g]kfnL hgo'4 / cGt//fli6«o df]rf{

g]kfnL hgo'4 / cGt//fli6«o df]rf{

—uf}/j

g]kfnsf] dxfg\ hgo'4n] cfkm\gf uf}/jzfnL & aif{ k"/f ub}{5 / cfufdL kmfNu'0f ! ut] g]kfnL hgtfn] w'dwfdsf ;fy ;ftf}+ jflif{sf]T;j dgfp“b} 5g\\ . b]zsf] ljzfn u|fld0f Onfsf d'tm e} ;s]sf] 5 / hgtfn] gof“ hg;Qfsf] lgjf{w cEof; ul//x]sf 5g\\ . g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} k|yd k6s hlGdPsf] of] ee{/fp“bf] hg;Qfn] g]kfnL w/tLdf k|yd k6s zf]if0f plTk8gsf ;a} ?kx?sf] cGTo u/]/ hgtfnfO{ ;Rrf cy{df d'tm, :jtGq / clwsf/ ;DkGg u/fPsf] 5 . gof“ hgjfbL g]kfnsf] :yfkgfsf nflu dxfg\ g]kfnL hgtfsf ;jf]{Qd 5f]/f 5f]/Lx? xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tjdf jL/tfsf gof“ gof“ sLlt{dfgx? sfod ub}{ o'4 d}bfgdf 8l6/x]sf 5g\\ . g]kfnsf] Oltxf;d} klxnf] k6s g]kfnL hgtfn] ;fDojfbsf] dxfg\ cfbz{åf/f clek|]l/t, ju{ ;+3if{sf] e6\6Ldf vfl/Psf] / hgtfsf] lgldQ ;dlk{t hgd'ltm ;]gfn] ef8fsf 66\6" zfxL ;]gfnfO{ o'4 d}bfgdf w'nf] r6fPsf] ;g\;gLk"0f{ / jL/tfk"0f{ 36gfx?nfO{ glhs}af6 lgofNg] cj;/x? k|fKt ul//x]sf 5g\\ .

b'O{ s/f]8 tL;nfv g]kfnL hgtfn] a;f]af; ug]{ of] ;'Gb/ b]z g]kfndf tLa| a]udf cl3 al9/x]sf] dxfg\ hgsflGtn] g]kfnsf]
sl/j 8]9 nfv ju{ lsnf] ld6/sf] If]qkmnnfO{ gf3]/ ljZjs} l;dfdf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 / cfkm" h:t} s/f]8f}+ zf]lift pTkLl8t hgtfsf] Gofgf] ;xof]u / ;dy{g xfl;n u/]/ of] g]kfnL gof“ hgjfbL qmflGtn] ljZj ;j{xf/f qmflGtsf] cleGg c+u ePsf] zfgbf/ ?kdf k'li6 ul//x]sf] 5 .

s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhfsf] lgs6 k'u]sf] t/ sAhf eg] ul/ g;s]sf] g]kfnL hgo'4sf] cfufdL ;do s:tf] xf]nf < qmflGtsf/L zlQmsf] ljhosf] nx/af6 pT;flxt hgtf Psflt/ lgs6 eljZod} qmflGt ljhoL xf]nf ls < eGg] cfzf ul//x]sf 5g\\ eg] csf{ lt/ ;+;f/s} k|ltqmflGtsf/L hNnfbx?sf] gfOs] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] ljgfzsf/L xltof/sf] / kmf}hL zlQmsf] k|of]usf] l3gnfUbf] wDsL / To;sf] g]kfnL s's'/x?sf] lbg lbg}sf] ljeT; xTofsf] z[ª\vnf / ltgsf bnfnx?sf] sk6 / hfn;f+hLnfO{ x]bf{ st} of] qmflGtn] 7"nf] g/;+xf/sf] ;fdgf ug'{ kg]{ / qmflGtsf] ljhodf t';f/fkft x'g] t xf]Og< eGg] cfz+sf klg pTkGg e} /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hg qmflGtsf] ljlzi6 l:yltdf of] k|Zg o; k|sf/ pkl:yt x'g' :jefljs xf] . g]kfnL hgjfbL qmflGt ljZj qmflGtsf] Ps cleGg c+u ePsf]n] qmflGtsf] ljhodf k|efj kfg]{ cGt//fli6«o kIfaf/] 5nkmn ug'{ / ;xL gLlt to ug'{ cfjZos / dxTjk"0f{ b'a} 5 . h;/L g]kfnL hg qmflGtsf b'Zdgx? cfkm\gf] dflns cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / To;sf dltof/x? dfkm{t\ g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ æcftª\sjfbÆsf] laNnf le/fOlbP/ hg;+xf/sf] tof/L ul//x]sf 5g\\, To;nfO{ k/flht ug{ xfdL klg xfd|} ju{ ;+u Psfsf/ eP/ æd'lQm ;+3if{ cftª\sjfb x'g ;Sb}g vj/bf/ g]kfndf xft gxfnÆ eGg] gf/f 3GsfP/ b'Zdgsf lj?4 cGt//fli6«o df]rf{df klg nl8/x]sf 5f}+ . of] df]rf{df b'ZdgnfO{ k/flht gu/L lg0ff{os ljho xfl;n ug{ klg ;lsGg . k|:t't n]v of] df]rf{sf] ljifodf g} d'ntM s]lGb|t /xg]5 .

of] r/0fdf cGt//fli6«o ;dy{gsf] dxTj

g]kfnL hgo'4n] /0fg}lts /Iffsf] r/0f k"/f ul/;s]sf] 5 / /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/L otLv]/ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0f lt/ pGd'v 5 . o;} aif{ h'g dlxgfdf a;]sf] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7sn] cWoIf s=
k|r08åf/f k|:t't /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngaf6 /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] ;+qmd0fsf] of]hgf Psdtn] kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . To;sf/0f hgo'4sf] ljsf;sf] of] l:yltdf o;df /0fg}lts ;Gt'ng Pjd\ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0f b'a}sf s]xL ljz]iftfx? ljBdfg 5g\\ . o;df /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf ljz]iftf a9L 5g\\ . qmflGtsf/L zlQmn] b]zsf ljleGg efudf :yfoL Pjd\ c:yfoL cfwf/Onfsf :yflkt u/L s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhf ug]{ tTsflns nIf agfpg' t/ s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhf ul/xfNg] l:ylt e}gxfNg' / k|ltqmflGtsf/L zlQm k"/fgf] ;Qf ;+rfng ug{ / qmflGtsf/L zlQmnfO{ k/flht ug{ c;dy{ x'g', cfkm\gf] cfGtl/s zlQmn] qmflGtsf/L zlQm / hgtfsf] ;fdgf ug{ g;Sg' / ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbL zlQmsf] z/0f kg'{ / ljb]zL zlQmsf] x:tIf]kåf/f cfkm\gf] k|ltlsofjfbL ;Qf l6sfpg] s;/tdf xTof, g/;+xf/, hgclwsf/dfly anfTsf/, cfly{s lbjflnofkg / r/d ;+s6 k}bf u/fpg', of] l:ylt /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngaf6 cl3 a9]sf] / /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] ;+qmd0fsf] l:ylt xf] . To;sf/0f, of] l:yltdf, s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhf ug]{ / To;sf] lgldQ ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] tof/L ug]{ kf6L{sf] gLltsf] cf}lrTotf /fd|f] ;+u k'li6 x'G5 .

hgo'4sf] of] l:yltnfO{ dfcf]n] w]/} g} dxTjk"0f{ atfpg' ePsf] 5 . dfcf]n] rLgdf ;DkGg dxfg\ hgo'4sf] of] r/0fnfO{ /+ud+rdf v]lng] tLg b[Zosf] gf6ssf] bf]>f]] b[Zo ;+u t'ngf ub}{ clGtd b[Zosf] lgldQ o;sf] Hofb} 7"nf] dxTj x'g] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . dfcf] eGg' x'G5M ætLg b[Zo ePsf] rLgsf] k|lt/f]w o'4sf] of] bf]>f] b[Zo x'g]5 . Pjd\ ;du| k|:t'ltsf] k|oTgåf/f ;j{>]i7 clGtd b[Zo k|bz{g ug'{ ;+ej x'g]5 .Æ -x]g'{xf];\ dfcf]–æbL3{sfnLg hgo'4 af/]Æ_ .

hgo'4sf] of] r/0fdf zlQm ;Gt'ng Pjd\ cGt//fli6«o kl/l:yltdf cfpg] kl/jt{gsf] ef/L dxTj x'g] Pjd\ of] r/0fsf] ;dofjlwnfO{;d]t lgwf{/0f ug]{ s'/f dfcf]n] :ki6 ug'{ ePsf] 5 . dfcf] eGg' x'G5 M æof] r/0fsf] cjwL xfdL / b'Zdgsf aLrsf] zlQm ;Gt'ngdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gsf] dfqfdf tyf cGt//fli6«o kl/l:yltdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gdf lge{/ ub{5, ;fdfGotof of] r/0fnfO{ xfdLn] ck]Iffs[t nfdf] ;do lng ;Sg] / sl7gfO{x? kf/ ug{ ;lsg] ?kdf lng tof/ x'g' kb{5 .Æ -x]g'{xf];\–pxL_ . dfcf]n] hfkfgL cfqmd0fsf ;Gbe{df TotLv]/sf] kl/l:yltsf] ;fk]Iftfdf h'g s'/f eGg' eof] Tof] h:tfsf] t:t} jt{dfg g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df nfu" x'g t ;Sb}g t/ To;sf] ;fdfGo lgod g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df klg nfu" x'g] s'/fdf s'g} ;Gb]x 5}g .of] s'/f lglZrt xf] ls ju{;+3if{n] ;QfnfO{ r'gf}tL lbO{ g;s]sf] jf ;Qf sAhf ul/xfNg] l:yltdf gk'lu;s]sf] l:ylt Pjd\ s]Gb|Lo ;Qf g} sAhf ug]{ cj:yf lt/ pGd'v ePsf] l:yltnfO{ qmflGtsf 3/]n' / cGt//fli6«o b'Zdgx?n] u'0ffTds ?kdf g} leGg ?kdf
lnG5g\\ . cfh g]kfn h:tf] blIf0f Plzofsf] ;fgf] b]zdf ljsl;t qmflGt cd]l/sL, a[l6z ;fd|fHojfbnfO{ lsg otL 7"nf] cf“vfsf] sl;+u/ ag]sf] 5 / ltgLx? b/jf/ xTofsf08 b]lv lnP/ clxn] ;Ddsf ;a} hg3flt / /fi6«3flt x/stdf ;+nUg e} /x]sf 5g\\< lsgeg] g]kfnL hgqmlGtsf] cGt//fli6«o k|efj / dxTjnfO{ ltgLx?n] a'em]sf 5g\\ . To;sf/0f ;Qfsf] k|ToIf n8fO{+sf] cj:yfdf cGt//fli6«o ;dy{g, ;xof]u / Psh'6tfsf] w]/} 7"nf] dxTj x'G5 / of] dxTjnfO{ a'em\g ;lsPg eg] ;Qfsf] clGtd n8fO{+df qmflGtsf] ljho cToGt sl7g jf c;+ej x'G5 . xfd|f] hgo'4n] t]>f] r/0fdf ljsf; ug'{ clgjfo{ 5 / kf6L{n] of]hgfj4 ?kdf To;sf] tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 . Tof] tof/L leq kf6L{sf] cGt//fli6«o k|rf/, ;dy{g Pjd\ ;xof]usf] tof/L klg kb{5 . qmflGt ;kmn x'gsf nflu cfqmfds ;fd|fHojfbL jf lj:tf/jfbL b]z leq} Toxf“sf] zfifs ju{ / ;Qf la/f]wL ;+3if{sf] klg 7"nf] dxTj x'G5 . hgo'4sf] t]>f] r/0fdf cGt//fli6«o sfo{ef/ af/] cem :ki6 x'gsf nflu rLgLof“ gof“ hgjfbL qmflGtsf ;Gbe{df dfcf]sf oL ;f/ule{t syg xfd|f nflu klg dxTjk"0f{ 5g\\ / ltgnfO{ dgg ug'{ h?/L 5, dfcf] eGg' x'G5M æt/ rLgsf] zlQm dfq kof{Kt x'g] 5}g, / xfdLn] cGt//fli6«o zlQmx?sf] ;dy{g / hfkfg leq cfpg] kl/jt{gdfly klg e/ kg'{ kb{5 cGoyf xfdLn] ljho xfl;n ug{ ;Sg] 5}gf}+, o;n] cGt//fli6«o k|rf/ / s'6gLltdf rLgsf] sfo{ef/nfO{ yk ub{5 .Æ -x]g'{xf];\–pxL_

;kmn qmflGt / ljZjo'4

cfh;Dd klg ;+;f/sf dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?n] ;kmn dxfg\ ;j{xf/f qmflGtsf ?kdf ;g\ !(!& sf] ?;L qmflGt Pjd\ ;g\ !($( sf] rLgLof“ qmflGtnfO{ cg's/0fLo pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf lng] ub{5g\\ / Tof] ;xL xf] . cfh eGbf w]/} aif{ cl3 ;DkGg tL qmflGtsf ;dodf ljBdfg ;a} ljz]iftfx? otL v]/ ;DkGg x'g] qmflGtsf nflu klg clgjfo{ 7fGg' rflx+ ?l9jfb xf] . Oltxf;sf] k'g/fj[lQ x'g ;Sb}g / TotLv]/sf] kl/l:ylt clxn] kms]{/ cfpg ;Sb}g . Tof] ljlzi6 kl/l:ylt eg]sf] ljZjo'4sf] kl/l:ylt xf] . of] s'/f ;To xf] ls clxn] ljZjo'4 e} xfn]sf] 5}g . of] l:ylt ?;L / rLgLof“ qmflGt eGbf leGg 5 . t/ qmflGt ;kmn x'gsf nflu ljZjo'4sf] k|ltIff s'g} klg ;Rrf dfcf]jfbLn] ug{ ;Sb}g .

of] s'/f lglZrt xf] ls k|yd ljZjo'4sf bf}/fgdf ?; leq / cGt/fli6««o :t/df b]vf k/]sf] / k}bf ePsf] r/d cGt/lj/f]w / ;+s6nfO{ dWo] gh/ ub}{ n]lggsf] g]t[Tjdf jf]Nz]ljs kf6L{n] ;xL gLlt lgdf{0f u¥of] / ljZjsf] Oltxf;df k|yd ;j{xf/f qmflGt ;kmn eof] / k|yd ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfn] o; w/tLdf hGd lnof] . t/ To;} ljZj qmflGtsf a]nf hd{gLsf] alnof] kf6L{n] eg] ub\bf/ sfplT:ssf] unt gLltsf] lzsf/ ePsf sf/0f qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ t s'/} 5f8f}+ k"0f{ ktgsf]] lbzf ;dfTof] . hd{g ;fdflhs hgjfbL leqsf qmflGtsf/L g]tfx? h:t}– sfn{ lnAg]Vt, /f]hf nSh]Dju{ cflbn] k|of; t u/] t/ ;kmn x'g ;s]gg\ o;/L k|yd ljZjo'4af6 ?; / hd{gLdf b'O{ ljkl/t kl/0ffdx? k}bf eP .

of] s'/f klg ;To xf] ls TotLv]/ rLg ;+u o'4/t hfkfg, ;dfhjfbL ?;;d]tsf] kmfl;jfb lj/f]wL df]rf{sf] lj?4 hd{gLsf] df]rf{df ;fd]n lyof] / To;sf] k"0f{ k/fho ePsf] lyof] . Tof] o'4sf] ljlzi6 kl/l:yltnfO{ dWo] gh/ ub}{ dfcf]sf] g]t[Tjdf rLgLof“ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] ;xL /0fgLlt / sfo{gLlt lgdf{0f ug{ ;kmn ePsf] sf/0fn] g} ljzfn rLgdf gof“ hgjfbL qmflGt ;kmn eof] . t/ Plzofs} cfsf]{ 7"nf] b]z ef/tsf] kf6L{ ;+zf]wgjfbL ef;df efl:;Psf] sf/0f hgtfdf a[l6z ;fd|fHojfb lj/f]wL efjgf k|jn x'“bf x'+b} klg ef/tdf qmflGt x'g ;s]g o; k|sf/, Plzof dxfb]zsf b'O{ ljzfn b]zdf bf]>f] ljZjo'4sf bf}/fg b'O{ ljkl/t kl/0ffdx? b]vf k/] . To;sf/0f, ;kmn qmflGtsf nflu ljZjo'4 rflxG5 eGg] egfO{ unt ePsf] s'/f :ki6 x'G5 .

cfh klg o'4sf afbn d8fl/O{ /x]sf 5g\\ . xltof/, kmf}hL zlQm / wgn] d} dQ ePsf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] ckmuflg:tfg sAhf ul/;s] kl5 ca O/fs sAhf ug]{ bfp x]l/ /x]sf] 5 . O/fsdfly cd]l/sfn] cfqmd0f ug]{ b':;fx; ul/xfNof] eg] To; kZrft k}bf x'g] kl/l:yltnfO{ dWo] gh/ ub}{ xfd|f] kf6L{n] ;xL gLlt to u/L g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ cl3 a9fpg]5+ . of] ;+efljt o'4 ePg eg] klg xfd|f] hgo'4 cufl8 a9\g]5 . b'a} cj:yfdf, df=n]=df=/ k|r08kysf cfwf/df xfdLn] ;xL gLlt to ug]{5f}+ eGg] s'/fdf ;Gb]x 5}g .

afx\o ;dy{gsf] k|Zg

g]kfnL hgjfbL qmflGt ljZj ;dfhjfbL qmflGtsf] Ps cleGg cª\u ePsf]n] o;n] ljZjsf ;a} sDo'lgi6 kf6L{, sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng, /fli6«o d'lQm cfGbf]ng / ;+;f/sf ;a} zf]lift, pTkLl8t hgtfsf] ;dy{g k|fKt ug'{ o;sf] clwsf/ xf] . dfcf]sf] d[To' kZrft\ rLgdf ePsf] k|ltqmflGt kl5 To; eGbf cl3 / kl5 ePsf k|ltqmflGtsf 36gfx?sf] kl/0ffd:j?k ;+;f/df k'gM o:tf] b'ef{Uok"0f{ l:ylt k}bf eof] ls ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{ k'gM ;Qf ljxLg x'g k'Uof] / ljZj ;dfhjfbL SofDk w/f;foL eof] . To; kl5 x'g] s'g} klg ;j{xf/f qmflGt jf /fli6«o d'lQm cfGbf]ng ;dfhjfbL /fi6«af6 kfpg] ;a} k|sf/sf ;dy{g / ;xof]uaf6 j+lrt x'g] l:ylt k}bf eP klg ;j{xf/f ju{n] of] k/fhonfO{ clGtd k/fho :jLsf/ ug{ c:jLsf/ u¥of] . æHjf/ ef6fsf lj?4 hfg' dfS;{jfb xf]Æ eGg] dfcf]sf] sygnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ ljleGg b]zsf ;j{xf/f ju{ Pjd\ zff]lift, pTkLl8t ju{sf k|ltlglwx? /fli6«o Pjd\ cGt//fli6«o :t/df qmflGtnfO{ lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVg] c7f]6sf ;fy cl3 a9] . ;g\ !(*$df u7g ePsf] qmflGtsf/L cGt//fli6«otfjfbL cfGbf]ng -l/d_ (RIM) o;}sf] Pp6f hLjGt pbfx/0f xf] . xfd|f] kf6L{ ;j{xf/f ju{sf log} cu|b:tf dWo]sf] cufl8 a9]sf] cu|b:tf xf] .

rLgLof“ qmflGtn] h;/L :tflngn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] ;dfhjfbL ?; / ;dfhjfbL SofDkaf6 ;xof]u / ;dy{g k|fKt u/]sf] lyof], clxn] x'g] s'g} klg qmflGtn] To; k|sf/sf] ;xof]u k|fKt ug{ ;+ej 5}g . To;}n] klg @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] k|f/Dedf xfdLn] ;DkGg ug]{ qmflGt emg\ sl7g x'g] / To;sf] dxTj klg To;}cg';f/sf] x'g] s'/fnfO{ klg a'em\g' cfjZos 5 . To;sf/0f clxn] xfdLn] k|fKt ug]{ jfx\o jf cGt//fli6«o ;xof]u / ;dy{g eg]sf] ;dfhjfbL SofDk jf ;dfhjfbL /fi6«x?af6 k|fKt ul/g] ;xof]u jf ;dy{g geP/ ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng, sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?, /fli6«o d'lQm cfGbf]ng Pjd\ ljZjsf zf]lift / pTkLl8t hgtfsf] ;xof]u / ;dy{g xf] . h:tf] ls dfly pNn]v ul/;lsPsf] 5 ls hgo'4sf] ljsf;sf] of] r/0fdf
cGt//fli6«o ;xof]u Pjd\ ;dy{gsf] ef/L / lg0ff{os dxTj 5 . xfdLn] of] ;dy{g stL h'6fpg ;Sb5f}+ eGg] s'/fn] xfdLn] ljho slxn] xfl;n ug{ ;S5f}+ eGg] s'/fsf] lg0f{o klg w]/} xb;Dd ug{ ;Sb5 .

clxn]sf] l:yltdf ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng TotL ;zQm 5}g eGg] s'/f klg :ki6 g} 5 . l/d (RIM) n] g]t[Tj u/]sf] of] cfGbf]ngn] zlQmzfnL aGg] hf]8bf/ k|oTg t ul//x]sf] 5, t/ agL ;s]sf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL kf6L{x?sf] g]t[Tjdf qmflGt ;DkGg x'g] / ;j{xf/f ju{ ;Qfl;g x'g] k|lqmof ;+u ;+u} ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng klg zlQmzfnL aGb} hfg]5, oxL g} j}1flgs k|s[of xf] .
l/d hlt hlt zlQmzfnL aGb} hfg]5 TotL g} xfdLn] p;af6 ;xof]u / ;dy{g kfpg]5f}+, xfd|f] hgo'4 htL htL zlQmzfnL aGb} hfg]5 l/d klg TotL TotL dhj't x'g]5 . xfd|f] kf6L{n] l/ddf a9L eGbf a9L ;+nUg x'g], l/ddf a9L eGbf a9L of]ubfg ug]{ sfo{nfO{ pRr ?kdf h;/L cl3 a9fO{ /x]sf] 5, To;sf] cGtlg{xLt dxTj / dd{nfO{ ToxL ?kdf a'Em\g' h?/L 5 .

o; afx]s l/ddf ;+nUg e}g;s]sf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{x? ;+usf] ;DjGwnfO{ alnof] agfpg] sfddf klg kf6L{n] kof{Kt Wofg lbPsf] 5 / Tof] ;DaGwn] xfd|f] hgo'4sf] ljsf;df v]n]sf] ;sf/fTds e'ldsfsf] klg 7"nf] dxTj 5 . pgLx? ;+usf] xfd|f] of] ;DaGwn] xfd|f] hgo'4df ;sf/fTds e'ldsf v]Ng'sf ;fy} pgLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf sld sdhf]/L v'6\ofP/ :jo+\ cfkm}+nfO{ dfly p7fpg klg dbt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . of] klg Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ pknlJw xf] . ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf xfd|f] a9\bf] e'ldsf ;+u} ;+;f/sf ljleGg efudf 5l/Psf dfcf]jfbLx?nfO{ glhs} Nofpg / ;+ul7t ug]{ xfd|f] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; klg ;dfg'kflts ?kdf a[l4 x'+b} hfg]5 .

o'4 /fhgLltsf] hf/L ?k xf] . o;sf ;fy} o'4 zlQmsf] d'sflanf klg xf] . b'Zdgsf sdhf]/ :ynsf] klxrfg u/L xdnf ug'{ o'4df ljho xfl;n ug{sf nflu h?/L 5 . b'Zdgsf aLrsf] cGt/lj/f]wsf] klxrfg u/L qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] ljho Pjd\
k|ltqmflGtsf/Lx?sf] k/fhosf] lgldQ To;nfO{ pkof]u ug'{ cfjZos x'G5 . ljzfn u|fld0f Onfsfdf hg;Qf :yflkt ePsf] / ;/sf/ ;+rfng e}/x]sf] tyf b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ /fhg}lts hLjgnfO{ k|efljt ug]{ Psdfq j}slNks zlQmsf] ?kdf xfd|f] kf6L{ / hgo'4 agL ;s]sf] clxn]sf] l:yltdf b]zsf /fhg}lts zlQmx? dfq xf]Og, ljb]zL ;/sf/x? ;+u klg ;DaGw :yflkt ug{ / Toxf“sf cGt/lj/f]wdf v]Ng ;Sg] xfd|f] Ifdtfsf] klg qmflGtnfO{ cl3 a9fpg / ljho;Dd k'¥ofpgsf nflu k|of]u ug'{ cfjZos 5 . laleGg ;/sf/x? ;+u ljleGg lsl;dn] ljleGg :t/df ;DaGw sfod ug]{ / qmflGtsf] tTsfnsf] lgzfgf 3/]n' b'ZdgnfO{ PSnf] kfg]{ of]hgfj4 k|of;nfO{ klg kf6L{n] cl3 a9fPsf] 5 .

hgo'4 / l/dsf] e'ldsf

;j{xf/f ju{ cGt//fli6«o ju{ xf] / xfd|f] qmflGt ljZj qmflGtsf] cleGg c+u xf] . æqmflGt ug'{ 5 eg] qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ x'g} k5{Æ eGg] dfcf]sf] syg Ps b]zsf] qmflGtsf] ;Gbe{df dfq xf]Og ljZj qmflGtsf] ;Gbe{df klg nfu" x'G5 . :jo+\ dfS;{, Pª\u]N; / n]lggn] cfkm\g} kxn Pjd\ g]t[Tjdf cGt//fli6«o ;+u7gx? lgdf{0f u/L ;+3if{nfO{ cl3 a9fpg] k|of; ug'{sf] dd{ / dxTj klg Toxf“ cGt/lgxLt 5 .

l/dsf] cfjZostf klg ljZj qmflGtnfO{ of]hgfj4 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg' ;+u 5 . l/daf/] s]xL s'/f dfly klg pNn]v
ul/;lsPsf] 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ k|f/De b]lv g} l/d ;+u ;DalGwt eP klg xfd|f] ;DaGw / Pstfsf] :t/ rflx+ ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng / xfd|} hgo'4sf] ljsf;sf] k|s[ofåf/f lgwf{l/t x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cfh kf6L{sf] l/d ;+usf] ;DaGw h'g p“rfO{df lasl;t ePsf] 5, Tof] klxn] slxNo} lyPg / x'g klg ;Sb}gYof] .

l/dn] g]kfnsf] hgo'4nfO{ ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{ / zf]lift, pTkLl8t hgtfsf] ;femf ;DklQ 7fGb5 / o;sf] /Iff Pjd\ ljsf; ug]{ sfddf klg ;a}sf] ;xeflutf x'g' kg]{df h]f8 lbG5 . o;sf] ;fy} g]kfnsf] hgo'4sf] cg'ej xfd|f] cfGbf]ngsf] gof“ Pjd\ ljsl;t cg'ej ePsf]n] o;sf] ;+;f/ e/L k|rf/ k|;f/ ug'{kg]{, o;nfO{ :yflkt ug'{kg]{ / ;a}n] o;af6 l;Sg'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbG5 .
l/d sld6Ln] o;} aif{ -@))@_sf] @@ h'nfO{df cfkm\gf ;a} kf6L{ / ;+u7gx?nfO{ k7fPsf] ;s'{n/df pNn]v of] Pp6f cg'R5]bn] l/dsf] gLlt Pjd\ efjgfnfO{ /fd|f] ;+u cleJoQm ub{5M æg]kfnsf] hgo'4nfO{ nf]slk|o agfpg] / /Iff ug]{ sfdsf] g]t[Tj l/d cfkm}+n] ug'{ k5{ . cGttM hgo'4sf] ;j{xf/fjfbL -dfcf]jfbL_ rl/qn] ubf{ of] ljZj el/sf pTkLl8tx?sf] kIfdf 5 / o;sf cd'No pknlJwx?sf] /Iff ul/g} k5{ . o;sf ;fy}, g]kfnsf] hgo'4sf] k|rf/ ug'{ / /Iff ug'{ l/d / o;sf ;xeflu kf6L{ / ;+u7gx?sf] k"/f ub}{ cl3 a9\g' kg]{ sfo{ef/ xf] . sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf ;femf ;DklQsf ?kdf ljleGg b]zsf cg'ejx?nfO{ k|fKt ug{ ;xof]u ub}{ dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL–dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ lgdf{0f ug]{ / dhj't agfpg] l/dsf] ;du| sfd ;+u of] uf“l;Psf] 5 / To;sf] ;]jf ub{5, / of] Tof] lg/Gt/ cl3 al9/xg] k|s[ofsf] c+u xf] h;af6 ;du| cfGbf]ng gof“ sDo'lgi6 cGt//fli6«o agfpg] xfd|f] nIf lt/ cl3 a9\g ;Sb5 . g]kfnsf] hgo'4sf] ;d[4 cg'ej ljZjsf pTkLl8tx?sf nflu rlDsnf] bLklzvf dfq xf]Og ls o;n] qmflGt ug{sf nflu pTkGg ;d:ofx?sf] ljifodf xfd|f] ;dem\bf/LnfO{ ;d[4 ub{5 .Æ -x]g'{xf];\, l/d sld6Lsf] ;s'{n/ #–!), h'nfO{ @@, @))@_ .

l/d sld6Ls} lg0f{ocg';f/ g]kfnsf] hgo'4nfO{ klZrdL b]zx?, vf;u/L o'/f]kdf nf]slk|o agfpg] / ;fd|fHoafbLx?n] o;sf lj?4 u/]sf] æcftª\sjfbÆ sf cgu{n k|rf/nfO{ v08g ub}{ k|i6 kfg]{ / ltgLx?n] ltgsf g]kfnL s's'/x?nfO{ cf]lx¥ofpg nfu]sf] ;}lgs Pjd\ cfly{s æ;xfotfÆnfO{ /f]Sg] k|oTg ug]{ p2]Zon] l/d sld6Ln] cfkm\gf] ;+u7g æljZj hg k|lt/f]w cfGbf]ngÆ (World People's Resistance Movement) (WPRM) sf] cfof]hsTjdf o"/f]kdf k|jrg Pjd\ 5nkmnsf] sfo{qmdx?sf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] lyof] . o'/f]ksf ;ft b]z—hd{gL, la|6]g, km|fG;, a]lNhod, g]b/Nof08\;\, l:j6\h/Nof08 / O6nLsf gf} j6f k|d'v zx/x?df cfof]lht sfo{qmd xfd|f] cfGbf]ngsf] k|efjsf] ;fk]Iftfdf ;kmn ePsf] cfof]hsx?sf] d'Nofª\sg /x]sf] 5 . ut cS6'j/sf] clGtd xKtfb]lv gj]Da/sf] bf]>f] xKtf;Dd cfof]lht pQm sfo{qmdsf] d'Vogf/f æhg d'lQm cfGbf]ng cftª\sjfb xf]Og, ;fd|fHojfbL / k|ltlqmofjfbLx? xf] vj/bf/ g]kfnnfO{ g5f]pmÆ eGg] lyof] . hg lj/f]ws} sf/0f xltof/ leT¥ofpg uPsf] b]pjf l/Qf] xft kms{g' k/]sf] 36gf t Ps k6s lgs} rrf{ s} ljifo ag]sf] lyof] . hgo'4sf] ;ftf}+ jflif{sf]T;jsf] ;dodf WPRM n] ef/tsf # dxfgu/Ldf h'n'; / cfd;efsf sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ub}{ 5 . o; k|sf/ hgo'4sf] cGt//fli6«o df]rf{sf] g]t[Tj l/dn] ;DxfNg] k|oTg ul//x]sf] 5 .l/ddf cfj4 dfcf]jfbL kf6L{x?df e} /x]sf] ljsf;sf] tLa|tf, l/d kf6L{x? aLrsf] v“lbnf] Pstfn] l/d, cGt/fli6«o sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng / xfd|f] hgo'4sf] ljsf;sf gof“ ;DefjgfnfO{ ;+s]t ub{5g\\ . 6ls{sf] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] k|yd dxflwj]zgsf] eJo ;kmntf / To;n] lnPsf lg0f{ox? lgZro klg dxTjsf 36gfx? x'g\ . pQm kf6L{n] xfd|f] hgo'4 k|ltsf] P]Soj4tf af/] JoQm
u/]sf] of] ljrf/ ;f“Rr} g} pT;fxhgs 5M æl/d sld6L Pjd\ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08n] k7fpg' ePsf] ;Gb]zn] xfd|f] dxflwj]zgsf] dxTjnfO{ cem a9fPsf] 5 . o;n] l/dsf cg'ejx?nfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s u|x0f u/]sf] 5, ltgLx?af6 l;s]sf] 5 / cem dhj't ag]sf] 5 . xfd|f] of] k|yd dxflwj]zg l/d sld6Lsf] dfkm{t l/dsf ;a} ;xeflu kf6L{ Pjd\ ;+u7gx? / cGo dfcf]jfbL zlQmx?nfO{ xfd|f] kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 ;j{xf/f cGt//fi6«jfbL clejfbg lbg rfxG5 .Æ o;n] 3f]if0ff ub{5 ls g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] g]t[Tj u/]sf] uf}/jzfnL hgo'4sf] em08fnfO{ cfkm\g} em08f 7fGb5 . -c08/nfOg /rgfsf/sf]_ -x]g'{xf];\, dxflwj]zgsf] k|]; lj1lKt_ .l/dsf] d'Nofª\sg / To; k|ltsf] k|ltj4tf o; k|sf/ JoQm ul/Psf] 5 – æqmflGtsf/L cGt/fli6«otfjfbL cfGbf]ng -l/d_n] gof“ sDo'lgi6 cGt//fli6«o lt/sf] cu|;/tfdf Pp6f u'0ffTds cu|ufdL sbdsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{5 . of] df=n]=df=sf] cfwf/df lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . cfhsf] l:yltdf, l/d cGt/fli6«o sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] e|'0f s]Gb| xf] . l/d u7jGwg xf]Og ls, o;n] dfcf]jfbL cfwf/df ;a} df=n]=df=jfbL zlQmx? ;+u b'O{ nfOg ;+3if{ ;+rfng u/]/ gof“ sDo'lgi6 cGt//fli6«o lgdf{0fsf] nflu ;+3if{df u'0ffTds of]ubfg k'¥ofO /x]sf] 5 . hgo'4x?åf/f ;j{xf/f ljZj qmflGtsf] p7\bf] gof“ Hjf/nfO{ df=n]=df=sf] sdf08df a9fpg] of] Pp6f k|of; xf] . -x]g'{xf];\, pxL_ .

hgo'4 / sDkf];fsf] e'ldsf

dfcf]n] Plzof, clkm|sf / Nofl6g cd]l/sfnfO{ æljZj qmflGtsf] t'kmfgL s]Gb|Æ eGg'ePsf] lyof] . ;fdfGotof pQm ljZn]if0f clxn] klg ;To 5 . ljZj :t/sf cGt/lj/f]wx? / ;+s6 oxL+ s]lGb|t 5g\\ . zff]if0f, pTkL8g oxL+ g} r/d cj:yfdf 5g\\ / hgtf ljleGg k|sf/sf ;+3if{df plq/x]s} 5g\\ . tyflk, otLv]/ 7f]; ?kdf t'kmfgL s]Gb| blIf0f Plzof aGg uPsf] 5 . cToGt pHHjn kIf s] klg 5 eg], o; If]qdf cl3 al9/x]sf qmflGtsf/L ;+3if{x?sf] g]t[Tj d'ntM dfcf]jfbL kf6L{x?n] ul//x]sf 5g\\ . o; If]qdf afx'No l/d kf6L{{ / ;+u7gx?sf] eP klg CPI (ML) (PW) h:tf s]xL kf6L{ / ;+u7gx? cem} l/ddf cfO{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . oL ;a} l:yltdfly Wofg lb+b} xfd|f] kf6L{ / l/dsf] kxndf sDkf];f (CCOMPOSA) sf] u7g ePsf] 5 / Toxf“ l/dsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ePsf] ljjfbsf] ;Gtf]ifhgs 9+usf] ;dfwfg lg:s]sf] x'gfn] sDkf];f blIf0f Plzofsf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ / ;+u7gx?sf] ;femf ;+:yfsf] ?kdf cl3 a9]/ hfg] ;+efjgf k|jn ag]/ uPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] hgo'4sf] ljsf;sf] lgldQ / ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngs} nflu klg of] Pp6f ;sf/fTds sbd xf] . dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf g]t[Tjdf cl3 al9/x]sf qmflGt ;kmn x'+b} uPdf eljZodf of] Pp6f ;zQm ;f]leot aGg ;Sg] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] bf]>f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] b"/ b[li6 Jojxf/df pqg ;Sg] ;+efjgf klg 5 .

cGt//fli6«o df]rf{

;fd|fHojfb / k|ltlqmofjfbsf] r'ln+b} uPsf] ;+s6 Pjd\ qmflGtsf/L zlQmx?sf] a9\bf] ljsf;af6 ctflNnPsf] ;fd|fHojfb emg\ emg\ cfqmf|ds aGb} uPsf] 5 . ?;L ;fdflhs ;fd|fHojfbsf] ktg kZrft\ Ps dfq clt dxfzlQmsf] ?kdf /x]sf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb Ps w|'jLo ljZjsf] Ps 5q g]tf aGg kfP/ d}dQ eP/ rf}tkmL{ ?kdf o'4sf] wlDs lbg] / cfqmfds o'4åf/f g/;+xf/ drfpg] / ljZjdf k|e'Tj sfod ug]{ s'r]i6f ul//x]sf] 5 .

æcft+sjfb lj/f]wL o'4Æsf gfddf cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] hgtf / qmflGtsf/L zlQmsf lj?4 klg o'4sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .

jfx\o ?kdf O:nfd r/dkGyLsf lj?4 nlIft b]lvP klg clGtd / cufl8sf] lgzfgf sDo'lgi6 qmflGtsf/L zlQm ePsf]
s'/fdf ;Gb]x 5}g . O:nfd ;+u s'g} ;fOgf] ;DaGw gePsf] lkmlnlkG; sDo'lgi6 kf6L{nfO{ æcft+ssf/LÆsf] ;"lrdf /fVg',
g]b/Nof08df /fhg}lts z/0ffyL{sf] j}wflgs l;dfdf a;]sf To; kf6L{sf g]tfx?nfO{ k|Tofk{0fsf] dfu ug'{ / ;DklQ hkmt
u/fpg' cflbn] a'zsf] eflj /0fgLlt s;sf lj?4 nlIft 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . g]kfns} ;Gbe{df klg cd]l/sL /fhb'tn]

af/Daf/ hgo'4nfO{ æcft+sjfbÆ egL kmQ'/ nufpg' / xfn} g]kfn e|d0fdf cfPsL a'zsL b't, cd]l/sL pk–ljb]z dGqL lqml:6gf /f]Ssfn] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{nfO{ æcft+sjfbLÆ 3f]lift ug{ ;lsg] wDsL lbg'n] xfd|f] kf6L{ / hgo'4dfly a'z k|zf;gsf] lu4] b[li6sf] /fd|f] ;+s]t lbO{/x]sf 5g\\ . lxGb' kmfl;jfbL ef/t ;/sf/n] lg/Gt/ cfw'lgs xltof/ ;KnfO{ ul//x]sf] s'/f t 5n{+u} 5 .

o; k|sf/ xfd|f] kf6L{, hgo'4, xfd|f hgtf / /fi6«s} lj?4 ;fd|fHojfbL / ;a} vfn] k|lts[ofjfbLx?n] cGt//fli6«o ?kdf g} df]rf{ s:b} cfqmf|ds aGb} uPsf] 5 . ?;L ;fdflhs ;fd|fHojfbsf] ktg kZrft\ Ps dfq clt dxfzlQmsf] ?kdf /x]sf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb Ps w|'jLo ljZjsf] Ps 5q g]tf aGg kfP/ d}dQ eP/ rf}tkmL{ ?kdf o'4sf] wlDs lbg] / cfqmfds o'4åf/f g/;+xf/ drfpg] / ljZjdf k|e'Tj sfod ug]{ s'r]i6f ul//x]sf] 5 .

æcft+sjfb lj/f]wL o'4Æsf gfddf cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] hgtf / qmflGtsf/L zlQmsf lj?4 klg o'4sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .

o; k|sf/ xfd|f] kf6L{, hgo'4, xfd|f hgtf / /fi6«s} lj?4 ;fd|fHojfbL / ;a} vfn] k|lts[ofjfbLx?n] cGt//fli6«o ?kdf g} df]rf{ s:b} u}/x]sf 5g\\ . of] l:yltsf] ;fdgf s;/L ug]{ t < hgo'4nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ o'4sf] ?kdf lnO{ xfdLn] klg cGt/fli6«o ?kdf qmlGtsf/L k|sf/sf] df]rf{ agfpg' kb{5 . l/d, l/d leq / aflx/sf dfcf]jfbLx?, sDkf];f, qmflGt k|lt lgi7f /fVg] JolQmx?, ljzfn hgtf cflbsf] cGt//fli6«o :t/sf] df]rf{ lgdf{0f u/]/ xfdLn] k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] df]rf{sf] ;fdgf ug]{5f}+ . of] xfd|f] dgf]ut sNkgf xf]Og, oyfy{ ;Defjgf xf] . dfly cGt//fli6«o sfdsf] h'g rrf{ ul/of], log} nIf xfl;n ug{sf nflu kf6L{n] u/]sf k|oTgx? x'g\ . hlt hlt xfd|f] hgo'4 ljhosf] lghLs+b} hfG5, cGt//fli6«o ?kdf k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf] x:tIf]k / bjfj klg a9\b} hfg]5 / xfdLn] xfd|f] zlQmnfO{ cGt//fli6«o ?kdf TolQ g} alnof] agfpg' kg]{ x'G5 . xfn} o"/f]kdf ;DkGg sfo{qmd / cGo cj;/df xfd|f] hgo'4 k|lt /fd|f] hg ;dy{g /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . eljZodf xfdLn] /fd|f ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf b]lvPsf 5g\\ . lglZrt 5, oL sfdx? qmflGt / hgo'4sf sfd ePsfn] TotL ;/n / ;xh 5}gg\ sl7g cjZo 5g\\ t/ ;Dej 5g\\ . cGtdf,af6f] sl7g 5, eljZo pHHjn 5 .

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