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qmflGtsf Jofjxfl/s cg'ejx?sf aLraf6 qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] hGd / ljsf; x'G5 . qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] ky k|bz{gdf qmflGtn] gof“ p“rfO{ xfl;n ub{5 . ljZj qmflGtsf ;d[4 cg'ejx?sf aLraf6 dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb hlGdPsf] xf] / l7s oxL s'/f k|r08kysf af/]df klg nfu" x'G5 . cfkm\gf] ljsf;sf] k|lqmof qmflGtn] cg]sf}+ cf/f]x–cj/f]x kf/ ub}{ cu|ult xfl;n ub}{ hfG5 / To;nfO{ csf]{ u'0ffTds pTsif{df k'¥ofpgsf nflu l;4fGtn] klg csf]{ u'0ffTds pTsif{ xfl;n ug{ clgjfo{ x'G5 . qmflGt / qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt aLrsf] åGbfTds ;DaGw o:t} x'G5 . xfdLn] of] ;DaGwnfO{ /fd|f];+u a'em\g h?/L 5 .

Jojxf/af6 l;4fGt / l;4fGtaf6 Jojxf/, km]/L klg Jojxf/af6 l;4fGt / l;4fGtaf6 Jojxf/ of] 1fg k|flKtsf] åGbfTds k|lqmof xf] / qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] ljsf; klg o;} k|lqmofdf cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 . xfdLn] k|r08kysf] j}rfl/s ;+Zn]if0f / To;sf] ljsf; k|lqmofnfO{ klg o;/L g} a'em\g' kb{5 .

gof“ 9+usf] j}rfl/s ;+Zn]if0f / To;sf] ljsf;sf] k|lqmofnfO{ l7s;+u a'em\gsf nflu b'O{ k|sf/sf unt rLgtgsf lj?4 lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ rnfp“b} hfg' kb{5, tL rLgtg x'g\– h8;"qjfb / cg'ejjfb . h'g ultdf qmflGtsf] ljsf; x'“b} hfG5, To;} ultdf l;4fGtsf] klg ljsf; x'“b} hfG5, To;} ultdf l;4fGtsf] klg ljsf; x'“b} hfg' cfjZos x'G5 . k/Gt' h8\;"qjfbn] of] s'/f a'em\g ;Sb}g . h8\;"qjfbn] l;4fGtdf t lgs} hf]8 lbG5, t/ l;4fGtnfO{ qmflGtsf cg'ejx?åf/f xfl;n gof“ cGt/j:t'n] ;d[4 t'Nofpg] s'/fsf] k"/} lj/f]w ub{5 . o;/L x]bf{ l;4fGtsf] ljsf;df h8;"qjfb xd]zf afws aGg k'Ub5 . csf]{lt/ cg'ejjfbn] qmflGtsf Jofjxfl/s cg'ejx?lt/ k"/} hf]8 lbPsf] t x'G5, t/ To;n] qmflGtsf cg'ejx?åf/f k|fKt gof“ cGt/j:t'nfO{ cfTd;ft ug]{ / To;nfO{ l;4fGtsf] :t/df p7fpg] tkm{ k6Ss} Wofg lbb}g . ;f/tM To;n] l;4fGtnfO{ g} nTofpg k'Ub5 . l;4fGt jf ljrf/sf] ljsf; k|lqmofdf xfdL oL b'j} k|sf/sf unt rLgtgk|lt k"/f ;ts{ /xg' kb{5 .

cGt//fli6«o sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;df h8;"qjfb / cg'ejjfbsf b'ikl/0ffdnfO{ ef]Ug' k/]sf k|z:t} pbfx/0f
kfOG5g\\ . o; k|sf/sf] b'ikl/0ffdsf clGtd s8Lsf ?kdf xf]Shfk+yL h8;"qLo ;+zf]wgjfb / cg'ejjfbL jf ax'njfbL ;+zf]wgjfbnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . g]kfnL ;Gbe{df eGg' kbf{ h8\;"qLo ;+;f]wgjfbsf Pd=la=l;+x / cg'ejjfbL jf jx'njfbL ;+;f]wgjfbsf Pdfn] g]tfx?nfO{ 7]6 k|ltlglwsf ?kdf lng ;lsG5 . cfh g]kfnL qmflGt / sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf j}rfl/s ;+Zn]if0fsf] To; k|sf/sf h8;"qLo ;+zf]wgjfb / cg'ejjfbL jf ax'bnjfbL ;+zf]wgjfbsf lj?4sf] lgd{d j}rfl/s ;+3if{sf] >[+vnf /x]sf] 5 .

cfh xfdL dxfg\\ hgo'4sf ;ft uf}/jzfnL jif{ kf/ u/L cf7f}+ jif{df k|lji6 e};s]sf 5f}+ . of] cjlwdf xfdLn] dxfg\\ pknlAwsf ?kdf gof“ ljrf/, gof“ 9+usf] kf6L{, gof“ hg;]gf / gof“ hg;Qf k|fKt u/]sf 5f}|+ . cfh xfdL;+u l;+uf] kf6L{, hgd'lQm ;]gf / hg;d'bfosf Tofu, jL/tf / alnbfgsf c;+Vo pTs[i6 ultljlw / pbfQ sLlt{dfgsf e08f/ 5g\\ . of] cjlwdf xfdLn] j}rfl/s tyf /fhgLlts If]qdf k|ltlqmofjfb / ;+zf]wgjfbnfO{ IftljIft t'NofPsf 5f}+ / Jofjxfl/s If]qdf klg r'/ r'/ kf/]/ ysfPsf 5f}+ . clxn] xfdL /fhgLlts / kmf}hL b'j} b[li6n] /0fgLlts ;Gt'ngsf] r/0fdf v8f x'g k'u]sf 5f}+ . b'O{ ljzfn zlQmzfnL b]zx?sf aLrdf v8f Ps ;fgf] e"–kl/j]li7t b]z g]kfndf of] Ps k|sf/sf] ljnIf0ftf g} xf] . g]kfnL hgo'4sf] of] ;ft jif{sf] cjlw /fli6«o ?kdf dfq xf]Og cGt//fli6«o ?kdf klg cToGt} ljnIf0f / eJo /x]sf] 5 . oyfy{df eGg' kbf{ g]kfnL hgo'4 dfq g]kfn xf]Og ljZjsf] @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] hgo'4sf] Ps pbfQ cfbz{ / df]8]n aGg uPsf] 5 .

ljZj;j{xf/f qmflGtsf] Oltxf;sf ljlzi6 sfnv08x?df ljlzi6 k|sf/sf df]8]nx? aGg] u/]sf 5g\\ . dfS;{sf] hdfgfdf k]l/; sDo['g, n]lggsf] ;dodf dxfg\\ cS6'j/ ;dfhjfbL qmflGt, dfcf]sf] ;dodf o]gfgsf] cfwf/Onfsf / dxfg\\ ;j{xf/f ;f+:s[lts qmflGt– o:t} df]8]n jf gd"gf lyP . /f]Nkf, ?s'dsf cfwf/Onfsfx?n] dfcf]sfnLg g]kfnnfO{ ;Demfpg] u/]sf 5g\\ . ;+lIfKtdf eGg' kbf{ ljZj;j{xf/f ju{ / Gofok|]dL hg;d'bfosf lglDt g]kfnL hgo'4n] Ps pTs[i6 df]8]n jf gd"gfsf] e'ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] 5 .

df]8]n jf gd"gf ljljw If]qdf / ljljw 9+usf x'g] ub{5g\\ . df]8]n eg]sf] s'g} cfbz{, cf:yf jf OlR5t eljiosf] Ps pTs[i6 /]vfª\sg xf] . o; k|sf/sf] df]8]n jf gd"gf s'g} pTs[i6 ljrf/, ;+u7g, gLlt, of]hgf / sfd sfjf{xLsf ?kdf cleJoQm x'g] ub{5 . oxf“ xfdLn] eGg vf]h]sf] df]8]n qmflGtsf] cfbz{, cf:yf / OlR5t eljiosf] Ps ;'Gb/ tyf d"t{ /]vfª\sg;+u ;DalGwt /x]sf] 5 .

cfh xfdLn] dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] hudf v8f e} tyf To;eGbf klg cem dfly p7\t} g]kfndf s;/L qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ / ;Defljt k|ltqmflGtnfO{ s;/L /f]Sg] eGg]af/] Ps pTs[i6 ;Gbe{df xfdLn] k|r08kysf ?kdf j}rfl/s ;+Zn]if0f u/]/ df]8]n lgdf{0fsf] ;}4flGts cfwf/ tof/ kf/]sf 5f}+ . To;} j}rfl/s cfwf/df xfdLn] dxfg\\ hgo'4sf /fhgLlts tyf kmf}hL sfo{lbzf, ltgsf ljleGg of]hgf, /0fgLlt, / sfo{gLltsf >[vnf tof/ kfb}{ / ltgnfO{ b[9 ;+sNksf ;fy sfof{Gjog ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . o;} k|lqmofdf gof“ 9+unsf] kf6L{, gof“ hg;]gf / gof“ hg;Qf ag]sf 5g\\ . oL ;a} ldn]/ g]kfnL dfcf]jfbL hgo'4 ag]sf] 5 / of] jt{dfg ljZjsf ljleGg hgo'4x? dWo] clu|d k+lQmdf /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgo'4af6 ljZj;j{xf/f ju{ / d'lQmsfdL hg;d'bfon] cToGt} 7"nf] cfzf / ck]Iff u/]sf 5g\\ . l7s o;} cy{df g]kfnL hgo'4 cfhsf] ljZjdf Ps ;'Gb/ df]8]n aGg uPsf] 5 . xfdLn] s'g} dgf]ut OR5faf6 clek|]l/t eP/ df]8]n lgdf{0f ug{ uPsf xf]Ogf}+, clkt' g]kfndf ljZj qmflGtsf] Ps cfwf/ Onfsf agfpg] j:t'ut cfjZostfcg'?k dxfg\\ hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf nfUbf o;f] x'g uPsf] xf] / o;nfO{ xfdLn] ljZj;j{xf/f ju{n] k"/f ug'{ kg]{ Ps dxfg\\ P]ltxfl;s bfloTjsf ?kdf lnPsf 5f}+ .

cfh g]kfnL hgo'4 /fli6«o b[li6n] dfq xf]Og, cGt//fli6«o b[li6n] x]bf{ klg Ps ;+uLg P]ltxfl;s df]8df v8f 5 . clxn]sf]
/0fgLlts ;Gt'ng / jftf{sf] k|lqmofdf cfp“bf g]kfnL hgo'4sf ;fd" Oltxf;df slxNo} b]vf gk/]sf dxfg\\ ;Defjgf / uDeL/ r'gf}tL

v8f 5g\\ . b]z leqsf] l:yltnfO{ x]bf{ xfdL s/La ljhosf] ;lGgs6 5f}+ / xfd|f nflu qmflGtsf/L kl/l:ylt w]/} g} cg's"n 5 . k|ltlqmofjfbL ju{, ltgsf ;+u7g tyf hgfwf/ / k"/fgf] ;Qf cf;Gg Wj+; / dxfljklQsf] l:yltdf 5g\\ . pHHjn eljio af]s]sf] gof“ ju{ / hg;d'bfo, ltgsf ;+u7g / gof“ hg;Qf zlQmzfnL nx/sf ?kdf ljsl;t / :yflkt x'“b} uPsf 5g\\ .
k/Gt' clxn]sf] cGt//fli6«o kl/l:ylt eg] xfd|f nflu w]/} g} k|lts"n /x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] k|ltlqmofjfbL ju{sf] cl:tTj /
k"/fgf] /fHo;QfnfO{ arfpgsf nflu cfly{s, /fhg}lts / kmf}hL ?kdf cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] g]kfnL wtL{df l;w} / gfª\u} x:tIf]k ug{ u}/x]sf] 5 . clxn] g]kfnL hg;d'bfo / cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb aLr cfDg]–;fDg]sf] 6Ss/ rNg u}/x]sf] 5 . ljZj;j{xf/f ju{ / Gofok|]dL hg;d'bfosf] g]kfnL hgo'4 k|lt Jofks /fhg}lts tyf g}lts ;dy{g /x]klg cfjZostfcg'?k ef}lts ;xof]u k|fKt x'g ;Sg] l:ylt 5}g . oxL g} cfh xfd|f nflu Ps uDeL/ r'gf}tL aGg uPsf] 5 .

k|lts"ntfnfO{ cg's"ntfdf s;/L km]g]{ < oxL g} clxn] xfd|f nflu uDeL/ rf;f]sf] ljifo xf] . qmflGtsf nflu cGt//fli6«o ?kdf klg dxfg\\ ;Defjgfsf 9f]sfx? v'Nb} 5g\\ . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] Ps5q x}sd / Ps w'|jLo ljZjJoj:yfnfO{ tf]8\b} hfg] ax'w|'jLo k|of;x? cufl8 a9\b} 5g\\ / ljZjhg;d'bfo klg ljikmf]6sf] k|s[of tkm{ nfda4 x'b}5g\\ . ljZjsf sDo'lgi6
qmflGtsf/Lx?n] klg cfTdut tof/Lsf] lbzfdf cfjZos kfOnf rfNb}5g\\ . t/ olt ;a} eP/ klg tL k|of; clxn]sf] xfd|f] vf“rf] 6fg{ ckof{Kt /x]sf 5g\\ . clxn]sf] k|lts"ntfnfO{ cg's"ntfdf km]g{sf] nflu of] a]nf xfdLn] cfkm\g} tkm{af6 ljz]if kxn / k|oTg ug'{ afx]s s'g} csf]{ ljsNk 5}g .

of] a]nf xfdLn] lj1fgnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ / To;df e/ k/]/ cufl8 a9\g' kb{5 . Tof] lj1fg eg]sf] dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08ky xf] . g]kfnL wtL{df dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] k|of]u ubf{ k|r08ky hlGdPsf] xf] . dxfg\\ hgo'4nfO{ clxn]sf] /0fgLlts ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yfdf NofO{ k'¥ofpgdf k|r08kysf] g]t[Tjsf/L e'ldsf /x]sf] 5 . hgo'4sf] of] l;+uf] cjlwdf dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kyåf/f lgb]{lzt kf6L{sf gLlt of]hgf / lg0f{ox?sf] j}1flgstf zfgbf/ ?kdf k'i6L e};s]sf] 5 . o; cy{df xfdLnfO{ s] ljZjf; 5 eg] k|r08kynfO{ l7s;+u a'em\g] / nfu" ug]{ sfdnfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s lnPdf hgo'4nfO{ ljhosf] csf]{ lzv/df k'¥ofpg cjZo} ;lsG5 .

k|r08kynfO{ l7s;+u a'em\g] / nfu" ug]{ s'/fsf ljleGg kf6f 5g\\ lt dWo] jt{dfg ;Gbe{df d'VotM b'O{ kf6fdfly ljz]if Wofg lbg cfjZos 5 . tL b'O{ kf6f x'g\–

klxnf]M cGt/lj/f]wx?sf] ;xL klxrfg / l;h{gf ug]{ sfd . /fli6«o ?kdf cGt/lj/f]wx?sf] ;xL klxrfg, kl/rfng / ;[hgf ug]{ sfddf xfdLn] dxTjk"0f{ ;kmntf xfl;n ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ / ca xfdLn] of] sfdnfO{ cGt//fli6«o ?kdf;d]t zfgbf/ ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg h?/L 5 .

bf];|f]M /0fgLltdf b[9 / sfo{gLltdf nrsbf/ aGg] sfd . ljut ;ft jif{sf] cjlwdf xfdLn] /0fgLlts b[9tf / sfo{gLlts nrstfsf] åGbjfbnfO{ /fhgLlts / kmf}hL b'j} If]qdf s'zntfk"j{s k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . t/ klg of] cjlwdf d'VotM
/0fgLlts b[9tf tkm{ g} xfd|f] ljz]if hf]8 /lxcfPsf] 5 . k/Gt' clxn] xfdL cfjZostfcg';f/ b]z, qmflGt / hgtfsf ;jf]{Qd lxtsf lglDt cTolws nrsbf/ klg aGg ;Sg' kb{5 . cu|ufdL 5nfª xfGg] p2]Zo k|fKtsf nflu slxn] sflx+ s]xL k5fl8 kms{g klg cfjZos x'G5 .

k/Gt', oxf“ k|Zg k|r08kynfO{ a'em\g] / nfu" ug]{ dfq xf]Og . clkt' d'Vo k|Zg t k|r08kynfO{ csf]{ gof“ p“rfOdf ljsl;t ug]{
xf] . xfdLn] k|r08kysf] ?kdf j}rfl/s ;+Zn]if0f u/]sf] b'O{ jif{ k"/f e};s]sf] 5 . of] cjlwdf j}rfl/s If]qsf ljleGg kf6fx?df hgo'4sf] gof“ p“rfO{;+u} k|r08kysf] ljsf; x'“b} uPsf] 5 . kf6L{ s]Gb|df kl5Nnf x/]s of]hgfsf] lg0f{o / ltgsf] sfof{Gjogsf] aLraf6 k|r08ky ljsl;t x'“b} uPsf] 5 / To;n] csf]{ gof“ ;+Zn]if0fsf] dfu ug]{ a]nf cfpg} nfu]sf] 5 . @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf kf6L{, hg;]gf / hg;QfnfO{ j}rfl/s / ;f+u7lgs b[li6n] csf]{ gof“ p“rfO{df s;/L p7fpg] < qmflGt, hgo'4 / hgjfbsf]
cjwf/0ffnfO{ s;/L ljsf; ug]{ < cfhsf] o'udf qmflGt s;/L ;DkGg ug]{ / ;Defljt k|ltqmflGtnfO{ s;/L /f]Sg] < oL cfhsf g]kfnL / ljZj qmflGtsf uDeL/ r'gf}tL x'g\ . logsf] ;xL ;dfwfgsf nflu xfdLn] Psflt/ qmflGtnfO{ lg/Gt/ cufl8 a9fpg] / csf]{lt/ k|r08kynfO{ csf]{ p“rfO{df ljsl;t t'Nofpg] lbzfdf uDeL/tfk"j{s ;f]Rg h?/L 5 . clg dfq g]kfnL hgo'4 g]kfn / ljZjs} ;fd" qmflGtsf] jf:tljs df]8]n aGg ;St5 .

l;+uf] qmflGt / dxfg\\ hgo'4sf ;fd" pkl:yt uDeL/ r'gf}tLx?sf] ;fdgf ub}{ dxfg\\ ;Defjgfx? klxNofpg / eLif0f k|lts"ntfx?nfO{ cg's"ntfdf km]b}{ cufl8 a9\gsf nflu jt{dfg ;Gbe{df k|r08kynfO{ l7s;+u a'em\g], nfu" ug]{ / ljsl;t t'Nofpg] s'/fsf] ljz]if dxTj 5 . l7s of] ljGb'df cfp“bf h8\;"qjfb / cg'ejjfb jf ax'njfbsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{n] csf]{ gof“ k|s[ofdf k|j]z ug]{ ;Defjgf klg k|jn /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o'4lj/fd / jftf{sf] of] h6Ln k|lqmofdf qmflGtsf leq / aflx/sf b'Zdgx?n] cg]sf}+ if8\oGqx? ug{ ;St5g\\ . Tof] l:yltdf h8\;"qjfbaf6 l;2fGtsf] /Iff / /0fgLlts b[9tfsf] gfddf l;4fGtsf] ljsf; / sfo{gLlts nrstfsf] gfddf qmflGtsf/L l;2fGt / /0fgLlts} kl/Tofu ug]{ vt/f k}bf x'g ;St5 . oxf“lg/ xfdL ;ts{ aGg' kb{5 . qmflGtn] ljrf/sf] ljsf; ub{5 / ljrf/n] qmflGtsf] ljsf; ub{5 . qmflGt / ljrf/ aLrsf] åGbfTds ;DaGwnfO{ l7s ;+u a'em\g] / ltgsf] ljsf; ug]{ sfd uDeL/ eGbf uDeL/ vt/fx?sf aLrdf v]n]/ dfq x'g ;Sb5 / To;sf lglDt xfdL t}of/ /xg' kb{5 . @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] df]8]nsf] ?kdf hgo'4 / k|r08kysf] cu|ufdL ljsf;sf lglDt s'g} klg If]qdf b]vfkg]{ r'gf}tLnfO{ :jLsf/ ug'{ / To;sf] ;fdgf ug{ tof/ /xg' afx]s xfdL;+u csf]{ ljsNk 5}g .

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