;'b[9
cfwf/Onfsf lgdf{0faf/] cfwf/e"t
s'/fx?
– bLjfs/
!_
e'ldsf M–
dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf]
;du| sfo{lbzfcg'?k bL3{sfnLg hgo'4sf] d"n cfwf/ e"lddf ;z:q
hgljb|f]xnfO{ ;dfof]hg u/L cl3 al9/x]sf] g]kfnL hgjfbL qmflGt olta]nf /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf]
r/0faf6 /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0ftkm{ pBt eO/x]sf] 5 . qmflGtsf] of] ljsf;
k|lqmof;+u} cfh Psftkm{ b]zsf ljzfn kxf8L e"–efudf ;fdGt bnfn tyf
gf]s/zfxL k"“hLklt ju{sf] k"/fgf] /fhg}lts ;Qf lj:yflkt x'“b} uPsf
5g\\ / Toxf“ xfd|f] kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf hgtfsf] gof“ hgjfbL ;Qfn] cfsf/ u|x0f
ub{} u}/x]sf 5g\ . csf{]tkm{ k"j{b]lv klZrd;Ddsf t/fO{sf e"–efu /
b]zsf k|d'v zx/x?df;d]t ;zQm k|lt/f]w ;+3if{ ljsl;t e}/x]sf] 5 . o; l:yltdf
g]kfnL qmflGtsf] sfo{ef/ b]zJofkL c+s'l/t ljb|f]xsf] HjfnfnfO{ cem} k|Hjlnt /
Jofks agfpg :yfgLo :t/df ljsl;t tL hgjfbL ;Qf jf cfwf/OnfsfnfO{ cem} gof“
p“rfOdf ;'b[9 / lj:tf/ ug'{ tyf b]zJofkL hgljb|f]xsf] nx/ ;[li6 ub}{
k"/fgf ;Qfsf af“sL lsNnfx?df of]hgfj4 cfqmd0f a9fpg' /x]sf] 5 . oltj]nf
of] sfo{ o'4lj/fd, jftf{ k|s[of / hgkl/rfngsf] of]hgfcg';f/ cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 .
æ;/naf6 h6Lnlt/Æ æl5kl5k]af6 ulx/fO{ lt/Æ ljsf;sf] åGbfTds ef}ltsjfbL lgod xf]
. oxL lgodcg';f/ xfd|f] dxfg\\ hgo'4 hlt hlt r/0fj4 ljsf; ul//x]sf] x'G5, Tolt
Tolt of] /fli6«oaf6 cGt//fli6«o rl/q u|x0f ub}{ uPsf] x'G5 . hlt hlt
cGt//fli6«o rl/q u|x0f ub}{ uPsf] x'G5 Tolt Tolt of] o'4 dxfg\\ n]lggn] eg]em}+
emg\ emg\ Jofks, jx'ljlw, gfgf?kL x'“b} hfG5 . ;fdfGotM o'4 leq jftf{ / jftf{
leq o'4, hgkl/rfng leq kmf}hL / kmf}hL kl/rfng leq hgkl/rfng e}/x]sf x'G5g\ .
o'4 ljsf;sf] ultdf cfpg] tLj|tf tyf o;sf] /0fg}lts cj:yfcg';f/ ToxL tLj|tfdf
slxn] s'g ?k t slxn] s'g ?kdf cleJoQm e}/x]sf x'G5g\ . clkt' hf] h'g ?kdf h'g
s'g} a]nf cufl8 cfP klg To;sf] d"n p2]Zo ljb|f]xnfO{ cyf{t /0fg}lts
k|Tofqmd0fnfO{ glhs Nofpg' jf To;df km8\sf] xfGg g} x'g]5 . To; cy{df g}
o'4lj/fd / jftf{nfO{ xfdLn] /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] pkh / o'4sf] csf]{ gof“ df]rf{
elg kl/eflift ub}{ To;sf] ;+rfng ul//x]sf 5f}+ . o; cy{df cfwf/Onfsf d'Qm
OnfsfnfO{ ;'b[9 lj:tf/ ug]{ tyf b]zJofkL hgljb|f]xsf] tof/L ug]{ s'/f cfkm}df
tyf o'4lj/fd / jftf{ k|s[of x]bf{ leGg
k|s[ltsf / tfTsfnLs b[li6n] k|;+u aflx/ h:tf] b]lvP klg tL Ps cfk;df
cGt/;DalGwt / Ps csf{sf k'/ssf] ?kdf /x]sf 5g\ . tLgsf aLr prLt ;+of]hg ub}{
cf–cfk\mgf ljlzi6tf;lxt cufl8 a9\g] s'/fsf] dxTjaf/] hgk+lQm;Dd :ki6 kfg'{kg]{
ljifodf xfdL cem} uDeL/ x'g cfjZos 5 . o;} kl/k|]IFdf k|:t't n]vdf j[l4 / ljsf;
;'b[9 cfwf/Onfsf÷d"Qm Onfsf lgdf{0faf/]sf] d"n cjwf/0ffdf s]Gb|Lt
eO{, s]xL rrf{ ul/Psf] 5 .
@_ j[l4 / ljsf; M–
j[l4 eg]sf] j:t'sf] cfsf/
7"nf] kfg'{ jf a9fpg', km}nfpg' xf] eg] ljsf; cfsf/ a9fpg' dfq geP/
u'0ffTds b[li6n] km/s aGg' xf] . r/0fa4 km}ng' / lj:tf/ x'g' j[l4 xf] eg],
r/0fa4 gof“ s'/fx? pbo eO{/xg' ljsf; xf] . csf]{ zAbdf j[l4 dfqfTds kl/j{tg xf]
eg] ljsf; u'0ffTds kl/j{tg xf] . a[l4 cfsf/df leGgtf xf] eg] ljsf; :j?kdf
leGgtf . ctM a[l4 / ljsf; km/s–km/s t/ Ps csf]{ ;+u cGt/;+alGwt /
cGt/lge{/ x'G5g\ . u'0ffTds kl/j{tgdf
dfqfTds tyf dfqfTds kl/jt{g leq u'0ffTds kl/jt{g cyf{t a[l4;+u ljsf; / ljsf;
;+u j[l4 cGt/;+alGwt dfq xf]Og Pp6f leq
csf]{ cGt/lgxLt /x]sf] klg x'G5 . 4GtfTds ef}ltsjfbL b[li6sf]0f / lgod eg]sf]
logLx? -j:t'x?_ aLrsf] leGgtf / cGt/;DaGwsf] cWoog ;+u} ;du| ljsf;df slta]nf s'g ;fdfGo / s'g ljlzi6 eP/ k|s6
x'G5g\ eGg] s'/f kQf nfufpg tyf ltgsf] ljZn]if0f / lgoGq0f ub}{ sfd cufl8
a9fpg' xf] . oxLg]/ xfdL s] s'/fdf klg :ki6 x'g cfjZos 5 eg] dfqfTds ljsf;
cyf{t a[l4 cGt/ut eO{/x]sf] u'0ffTds ljsf;nfO{ a'em\g g;Sbf dfqfb]lv dfqf;Dd
cyf{t blIf0fk+yL ;'wf/jfbdf km:g] vt/f /xG5 eg] u'0ffTds ljsf; leq cGt/lgxLt
dfqfTds ljsf; cyf{t 7"nf] km8\sf] dfg]{ qmddf dfl/g] ;fgf] km8\sf]nfO{
a'em\g g;Sbf jf j]jf:tf ul/+bf u'0f jf ljsf; g} cj?4 x'g k'Ug] / ;+sL0f{
?9Ljfbdf kml;g] vt/f /xG5 . To:t} dfqf / u'0f ;du| ljsf; k|lqmofdf ;fdfGo lgod
x'“bfx'“b} klg ljlzi6 l:yltdf lt slt s'g ljlzi6 / s'g ;fdfGo aGb} k|s6 x'g
k'Ub5g\\ / ;f]cg';f/ stf hf]8 lbg] stf Wofg lbg] eGg]] s'/f ls6fg ug{ g;sL
cGof}n / csd{0otfdf kl//xg] ;f/;+u|xjfb jf dWok+yLdf km:g] vt/f klg Tolts}
/xL/xG5 . sfdsf bf}/fgdf b]vf kg]{
pk/f]Qm ;d:ofx?af/] ;r]t x'“b} oltj]nf ;du| of]hgfsf] b[li6n] xfd|f cfwf/Onfsf
k|f/lDes :t/s} eP klg u'0ffTds ljsf; x'g\ / oxf“ ul/g] ;'b[9 / lj:tf/nfO{ o;}
cy{df a'lemg' kb5{ . To:t} 5fkfdf/ sfo{jfxL tyf ljb|f]xsf tof/Lsf Onfsf
u'0f;lxt cGt/lgxLt dfqfTds ljsf; x'g\ hf] lgs6 eljiodf x'g] u'0ffTds km8\sf] jf
ljsf;sf] ;DefjgfnfO{ cfkm" leq x'sf{p“b} cl3 al9/x]sf] x'G5 . /, Toxf“
ul/g] ;'b[9 / lj:tf/nfO{ o;} cy{df u|x0f ug'{sf] ;fy} lt b'a} aLrsf]
ljlzi6tf cGt/;DaGw ;+of]hgsf]
dxTjnfO{;d]t cWoog ub}{ of]hgf lgdf{0f / lqmofGjog ug{ cem} hf]8 lbg kg]{
b]lvG5 .
#_ ;'b[9 / lj:tf/ M–
;fdfGot ;'b[9 ug'{ eg]sf]
sl;nf] kfg'{ v+lbnf] kfg'{,Jojl:yt kfg'{ xf] . csf]{ zAbdf j:t' jf zlQmnfO{
ljlzli6s/0f,s]Gb|Ls/0f kfg'{ klg xf] . /, lj:tf/ ug'{ eg]sf] km}ng', emf+lug',
cfsf/ a[l4 ug{' xf] . ;'b[l9s/0fn] j:t'sf] u'0ffTds ljsf;sf lgldQ cfjZos ef}lts
cj:yf / u'0ffTds ult k}bf ub{5 eg] lj:tf/n] dfqfTds cyf{t j:t'sf] cfotg ljsf;df
. h;/L j:t' ljsf;df dfqfTds / u'0ffTds kl/j{tgsf] 4GbfTds ;DaGw /x]sf] x'G5
To;/L g} ;'b[9 / lj:tf/sf] klg j:t' ljsf; ef}lts cj:yf lgdf{0f / ult k|bfgdf 4GbfTds ;DaGw / dxTjk"0f{
e'ldsf /x]sf] x'G5 . j:t' ljsf;sf]
cj:yf / ult k}bf ug]{ oL b'j} ljifo,slta]nf s'g ;fdfGo / s'g ljlzi6 aGg] tyf
slt a]nf sxf“ / s'gdf hf]8 lbg] / sxf“ s;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] eGg] af/]df Wofg
gk'Ubf jf Ps kIFLo x'“bf / cik:6tf /x“bf dfly pNn]lvt unt k|j[ltx?df km:g] vt/f
/xL/xG5 . hxf“ u'0ffTds ljsf;sf] cj:yf /x]sf] 5 / u'0ffTds ult k}bf ug{ s]Gb|Lt
wSsf cfjZos x'G5 Toxf“ ;'b[l9s//0f
gubf{ oyfl:yltjfb jf ;'wf/jfbdf km:g] tyf hxf“ dfqfTds k|s[of kf/ ug'{ kg]{
x'G5 Toxf“ lj:tf/df hf]8 glb+bf ;+sL0f{ ?9Ljfbdf kml;g] vt/f /xG5 . olta]nf
;fdfGotM cf–cfkm\gf] ljlzi6tfcg';f/ ;a} If]qn] cf–cfkm\gf If]q cGt{/ut ;'b[9 /
lj:tf/nfO{ cf–cfkm\g} ;fk]Iftfcg';f/ hf]8 jf Wofg lb“b} cl3 a9\g'sf ;fy} ;du|
of]hgfsf b[li6n] cfkm\g} ;fk]lIFt cfwf/Onfsf ljz]iftfcg';f/ ljsl;t eO/x]sf
;Dk"0f{ kxf8L lhNnfnfO{ pRr cfwf/Onfsf÷d"Qm Onfsfdf abNg jf d"Vo
Onfsfdf ;'b[l9s/0f tyf aflx/L 3]/f jf ;xfos Onfsfdf Jofks lj:tf/df hf]8 lbg'sf
;fy} t/fO{ / zx/L Onfsfdf b]zJofkL ljb|f]xsf] tof/L ug]{ k|s[ofnfO{ Wofg lb“b}
k|efjsf/L x:tIF]k;lxt lj:tf/df hf]8 lbg cem} gof“ 9+un] sf]lz; ug{ cfjZos ePsf]
5 .
$_ ;'b[9 cfwf/Onfsf af/]
M–
-s_ cjwf/0ff –
s=dfcf]n] cfwf/OnfsfnfO{ Zj]t ;Qfsf] 3]/f leq ljsl;t kmf}hL b[li6
æqmflGtsf/Lx?sf] /0fg}lts c8\8fÆ / /fhg}lts b[li6n] ægof“ hgjfbL /fHo;QfÆ klg
xf] eGg' ePsf] 5 . /0fg}lts c8\8fsf] ?kdf o;n] xfd|f] ;}Go k|lzIF0f, tflnd,
k|ljlw, k|fljlws kl/:s[t ug'{ ;+ro cfk"lt{ ug'{sf ;fy} 5fkfdf/ o'4nfO{
rnfodfg / df]rf{a4 o'4df ljsf; ug]{ cfwf/sf] e'ldsf;d]t vn]sf] x'G5 / x'g'kb{5
. To:t} gof“ /fhg}lts ;Qfsf] b[li6n] gof“ ;fdflhs cfly{s cfwf/sf] ljsf;;“u}
gof“ pk/L;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f u/]sf] x'G5 / x'g' kb{5 .o; cy{df cfwf/Onfsf eg]sf]
oBlk k"/fgf] ;fdGtL /fHo Joj:yfsf] 3]/f leq ljslzt ePsf] t/ gof“;fdflhs
/fHo Joj:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ Onfsf xf] . cyf{t cfwf/Onfsf :yfkgf eg]sf] r/0fa4
gof“ / u'0ffTds ljsf; xf] o; cy{df s=dfcf]n] cfwf/Onfsf lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{
æb'Zs/ l;h{gfTds sfo{Æ eGg' ePsf] 5 .cfwff/Onfsf k"/fgf] cfly{s cfwf/ tyf
pk/L;+/rgfsf] lj:tfl/t tyf ;'wf/fTds ?k geP/ u'0ffTds ljsf;sf] OsfO{ ePsf]n]
k|f/lDes ?kdf g} ePklg o; cGt{ut gof“ ;fdflhs cfly{s / /fhg}lts cyf{t cfwf/
pk/L;+/rgf b'a} ljsf; x'g cfjZos x'G5 . oBkL of] Zj]t ;Qfsf] 3]/fleq ljsl;t
ePsf] x'gfn] b'Zdgsf eLif0f cfqmd0f tyf hgtfsf] ;zQm k|lt/f]w o'4sf] ljsf;
k|lqmof ;+u} v'Drg] / km}ng] dfq geO{ eTsg] / aGg] k|lqmof klg eO/xG5 /
clGtd ljho k|fKt gu?~h]n of] rln/xG5 .
t/ klg cfwf/Onfsf ;fk]lIfs bL3{sflng cyf{t :yfO{ rl/qsf x'G5g\, / o;nfO{ ;fk]lIFs :yfOTj k|bfg ug{ of] cfkm}“ leq klg
;'b[9 / lj:tf/ tyf cfkm}“ leq klg jflx/L k+lQm / leqL k+lQmsf] 3]/f lgdf{0f
ub}{ / b]zJofkL hg;+3if{ km}nfpg] s'/fn] dxTjk"0f{ e'ldsf v]n]sf] x'G5 .
s=dfcf]n] cfwf/Onfsf jl/kl/ alnof] cyf{t ;'b[9 5kfdf/Onfsf cfjZos 5 eGg' ePsf]
5 . / xfd|f] P]ltxfl;s rf}yf] lj:tfl/t a}7sn] cfwf/Onfsf lgdf{0fsf zt{;lxt æKofhsf]
u'bLÆ h:tf] x'g'kb{5 eg]sf] 5 .æKofhsf]
u'bLÆeg]sf] cfkm\gf jl/kl/sf j:t' / 36gfqmd aLrsf] cGt/;DaGw / To;sf] åGbfTds
;+of]hg xf] . lelq u'bL / To;nfO{ arfpg] jl/kl/sf cfj/0fnfO{ ;xL 9+un] a'em\g]
s'/f xf] . ljz]if lhNnf / To; jl/kl/sf lhNnfsf] cGt/;DaGw, ljz]if If]q / To;
jl/kl/sf If]q aLrsf ;DaGw, klZrd sdf08 / cGo sdf08sf aLrsf] ;DaGw, l;+uf] b]z /
cGt//fli6«o ;DaGw / To;sf] dxTjnfO{ l7s 9+un] a'em\g] / l7s 9+un] abNg] ;jfn
xf] . bfz{lgs cy{df o;nfO{ ljkl/t aLrsf] PsTjsf] ;xL klxrfg / To;sf] ;xL kl/rfngsf]
;jfn klg xf] eGg ;lsG5 . OnfsfjfbL,
lhNnfjfbL, If]qjfbL / hfltjfbL tyf 36gf qmdnfO{ eGbf cfkm"nfO{ w'/L agfP/
a'em\g] / Jojxf/ ug]{ cfTdk/s JolQmjfbL s'kd08'stfaf6 dfly p7]/ dfq xfdL lhNnf,
If]q, sdf08, /fli6«o cGt//fli6«o ;DaGwsf] Jofkstf / jx'ljwtnfO{ a'em\g ;St5f}+
/ To;sf] kl/rfng ug{ ;Qm5f}+ . ;'b[9 cfwf/Onfsf lgdf{0f / To;sf] lj:tf/ ug{
;Qm5f}+ . log} d"ne"t tTj;lxt cfwf/Onfsfsf] lgdf{0f x'g] tyf T;nfO{
cem} p“rfO{df ljsf; ug{ cfwf/ / pk/L;+/rgfnfO{ gof“ 9+un] ;'b[9 / Jojl:yt ug'{
g} ;'b[9 cfwf/Onfsf lgdf{0fsf d"n kIF x'g\ . olt a]nf xfd|f] k|f/lDes
cfwf/Onfsfx?n] csf]{ æb'Zs/ l;h{gfTds sfo{Æ of]hgf;lxt cfkm"nfO{ ;'b[9 /
Jojl:yt agfpg pRr ;+sNk / k|lta4tf;lxt cl3 a9\g cfjZos 5 .
-v_ cfwf/ / pk/L;+/rgf
af/] M–
;dfhsf] cfly{s cfwf/
eg]sf] ;dfhsf] pTkfbg ;DaGw xf] . o; cGt{ut d"VotM pTkfbg :jfldTjsf] :j?k,
pTkfbgdf hgtfsf] e'ldsf / pgLx?sf cfk;L ;DaGw, pTkfbgsf] ljt/0fsf] :k?k
cGt/lgxLt x'G5g\\ . cfly{s cfwf/df ljsf; ug'{ eg]sf] Toxf“sf] pTkfbg ;DaGw /
k4ltnfO{ gof“ ?k lbg' xf] . e"ld, pBf]u, k|ljlw tyf cf}hf/ nufotsf >dsf
;fwg tyf k|s[ltk|bQ ;a} j:t' cyf{t >dsf] ljifo;lxtsf pTkfbgsf ;fwgdf xfn;Dd
/x]sf] ;fdGt bnfn tyf gf]s/zfxL k"“hLklt ju{sf] :jfldTjnfO{ hgtfsf]
:jfldTjdf abNg' pTkfbgdf /x]sf] hgtf aLrsf] c;dfg / zf]if0f d"ns e'ldsf /
;DaGwnfO{ ;fk]lIfs ;dfg, zf]if0f /lxt / hglxtsf/L e'ldsf / ;DaGwdf abNg',
pTkflbt j:t'sf] >dhLjL hg;d'bfo tyf ;dfhsf tNnf ju{df s]lGb|t eO{ Gofof]lrt
ljt/0f ug'{ g} cfwf/Onfsf leqsf ;dflhs,cfly{s cfwf/df ljsf; xf] .pTkbg k2lt hf]
pTkbgsf] ;fdflhs ;DaGw, To; cGt/ut lgxLt ax'ljlw ;DaGw ldn]/ ag]sf] x'G5 .
To;nfO{ a9L hgrl/q lbg' cyf{t ;fd'lxs ;xsf/L / ;fj{hlgs rl/qsf] pTkfbg k4ltsf]
ljsf; ug'{ g} ptkfbg k4ltdf ?kfGt/0f xf] . xfd|f cfwf/Onfsfsf kf6L{ k+lQm / hg
k+lQmn];d]t ;xsf/L,cw{–;xsf/L tyf tLgsf] k"“hLjfbL cw{–;dfhjfbL /
k"“hLjfbL rl/qsf] uDeL/ cWoog ;+u} of]hgfa4 ?kdf tLgsf] :yfkgf / ;+u7Lt
ug{ hf]8 lbg' kb{5 .
To;} u/L cfwf/Onfsfdf
pk/L;+/rgfdf ljsf; ug'{ eg]sf] j}rfl/s /fhg}lts / ;f+:s[lts ;+/rgfdf ljsf; xf]
. hLjg / hutnfO{ a'em\g] / abNg] cfbz{jfbL k"/fgf] ljZj b[li6sf]0f /
1fg4f/f hsl8Psf] ;dfhnfO{ åGbfTds / P]ltxfl;s ef}ltsjfbL cyf{t xfd|f] ;Gb{edf
eGbf dfS;{jfb–n]lngjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kysf] ljZj b[li6sf]0f tyf 1fg l;4fGt tyf
To;4f/f lgb]{lzt Jojxf/ cyf{t ju{;+3if{ pTkfbg ;+3if{ / j}1flgs k|of]u ug]{
af/]df ?kfGt/0f ug'{ g} ;dfhsf] j}rfl/s ljsf; ug'{ xf] j}rfl/s ?kdf ;r]t /
;+ul7t hgtf g} qmflGtsf kmnfd] lsNnf x'g / To;n] dfq qmflGtsf/L Oltxf;sf ;fy}
j}1flgs / ;'Gb/ ;dfh / ;+;f/sf] lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sb5 eGg] dfGotfnfO{ bx|f] ;“u klqmP/ j}rfl/s /fhg}lts k|lzIf0f
jf lzIff cleofgnfO{ lgoldt / Jojl:yt ug'{ kb{5 . pk/L;+/rgfsf] csf]{ d"n
kIF eg]sf] ljrf/4f/f lgb]{lzt qmflGtsf/L /fHo;Qf xf] . xfd|f cfwf/Onfsfdf
lgld{t ePsf hg;Qf jf hg;/sf/x? k"/fgf ;Qgsf ;'wfl/Psf ?k geP/ kl/jlt{t jf
ljsl;t ?k x'g . cfbz{jfbL ljZj b[li6sf]0faf6 lgb]{lzt ;fdGt bnfn tyf gf]s/zfxL
k"“hLkltsf] clwgfosTjnfO{ Wj+; ub}{ lgld{t xfd|f gof“ hg;Qf
dfS;{jfb–n]lngjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kysf] ljZj b[li6sf]0faf6 lgb]{lzt qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] cyf{t xfd|f] kf6L{ g]=s=kf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] g]t[Tj / hgtfsf]
hgjfbL clwgfosTj ePsf] hgjfbL /fHo Joj:yf xf] . clxn] oL k|f/lDes jf r/0fa4 5g\
tfklg o;df gof“ u'0f 5g\ / x'g'kb{5 . ctM o;sf] ljsl;t kIf j}rfl/s g]t[Tj,
kf6L{ g]t[Tj, hgtfsf] clwgfosTj af/]df kf6L{, ;]gf, df]rf{ / hgtfdf;d]t a'em\g]
a'emfpg] dfq xf]Og a9L eGbf a9L hgtfnfO{ o;df lqmofzLn;d]t u/fpg' kb{5 .
ljif]ztM g]t[Tj, clwgfosTj / :jtGqtfdf b]lvg] oflGqstf, ;+sL0f{tf, pbf/tf /
c:ki6tfn] gf]s/zfxL s]Gb|Lotf, c/fhstf / ;'wf/jfbdf km:g] vt/fdf dfq xf]Og ls
qmflGt, k|ltqmflGtdf ktg x'g] vt/f klg /xG5 . g]t[Tj clwgfosTj nfu" ug]{
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kg]{ / hgcg'df]lbt u/fpg' kg]{ s'/fnfO{ xfdLn] ljz]if dxTj lbg' kb{5 .
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sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ / hgtfsf] ;DaGwsf] xsdf dfq xf]Og gof“ hg;Qf / hgtf aLrsf] ;DaGw
af/]df klg xf] . xfdLn] @!cf} ztfAbLsf] hgjfbsf] af/] 5nkmn rnfO /x]sf 5f+} .
xfd|f hg;Qfdf tL d'vl/t x'g'kb{5 . Jofks hgjfbsf] hudf ;'b[9 ;Qf lgdf{0f ug{
cem} hf]8 lbg} kb{5 . xfd|f hg;Qfx? hgtfn] e]p kfpg} g;Sg] k|zf;lgs h+hfn xf]Og
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hgk|ltlglwx? hgtfsf dflns xf]Og ;]js ag]/ hg;d:ofx?nfO{ j:t'jfbL 9+un]
ljZn]if0f u/L j}1flgs ;dfwfg lbg ;Sg] x'g'kb{5 . hgtfsf sfvf kf]N6fdf /Dg]
x'g'kb{5 . dxfg\\ n]lngn] eGg' eP em}“ hLjge/ l;Sg] lh1f;' r]nf] aGg] /
cfkm"n] l;s]sf j}1flgs s'/fx? hgtfnfO{ lbg s=dfcf]n] eGg' ePsf] em}“
slxNo} gyfSg] u'? ag]/ g} /fHo;Qf / hgtfaLrsf cGt/lj/f]wnfO{ ;xL ;dfwfg ug{
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;'b[9Ls/0f xf] .
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;flxTo snf / ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ljz'4 sNkgfnf]sdf xf]Og ;dfhsf] cfly{s ;fdflhs
lqmofsnfkaf6 g} x'g] / ljsl;t ePkl5 o;n] ;dfh ljsf;df dxTjk"0f{ e'ldsf
v]Nb5 . xfd|f cfwf/Onfsfsf] ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[lt k|f/lDes :t/sf] eP klg
k"/fgf] cfbz{jfbL b[li6sf]0fdf cfwfl/t k"/fgf] ;flxTo, snf /
;+:s[ltsf] ;'wfl/Psf] ?k geP/ gof“ / ljslzt ?k xf] . of] d/0fzLn oyfl:yltjfbL
oyfy{df xf]Og k|ultzLn oyfy{df cfwfl/t hghLjgsf] k|ltljDjg xf] / aGg'kb{5 .
h;/L cfly{s, /fhg}lts / j}rfl/s rLgtg / lqmofsnfkdf bfof“ jfof“ cyf{t ;+sL0f{
?9Ljfb, ;dGjojfb / ;'wf/jfbL aLrng b]vf kb{5g\ ;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[ltdf klg
ljljw ?k / z}nLdf b]vf kb{5g\ . ;a} k|sf/sf aLrng k|lt ;r]t ;+3if{ ub}{ xfd|f
cfwf/Onfsfsf hghLjgsf] k|ultzLn oy{{yjfbL cfnf]rgf;lxt ;'Gb/ eljiosf] lrq0f
ub}{ lg/Gt/ j}1flgsaf6f]df ;dfhnfO{ cl3 a9fpg lbzf lgb]{z ug'{ g} cfwf/Onfsfsf
;flxTo, snf / ;+:s[lt tyf ;f+:s[lts sdL{x?sf] bfloTj xf] . cfwf/Onfsf leqsf ju{
;DaGw :jtGq / ;dfg'kflts aGb} uPsf 5g\ 5}gg\ < Toxf“sf hg;d'bfon]
cfkm"n] u/]sf] ;+3if{ jf >dsf] k|ltkmn k|fKt ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5g\ 5}gg\
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dfkm{t hgtfsf j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs tyf ;f+:s[lts kIfnufot ;dfh
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ljljw / eLif0f tl/sfaf6 g/;+xf/df pqG5 eGg] dfGotfnfO{ uDeL/ ?kn] cfTd;ft ub}{
ljljwtf / Jofkstfdf of]hgf lgdf{0f ub}{ j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts / cfly{s b[li6n];d]t
kf6L{, ;]gf, df]rf{ / hgk+lQmnfO{ gof“ p“rfO{df ;'b[9 ug'{ / To;sf] /Iffsf nflu
lj:tf/ ug'{ g} ;'b[9 cfwf/Onfsf lgdf{0f ug]{ clxn]sf] d'Vo sfo{x? x'g\ .