq}n] sxf k'Uof] / hgtfsf lj?4
l;=cfO{=8L ;d]t u/] . hgtfsf] xftsf] aGb's vf];]/ ;]gf k'ln;nfO{ a'emfP . cfh
cfP/ t emg} gf+luP . lsg eg] Psflt/ nfdf] u[xo"4 ;dfKt kfg{
dfcf]jfbLjftf{df cfP eg] pgLx? aftf{sf lj?4 if8oGq ug{ nflu k/] . o:tf y'k|} sf/0fn]
cGo kf6L{sf] cl:tTj ufFpdf 5b} 5}g . ;b/d'sfddf eg] ;]gf / k'ln; k|zf;gsf] e/df
lemgf] dfqfdf
b]lvG5g\ .
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tkfO{sf] lhNnfdf hg;Qfsf gd'gf sfo{x? s] s] ePsf 5g\ <
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xfd|f] lhNnf hg;Qfsf gd'gf sfo{x? w]/} ePsf 5g\ – h:tf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf Ps ufp
af6 csf]{ ufFp hfg] af6fx? ag]sf , :yfgLo >f]t ;fwgaf6 bh{gf} k'nx? ag]sf 5g\
. hg;Qfaf6} vfg]kfgLsf] dd{t / lgdf{0f bh{gf} ufFpdf ePsf 5g\ . xfd|} 8fS6/af6 :jf:Yo
lzlj/x? rn]sf 5g\ . ;xsf/L d]8Lsn rn]sf 5g\ . ;Qf af6} c:ktfn ag]sf] 5 . ;Qfsf
k|ltlglwx?sf] a}7s ug]{ b'O{ 9fO{ ;o hgf c6fpg] xnx? ag]sf 5g\ . ;a} ufFpdf
aGb}5g\ . ufpF3/ ;kmf /fVg sld6Lx? ag]sf 5g\ .
lg/If/ hgtfnfO {;fIf/agfpg w]/} ufFpdf /fqL / km';{tsf ;dosf k9fOx?
z'?ePsf 5g . :yfgLo >f]t ;fwgaf6 rNg] lrK;, rfprfp bfndf]7, emf]nf, rs, ;n,
pgL k+hf,:jL6/sf pBf][ux? ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 hg;Qfs} kxnaf6 ufpd alQ aflnPsf] 5 eg]
c? w]/} ufFpdf z'?jft ul/Psf] 5 . hg;Qfn] ufFpdf /x]/ ;a} d'2f / ;d:ofx?nfO{
cfkm}n] xn u/]sf 5g\ . Zjf:Yo sdL{x? pTkfbg ul/Psf 5g\ , k|fylds pkrf/sf] nflu
hgtfnO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] k|;:t sfo{ ePsf 5g\ . s]xL ;do kl5 xfdL xfd|f] hg;Qfaf6
eP u/]sf sfd b]vfpg ;a}nfO{ lgDTofpb} klg 5f}+ .
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s0ff{nLsf] d'lQm s;/L x'G5 eGg] 7fGg' ePsf] 5 t <
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s0ff{nLsf] d'lQm Toltv]/ dfq} x'G5 hj;Dd of] s]Gb|Lo /fHo;Qfsf] nufd nfO{
r'8fNb}g . g]kfn clw/fHosf] PsLs/0fs} a]nf s0ff{nLsf] /fHon] k[YjL gf/fo0f zfxsf]
kmf}hnfO{ xfonsfon kf/]sf lyP . of] /fHonfO{ ufEg lgs} d'No r'Stf ug'{ k¥of] .
h;sf] sf/0f klg of] /fHo;Qfsf gfOs]x?n] k'/fgf] OZof{ /fv]sf 5g\ . h;sf] sf/0f
klg xfd|f If]q lk5l8Psf] 5 . of] nufd nfO{ r'8fNg jf l;+uf] s0ff{nL cfTd
lg0f{osf] clwsf/sf] lgldQ h:tf] ;'s} d'No r'sfpg klg tof/ x''g k5{ / cfTd
lg0f{osf] clwsf/sf] Uof/]06L ug]{ kf6L{ / ;QfnfO lbnf]Hffgsf ;fy ;xof]u ug{' k5{
. h;sf] Uof/]06L g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{ / ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifbn] g]kfnn]
lnPsf] 5 . xf]Og eg] efif0fsf e/n] s0ff{nLsf] d'lQm x'g ;Sb}g
. cfh ;Ddsf slyt g]tf egfpbf x?n] s0ff{nL lsg kl5 k¥of] eGg] u'bL s'/f
e]§fpg ;s]sf5}gg\ . s0ff{nLsf] cfjfh ;'gfpg] gfddf cfkm}n] ljleGg 9+uaf6
a|Xdn'6 u/L wgf9\o aGg] sfd ePsf] 5 . oL ;a} s'/f s0ff{nLsf hgtfn] a'emg' k5{ /
ljb|f]xdf [pqg' k5{ . clg dfq d'lQm ;+ej 5 . s;}sf] bofn] s0ff{nL d'lQm xf]nf
eGg' lbjf ;kgf dfq} x]f .
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tkfO{x?n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] hg;Qf Wj+; ug{ ;fd|fHojfbLx? leif0f /0fgLltsf ;fy
nfu]sf 5g\ . To;sf] /Iff / ljsf; s;/L ug{ ;Sg' x'G5 t <
@hgtfsf]
hg;Qf Wj+;ug'{ ;fd|fHojfbsf] wd{ xf] eg] hg;Qfsf] /Iff / ljsf; ug'{ hgtfsf]
sft{Aosf] s'/f xf] . hxfF ;Dd s;/L ug]{ eGg] ljifo 5 To;df ufx|f]sf] ljifo 5}g .
lsgeg] ;fd|Hojfbn] hgtfnfO{ x/fPsf] Oltxf; 5}g . Ifl0fs ;dosf] nflu x/fPsf]
xf]nf :yfoL?kn] ;s]sf] Oltxf; 5}g . vfln cfkm\gf k'/fgf gf]s/nfO{ Wj+; u5{ /
gofF gf]s/ v8f u5{ . k|df0fsf?kdf xfdL s;/L /Iff / ljsf; u5f}{ t eGbf xfd|f]
hgtf;Fu nfdf] ;+3if{sf] cg'ej 5, xfd|} cfkm\gf] hgd'lQm ;]gf 5, xfd|f] cfkm\g}
df}lns ljrf/ k|r08ky / k|r08kysf] gofF ljrf/ -PSsfO;f} ztfAbLsf] hgafb_n]
;fd|fHojfb ;+usf] clwsf+; n8fO{ cfkm} nl8 Eofpg] 5 eg] yf]/} sfd xfdLn] /
xfd|f] hgtfn] kmQ] ug'{ kg]{ 5 . ;fd|fHojfb sf] xf] < s;/L cfp5 / To;sf] d[To'
sxfF 5 ;f] xfdLnfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 .
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hg;Qf lgdf{0f / ;~rfng s;/L ePsf] 5 eGg] b]vfpgnfO{ xfdLn] eg]/ x'b}g tkfO{x?
cfkm} cfP/ x]g{ ;Sg' x'G5 . xfd|f] k|ltlqmofjfbL x?sf] h:tf] egf} jf k'0f{
k|hftGq eGg] ef/tsf] jf ljxf/L ;}nLsf]
egf} jf cGo klZrdL z}nLsf] k|hftGqeGbf cfsf; kftfnsf] km/s 5 . PSsfO;f}+ ;tfAbLsf]
hgjfbsf] gd'gf xfdLn] xfd|f] hg;Qf lgdf{0f / ;~rfngdf b]vfPsf 5f} . o;sf oy]i6
k|df0fx? tkfO{ cfkm}n] b]Vg ;Sg' x'G5 . ;f+u'/f] e"uf]n, b'Zdgsf]
ld8Lofaf6, k|lts[ofjfbL kf6L{sf] e|d, slyt sDo'lgi6 egfpbf kf6L{ / ev{/} ag]sf
hg;Qfsf sf/0f s]xL ;d:of klg 5g\ .
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hg ;Qf ;+rfng k"j{ / xfnsf] cGt/af/] s]xL atfO{ lbg' x'G5 sL <
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hg;Qf ;~rfng k"j{af/]sf syf Aoyfx? eGg' kbf{ tkfO{sf] klqsfdf c6fpb}g . lsg
eg] xfd|f hgtfsf Aoyfx? olt w]/} 5g\ ;f] n]v]/ ;fWo g} 5}g . olt dfq a'em\bf
sfkmL xf]nf ls cToGt} w]/} bjfasf sf/0f xfd|f] s0ff{nL / xfd|f] lhNnf lj:kmf]6
ePsf] 5 . h'g kL8fnfO{ s;/L sd ug]{ eGg] af/] xfd|f] hg;QfnfO{ r'gf}tLsf] ljifo
ag]sf 5 . t/ klg xfdL / xfd|f] hgtf
ljZjf:t 5f}+ . hxfF ;Dd hg;Qf lgdf{0f kZrftsf] s'/f 5 To;sf] JofVof eO{;s]sf] 5
.
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cfufdL lbgdf s;/L cufl8 a9\g] ;f]r ug'{ ePsf] 5 t <
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;f]r
t w]/} 5g\ . lgs} k5fl8 k/]sf] lhNnf / oxfFsf] hgtfnfO{
s;/L PSsfO;f} ztfAbLsf] lhNnf / hgtf agfpg] eGg] af/] cfTd}af6 lrGtf
lnPsf 5f} . x'gt xfdL dfq} PSnf] 5}gf}+, oqf] hgtf 5g\ , olt w]/} ;Qfsf k|ltlglw
5g\ lhNnfnfO{ gofF ljrf/ lbg] cfTdlge{/ cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug{], z}lIfs :t/ a[l4 ug],{
lhNnfsf] ;a} vfn] >f]t ;fwgsf] ljsf; / pkof]u ug]{ , ef/tsf] sfnf kxf8 hfg]
qmdnfO{ /f]Sg /f]huf/ lbg], gofF ;+:s[ltnfO{ cem} ;'b[9 ugz]{, oftfoft, pBf]u
wGbf / snsf/vfgfsf] ljsf; ug]{, hgtfnfO{ :j:y agfpg] 5f]6s/Ldf eGg' kbf{ cfufdL
lbgdf au{ ;+3if{nfO{ k]+rLnf] agfpg] / ;a} s'/fdf ;Qf / hgtfnfO{ cfTd lge{/
agfpg] ;f]+r lnPsf 5f}+ .
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c?nfO{ hg;Qfaf/] s] ;Gb]z lbg'x'G5 <
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;Gb]z
eGbf klg ;fFrf] / oyfy{ lbg rfxG5f}+ t/ clnslt ;do k'u]sf] 5}g t/ tTsfn eGg' kbf{
hg;Qf hgtfsf] y'k}| /ut / kl;gf, nfdf] kL8f, cufw :g]x / dfof, Ps Ps cGgsf]
bfgfjf6 k|fKt ePsf] xf] . hg ;Qf k|lt hgtfsf] cf}wL dfof klg 5 . of] hg;QfnfO{
ljsf; / /Iff ug{ hgtf cem} 7"nf] Tofu ug{ tof/ 5g\ . csf]{lt/ hgtf ;;+lst
klg Tolts} 5g\ lsgeg] g]tfx?n] of] pknAwLnfO{ s;/L u|x0f ug]{ x'g eg]/ . o;} s'/fdf
d s] ;+b]z lbg rfxG5' eg] hg;Qfsf k|ltlglwx?n] hgtfsf] OR5f / rfxgf dfly s'7f/f3ft gu?g .
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cGtdf s]xL 5 ls <
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;Dk"0f{
hgtfnfO{ tkfO{sf] nf]slk|o klqsf dfkm{t s] eGg rfxfG5' eg] xfdLnfO{, xfd|f] ;QfnfO{
/ xfd|f] kf6L{nfO{ lxhf]sf] cfFvfn] gx]/L dtna lxhf]s} g]tf, lxhf]s} ;Qf, lxhf]s}
sDo"lgi6 egfpbf kf6L{ jf cGo kf6L{ nfO{ x]g{ cfFvfn] gx]/L xfd|f] Tofu
tk:of, alnbfg / xfd|f] cfhsf] Aojxf/af6 x]l/lbg' x'g]5.