j}s'07 :d[lt cleofgsf p2]Zox¿

!= d'Vo p2]Zo M

ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbåf/f lgb]{lzt ;fdGtL clwgfosjfblj?4 yflnPsf] k|Tofqmd0fsf] d"n of]hgfsf] ;]jf x'g] u/L ;+u7g, ;+3if{, ljrf/ / ljlwsf] ljsf; ug]{ .

@= ;xfos p2]Zox¿ M

-c_ hgzlQmsf] ;fk]lIft s]Gb|Ls/0f u/L dftxtsf sld6Lx¿nfO{ k|lt/f]wL agfpg plrt kl/rfng ug]{ .

-cf_ ;+u7gfTds k|lqmofsf ljljw ¿kx¿nfO{ k|of]u ub}{ ;+u7gsf x/]s lqmofsnfknfO{ r':t / ultzLn agfpg] .

-O_ ;+u7gsf] ldlnlzofs/0f ub}{ a9Ldf sDkgL :t/sf] kmd]{zg agfpg] .

-O{_ qmflGtsf/L sfo{stf{sf] pTkfbg ug]{ .

-p_ ef/tLo lj:tf/jfblj?4 Jofks e08fkmf]/ ub}{ To;lj?4 n8\g cfjZos tof/L ug]{ .

-pm_ s7f]/ d]xgtsf ;fy ;+u7g lgdf{0f ug]{ .

ljlw M

-c_ hgtfsf] g]t[Tj ub}{ ;+u7gx¿sf] ultzLn kl/rfng ug]{ .

-cf_ ljljw ljifoj:t' -k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt_ dfly k|lzIf0f lbg] .

-O_ hgjfbL s]Gb|Lotfsf] ;xL cEof; ub}{ a}7s÷e]nf÷ ;Dd]ngx¿ ug]{ .

-O{_ >dlzlj/ ;+rfng ug{] .

-p_ ;+u7gleq cfTdfnf]rgf–cfnf]rgf;lxtsf] z'4Ls/0f cleofg ;'? ug{] .

-pm_ ;+ul7t zlQmnfO{ clgjfo{ ?kdf ;+3if{df ;xeflu u/fpg] .

-C_ kl/jlt{t l:ylt / cfjZostfcg';f/ l;h{gfTdstf k|of]u ug{] .

;DkfbsLo

ck/fho of]4f

8]9 bzskl5 of]4f km]l/ o'4d}bfgdf cfp“b}5 . oL aLrsf jif{x¿ g]kfnL ;dfh cu|ufdL ¿kfGt/0fsf] lbzfdf eLif0f pynk'ynsf/L, /Qm/+hLt, P]ltxfl;s / clj:d/0fLo /x] . ;dfh ljsf;sf] qmddf u'0ffTds km8\sf]sf] k|ltlglwTj ug{] g]kfnL hgo'4, h;sf] cGt/f{li6«o cGt/j:t' / /fli6«o ¿k 5, ca Tof] cGt/j:t'cg';f/sf] ¿kdf km]l/+b} 5 . Jojxf/–1fg–Jojxf/ clg km]l/ 1fgsf] cgGt rqmaf6 o;n] Pp6f gof“ j}rfl/s ;u/dfyf 5'“b}5 . o;aLrdf of]4f xfd|f] xftdf cfPg t/ of]4fx¿ eg] xfd|f] ;fydf lg/Gt/ eO/x] . of]4fx¿ ju{a}/Llj?4sf] uf}/jk"0f{ n8fO{+ lg/Gt/ nl8/x] . l9n} eP klg of]4fx¿sf] xftdf of]4f k'¥ofpg kfp“bf xfdLnfO{ olta]nf c;Ld uf}/jsf] cg'e"lt eO/x]sf] 5 . tkfO{+ of]4fx¿sf] xftdf of] of]4f ydfpg'sf] cy{ ;j{xf/fju{sf aflx/L / leqL zq'lj?4 n8\g] wfl/nf] j}rfl/s xltof/ k|bfg ug{' xf] .

of]4f hlta]nf xfdLn] o;nfO{ la;fPsf lyof}+ Tof] a]nf h; -c=g]=/f=:j=lj=o'=_ sf] d'v–kq lyof], of] j:t' -xfd|f] ;+u7g_ n] klg cfkm"nfO{ ;f/cg'¿k g} ¿k cleJoQm u/]sf] 5 / cfkm"nfO{ cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ agfPsf] 5 . of] ljrf/, ;+u7g / cfGbf]ngdf ePsf] ljsf;sf] cleJolQmafx]s c¿ s]xL xf]Og .

b]z olta]nf k|;j j]bgfdf 5, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;'8]gLsf] e"ldsf k"/f ub{}5 . lgs6 eljiod} dWoo'uLg ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbLx¿sf] clwgfosTj /x]sf] ;dfhsf] ue{af6 gf}nf] g]kfnsf] hGd x'“b}5 . gf}nf] g]kfn lgdf{0ffy{ Pp6f a[xt\ k|sf/sf] ;femf df]rf{ aGg] lbzfdf ;sf/fTds cu|ufdL ;+s]tx¿ b]vfk/]sf 5g\ / ;Defjgfx¿ df}h"b 5g\ . ljzfn u|fdL0f d'QmOnfsf -cfwf/Onfsf_ b]lv k|To]s zx/sf uNnL–uNnLx¿df 3lGs/x]sf u0ftGq g]kfn–lhGbfjfbsf o'lug cfjfhx¿nfO{ ;+;f/sf] s'g} klg afbzfxn] tx nufpg] ;fdYo{ /fVb}g . lsgls, hgtfsf] cfºg} Kof/f] hgd'lQm ;]gf 5, hf] pbLodfg / ck/fho 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf ljzfn hg;d'bfosf] ;fydf 5 / 5g\ ;fydf ;fdGtL /fhtGqsf] cGTo rfxg] k|ultzLn k'“hLjfbLx¿ . ;fdGt, gf]s/zfx / bnfn k'“hLkltju{sf] cj}w u7hf]8sf] Joj:yfdf cfOk/]sf] ;+s6n] P]ltxfl;s w'|jLs/0fsf] k|lqmof yfngL ul/lbPsf] 5 . Tof] ;+s6sf] ;dfwfg cfjZos / ;Dej b'j} Tolta]nf x'g]5, hlta]nf dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bLo bnx¿;lxtsf] gof“ g]kfnL /fhgLlts d"nwf/sf] lgdf{0f ub{} k'“hLjfbL–hgjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg ul/g]5 .

g]kfnL qmflGtsf] dfWodåf/f clxn] xfdLx¿ d"ntM # j6f cleef/fx¿ k"/f ul//x]sf 5f}+ . c;fWo} dxŒjk"0f{ / ;+j]bgzLn tL cleef/fx¿ x'g\– z'4Ls/0f, ljrf/ ;+Zn]if0f / /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0f . ljrf/, ;+u7g / ;+:s[ltdf b]vfkg{] ljleGgvfn] kmf]x/d}nfx¿nfO{ wf]OkvfnL ug{ g]kfnL df}lnstf / ljlzi6tf;lxtsf] z'4Ls/0f k|lqmof hf/L 5, h;n] ljrf/ ;+Zn]if0fsf] nflu cfTdfut cfwf/ k|bfg ug{]5 eg] j:t'ut cfwf/ l;+uf] hgo'4n] k|bfg ul//x]sf] 5 . lglZrt ¿kdf @)cf}+ ztfAbLdf ;DkGg dxfg\ qmflGt / eofgs k|ltqmflGtsf k|r'/ cg'ejx¿, lj1fg / k|ljlwdf ePsf] ce"tk"j{ ljsf;, ;fd|fHojfbn] v8f u/]sf ;a} r'gf}tLx¿ / ljleGg /fli6«o d'lQm / juL{o d'lQm cfGbf]ng;“u} g]kfnL hgo'4s} hLjGt cg'ej;lxt @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] ;j{xf/fju{n] gof“ ljrf/ ;+Zn]if0flagf cfufdL r'gf}tLsf kx/fx¿ kG5fpg ;Sb}g . of] P]ltxfl;s sfo{ >4]o kf6L{ cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08sf] g]t[Tjdf ;j{xf/fju{n] s'zntfk"j{s k"/f ub{}5 . ljrf/ lgdf{0f, ;+Zn]if0f / ;Dk|]if0fsf] uDeL/ k|lqmofdf xfdL ;a}n] cfkm"nfO{ /ldt] xf]Og, ;lqmo ;xefuL agfpg' h?/L ePsf] 5 . Jofks ax;sf ;fy ul/g] ljrf/sf] pRr ;+Zn]if0f / ;+u7gdf sfod ul/g] gof“ cfwf/sf] gof“ Pstfn] /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf] If]qdf ce"tk"j{ ;kmntfx¿ k|fKt x'g]df s'g} z+sf 5}g .

;du| If]qdf h:t} z}lIfs If]qdf klg b'O{ z}lIfs k|0ffnLx¿ …;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbLx¿sf] slyt /fi6«jfbL lzIff / hgtfsf] hgjfbL lzIffÚsf] aLrdf cfufsf nKsf lg:sg] u/L eL8Gt rln/x]sf] 5 . ;fdGtL b/af/n] slyt /fi6«jfbL lzIffsf] gfddf cfkm"nfO{ O{Zj/sf] cjtf/sf] ¿kdf pEofpg] b'ik|of; ub{}5 . /fhfnfO{ O{Zj/sf] kbjL g]kfnL hgtfn] slxNo} klg lbPsf 5}gg\ / ca klg lbg] 5}gg\ . g]kfnL ;dfh k|frLgsfnb]lv u0fk|yfdf cfwfl/t ;dfh xf] / ef]ln klg ;Eo -j}1flgs_ u0fk|yfd} cfwfl/t ;dfh x'g]5 . /fhtGq g]kfnL ;dfhsf] vGr'jf kfx'gf dfq xf] . o;sf] ljbfO lglZrt 5 . g]kfnL hgtfn] 1fg]Gb|nfO{ PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] g]kf]lnog, n'O{; !^cf}+, lx6n/, d';f]lngL, hf/zfxL, Rofª sfO z]s, lkg];f] / h+u] cflb–cflbsf] cjtf/ dfGg ;S5g\ a9\tf xf]Og . ;fdGtL Joj:yf / p;sf] lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{ lrtfdf k'¥ofpg] ;'dfu{sf] sne6{ s;}n] eTsfpg ;Sb}g . a? gf}nf] k|of]u / ljsf;sf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] hgjfbL lzIff k|0ffnL -;'dfu{sf] sne6{_ sf] ljsf; / lj:tf/sf] k|lqmofnfO{ gof“ :t/af6 cleofgfTds ¿kdf ;+rfng ug{' HjnGt cfjZostf eO;Sof] . b]z dxfg\ o'4sf] clGtd k|lqmofdf ;fd]n eO/x]sf] a]nfsf] hgjfbL lzIff eg]sf] d"ntM o'4 lzIff g} x'g]5 . h;n] cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08n] eg]h:t} ljBfno, sn]h / ljZjljBfnox¿nfO{ qmflGtsf 6]«Grdf kl/0ft ug{ d2t ug{]5 .

y'k|} d]xgtx¿ ubf{ub{} klg sltko o'4 hl6ntfx¿n] ubf{ cu|h lhDd]jf/ ;fyLx¿sf ;fdu|Lx¿ of]4fdf h'6fpg ;lsPg . o;nfO{ cfufdL lbgdf k"/f ug{] k|oTg hf/L /xg]5 . z}lIfs If]qsf ;du| ;fdu|Lx¿ ;d]6\gdf ;d]t s]xL cefj /xg uPsf] 5 . of]4f d"ntM leqL / aflx/L cfGbf]ng ljsf;sf] Ps ljlzi6 r/0fdf plePsfn] o;sf] ljifok|;“u / ljifosf] uxgtf Pj+ dxŒjnfO{ lj1 kf7sx¿n] ;f]xL¿kdf u|x0f ug{'x'g]5 . of]4fsf] lg/Gt/ Pj+ :t/ ljsf; xfd|f] k|lta4tf x'g]5 . /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / ;'emfj cfjZos / u|x0fLo x'g]5 . oxL dd{sf ;fy xfd|f] ;+u7g clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] d'v–kq !% jif{kl5 o'4d}bfgdf cfPsf] 5 .

k

ljifo–;"rL

;DkfbsLo

w ck/fho of]4f÷-s_

n]v v08

!= ju{;+3if{ / ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng– s=k|r08÷!

@= hgjfbL lzIff gLlt M Ps cWoog– b]j u'?ª÷#%

#= o'jf ljBFyL{x¿n] Wofg lbg'kg{] s]xL s'/fx¿– g]qljqmd rGb÷#(

$= g]kfnL qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] lbzf– n]vgfy Gof}kfg]÷$#

%= cleofg M Ps 5nkmn– n]vgfy Gof}kfg]÷%)

^= lng Kofcf]sf] kf6L{lj/f]wL u'6nfO{ k/f:t ug{df k|fKt ljhoaf/]÷%%

&= g]kfnL z}lIfs k|ltlglwx¿;“u s=dfcf]sf] s'/fsfgL÷^)

b:tfj]h v08

*= kl/jlt{t kl/l:ylt / xfd|f gof“ sfo{ef/x¿÷^@

(= cGt/;+3if{sf] ljsf; k|lqmof÷*#

!)= s= nfnWjhsf] kq / cGo lqmofsnfkaf/]÷(@

!!= ljz]if If]qsf gof“ cleef/fx¿÷!)!

!@= s= nfnWjhn] x]8Sjf6{/df a'emfpg'ePsf] kq÷!!@

clkn, lr7L / jQmJo v08

-s_ clkn÷!!^

-v_ lr7L÷!@)

-u_ s]Gb|Lo sfof{noåf/f k|sflzt jQmJox¿÷!@#

ju{;+3if{ / ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng*

l s=k|r08

cWoIf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_

sd/]8x¿ † lxhf] lbgel/ xfdLx¿n] cToGt uDeL/tfk"j{s tkfO{+x¿sf l/kf]6{ ;'Gof}+ . Oltxf;sf] ;+uLg df]8df xfdL ;a} v8f 5f}+ . ;fdfGotM eGbf o;nfO{ g]kfnsf] 9fO{ ;o jif{sf] Oltxf; eGg ;lsG5 eg] /fhgLlts cfGbf]ngsf] pd]/sf] b[li6n] sl/a %)–%% jif{sf] Oltxf; eGg ;lsG5 . oxL Oltxf;sf] c;fWo} uDeL/, c;fWo} ;+qmd0fsfnLg / c;fWo} ;+j]bgzLn df]8df xfdL 5f}+ . cem 7f]; ¿kdf eGg] xf] eg] g]kfnsf] hgo'4 @)%@ kmfu'g ! ut]af6 xfd|f] g]t[Tjdf kxn eof] . o;n] b'O{j6f /0fgLlts r/0f kf/ u/]/ t];|f], lg0ff{os / clGtd r/0fdf k|j]z u/]kl5 To;sf] klg klxnf] of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogsf] klxnf] kIf ;kmn x'“b} cufl8 a9]sf] ;Gbe{df of] a;fO rln/x]sf] 5 . To;sf/0f :jfefljs ¿kdf tkfO“{x¿sf] l/kf]6{df xfdLn] a'‰g] s'/f s] 5 eg] tL aflx/L ;dfhdf rln/x]sf ju{;+3if{sf, ju{o'4sf / ;dfhdf rNg] j}rfl/s ax;sf k|ltljDax¿ x'g\ . oL ;a} tkfO{“x¿sf l/kf]6{df cleJoQm x'Gy] g} / dnfO{ nfU5 eP klg . l/kf]6{n] o'4;“u ;DalGwt ljifo klg 5f]of] . ljrf/;“u ;DalGwt ljifo klg 5f]of] / ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng;“u ;DalGwt ljifox¿ klg 5f]of] . h'g t/¨ clxn] ;dfhdf rn]sf] 5, vf; u/L xfdLn] k|Tofqmd0fsf] of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/;s]kl5 / k|Tofqmd0fsf] of]hgf;“u} xfdLn] ljrf/ ;+Zn]if0fsf] af/]df, ;fd|fHojfb cem vf; u/L ef/tLo lj:tf/jfblj?4 xfdLn] ca tL/x¿ ;f]‰ofp“b} hfg'k5{ eGg] hf] P]ltxfl;s dxŒjsf lg0f{ox¿ xfd|f] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] lnof] / oL lg0f{ox¿ ;fj{hlgs eO;s]kl5 xfdLn] k|:6} s] b]Vof}+ eg] cGt/f{li6«o ;fd|fHojfbLx¿ / b]zleqsf klg /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfbLx¿ egf}+ of k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿ k'/fgf] ;Qf, zfxL kmfl;jfbL ;Qf h] eg] klg h] xfdLn] eGb} cfPsf 5f}+, tL ;a}nfO{ gof“ 9+uaf6 ;f]Rg afWo kf¥of] . clxn] xfd|f] kxnsbdL cufl8 a9\b} hfg] qmddf y'k|}–y'k|} t/¨x¿ ;dfhdf k}bf eO/fv]sf 5g\ . xfd|f] b]z / ;dfhdf dfq geP/ cGt/f{li6«o /fhgLltdf klg gof“ t/¨ l;h{gf ub{} of] cufl8 al9/fv]sf] 5 .

To;sf/0f d}n] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] tkm{af6 eGg' kbf{ tkfO{“x¿sf l/kf]6{x¿ ck]lIft g} lyP . lglZrt ¿kdf tkfO{+x¿ a9L o'jf ljBfyL{x¿ ePsf] / ljBfyL{ df]rf{sf] tkm{af6 af]n]sf] x'gfn] klg :jfefljs ¿kdf Toxf“ ljBfyL{ rl/q emNsGYof] / emlNsof] klg . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 / xfdLn] s] a'‰g' k5{ eg] xfd|f] qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;df x]bf{ Pp6f o:tf] r/0f 5 . hlta]nf kf6L{x¿ d'VotM sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿ ;'wf/jfb / ;+zf]wgjfbsf] bnbndf km;]sf] / o;sf] g]t[Tj o:tf] bnbndf kml;/fv]sf] l:yltdf ;dfhsf] qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ng, qmflGtsf/L hgtfsf] efjgf / k|j[lQsf] k|ltlglwTj xfd|f] b]zdf d'VotM ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] u/]sf] Pp6f nfdf] Oltxf; 5 . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5, @)@@ ;fnkl5 k~rfotsfndf, hlta]nf kf6L{x¿ k|ltalGwt lyP, Tolta]nf jf:tjdf ;dfhdf kf6L{x¿n] v]Ng'kg{] /fhgLlts e"ldsf ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngn] v]Nof] . ;+zf]wgjfbL wf/f / qmflGtsf/L wf/f jf ;'wf/jfbL wf/f / qmflGtsf/L wf/fsf] k|ltljDag sxf“af6 b]lvGYof] t ;dfhdf eGbf ljBfyL{af6 g} b]lvGYof] . 7"nf–7"nf ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf Oltxf; / ju{;+3if{sf] Oltxf;df klg xfdLn] vf;–vf; P]ltxfl;s df]8x¿df x]¥of}+ eg] ljBfyL{n] ;'? / kxn ul/;s]kl5 dfq} Tof] ls;fg;Dd k'u]sf] 5 / 7"n–7"nf ls;fg ;+3if{sf] ¿k lng k'u]sf] 5 . xfdLn] @)@* ;fnnfO{ klg of] ¿kdf x]g{ ;S5f}+ . xfdL )#^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngnfO{ klg ToxL ¿kdf a'‰5f}+ . kfls:tfgsf] h'NkmLs/ cln e'§f]sf] kmf“;L;“u ;DalGwt eP/ sf7df8f}+df ;'? ePsf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngkl5 ufp“–ufp“df 7"nf–7"nf ls;fg cfGbf]ngx¿df lj:tfl/t eof] . xfdL )$^ ;fndf klg oxL b]Vg ;S5f}+ .

of] xfd|f] b]zsf] dfq ;Gbe{sf] s'/f] xf]Og . xfdL rLgs} s'/f u¥of}+ eg] $ dO{sf] cfGbf]ng eg]/ !(!( sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ elgG5, hlta]nf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ u7g klg ePsf] lyPg Toxf“ . Tolta]nf klg ljBfyL{x¿af6} Toxf“sf] ;fdGtjfbsf] lj?4 / ;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 Pp6f cfGbf]ngsf] kxn ePsf] lyof] . o;/L g} xfdL y'k|} b]zdf o:tf] pbfx/0f b]Vg ;S5f}+ . To;sf/0f xfdL x]g{ ;S5f}+ Pp6f kxnstf{ cyjf qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] kxnstf{sf] ¿kdf ljBfyL{x¿n] ljZjJofkL lrqdf dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] u/]sf 5g\ . t/ ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf ;Ldf klg xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 . Tof] Pp6f kxnstf{ t x'g ;S5 t/ Tof] lgsf; lbg] xb;Dd, j}rfl/s ¿kn] k"/} lgb{]lzt ug{] xb;Dd rflx+ hfg ;Sb}g . h:t} yfONof08sf] / ef/ts} klg sltko k|fGtsf ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng xfdL b]V5f}+, pgLx¿ /fhgLlts ;kmntfsf] lgsf; lbg] xb;Dd k'Ug ;s]gg\ . km]l/ o;sf] nflu Pp6f :jfefljs k|lqmofdf Pp6f ljrf/sf], Pp6f ju{sf], Pp6f bz{gsf] of] cfGbf]ngnfO{ g]t[Tjsf] vf“rf] kg{] u5{ . of] g]t[Tj kfof] eg] km]l/ lgsf; lbg] a]nfdf klg c;fWo} dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf klg ljBfyL{ ;d'bfos} x'g cfp“5 . of] klg xfdL ;“u;“u} b]V5f}+ . of] ljZjJofkL klg b]V5f}+ / xfd|f] b]zsf] ;Gbe{df klg b]V5f}+ . ha xfdLn] hgo'4sf] kxn u¥of}+ / oxf“;Dd Nofof}+, o;df klg xfdLn] s] b]V5f}+ eg] hgo'4nfO{ ufp“–ufp“df km}nfpg] s'/f, zx/ahf/df Pp6f ljb|f]xsf] ¿kdf cufl8 a9fpg] s'/f x]bf{v]/L klg ljBfyL{ df]rf{sf] c;fWo} dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x“b} cfPsf] 5 .

ha xfdL /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf] s'/f u5f{}+, :jfefljs ¿kn] km]l/ Psrf]6L ljBfyL{x¿sf] jf z}lIfs If]qsf] e"ldsf c;fWo} ;+j]bgzLn / c;fWo} dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsfsf] ck]Iff To;n] /fVb5 . Tof] e"ldsfnfO{ gof“ 9+un] kl/eflift ug{], To;sf of]hgfnfO{ gof“ 9+un] kl/eflift ug{] / To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{] u/L Pp6f 7"nf] cleofg ;[li6 ug{] ;dodf of] a;fO eO/x]sf] 5 eGg] klg xfdLn] a'‰g'k5{ . lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] If]qnfO{ x]¥of}+ eg] x/]s qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngdf lg0ff{os} t gegf}+ t/ o:tf] cfwf/e"t If]q /x“b} cfPsf] 5 ls Pp6f sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] qmflGtsf] k|lqmofnfO{ ljho;Dd 8f]¥ofpg ;S5 ls ;Sb}g eGg] s'/fsf] Pp6f cfwf/e"t tŒj lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] If]q x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ x]g{], o;nfO{ kl/rfng ug{] Tof] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] gLlt, of]hgf, sfo{qmd s:tf] 5 eGg]df e/ k5{ . qmflGt ;DkGg ug{sf] lglDt dfq xf]Og, k|ltqmflGtsf] lglDt klg lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] If]qn] g} hxf“ klg xfdL s] b]V5f}+ eg] c;fWo} 8/nfUbf] e"ldsf ToxLaf6} x'g] u/]sf] 5 . of] If]qdf u8a8L vfof] eg] w]/} ;d:ofx¿ cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ lsgls qmflGt ;DkGg ug{ jf k|ltqmflGtsf/Lx¿n] k|ltqmflGtnfO{ sfdofj ug{sf lglDt cyjf k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿sf] lglDt klg / ;j{xf/fjfbLx¿sf] lglDt klg hgdt ;[li6 ug{] s'/f dxŒjk"0f{ x'g] u5{ . of] hgdt ;[li6 ug{] If]q klg k¥of] . To;sf/0f of] If]qdf xfdL s] b]V5f}+ eg] dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL–dfcf]jfbLx¿n] @)cf}+ ztfAbLsf qmflGt / k|ltqmflGtsf ;Gbe{df h–h;n] lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] If]qnfO{ ;'?b]lv ;j{xf/f g]t[TjcGtu{t / ;j{xf/f /fhgLltcGtu{t 7Ls 9+un] kl/rflnt ug{ ;s], To;af6 Pp6f qmflGtsf/L hgdt lgdf{0f x'g] / qmflGtnfO{ ;kmntf;Dd k'¥ofpg klg ;s] . qmflGt ;kmn x'g] lalQs}sf] klxnf] k|fyldstfsf] If]q klg lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] If]q x'g' k5{ . hxf“ s:tf] ljrf/x¿ ;Dk|]if0f ug{] jf s;/L ;Dk|]if0f ug{] eg]/ t'?Gt} ljlw lglZrt ul/g' k5{ . hgtf, xhf/f}+ jif{b]lv ;fdGtjfb, ;fd|fHojfb cyjf ljleGgvfn] k|ltlqmofjfbsf] Ps vfnsf] bf;tfdf / Psvfnsf] ;+:sf/df lzlIft–bLlIft 5g\ . of] k'/fgf] ;+:sf/nfO{ lgsfn]/ kmfNg], To;nfO{ a9fg{] h] eg] klg cyjf To;nfO{ x6fpg] / gof“ ;+:s[lt / gof“ lzIff cyjf gof“ ljrf/ Tof] 7fp“df eg{] sfddf clnslt klg l9nf;':tL / clnslt klg Tof] sfdsf] dxŒjnfO{ cjd"Nog ul/of] eg] k|ltqmflGt t'?Gt} x'g ;Sg] vt/fx¿ /xG5g\ .

h:tf] ¿;L qmflGtn] cfkm"nfO{ nfdf] cjlw;Dd l6sfpg ;Sof] . To;sf] k5fl8sf] Pp6f sf/0f h:tf] n]lggx¿n] ;aeGbf a9L hf]8 lbPsf] lzIff / ;+:s[ltsf] If]q lyof] . qmflGt ;kmn x'g] lalQs} hf]8 lbPsf] If]q eg]sf] ljrf/sf] If]q k¥of] . ljrf/ s:tf] lgdf{0f u/]/ n}hfg], ;dfhdf s:tf] ;+:sf/ lgdf{0f u/]/ n}hfg] eGg] If]q of] k/]sf] x'gfn] Totfkl§ ;jf{lws dxŒj lbP/ pxf“x¿n]
-n]lggx¿n]]_ Pp6f kxnsbdL ug{'eof] / Pp6f cfwf/e"ld cyjf ;dfhjfbL cfwf/e"ld Toxf“ tof/ kfg{' eof] . qmflGtkl5 cyf{t\ hgjfbL qmflGtkl5 cyjf ;dfhjfbL qmflGtkl5 t'?Gt} Tof] lbzflt/ kxnsbdL pxf“x¿n] ug{'eof] / To;n] Pp6f cfwf/e"ld tof/ kf¥of] . alnof] hgdt tof/ kf¥of] . k'/fgf] ;+:sf/nfO{ x6fpg] / gof“ ;+:sf/ a;fNg] sfd eof] . n]lggn] t s] eGg' eof] eg] of] sfd w]/} sl7g 5 / w]/} hl6n 5, clg r'gf}tLk"0f{ klg 5 . k/flht ju{ bz u'0ff a9L zlQmsf ;fy cfºgf] u'd]sf] :ju{ lkmtf{ ug{sf] lglDt cufl8 cfpg]jfnf 5 . To;nfO{ k/f:t ug{] s'/fdf ju{;+3if{ emg\ eLif0f x'G5, emg\ hl6n x'G5 . o;sf] lglDt ;j{xf/fju{n] lg/Gt/ slxn] /Qmkftk"0f{ t slxn] zflGtk"0f{, slxn] ax;åf/f t slxn] cGo sltko tl/sfåf/f Tof] n8fO“nfO{ lg/Gt/ cufl8 a9fpg' k5{ eGg] lgb{]zg n]lggn] To;} lbg' ePsf] lyPg . xfd|f] ;Gbe{df cfp“bf km]l/ klg xfdLn] sxf“g]/ a9L hf]8 lbPsf 5f}+ t eGbf hgo'4sf] kxn x'g' cl3 / kxn eO;s]kl5 / clxn] oxf“;Dd cfOk'Ubf klg ljrf/, ljrf/ lgdf{0f ug{] k|lqmof, ljrf/ ;+Zn]if0f ug{] k|lqmof, ljrf/nfO{ hgtf;“u hf]8\g] / hgtfnfO{ ljrf/;“u hf]8\g] k|lqmof, g]t[TjnfO{ hgtf;“u hf]8\g] / hgtf;“u g]t[Tj hf]8\g] k|lqmofsf] åGåjfbnfO{ hlt /fd|f];“u lg/Gt/ 3gLe"t ¿kn] nfg ;lsG5, qmflGt Tolt dha't / Tolt g} ;kmn x'“b} hfG5 . o;df clnslt klg l9nf;':tL u¥of}+ eg] u8a8 vfg]jfnf 5 .

sd/]8x¿, xfdL ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 ls @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] c;fWo} cu|ufdL qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj klg xfdLn] ul//fv]sf 5f}+ . ;fy;fy} xfdL ;fd|FHojfbL ljZjJoj:yf, hf] olta]nf Ps w'|jLo h:tf] ag]sf] 5 / ljZjdf o;sf] 7"nf] bjbjf 5, To;;“u klg ;Lwf 6Ss/ lnO/x]sf 5f}+ . @)cf}+ ztfAbLsf qmflGt / tL ;a} qmflGtx¿ k|ltqmflGtdf ablnPsf] ;Gbe{df To;df klg !(() egf}+ of @)cf}+ ztfAbLsf] () sf] bzs egf}+, To;kl5 slyt zLto'4sf] cGTo eP/ ;f]leot ;+3sf] ktg;“u} rLgdf ePsf] k|ltqmflGtkl5 ;fd|fHojfbLx¿n] Tof] o'usf] cGTo ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub{} Oltxf;sf] cGTo / ljrf/wf/fsf] cGTo eof] eg]/ elg/fv]sf 5g\ . tkfO{+x¿n] ;'Gg' ePsf] 5, clxn] pQ/cfw'lgstfjfbdf x/rLhnfO{ ljv08g u/, x/rLhnfO{ ljs]lGb|t u/ / x/ rLh, hf] dfgjtflj/f]wL 5, To;nfO{ hfoh 7x¥ofpm eGg] 5 . oxL pQ/cfw'lgstfjfbsf] ;f/j:t' aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ca of] dfgjtfnfO{ p7fpg] s'/f, ljrf/ / cfbz{sf s'/f, Oltxf; lgdf{0f ug{] s'/f ;a} l;l4P . k'“hLjfbn] h] u/]sf] 5, ToxL dfq ;To xf] . t/ c¿ ;a} a]sf/ x'g\ eGg] kfv08L dfGotf cufl8 Nofpg vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ pQ/cfw'lgstfjfbLx¿n] . kmfl;jfbnfO{ klg xfdL b]lv/x]sf 5f}+ tyfslyt k|hftGqsf] cfj/0fleq ;fd|fHojfb / To;df klg d'¶Le/ wgs'j]/x¿, h;n] ljZjnfO{ g} vl/b ug{] tfut xfl;n u/]sf 5g\, pgLx¿n] ljZjJofkL ¿kdf rnfpg] xTof, lx+;f, cft+s, n"6 cflb–OToflbnfO{ hfoh 7flg/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf] dfGotf eg]sf] cyjf clxn]sf] ;fd|fHojfbsf] dfGotf eg]sf] x/]s rLhnfO{ ljv08g u/, x/]s rLhnfO{ ljs]lGb|t u/ / x/]s rLhnfO{ 6'qmf–6'qmf kfl/b]pm eGg] g} xf] . olt;Dd ls dfS;{nfO{ P+u]N;af6 6'qmfOb]p eGg] xf] . pQ/–cfw'lgstfjfbLx¿sf] Pp6f k|j[lQn] P+u]N; km/s dtsf lyP, pgsf] dfGotf cnu} lyof] / dfS;{sf] cnu} lyof] eg]/ dfS;{ / P+u]N;nfO{ cnUofpg] sf]l;; ul//fv]sf] 5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og, tkfO{+x¿n] slQsf] cWoog ug{' ePsf] 5, dfS;{ :jo+nfO{ klg 6'qmfOlbg] sf]l;; clxn] rln/fv]sf] 5 . klxn]sf] o'jf dfS;{ / kl5sf] a"9f dfS;{ km/s–km/s dgsf lyP . ltgsf] bz{g km/s–km/s lyof] . Pp6} bz{g lyPg eg]/ o;/L dfS;{ cfkm}nfO{ 6'qmfOlbg] / Pp6f o:tf] u~hfuf]n l:ylt l;h{gf ug{] ls To;n] ;fd|FHojfbLx¿sf] n"6sf] :ju{df st}af6 wfjf gxf];\, To;dfly xdnf gxf];\ eGg] lx;fan] of] sf]l;; rln/x]sf] 5 . of] l:yltsf] @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf pgLx¿sf] Tof] bfz{lgs dfGotf egf}+ of bfz{lgs cjwf/0ff, hf] ljsf; ug{ vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ xfdL To;sf] lvnfkdf 5f}+ . sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf xfdL s] b]V5f}+ t eGbf Pp6f ;+zf]wgjfbL k|j[lQn] eG5– b'lgof“ ablnPsf] 5 . To;sf/0f xfdL l;h{gzLn x'g'k5{ eGg] gfddf dfS;{jfbsf cfwf/e"t k|:tfjgfx¿, j}1flgs k|:tfjgfx¿ / qmflGtsf/L k|:tfjgfx¿nfO{ g} 5f]l8lbg], To;nfO{ ef“rs'“r kfl/lbg], To;sf] qmflGtsf/L cfTdfnfO{ dfl/lbg] / To;sf tL rLhx¿ dfq}nfO{ gfdsf] ¿kdf, ;fOgaf]8{sf] ¿kdf lng] u/]sf] l:ylt 5 . h;n] k'“hLkltx¿nfO{ pQ]lht kfb{}g, h;n] ;fd|fHojfb;“usf] ;xsfo{nfO{ / pgLx¿;“usf] ;dGjonfO{ cK7\of/f] kfb{}g . ;+zf]wgjfbnfO{ t xfdLn] @)cf}+ ztfAbLaf6} b]Vof}+ . v'|Zr]jL ;+zf]wgjfbsf] ¿kdf, To;kl5 lrlgof“ ;+zf]wgjfbLsf] ¿kdf hah{:t xfdLn] b'lgof“df b]Vof}+ . xfdL tL ;a}sf lj/f]wL k¥of}+ . csf{] Pp6f h8;"qjfb cyjf ;+sL0f{tfjfb 5, Tof] k|j[lQ;“u klg xfdL n8\of}+ . olt w]/} k|lts"ntfx¿sf] aLraf6 xfdLn] hgo'4 cufl8 a9fPsf 5f}+ / cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . clnslt cl3 a9\g vf]h]sf] k]? xf] . Toxf“sf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf Pp6f qmflGtsf/L o'4 cufl8 a9\b} lyof] . Nofl6g cd]l/sL b]zsf] Tof] o'4 xfdL ;a}sf] nflu Pp6f k|]/0ff lglZrt ¿kdf lyof] . t/ s= uf]~hfnf]sf] lu/ºtf/Lkl5 / s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf sl/a ax'dt lx:;f b':dgsf] xftdf kl/;s]kl5 Pj+ Tof] kf6L{leq Pp6f blIf0fkGyL cj;/jfbL nfOg / csf{] qmflGtsf/L nfOgsf] aLrdf n8fO{+ kl/;s]kl5 To;n] 7"nf] wSsf vfof] . hlta]nf g]kfndf xfdLn] kxn u¥of}+, Tolta]nf;Dd t Tof] cfGbf]ngn] wSsf vfO;s]sf] lyof] . oBlk Toxf“ cem} klg qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] an ub{}5g\ .

ev{/}sf] gof“ ;"rgf, ;fob tkfO{+x¿n] klg klqsfdf k9\g' eof] xf]nf . clxn] nueu !# jif{kl5 s= uf]~hfnf], kf]ln6Ao"/f] of :yfoL ;ldltsf ldl/of eGg] Pshgf dlxnf sd/]8 nufotsf] Pp6f 6LdnfO{ klxnf]rf]6L cbfntdf ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf Nofof] . To;kl5 Pp6f k|]/0ff egf}+ of g}lts ljho, uf]~hfnf]x¿n] s] u/]sf] b]lvof] eg] cbfntdf Nofp“bfNofp“b} / cbfntdf k|j]z ug{] lalQs} gf/fafhL u/] . ædfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb—dfcf]jfb–lhGbfjfb † hgqmflGt—lhGbfjfb † eGg] h:tf gf/f nufP/ cbfntsf] sfjf{xLnfO{ g} cj?4 u/]kl5 Toxf“sf] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;/sf/sf] a]OHht eof] / qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf] g}lts ljho eof] . cflv/ Tof] cbfnt g} e+u ug{'kg{] afWotfdf Toxf“sf] ;/sf/ k'Uof] . !#–!# jif{;Dd Pp6f ;f“3'/f] l;d]G6sf] vDaf klg eGg ;lsG5, Tof] SofDkleq xfNbf klg qmflGtsf/Lx¿, jf:tljs qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf] cfTdf dbf{]/x]g5 eGg] s'/fsf] k'li6 eof] . qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf] Pp6f g}lts ljho -df]/n leS6«L_ t b]lvof] . To;n] Nofl6g cd]l/sfdf clnslt gof“ t/¨ k}bf u¥of] . ;f/f 6L=eL=x¿n] klg k|rf/ ug{] l:ylt aGof] . d}n] o;nfO{ sd/]8x¿sf] aLrdf ;"rgfsf] ¿kdf dfq /fv]sf], k|j[lQ rflx+ of] xf]Og .

d}n] eGg vf]h]sf] s'/f s] xf] eg] Tof] vfnsf] c;fWo} k|lts"n l:ylt, k]?n] klg !((@ df wSsf vfO;s]sf] l:yltdf xfdLn] !((^ df o'4 ;'? u¥of}+ . ljZjdf g st} Pp6f ;dfhjfbL ;Qf af“sL 5, g qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ng sxL+ pef/df 5, hxf“ pef/df lyof] To;n] klg wSsf vfO;s]sf] c;fWo} k|lts"n kl/l:yltdf xfdLn] oxf“ hgo'4sf] kxn u¥of}+ . d}n] eg] xfdLn] @ j6f k|j[lQ;“u a]:sg n8\of}+ . d'VotM ;+zf]wgjfbL k|j[lQ;“u / ;xfos ¿kdf ;+sL0f{tfjfbL / h8;"qjfbL k|j[lQ;“u . oL b'j} k|j[lQ;“u xfdL n8]s} xf] . tkfO{+x¿ o'jf ljBfyL{x¿ x'g'x'G5 . tkfO{+x¿n] w]/} s'/f l;Sg ;Sg' x'G5 / tkfO{+x¿n] l;Sg' klg k5{ . tkfO{+x¿n] Oltxf;nfO{ /fd|f];“u cWoog ug{'k5{ eGg] nfU5 . lsgls, Oltxf;sf] 7Ls 9+uaf6 cWoog gu/Lsg, 36gfqmdsf] ljsf; s;/L eP/ cfPsf] 5 eg]/ 7Ls 9+un] ga'emLsg cfGbf]ngnfO{ 7Ls 7fp“df k'¥ofpg ;lsb}g . km]l/ tkfO{+x¿ efjL cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj klg xf] . tkfO++{x¿n] ljifonfO{ s;/L ;f]Rg' x'G5 / tkfO{+x¿n] s;/L a'‰g' x'G5 eGg] s'/fdf of] cfGbf]ngsf] eljio s:tf] x'G5 eGg] s'/f lge{/ /xg] ePsf]n] klg d}n] of] a'“bfnfO{ ljz]if hf]8 lbg vf]h]sf] xf] .

hlta]nf xfdLn] hgo'4 ;'¿ ub{}Yof}+ xfdLn] Tolta]nf s] eGof}+ eg] aflx/L ¿kdf ;du| sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf] b[li6sf]0fn] blIf0fkGyL ;+zf]wgjfb d'Vo vt/f xf] / To;sf lj?4 xfdLn] h]xfb 5]8\g' k5{ . xfdL To;/L g} n8\of}+ . t/ xfdL cfkm}leq s] b]lvGYof] t eg] hAa/ h8;"qjfb 5 . dfS;{jfbsf] /Iff ug{'k5{ eGg] gfddf To;df cfjZostf kg{] l;h{gzLntfnfO{ dfg{], k'/fgf ;"qx¿ bf]xf]¥ofOdfq/fVg], k'/fgf s'/fx¿ e6\ofOdfq/xg] h'g k|j[lQ lyof], To;;“u klg xfdL n8\of}+ . of] h8;"qjfb oxf“ dfq xf]Og, cGt/f{li6«o sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf klg lyof] . Tof] cfGbf]ngdf klg afx\o ¿kdf blIf0fkGyL ;+zf]wgjfb / cfGtl/s lx;fan] qmflGtsf/L k+lQmleq cfp“bf qmflGtsf/L gf/fnfO{ bf]xf]¥ofOdfq/xg], To;nfO{ hgtf;“u hf]8\g g;Sg], To;nfO{ ju{;+3if{sf] clxn]sf] cj:yf;“u hf]8\g g;Sg], To;nfO{ clxn]sf] cGt/f{li6«o cfjZostf / ;fd|fHojfbn] l;h{gf u/]sf] clxn]sf] Rofn]Gh;“u ;fdgf ug{] xb;Dd ljsf; ug{ g;Sg] k|j[lQ lyof] . Toxf“ klg jf:tljs qmflGtsf/Lx¿ n8]s} x'g\ . To;sf/0f hgo'4 ;'? ug{'eGbf cufl8 xfdLn] kf6L{df s] eGYof}+ t eGbf afx\o ¿kdf ;+zf]wgjfb d'Vo vt/f xf] / leqL ¿kdf h8;"qjfb d'Vo vt/f xf] .

;fob tkfO{+x¿ w]/}nfO{ yfxf 5, gof“ sd/]8x¿nfO{ yfxf gx'g klg ;S5, hlta]nf xfdL )$* ;fndf kf6L{ Pstf u/]/ Pstf s]Gb| agfof}+, Tolta]nf xfd|f] n8fO{+ oxf“sf ;+zf]wgjfbLx¿;“u dfq k/]g . xfd|f] n8fO{+ oxf“sf h8;"qjfbLx¿;“u dfq} klg k/]g . xfd|f] n8fO{+ cGt/f{li6«o sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng;“u klg k/]sf] lyof] . xfdLn] u/]sf] PstfnfO{ …ca logLx¿ klg 8'a], logLx¿ klg blIf0fkGyL g} x'g] eP / blIf0fkGyLx¿;“u uP . clnslt qmflGtsf/L x'G5g\ ls eGg] lyof], of] klg l;l4of]Ú eGb} xfd|f] lj/f]wdf oqf] df]6f] k|ltj]bgsf] 7]nL l/dn] n]Vof] . Toxf“ Tolta]nfb]lv clxn];Dd xfdL klg 5f}+ . o;/L cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf klg xfdln] of] :t/sf] n8fO{+ n8\g' k¥of] . xfdLn] Tolta]nf s] eGof}+ eg] …xfd|f] b]zsf] l:yltdf xfdLn] a'em]sf] dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbcg';f/} cyjf xfdLn] cfTd;ft\ u/]sf] åGåfTds ef}ltsjfbsf] lj1fgcg';f/} xfdL rln/fv]sf 5f}+ . tkfO{+x¿n] h] ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5, Tof] tkfO{+x¿sf] bf]xf]¥ofpg] sfd dfq eO/fv]sf] 5 . To;n] of] b'lgof“nfO{ abNgsf lglDt s]xL ug{]jfnf 5}g . lsgls, dfS;{jfbsf] r'/f] s'/f] eg]sf] cyf{t\ To;sf] cfTdf eg]sf] s] xf] t eGbf b'lgof“sf] JofVof ug{] s'/f dfq xf]Og, d'Vo s'/f] b'lgof“ abNg] xf] . b'lgof“ abNgsf lglDt cyjf abln/fv]sf]
-b'lgof“ cfkm} abln/fv]sf] x'G5, b'lgof“ l:y/ t slxNo} klg 5}g, of] x/kn, lg/Gt/ abln/x]sf] x'G5 . b'lgof“nfO{ ;j{xf/fju{sf] lxtcg';f/ >dhLjL hgtfsf] :jfy{cg';f/ ;r]t ¿kn] wSsf lbP/ abNg] s'/f xf] . dfS;{jfbsf cfwf/e"t s'/fnfO{ bf]xf]¥ofP/ dfq x'“b}g .Ú lxhf]sf] xfd|f] n8fO{+ of] b'O{6f df]rf{df lyof] . oBlk xfdLn] Tolta]nf /Qmkftk"0f{ n8fO{+ -hgo'4_ ;'? u/]sf lyPgf}+ . t/ ljrf/sf] n8fO{+sf] hu olb xfdLn] v8f ug{ ;Sb}gYof}+ eg], sd/]8x¿ † xfdL clxn] oxf“ x'g] lyPgf}+ .

o;sf] dxŒjnfO{ o;/L klg a'‰g ;lsG5 . h;/L dfS;{jfbsf] ;"qkft x'“bf b'lgof“df Toqf] 7"nf] ju{;+3if{ lyPg cyjf Toqf] 7"nf] qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ng / o'4 lyPg t/ dfS;{jfbn] cyjf dfS;{–P+u]N;n] ljrf/sf] If]qdf Tolta]nfsf] c/fhstfjfb, Tolta]nfsf] ;'wf/jfb / Tolta]nfsf ljleGg unt ljrf/sf lj?4 n8\b} sDo'lg:6 3f]if0ff–kqsf] ;"qkft gul/lbPsf] eP cyjf dfS;{jfbsf] cg';Gwfg gePsf] eP cyjf o;sf] hu v8f gePsf] eP, ljZjdf To;kl5 To;n] hgtfsf] ljb|f]xsf] clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt gul/lbPsf] eP, ljrf/wf/fTds :t/af6 / Oltxf;sf] JofVof P]ltxfl;s ef}ltsjfbL 9+un] Pp6f lj1fgsf] ¿kdf gul/lbPsf] eP To;kl5sf] Oltxf; olt l56f] k"/f k[YjL xNnfpg] lx;fan] cufl8 a9\g ;Dej lyPg . To;sf/0f xfd|f] of] o'4nfO{ a'‰bf klg tkfO{+–xfdL ;a}n] o;sf] Oltxf;nfO{ /fd|f];“u a'‰g' k5{ . sxf“–sxf“ ljrf/df of] kf6L{ n8\b} uof], / s;/L n8\b} cfof] eGg] kf6f]nfO{ TolQs} uDeL/tfk"j{s cWoog ug{'kg]{, To;nfO{ dgg ug{'kg{] / To;sf] qmflGtsf/L lj/f;tnfO{ /fd|f];“u a'‰g'kg{] x'G5 . gq ljrf/sf] If]qdf b'O{nfOg ;+3if{sf] lj/f;tnfO{ clxn]sf] o'4sf] :t/af6 of] s'/fnfO{ a'em]gf}+ eg] Oltxf;sf] of] hu sxf“af6 a:of] eGg] yfxf x'g] 5}g . hlta]nf xfdL hgo'4 ;'? ub{}Yof}+ Tolta]nf klg ljrf/sf] If]qdf xfd|f] n8fO“ lyof], o;nfO{ la:tf/}–la:tf/} nfg'k5{ ls g]kfnL qmflGt Pp6f tLj|tfdf hfg]jfnf 5 t < g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ljz]iftf / g]kfnL /fhgLlts cfGbf]ngsf] ljz]iftfsf] cfwf/df Tolta]nf kf6L{n] s] eGof] t eGbf of] la:tf/} nfG5' eg]/ x'g]jfnf 5}g . of] t Psrf]6L nufd 5f]l8lbPkl5 of] Pp6f j]udf s'b\g]jfnf 5 . sltko k'/fgf sd/]8x¿nfO{ t of] s'/f yfxf 5 / gof“ sd/]8x¿sf] d Wofgfsif{0f ug{ rfxG5' ls xfd|f] of] 7"nf] ax; o'4sf] kxneGbf cufl8sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf ePsf] lyof] . oxL ax;sf] aLrdf hgo'4sf] klxnf] of]hgf t xfdln] agfof}+ t/ xfdL Tolta]nf dha't eP/ agfPsf] xf]Og . Tolta]nf xfd|f] kf6L{ s'g} dha't kf6L{ lyPg . xfd|f] kf6L{ ljrf/sf] lx;fan] Pp6f k|j[lQsf] k|ltlglwTj uYof{] cyjf Pp6f ljlzi6 vfnsf] k|j[lQ t xfdLn] af]s]sf lyof}+ . t/ xfdL alnof] eP/ of]hgf ag]sf] eg] lyPg . xfdL hf] hgo'4sf] of]hgf agfp“b} lyof}+, Tolta]nf kf6L{ stf lyof] t eg] hgo'4 tLj|tf -lnk P08 af]g_ df hfg]jfnf 5 . tLj|tfsf] dfgl;stf gagfO{ x'“b}g . @–$ j6f sfjf{xL o;f] u/f}+ / x]/f}+ . To;kl5 km]l/ s:tf] hfG5 < o;/L la:tf/}–la:tf/} hfp“nf elgof] eg] Tof] xfd|f] nflu cfTd3ftL sbd x'g]jfnf 5 . g]kfnsf] cfly{s, /fhgLlts / ;fdflhs ljz]iftf, oxf“sf] hgtf / b'Zdgsf] cGtlj{/f]wsf] k|lqmof, %) jif{b]lv rNb} cfPsf] cfGbf]ngsf] k|lqmof, ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb / lrlgof“ ;+zf]wgjfbnufot cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt cflb ;a}nfO{ /fd|f];“u x]/]/ xfdL s] 6'+uf]df k'Uof}+ / eGof}+ eGbf of] Psrf]6L 5f]l8;s]kl5, Psrf]6L kxn ul/;s]kl5 of] Pp6f j]ujfg ultdf hfg]jfnf 5 . of] j]u kqmg hf]–hf] ;Sb}g, Tof]–Tof] k5fl/b} hfG5 / h;–h;n] kqmg ;S5 pm–pm cufl8 a9\b} hfG5 . o;ljifodf Tolta]nf klg ljleGg k|j[lQx¿;“u xfd|f] n8fO{+ Toxf“ ePs} lyof] . ljrf/sf] If]qsf] Tof] n8fO{+lagf xfdL hgo'4 ;'? ug{ ;Sb}gYof}+ .

Tolta]nf of] klg 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] ls of] kf6L{nfO{ cem a9L s]Gb|Ls[t s;/L ug{] < lsgls xfdL hgo'4df hf“b}5f}+ . xfdL /utsf] n]gb]gdf hf“b}5f}+ . of] hLjg–d/0fsf] n8fO{+ zflGtk"0f{ ;+;bLo ;+3if{h:tf] x'g]jfnf 5}g . ;+;b\jfbLx¿ h;/L ;+3if{ u5{g\, emu8f u5{g\, h:tf] slrª\un Toxf“ x'G5, Tof] vfnn] of] cufl8 hfg]jfnf 5}g . of] t Pp6f ;j{xf/fjfbL qmflGtsf/L 9+un] cufl8 hfg' k5{ . To;sf/0f dfS;{jfbsf] Pp6f cfwf/e"t dfGotf s] xf] eg] n8fO“df hfg] kf6L{ PsLs[t x'g'k5{ . of] s]Gb|Ls[t x'g'k5{ . oBlk clxn] xfdL hxf“ ax; / 5nkmn u5f{}+, of] :t/df t Tolta]nf lyPg . vfln slt dfq lyof] eg] xfdL o'4df hf“b}5f}+ eg] xfd|f] x]8Sjf6/sf] af/]df xfdL :ki6 x'g'k5{ . lsgls, To;a]nf l:ylt s:tf] lyof] eg] tkfO{+–xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5, xfdLn] )$* ;fndf Pstf s]Gb| agfp“bf Toxf“ xfdL w]/} vfnsf dfG5] h'6]sf lyof}+ . nfdfhLx¿sf] Pp6f k|j[lQ lyof] . ¿knfnsf] Pp6f k|j[lQ lyof] . c¿x¿ ljleGg u/]/ xfdL s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf !! hgf dxfdGqL Ps} 7fp“df lyof}+ . cf–cfºgf] Pp6f–Pp6f sfndf dxfdGqL eO;s]sf !! hgfx¿;“u ;+3if{ ug{] s'/f rfgr'g] lyPg . tLdWo] w]/}nfO{ lgn]/ dfq} xfdL cufl8 a9\g ;s]sf] xf] . pgLx¿n] xfd|f] kf6L{df e|d ;[li6 ul/lbg] Pp6f k|j[lQ lyof] . xfd|f nf6f;Lwf ;fyLx¿df e|d kfl/lbg ;Sg] hlt ;a} u/]sf x'g\ pgLx¿n] . s]–s] u/]kl5 qmflGtsf/Lsf] lbdfu kmf]x/ agfOlbg ;lsG5, lbdfudf s'8fss{6 el/lbg ;lsG5 eg]/ pgLx¿ k"/} nfu] . k'/fgf ;fyLx¿nfO{ yfxf 5, cfh gof“ ;fyLx¿nfO{ clnslt eGg dg nflu/x]sf] 5 . pgLx¿n] Tolta]nf xfd|f] kf6L{ g]t[Tjsf] af/]df s] elGbP/ uP eg] æToxf“ t g]tfs} 6'+uf] 5}g . sf] xf] sf] xf] g]tf < ls/0fhL -hf] clxn] l;lnu'8L h]ndf x'g'x'G5_ bfz{lgs g]tf . aflx/ hgdf]rf{sf] g]tf afa'/fdhL ePsf]n] pxf“ aflx/L g]tf xf] . ju{;+3if{ -klZrddf Tolta]nf afbnhLsf] sfo{If]q lyof]_ sf] g]tf afbn xf] . k|r08rflx+ 6fsg6'sg ldnfpg] jf s"6gLlts dfG5] dfq xf] .Æ of] rLhnfO{ pgLx¿n] ;aeGbf a9\tf eGg] / hah{:t ¿kdf nlu/fv]sf lyP t/ jf:tljstf rflx+ Tof] lyPg .

cj;/jfb slxNo} klg jf:tljstf af]Nb}g . To;n] cj;/jfb af]N5 . To;n] e|d ;[li6 ug{] s'/f af]Ng] u5{ . pgLx¿sf] wd{ s;/L qmflGtsf/L k+lQmleq km"6 kfl/lbg], qmflGtsf/Lx¿leq e|d ;[li6 ug{], hg;d'bfodf e|d ;[li6 ug{] eGg] g} x'G5 . clxn] klg x]¥of}+ eg] aflx/ sltko kqklqsfdf h] cfpg vf]H5, Toxf“ pgLx¿n] ljrf/df sxf“ cGt/ k/]sf] xf] eGg]df 5}g . kmnfgf] g]tfnfO{ kmnfgf]n] GofSof], p;n] p;nfO{ GofSof], pgLx¿ b'O{j6f ldn]5g\ . o:t} o:t} 5 . cj;/jfbL jf ;+zf]wgjfbLx¿sf] ljifonfO{ x]g{], kf6L{nfO{ x]g{], ljrf/nfO{ x]g{] pgLx¿sf] b[li6sf]0f cfºg} x'G5 . pgLx¿ z'4 JolQms]lGb|t eP/ x]g{] u5{g\ . ljifonfO{ JolQmdf h'wfpg] eg]s} ;+zf]wgjfb xf] . xfdL ;j{xf/fjfbL ljrf/ sxf“g]/ xf] < s'g ljrf/, s'g k|j[lQ s;/L cfO/fv]sf] 5 < s;n] hgtfsf] lxt ug{], s;n] ;j{xf/fju{sf] lxt ug{], s;n] ljZjqmflGtsf] lxt ug{] xf] cyjf s'g k|j[lQ hgtfsf] lj?4 xf] eg]/ x]5f{}+ . xfdL ljrf/sf] cfwf/df, gLltsf] cfwf/df, of]hgfsf] cfwf/df, sfo{qmdsf] cfwf/df x]g{] u5f{}+ . xfdLn] ot}af6 x]g{'k5{ . t/ a'h{'jfx¿, ;+zf]wgjfbLx¿, cj;/jfbLx¿ eg] otfaf6 slxNo} x]b}}{gg\ . s] ljrf/ xf] eGg]af6 k6Ss} x]b}}{gg\ . lsgls, of] ;dfh cyjf a'h{'jf ;dfh eg]sf] JolQmjfbL ;dfh xf] . p;n] JolQmeGbf dfly p7]/ x]g{} ;Sb}g . of] p;sf] b[li6sf]0fsf] ;Ldf xf] . pm of] ;LdfeGbf aflx/ hfg} ;Sb}g . t/ tkfO{+–xfdL qmflGtsf/L eGg]x¿n] pgLx¿sf] Tof] ;Ldf / ;j{xf/fju{sf] cfºgf] dfGotfdf e]b ug{ hfg]gf}+ eg] km]l/ qmflGtdf g} e|d x'g ;Sg] x'G5 . s] xf], s] xf] < stf xf], stf xf] < eg]/ d];f]–d]nf] gkfO;Sg' eof] eg] ;d:of x'G5 . To;sf/0f xfdLn] ljifonfO{ x]g{], ljifonfO{ a'‰g] xfd|f] ljlw eg]sf] ljrf/nfO{ s]Gb|ljGb'df /fv]/ To;sf] cfwf/df x]g{] xf] . of] ljrf/n] hgtfsf], qmflGtsf] / kf6L{sf] lxt ug{]jfnf 5 ls 5}g eGg]af6 x]g{] xf] . JolQm hlt;'s} 7"nf] eP klg ;xfos} s'/f xf] . JolQm uf}0f g} x'G5 . JolQm k|wfg x'g} ;Sb}g . JolQm k|wfg agfP/ x]g{' a'h{'jfx¿sf] ljz]iftf xf] . ju{k|wfg agfP/ x]g{', ;dfh k|wfg agfP/ x]g{' ;j{xf/fjfbsf] ljz]iftf xf] . of] cfwf/e"t cGt/nfO{ hlxn] klg xfd|f] lbdfudf /fVg' k5{ eGg] nfU5 .

d}n] s] eGb} lyP“ t eg] hgo'4 ;'? ug{]a]nfdf klg xfd|f] ToxL+ uP/ n8fO{+ k/]sf] lyof] . xfdL s] dfu ub{} lyof}+ eg] hgo'4df hf“b}5f}+, hLjg–d/0fdf hf“b}5f}+ eg] ca sd;]sd ;+zf]wgjfbLx¿n] xfd|f] cfGbf]ngdf / xfd|f] k+lQmleq hf] k|b"if0f km}nfPsf 5g\, Tof] t ;kmf / :ki6 ug{' k¥of] lg . g]t[Tj t xfdL ;a} g]t[Tj xf] . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ eg]s} g]tfx¿sf] kf6L{ xf] . Pp6f kf6L{ ;b:o klg jf:tjdf Tof] ;dfhaf6 k}bf ePsf], cfGbf]ngsf] aLraf6 k}bf ePsf] g]tf g} xf] . To;sf/0f sDo'lg:6 kf6L{nfO{ g]tfx¿sf] kf6L{ elgG5 . km]l/ g]tfx¿sf] kf6L{ eg]sf] s] t < To;f] eP Tof] kf6L{ ax'g]tf eP/ hfg] xf] t < ax'njfbL jf ax's]Gb|jfbL kf6L{ xf] t < sbflk xf]Og . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] cfºgf] k4lt 5 . To;sf] cfºgf] cfGbf]ngsf ljsf;sf] qmddf hg;d'bfon] k}bf u/]sf g]tfx¿sf] dfly;Dd Pp6f k+lQm x'G5 . km]l/ Tof] k+lQmdWo] klg ;aeGbf cg'ejL, ;aeGbf Ifdtfjfg, Pp6f d'Vo g]tf eP/ cfp“5–cfp“5 . of] t lj1fg xf] . Pp6f uof] eg] km]l/ csf{] cfOxfN5 . cfpg] k|lqmof t lg/Gt/ eO/fV5 .

h:tf] n]lggn] g]tf, ju{, kf6L{ / hgtfsf] ;DaGw s] xf] t eGg]af/]df …jfdkGyL sDo'lgHd Ps arsgf /f]uÚ eGg] k':tsdf eGg' ePsf] ;fob tkfO{+x¿n] k9\g' ePsf] xf]nf . To;df n]lggn] :ki6 ug{' ePsf] 5 . ;DaGw s] xf] g]tfx¿ / ju{x¿sf], kf6L{ / hgtfsf] < /, Tof] g]tf s;/L k}bf x'G5 < t/ ;+;b\jfb jf ;+zf]wgjfb jf cj;/jfbn] s] u5{ eg] g]tfx¿nfO{ Pp6f PsLs[t / s]Gb|Ls[t k+lQmdf a'‰b}g . p;n] ;dfgfGt/ ¿kdf a'‰5 . xhf/f}+ u'6sf] ¿kdf, hlt g]tf 5g\ Tolt u'6, hlt g]tf 5g\ Tolt x]8Sjf6{/, hlt g]tf 5g\ Tolt cg'zf;g . o;f] x'“bf s] eof] t eGbf Pp6f hdft, Pp6f eL8, Pp6f x'n x'g] eof] kf6L{ t . Tof] kf6L{ ax'njfbL, ax's]Gb|jfbL cyjf a'h{'jf eof] . a'h{'jfx¿sf] ljz]iftf eg]sf] tL ;a} cf–cfºgf] w'gdf x'G5g\ . ;d"xsf] eGg] Toxf“ s'/f x'“b}g . sf]eGbf sf] ;aeGbf cufl8 hfg] eGg] x'G5 Toxf“ / ;a} cf–cfºgf] 9+un] :jtGq x'G5g\ . Tof] ;fdflhs lxt cyjf ju{lxtsf] lglDt k6Ss} x'“b}g . pgLx¿sf] klg ju{lxt t x'G5 lsgls ;a} k'“hLkltx¿ ;a}eGbf a9L gfkmf sdfpgsf] lglDt k|lt:kwf{ u5{g\ . To;f] ubf{ g} k'“hLklt ju{sf] lxt eO/fv]sf] x'G5 . t/ ;j{xf/fju{sf] 7Ls pN6f] x'G5 . ;j{xf/fju{n] s] eG5 t, of] a|Dxf08 PsLs[t / s]Gb|Ls[t 5 . of] ;f}o{d08n hf] rn]sf] 5, of] PsLs[t / s]Gb|Ls[t 5 . x/]s rLh PsLs[t / s]Gb|Ls[t 5 . km]l/ of] PsLs[t / s]Gb|Ls[tleq x/]s j:t', 36gf, k|lqmof ;a} Ps b'O{df ljeflht 5g\ . ;a}df ;+3if{ klg 5 . of] PsLs[t eGg'sf] tfTko{ of] xf]Og ls o;sf] cy{ / dtna of] xf]Og ls Toxf“ s'g} ;+3if{ 5}g . s'g} ljefhg 5}g . cyjf s'g} lje]b 5}g . Toxf“ km]l/ x/]sdf ;+3if{ 5 . lsgls, Tof] j:t'sf] lgwf{/0f To;leqsf] ;+3if{n] u5{ . To;sf/0f ;+3if{nfO{ klg To;n] dfGotf lbG5 . t/ To;sf] s'n of]ukmndf hf“bf PsLs[t 5g\ eg]/ To;n] dfG5 . oxL dfGotfcg';f/ xfdLn] hgo'4sf] kxn ug{] a]nfdf s] dfu uYof{}+ t eGbf sd;]sd kf6L{ x]8Sjf6/af/] :ki6 x'g'k5{ . Pp6f kf6L{ eO;s]kl5 xfd|f ljleGg k|j[lQ t x'G5g\ . Toxf“ blIf0fkGyL k|j[lQ klg x'G5 . Toxf“ pu|jfdkGyL ;+sL0f{tfjfbL k|j[lQ klg x'G5 . Toxf“ dWokGyL csd{0otfjfbL k|j[lQ klg x'G5 . t/ Pp6f lglZrt\ b]z, sfn, kl/l:ylt egf}+ of Pp6f kf6L{ hf] qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj ug{ ;Ifd 5 eg]/ cufl8 a9\5 eg] Toxf“ lglZrt ¿kdf To;sf] Pp6f x]8Sjf6/ klg x'G5 . x]8Sjf6/s} af/]df :ki6tf 5}g eg] hLjg–d/0fsf] ;+3if{nfO{ clGtd;Dd n}hfg] eGg] x'g} ;Sb}g . olb s'g} x]8Sjf6/ ;f“Rr}sf] x]8Sjf6/ geO{sg} cGo s'g} tl/sfåf/f x]8Sjf6/ ag]sf] 5 eg] Tof] x]8Sjf6/nfO{ ToxL Goflslbg'k5{ . lsgeg] Tof] jf:tljs x]8Sjf6/ xf]Og . hf] jf:tljs x]8Sjf6/ xf]Og / jf:tljs x]8Sjf6/ cs{} 5 eg] To;}nfO{ g} x]8Sjf6/ agfpg ;Sg'k5{ . rf/–kf“r j6f x]8Sjf6/ agfP/ uof] eg] kf6L{n] o'4nfO{ cl3 a9fP/ nfg ;Sb}g . lsgls Tof] t lj1fgsf] lgod ljk/Lt x'G5 . Tolta]nf of] ax; klg ePsf] lyof] . /, cGttM -sfnfGt/df_ To;sf] kl/0ffd s] cfof] eg] xfd|f] ;fk]Iftfdf oxL g} xfd|f] x]8Sjf6/ xf] eGg]df xfdL k'Uof}+ . of] l:kl/6 xfdLn] tn;Dd nfg ;s]gf}+ / rf/–kf“r j6f x]8Sjf6/ 5g\ eGg] r]tgf tn;Dd uof] eg] Pj+ kf“r j6f x]8Sjf6/af6 kf“rlt/ tfgftfg u/]/ o'4df, qmflGtdf dfG5]n] Hofg kmfNg] eGg] s'/f x'g} ;Sb}g eGg] ax; g} xf] Tof] . Tof] ax; ;“u;“u} cl3 a9fp“b} cfpg] qmddf clxn] xfdL oxf“;Dd cfOk'u]sf 5f}+ .

To;sf/0f oxf“ d]/f] hf]8 sxf“g]/ xf] eg] ljrf/sf] n8fO{+nfO{ a'‰bf xfdLn] Oltxf;sf] ljsf;qmdnfO{ cln ulx/f] u/L cWoog ug{'kg{] /x]5 . tkfO{+x¿n] slQsf] yfxf kfpg' ePsf] 5, dfcf]n] u/]sf] hgjfbL qmflGt cyjf kf6L{ u7gb]lv dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f+:s[lts qmflGt;Dddf bz j6f 7"nf–7"nf b'O{nfOg ;+3if{sf s'/f ug{'x'G5 . ;f+:s[lts qmflGtsfndf t k6s–k6s eGg' x'G5 . Ps rf]6L eg]/ x'“b}g . of] t k6s–k6s ;of}+ k6s eGg' k5{ eGg] dfcf]sf] hf]8 5, lsgls Tof] s'/fåf/f xfd|f hgtf / kf6L{ k|lzlIft ePgg\ eg] ljrng cfpg] vt/f x'G5 . ljrng cfof] eg] k|ltqmflGt x'g] vt/f klg x'G5 . dfcf]n] t k|ltqmflGtsf] vt/f 5 eg]/ :ki6 g} eGg' ePsf] lyof] . olb of] s'/fnfO{ xfdLn] /fd|f];“u hgtfnfO{ a'emfpg ;lsPg eg], kf6L{leq /fd|f];“u a'emfpg ;lsPg eg] s'g} klg lbg k|ltqmflGt x'g ;S5 eGg] s'/f dfcf]n] :ki6} eGg' ePsf] lyof] .

bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngdf xfdLn] ;+Zn]if0f ub{} s] eg]sf 5f}+ eg] dfcf]n] klg l9nf] ug{' ePsf] lyof] . Tof] k|ltj]bg -b:tfj]h_ tkfO{+x¿n] klg k9\g' ePsf] xf]nf dfcf]n] rfx“bf rfx“b} klg 36gfqmdn] ;flat ul/lbof] ls clnslt l9nf] eO;s]sf] lyof] . Tof] l9nf] ePsf] rLhnfO{ ;Rofp5' eGbfeGb} u8a8 vfOxfNof] . dfcf] x'“bf;Dd t pxf“sf] JolQmTjn] wfGof] t/ dfcf] 9Ng] lalQs} ;Dk"0f{ rLg 9Ng] l:ylt aGof] . xfdLn] dfcf]sf] of]ubfgnfO{ clnslt klg g36fO{sg s] ;+Zn]if0f u¥of}+ eg] Toxf“ klg l9nf eO;s]sf] lyof] . xfdL @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf qmflGtsf] Hjfnf afln/x]sf 5f}+, To;sf/0f xfd|f] Tof]eGbf t clndfly p7\g} k5{ . /, dfcf]n] hxf“g]/ l9nf ug{'ePsf] lyof], xfdLn] rflx+ l9nf ug{' x'Gg . xfd|f] lgisif{ s] xf] eg], k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] cyjf ;+zf]wgjfb / cj;/jfbnfO{ /f]Sg] ;Gbe{ Toxf“ l9nf ePsf] lyof] . kf6L{leqsf] b'O{nfOg ;+3if{df, ;dfhsf] ju{;+3if{sf] ;+Zn]if0fsf] s'/fdf cyjf kf6L{n] g]t[TjnfO{ pQ/flwsf/L agfpg] s'/fdf, pQ/flwsf/L elglbg] s'/fdf hxf“–hxf“ sdLx¿ ePsf lyP, Toxf“af6 xfdLn] lzIff lng}k5{ . oxL l:kl/6df xfdL lyof}+ / 5f}+ klg .

tkfO++{–xfdL ;a} ljrf/sf] ;+3if{sf] If]qdf /fd|f];“u k:g ;s]gf}+ eg]/ xfdL 7Ls 5f}+ dfq eGof}+ eg] jf:tjdf rLhnfO{ xfdLn] xn ug{ ;Sb}gf}+ . kf6L{n] @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;;DaGwL k|:tfj ;L=;L=df k]; u¥of] . /, ;L=;L=n] ax;sf] lglDt k|:tfjsf] ¿kdf To;nfO{ k"/} kf6L{df ;Dk|]if0f u¥of] . @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf xfd|f] qmflGt rf/}lt/ b':dgaf6 3]l/Psf] 5 . xfdL ;fd|fHojfbaf6 3]l/Psf 5f}+ . xfdL ;+zf]wgjfb / cj;/jfbaf6 klg 3]l/Psf 5f}+ . ;fd|FHojfbaf6 3]l/Psf 5f}+ eGg'sf] tfTko{ xfdL cj;/jfbaf6 klg 3]l/Psf 5f}+ eGg] g} xf] . cj;/jfb / ;+zf]wgjfb eg]sf] leGg ¿ksf] ;fd|fHojfb g} xf] . n]lggn] ;fd|fHojfb / ;j{xf/f qmflGtsf] o'u eg]/ hxf“ ljZn]if0f ug{'eof] / h'g ljZn]if0fnfO{ cfwf/e"t ¿kdf xfdLn] clxn] klg 7Ls 5 elg/fv]sf 5f}+, Tof] ljZn]if0f;“u;“u} sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf] af/]df cyf{t\ ;j{xf/f cfGbf]ngsf] af/]df n]lggn] s] eGg' eof] eg] casf] qmflGt TolQs} cl3 a9\g} ;Sb}g . olb cj;/jfb;“usf] ;+3if{;“u ghf]l8O{sg ;fd|fHojfb;“u n8\g] s'/f s;}n] u5{ eg] Tof] n8fO++{ x'g} ;Sb}g . ;fd|fHojfb;“usf] n8fO{+ cj;/jfb;“usf] n8fO;“u o;/L hf]l8g cfOk'Uof] . klxnf o:tf] lyPg cyjf ;fd|fHojfbsf] ljsf; gx'“bf;Dd l:ylt o:tf] lyPg . ;fd|FHojfbsf] ljsf; eO;s]kl5 l:ylt s] eof] eGbf hxf“–hxf“ cj;/jfb;“u lg0ff{os ;+3if{ ug{] kf6L{x¿sf] ljsf; eof], Toxf“–Toxf“ ;fd|fHojfblj?4 / k|ltlqmofjfblj?4 jf:tljs qmflGtsf/L n8fO{+ cufl8 a9\of] . hxf“ Tof] x'g ;s]g, tL kf6L{x¿ u2f/ eP, ;+zf]wgjfbL eP / l;l4P . To;sf/0f n]lggsf] Tof] n]v tkfO{+x¿nfO{ Psrf]6L x]g{ cg'/f]w u5{' . …;fd|fHojfb / ;dfhjfbL cfGbf]ngdf km"6Ú eGg] Pp6f /rgfdf n]lggn] o;nfO{ c;fWo} ;+Zn]lift ¿kdf /fVg' ePsf] 5 .

bf];|f] cGt/f{li6«osf tdfd kf6L{x¿ u2f/ kf6L{x¿df lsg kl/0ft eP < sfpT:sLx¿ s;/L u2f/ eP < ;fd|FHojfbL klxnf] ljZjo'4sf qmddf tL kf6L{x¿ s;/L ;fd|FHojfbsf bnfn s7k'tnLsf ¿kdf ktg eP < Ps hdfgfdf ltgLx¿ klg jf:tljs dfS;{jfbL lyP . ltgLx¿n] klg dfS;{jfbs} s'/f uy{] . of] cj;/jfb eg]sf] a8f] 8/nfUbf] s'/f] xf] . of] cj;/jfb / ;fd|fHojfbsf] ;fOgf] klxnfsf] t'ngfdf clxn] w]/} ulx/f] u/L uf“l;of] . To;sf/0f cj;/jfb;“u gn8Lsg cnu} ;fd|FHojfb;“usf] n8fO ca sNkg} ug{ ;lsb}g eg]/ n]lggn] Tof] /rgfdf eGg' ePsf] 5 . xfdLn] ToxL dfGotfaf6 hgo'4 ;'? u¥of}+ . Pdfn]sf] ;+zf]wgjfb 8/nfUbf] lyof] . Tolta]nfsf] Pdfn]sf] ;+u7gfTds tfutcufl8 xfd|f] Tolt xf]Og . Tolta]nf pm r'gfjaf6 ljhoL eO;s]kl5 b]zJofkL ¿kdf pgLx¿sf] Pp6fvfnsf] pef/ lyof] t/ xfdL yf]/} eP klg Pdfn]dfly xfdLn] lg0ff{os k|xf/ ul//fv]sf x'GYof}+ . lsgls Pdfn]sf] ;+zf]wgjfbnfO{ g]:tgfa'b gu/Lsg qmflGt cufl8 hfg]jfnf lyPg . Tof] t hAa/ ;+zf]wgjfb xf], Tof] 3fts cj;/jfb xf] eGg] s'/f xfdLn] :ki6;“u a'lem;s]kl5 To;sf lj?4 h]xfb 5]8\of}+ / 5]8\b} uof}+ . To;n] qmflGtsf] p7fgsf] lglDt Pp6f j}rfl/s cfwf/ tof/ kf¥of] . n8fO“{sf] cfwf/e"ld ToxL+af6 tof/ eof] . of] k|lqmof ToxL+ ;lsof] eGg] xf]Og, Tof] k|lqmof cufl8 al9/fv]sf] 5 / cem cufl8 a9\5 . xfdLn] b]lv;Sof}+ qmflGt ljhoL eO;s]kl5 klg Tof] km]l/ cfp“5 . clxn]sf] s'/f xf]Og, qmflGt ljhoL eO;s]kl5 km]l/ klg cfpg]jfnf 5 . To;;“u klg xfdL cjZo n8\g' kg{] 5 . To;sf/0f a9L dxŒjsf ;fy d}n] hf]8 lbg] bf];|f] a'“bf s] xf] eg] xfdL lglZrt ¿kdf ;fd|fHojfbLx¿åf/f 3]l/Psf 5f}+ . clxn] ljZjdf sxL+ klg ;dfhjfbL ;Qf 5}g . dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] g]t[Tjdf 7"nf–7"nf qmflGtsf/L pef/x¿ rln/fv]sf klg 5}gg\ . km]l/ klg xfdL nl8/fv]sf 5f}+ / xfdL n8\b} cl3 a9\b} cfPsf klg 5f}+ .

n8\b} cfp“bf gf} jif{sf] cjlwdf s] s'/f :yflkt eof] eg] clxn]sf a8]–a8] eg]sf ;fd|fHojfbL–lj:tf/jfbL zf;sx¿ ;a}sf] lglDt hgo'4 Pp6f r'gf}tL eof] . g]kfnh:tf] ;fgf] b]zdf xfd|f]h:tf] ;fgf] kf6L{n] ;'? u/]sf] hgo'4 gf} jif{ laTbfglaTb} lbNnLb]lv jfl;+u6g;Dd / o'/f]kb]lv rLg;Dd ;a}sf lglDt r'gf}tL s;/L aGg ;Sof] t < oxf“ Pp6f qmflGtsf/L ljrf/ 5 . of] ljrf/åf/f lgb{]lzt hg;d'bfo / ljrf/åf/f lgb{]lzt cfGbf]ng 5 . oxL cfbz{sf lglDt cfkm"nfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ¿kn] alnj]bLdf xf]ldlbg] ljzfn qmflGtsf/L hdft oxf“ tof/ ePsf] 5 . ;'?df xfdLnfO{ s] nfUYof] eg] h:tf] ?s'ddf ^ hgf vqLaGw'x¿sf] xTof ePkl5 ;fob vtd x'G5f}+ Sof/] . 7"n} t/¨ lyof] Tof] a]nf . t/ clxn] xfdL s] b]V5f}+ eg] ^ xhf/sf] zxfbtkl5 of] t emg\ b]zJofkL ePsf] 5 . clxn] !)–!! xhf/sf] zxfbtkl5 xfdLn] s] b]lv/x]sf 5f}+ eg] of] t ljZjJofkL x'“b}5 . To;sf/0f Oltxf;sf h'g s'g} klg qmflGt x]/f}+ jf ¿;L qmflGtsf] s'/f u/f}+ . nfvf}+–nfvsf] alna]bLsf] aLraf6 dfq} Tof] dxfg\ qmflGt ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . lx6n/nfO{ Wj:t kfg{] bf];|f] ljZjo'4df ;f]leot sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf b'O{ s/f]8 dfG5]sf] aln r9]/ dfq} Tof] ;dfhjfbsf] /Iff x'g ;s]sf] xf] . alnbfglagf Oltxf; sxf“ cl3 a9]sf] 5 / < of] dfq sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngsf] s'/f xf]Og, sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] hGd x'g'eGbf cufl8 cyjf of] l;4fGtsf] hGd x'g'eGbf cufl8 klg 7"nf–7"nf n8fO{+ lyP . rf/ xhf/ jif{sf] Oltxf;sf] Psbd /fd|f];“u ;}Go ljz]if1x¿n] Pp6f tYof+s lgsfn]sf 5g\, rf/ xhf/ jif{sf] dfgjhfltsf] Oltxf;df !^) jif{ dfq o'4 gePsf jif{ eP af“sL #*$) jif{ k"/} o'4 dfq} ePsf] 5 . dfG5]n] h] hlt gof“ rLhsf] ljsf; ug{ ;Sof], oxL o'4sf] aLraf6 ;Sof] . xfdLn] gf} jif{ kf/ u/L bz jif{df k|j]z ub{}5f}+ . of] !) jif{sf] Oltxf;nfO{ s;/L d"Nof+sg ug{] eGg] ;Gbe{df klg xfdL 5nkmn ub{}5f}+ . Pp6f sfofkn6 t eO;s]sf] 5 . xfdL k"0f{ ;kmn xf]cf}+nf of gxf]cf}+nf t/ g]kfnL ;dfhdf sfofkn6 eO;Sof] . c¿ zflGtsfnsf] !)) jif{sf] lx;fa ubf{ jf /f0ffsfnsf] !)) jif{ / xfd|f] hgo'4sf] !) jif{sf] lx;fa u¥of] eg] Tof] !)) jif{sf] ljsf;sf] ulteGbf xfd|f] o'4sf] !) jif{sf] ljsf;sf] ult s}of}+ u'0ff a9L 5 . o'4n] dfG5]sf] ;f]Rg] tl/sfdf, sfd ug{] tl/sfdf, hLjg / hut\nfO{ a'‰g] tl/sfdf sfofkn6 NofOlbPsf] 5 / of] Pp6f r'gf}tL klg aGg k'u]sf] 5 .

hgo'4df xfdL ljhoL x'G5f}+ / xfdL ljhoL x'g}k5{ . of] bfjf xfdLn] lsg ul//x]sf 5f}+ t eGbf of] !) jif{df xfdLn] oxf“sf b':dgx¿leq cGtlj{/f]wx¿ s] k/] / xfdLn] To;nfO{ s;/L kl/rflnt u¥of}+ < !) jif{df cGt/f{li6«o ;fd|fHojfbleq s] cGtlj{/f]w k/] / xfdLn] To;nfO{ s;/L ;+rfng u¥of}+ . of]aLrdf xfd||f] ljrf/sf] ljsf; s;/L eP/ cfof] / Tof] ljrf/n] la:tf/}–la:tf/} g]kfnsf] ;Ldf s;/L gf£b} 5 < xfd|f] o'4n] xfd|f] ;Ldf/]vf tf]8\of]–tf]8\of] . o'4n] ;Ldf/]vf tf]8\of] eg]sf] csf{] cy{df ljrf/n] ;Ldf/]vf tf]8\of] eg]sf] klg xf] . xfd|f] ljrf/n] xfd|f] ;Ldf/]vf tf]8\b} blIf0f Pl;of;Dd uof] . of] blIf0f Pl;of dfq} xf]Og, clxn] ljZjJofkL ¿kdf 5nkmndf 5 . xfdLn] of] k|lqmofnfO{ cem dfly p7fpg ;Sof}+ eg] lglZrt ¿kdf 7"nf–7"nf zlQms]Gb| eg]sfx¿, hf] hg;d'bfosf] lxteGbf aflx/ 5g\, nfO{ 7Ls kfg{ ;lsg] 5 . lsgls, clxn]sf] b'lgof“ sxL+ l:y/tfdf 5}g . bf];|f] ljZjo'4kl5 olt w]/} cl:y/ b'lgof“ slxNo} klg lyPg eGg] s'/f ;fd|FHojfbL ljz]if1x¿ klg eGg afWo 5g\ . pgLx¿ eGb}5g\, cfufdL #)–%) jif{leq of] b'lgof“ 7"nf–7"nf pynk'yndf hfg]jfnf 5 . cd]l/sfn] ljZjel/sf a'l4hLjL / af}l4s ;Dkbfx¿ hDdf u/]sf] 5 . olta]nf d}n] pgLx¿sf] PgfnfO;]; lj¨ k9\b} 5', To;n] lgsfn]sf] lgisif{ 5 ls– ca sxL+ klg zflGt x'g]jfnf 5}g . 7"nf–7"nf pyn–k'ynsf] aLraf6 hfg]jfnf 5 ljZj . olb cd]l/sf jf o:t} zlQmx¿n] 7Ls 9+un] rLhsf] ;+rfng ug{ ;s]gg\ eg] 7"n–7"nf n8fO“sf] aLraf6 b'lgof“ hfg] lglZrt 5 . Tof] lj¨n] kf“r jif{ -xfd|f] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng cf;kf;sf aLrdf_ cufl8 g} Pp6f s] lgisif{df k'u]sf] b]lvof] eg] g]kfnsf] dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngnfO{ ef/tLox¿n] 7Ls ;dodf an k|of]u u/]/ bafpg ;s]gg\ eg] casf] !)–!% jif{leq ef/tdf klg sDo'lg:6x¿sf] zf;g cfpg]jfnf 5 . olb g]kfn / ef/t b'j} b]zdf sDo'lg:6 zf;g cfof] eg] o;n] rLgnfO{ k|efj kfg{] 5 / ljZj;Gt'ng ;a} lju|g]jfnf 5 . pgLx¿n] klg a'em]sf 5g\ ls sDo'lgHd eg]sf] lj1fg} xf] . o;df w]/} / yf]/} dfG5] eGg] x'“b}g . lj1fgnfO{ 7Ls 9+uaf6 ;dfTof] eg] o;n] dfG5] agfOxfN5 . h:tf] dfcf]n] eGg'eof] lg nfOg 7Ls eof] eg] gePsf] dfG5] klg aG5 . gePsf] xltof/ klg kfOG5 . gePsf] ;Qf klg kfOG5 t/ nfOg a]7Ls eof] eg] ePsf] klg u'D5 . pgLx¿n] klg of] s'/fnfO{ a'em]sf 5g\ .

sd/]8x¿ † dfcf]n] klg ca cfpg] %)–!)) jif{sf] ljZn]if0f ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pxf“n] eg]sf] %)–!)) jif{ / ;fd|fHojfbn] lgsfn]sf] lgisif{ ;+of]u dfq geP/ b'j}df j}1flgs cfwf/x¿ 5g\ lsgls pgLx¿ klg dfG5] x'g\ . gfkL–gfkL lx;fa u5{g\ . dfcf]n] casf %)–!)) jif{ 7"nf–7"nf pyn–k'ynaf6 u'h|G5 eGg' / ;fd|fHojfbL ljz]if1x¿n] lgsfn]sf] #)–%) jif{sf] pyn–k'ynsf] lgisif{df s]xL ;dfgtfx¿ e]l6G5g\ . ljZjsf ;fd|FHojfbL g]t[Tjx¿ ;a}n] cl:y/ b'lgof“ eGg yfn]sf 5g\ . e"d08nsf] s'g} klg If]q l:y/ 5}g . e"d08nLs/0fn] b'lgof“nfO{ ;fgf] agfOlbof] . ljB'tLo k|ljlwn] b'lgof“nfO{ Psbd ;fgf] agfOlbof] . l5gl5gdf 36gfx¿n] Psn] csf{]nfO{ k|efljt kfg{] u/fOlbof] . ca ;fd|fHojfb b'lgof“nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg] l:yltdf k'u]sf] 5 . O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg, dWok"j{, clk|msf, blIf0f Pl;of k"/} hxf“ x]/] klg dfG5]x¿df 7"nf] cl:y/tf b]lvG5 . ;fd|FHojfbsf] ljsNksf] vf]hL ljleGg sf]0faf6 eO/fv]sf] l:ylt 5 . xfdLn] 7Ls 9+uaf6 ;dfTg vf]h]sf] s'/f klg oxL xf] . To;sf/0f ef/tLo lj:tf/jfblj?4 ;a}vfn] tof/L, h:t} j}rfl/s tof/L, /fhgLlts tof/L, kmf}hL tof/L cflb a9fpg' k5{ eg]/ To;} eg]sf xf]Ogf}+ . g]kfnsf] dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng h;/L tLj|tfdf cufl8 a9]/ uof], o;sf] kl/0ffd ef/tsf] sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng, hf] ljvl08t lyof] / lj>[+vlnt lyof], df Pp6f Pstf k}bf eof] . lj:tf/jfbn] a'em]sf] 5, g]kfnsf] dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng hah{:t cufl8 a9\b} uPsf] x'gfn] otfkl§ k|efj kf¥of] . To;}n] lbNnL b/af/n] eGb} 5, dfcf]jfbL ;d:of g]kfnsf] dfq ;d:of xf]Og, ef/tsf] klg ;d:of xf] . t;y{, ca xfd|f] cfGbf]ng blIf0f Pl;ofsf] bfbfsf] d'Vo ;d:of aGg k'Uof] . p;n] d'Vo ;d:ofsf] ¿kdf lng'kg{] eof] . xfd|f] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7snuQ} ef/tsf b'O{6f efOrf/f kf6L{x¿ Pd=;L=;L= / lkk'N; jf/sf] Pstf eof] . Pstf ;“u;“u} nfvf}+sf ;efx¿ eP . jftf{sf] qmd klg Toxf“ rNof] . ca pgLx¿n] s] s'/f :ki6;“u a'em] eg] of] cfGbf]ng blIf0f Pl;ofs} cfGbf]ng eof] .

g]kfnaf6 h'g 9+un] dfS;{jfbsf] ljsf; eof], h'g 9+un] o'4sf] ljsf; eof] of] ;dod} lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsPg eg], o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;Sg] tfut ef/t;“u eP/ klg ef/tn] g} of] kxn u/]g eg] !)–!% jif{leq vtd x'g]jfnf 5 eGb}5g\ pgLx¿ . lx;fa Psbd 7Ls 5 eGg] xf]Og . !)–!% jif{leq}df ef/tdf qmflGt eOxfN5 eGg] dnfO{rflx+ nfu]sf] 5}g . t/ of] s'/f lglZrt xf] ef/tdf qmflGt x'G5 . @) jif{ nfUnf, @% jif{ nfUnf, #) jif{ nfUnf . dgf]ut 9+un] Hof]ltlifn] eGg] h:tf] s'/f of] k/]g . t/ km]l/ klg aNn ef/t / cd]l/sfn] s'/f a'‰b}5g\ . To;}n] cd]l/sfn] ef/tnfO{ lhDdf lbg' k¥of] . cd]l/sfn] O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg / oxf“ klg xfGg w]/} cK7\of/f] 5 . g]kfn /0fgLlts lx;fan] c;fWo} ;+j]bgzLn 7fp“ k¥of] . ljZjdfglrqdf Pp6f ljGb' hqf] b]z eP klg o;sf] /0fgLlts dxŒj w]/} 7"nf] 5 . To;}n] xfdLn] eGof}+, g]kfn b'O{ 9'+ufaLrsf] lu|g]8 -8fOgfdfO6_ xf] . of] lj:kmf]6 eof] eg] b'O{6} 9'+uf Wj:t x'g]jfnf 5g\ . t/ o;nfO{ k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] b'O{ 9'+ufaLrsf] t?n eg] . of] ljZn]if0f cfTd;dk{0fjfbL ljZn]if0f xf] . t?n xf] eg] t s;/L l6Sg] s'/f cfof] / < t?n t SofRr} x'G5 . To;sf/0f xfdL b'O{ 9'+ufaLrsf] 8fOgfdfO6 xf}+ / xfdL k8\s]kl5 b'O{6} l;l4G5g\ . of] ljZn]if0f qmflGtsf/L ljZn]if0f xf] / jf:tljs klg oxL xf] . xfdLnfO{ l;Wofpg ;a} ldn]/ an k|of]u u/]s} x'g\ t/ l;Wofpg ;s]gg\ . xfd|f] w]/} IFlt t ePsf] 5, w]/} alnbfg klg ePsf] 5 t/ km]l/ ljrf/sf] lx;fan], cfGbf]ngsf] k|efjsf] lx;fan] of] emg\ km}lnb} uPsf] 5 . pgLx¿n] g} :jLsf/ u/]sf] s'/f ef/tdf !# s/f]8 hgtf dfcf]jfbL k|efjdf 5g\ . ef/tsf PsLs[t kf6L{sf] k|efjdf !# s/f]8 / xfd|f] k|efjdf @ s/f]8 5g\ . xfdL ca blIf0f Pl;ofdf !% s/f]8 hgtfsf] k|efjsf] aLrdf 5f}+ . !% s/f]8 hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug{] xfdL ca lsg sf];“u 8/fpg] < ef}lts ¿kn] x]bf{ klg !% s/f]8 ;fgf] xf]Og . em08} ¿;sf] hg;+Vof hqf], em08}–em08} cd]l/sfsf] hg;+Vof hqf] xfdL;“u klg eO;s]kl5 lsg 8/fpg] < a?, af“sL s] xf] eg] xfd|f] ljrf/nfO{ cem dfly p7fpg] s'/f / xfd|f] ;dGjonfO{ /fd|f];“u ldnfpg] s'/f . o;nfO{ 7Ls ¿kn] ldnfpg ;lsof] eg] !% s/f]8 hgtfn] blIf0f Pl;ofsf] k"/} hg;d'bfonfO{ k"/} k|efj kfg{ ;S5 . olb xfd|f] ljZn]if0f ;xL xf]Og eg] cd]l/sfn] xfd|f] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngkl5 b/af/ xTofsf08 lsg u/fpg' k¥of] < klxnf] jftf{ e+u ePkl5 cd]l/sfn] oxf“ Pd–!^ nufotsf cTofw'lgs xltof/ lsg y'kfg{' k/]sf] lyof] < cd]l/sg ljz]if1 oxf“ cfP/ lsg tflnd lbg' k/]sf] lyof] < olb xfdL vf;} zlQm xf]Ogf}+ / vf;} s]xL ug{ klg ;Sb}gf}+ eGg] pgLx¿nfO{ nfUYof] eg] oqf] lsg x'GYof] t < :ki6;“u ;fd|fHojfbn] s'/f] a'‰of] ls oxf“ Pp6f ljrf/ 5 . Pp6f d"No–dfGotf 5 . of] j}1flgs klg 5 . olb of] 89]nf] cl:y/ b'lgof“e/L km}lnof] eg] lgs} 7"nf] 89]nf]sf] ;[li6 x'g ;S5 .

sd/]8x¿, sltko o:tf k|fljlws ljifox¿ x'G5g\, h;sf af/] dfG5]x¿df e|d k}bf x'G5 . l;4fGtsf] ljifo / k|fljlws ljifodf e|d l;h{gf ug{] dfG5]x¿ klg x'G5g\ . tkfO{+x¿n] klg k9\g' xf]nf, d}n] ev{/} k9\b}5' ls dfcf]nfO{ !(^( sf] n';fg a}7ssf] a]nfdf cj;/jfbLx¿n] c;fWo} ;tfPsf lyP . Tolta]nf kf6L{df cj;/jfbLx¿sf] af]njfnf klg lyof] . dfcf]sf] nfOg 7Ls ePg, dgf]utjfbL eof], pu|jfbL eof] eGg] cf/f]k k]ª t] x'O, hf] ;/sf/df /Iff dGqL / kf6L{df kL=aL=Pd= klg lyof], n] nufp“Yof] . dfcf]sf] of]hgfdf dxfg\ cu|ufdL 5nf¨, hgsDo'g cflb lyof] . …of] dfcf]sf] of]hgf a]7Ls eof], pu|jfbL / dgf]utjfbL eof] . o;n] eb|uf]n agfof]Ú eGg] cf/f]k nfu]sf] a]nfdf dfcf] emf]lSsP/ s] eGg' x'GYof] eg]– …To;f] eP d]/f] dfq xf]Og, dfS;{sf] klg 7Ls lyPg . n]lggn] eg]sf] klg 7Ls lyPg . dfS;{n] klxnf klZrdsf ;aeGbf ljsl;t b]zdf qmflGt x'G5 eGg'x'GYof], x'“b} ePg . To;f] eP dfS;{ klg a]7Ls . n]lggn] ca ;dfhjfbL qmflGt ePkl5 ljZjqmflGt l5§} ;'? x'g]jfnf 5 eGg' x'GYof] t/ sxL+ klg ePg . To;f] eP n]lgg klg a]7Ls . ca dfS;{nfO{ klg l;WofOlbg' k¥of], n]lggnfO{ klg l;WofOlbg' k¥of] . lsgeg], Tolta]nf dfcf]nfO{ l;Wofpg] if8\oGq eO/fv]sf] lyof] . d'VotM hxf“ klg xfdLn] l;4fGt / Jojxf/sf] cwoog ubf{ s'g p2]Zon] sfd ePsf] 5 of 5}g eGg] s'/f d'Vo x'G5 . s'g} vf; of]hgf ;kmn eof] ls ePg eGg] s'/f d'Vo x'“b}g . s'g}–s'g} of]hgf t c;kmn x'g klg ;S5g\ . t/ ;+zf]wgjfbLx¿n] oxL Pp6f ;fgf] c;kmntfnfO{ o:tf];“u ;}4fGtLs/0f u/]/ l;Wofpg vf]H5g\ ls eofgs if8\oGq /lrxfN5g\ . To;}n] qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] hlxn] klg cufl8 a9\g] s'/f] ubf{ ;j{xf/fju{sf] :jfy{ / qmflGtsf] lxtnfO{ s]Gb|df /fVg' kg{] x'G5 .

dfly eg]h:t} ;a} ljZn]if0f t ldn]g lg . dfS;{n] t cf}Bf]lus k'“hLjfbsf] a9L ljsf; ePsf klZrdL /fi6«x¿, cem a9L pxf“n] t a]nfotd} qmflGt x'G5 eGg' efYof] t/ ePg . To;f] eP dfS;{ a]7Ls xf] t < xf]Og . n]lggn] o;;“u hf]8]/ s] eGg' eof] t eGbf dfS;{ Psbd 7Ls xf] . Tof] a]nfsf] dhb'/ cfGbf]ngsf] l:ylt, ;fd|fHojfbLx¿sf] ljsf; geO;s]sf] l:ylt / k|lt:kwf{Tds k'“hLsf] hdfgfdf ToxL ljZn]if0f g} ;a}eGbf j}1flgs xf] . a]nfotsf] ;Gbe{df t dfS;{n] s] elglbg' eof] eg]– Toxf“ t zflGtk"0f{ klg x'g ;S5 . Tolta]nfsf] a]nfotdf ;]gfsf] hf] l:ylt lyof] / dhb'/ cfGbf]ngsf] hf] l:ylt lyof], Tof] ljlzi6 l:ylt / vf; cj:yfdf cfGbf]ngnfO{ 7Ls 9+uaf6 g]t[Tj ug{ ;lsof] eg] Toxf“ zflGtk"0f{ klg x'g ;S5 eGg] dfS;{sf] ljZn]if0f lyof] . …dfS;{n] t zflGtk"0f{ eg]sf 5g\Ú eGb} kl5 sfpT:sLn] ToxL zflGtk"0f{nfO{ l;4fGt agfpg yfNof] . To;nfO{ n]lggn] v08g ug{'eof] . Tof] t Pp6f ljz]if l:yltsf] dfS;{sf] egfO lyof] . Tof] l:ylt kl/jt{g ePkl5 t zflGtk"0f{ klg l;l4of] . dfS;{sf] d"n rLh zflGtk"0f{ xf] t < xf]Og . ;z:q ;+3if{lagf x'g} ;Sb}g eGg] g} xf] . ;Dk"0f{ ;j{xf/fju{sf] clwgfosTjnufot dfS;{jfbsf] d'Vo r'/f] Pp6f 5 . Pp6f b]zdf olt sf/0fn] zflGtk"0f{ klg x'g ;S5 eg]sf]nfO{ ;+zf]wgjfbn] dfS;{jfb agfOlbG5 / dfS;{jfbsf] ((=( k|ltztnfO{ dfS;{jfb xf]Og eGg] agfOlbG5 eGb} n]lggn] ;+zf]wgjfbsf] v08g ug{'eof] . n]lggsf] egfO s] lyof] eg] ;dfhjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg eO;s]kl5 ca hd{gLdf klg qmflGt ;'? x'G5 . klZrd o'/f]kdf klg qmflGt eOxfN5 . t];|f] cGt/f{li6«osf] n]lggsf] I, II, III efif0f k9\of] eg] ca qmflGt x\jf/x\jftL{ ljZjel/ km}lnG5 . ;an] ;f]leot ;Qfsf] tof/L ug{], ;a} ;Qfsf] :j¿k ;f]leot x'G5 . ca ;a} kf6L{n] g]t[Tj ug{ yfNg' k¥of] eGg] 9+usf] e]l6G5 . cflv/ hd{gLsf] qmflGt klg ePg . emg\ klZrd o'/f]kdf t x'g] s'/} ePg . qmflGt t rLglt/ cfof] cyjf csf{]lt/ uof] . o;f] eP n]lgg a8f] dgf]utjfbL, a8f pu|jfbL lyP t < xf]Og . n]lggsf] ljZn]if0f ug{] tl/sf vtd elgof] eg] Tof]eGbf ;+zf]wgjfbL c¿ s]xL x'“b}g . Tolta]nf Toqf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿ lyP . tL ;a} kf6L{x¿n] ;j{xf/f cfGbf]ngnfO{ ljZjo'4sf lj?4 kl/rflnt u/]sf] eP s] ;Dej lyPg < cjZo klg ;Dej lyof] . s'g e"lddf n]lggn] Tof] ts{ ug{'eof] . Tolta]nfsf] e"ldnfO{ x]¥of] eg] Tof] dfS;{jfb g} xf] eGg] cfp“5 . Tof] cfwf/ Toxf“ lyof] t/ Tof] cfwf/ kl5 ablnof] . ;fd|fHojfbsf] s8L hxf“–hxf“ sdhf]/ lyof], Toxf“–Toxf“ qmflGt ;DkGg x'g] l:ylt aGb} uof] . qmflGt k"jL{o b]zlt/ km}n“b} rLgdf cfof], qmflGtsf] nx/ cfof] / cufl8 klg a9\of] .

sd/]8x¿ † d]/f] egfOsf] tfTko{ s] xf] eg], vfln d}n] tkfO{+x¿sf] Wofg / lbdfunfO{ clnslt a9L lqmofzLn ug{ dfq vf]h]sf] xf] . sxf“–sxf“ x]g{'kg{] /x]5 eGg] lx;fan] ;a}sf] lbdfu Totflt/ hfcf];\ eg]/ xf] . o;sf] ;a} JofVof 306f}+ dfq xf]Og, s}of}+ lbg ug{'kg{] l:ylt cfp“5 . Totfkl§ hfg vf]h]sf] d xf]Og . vfln lbdfunfO{ pQ]lht ug{ vf]h]sf] rflx+ xf] . xfdLn] x]bf{ kTofpg} g;lsg] s'/fh:tf] b]lvG5 . g]kfnh:tf] ;fgf] b]zsf], oqf] ;fgf] kf6L{n] blIf0f Pl;ofdf qmflGtsf] ;kgf b]Vg], ef/t / blIf0f Pl;ofsf] qmflGtaf6 ljZjqmflGt km}nG5 eGg] ;kgf b]Vg] . o;f] x]bf{ t dfS;{n] ;f]r]h:t}, n]lggn] ;f]r]h:t} ef]ln uP/ xfd|f] klg x'g ;S5 . x'g t tL ljZn]if0fx¿ a]7Ls lyPgg\ . xfdLn] lglZrt cfwf/, j:t'ut cfwf/df 6]s]/ eg]sf 5f}+ ls 5}gf}+ eGg] s'/f d'Vo xf] . xfdLn] hlta]nf hgo'4 kxn u¥of}+, Tolta]nf w]/}n] xfdLnfO{ lvl;l6p/L ug{ vf]Hy] . xfdL ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5, sltko t oxf“dWo]sf w]/} g} aRr} klg x'g'x'GYof] xf]nf . efif0f ug{ l;kfn' lrqaxfb'/ s]=;L=x¿, …h;sf] xftdf u'n]nL klg 5}g, To;n] ;z:q ;+3if{sf] s'/f ug{] † xf=xf=Ú u/]/ xf“:g] dfG5]x¿ cem} lhp“b} 5g\ . Pd=jL=n] t …o;sf] cfo' !) dlxgf xf], To;kl5 l;l4G5g\Ú eg]sf lyP . v'daxfb'/x¿n] tLg dlxgfleq Wj:t x'g] 3f]if0ff u/] . …tLg dlxgfdf k"/} lgoGq0f ul/G5Ú eg]sf lyP . hgo'4 ;'? ug{] a]nfdf dfwj g]kfn ljb]z lyP . kms{]kl5 -d}n] ;lDem/fv]sf] 5'_ …l/dn] lgb{]zg u¥of] xf]nf, To;f] eP/ u/]sfÚ eg] . olt uDeL/ ljifosf af/]df olt xNsf l6Kk0fL . tdfd ;+zf]wgjfbLx¿ / k'/fgf] ;Qfsfx¿n] xfd|f] af/]df u/]sf s'/f log} lyP . t/ xfdLnfO{ ljZjf; lyof] ls cufl8 nfg ;S5f}+ . xfdLn] h] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf lyof}+, To;n] /utsf] d"No t lnG5 eGg] Tolta]n} yfxf lyof] . t/ cufl8 hfg]jfnf rflx+ kSs} 5 . clxn] gf} jif{kl5 t xfdLn] 9'Ss;“u eGg ;Sof}+ ls hgo'4 ltgLx¿n] sNkgf u/]sf]eGbf stf xf] stf dfly uO;Sof] . /, olta]nf t ljZj;fd|fHojfbnfO{ r'gf}tL v8f ub{} cufl8 al9/fv]sf] 5 .

d}n] cl3 eg]+, !)–@) jif{ leqdf ef/tdf qmflGt x'G5 . #)–%) jif{leq b'lgof“ pynk'yn x'g]jfnf 5 . Tof] agfpg] dWo]sf] Pp6f a8f 7"nf] lsnf pgLx¿sf lglDt xfdL aGg k'Uof}+ . pgLx¿sf] d'6'sf] lsnf xfdL aGb}5f}+ . To;sf/0f of] ljrf/nfO{ cem dfly s;/L p7fpg] xf]nf < of] ljrf/sf] /Iff s;/L ug{], of] ljrf/nfO{ cem /fd|f];“u k|of]u s;/L ug{] / of] ljrf/nfO{ cem /fd|f];“u ljsf; s;/L ug{] eGg]lt/ xfdL ;a} uof}+ eg] lglZrt ¿kdf xfdLn] ljZjqmflGt b]Vg]5f}+ . tkfO{+–xfdLdWo] JolQm sf] af“rf}+nf, gafrf}+nf, of] t lglZrt s'/f] ePg, t/ xfd|f] lk+9Ln] b]Vg] 5 ls blIf0f Pl;ofdf 7"nf] qmflGt x'G5 / o;n] ljZj eTsfOlbG5 . ljZj;fd|fHojfbsf] ;Gt'ngnfO{ /fd|};“u eTsfOlbG5 . gof“ ;Gt'ng lgdf{0f -l;h{gf_ x'g]jfnf 5 . o;nfO{ pgLx¿n] /f]Sg ;Sg] 5}gg\ . of] 9+uaf6 rLhnfO{ x]g{'k5{ h:tf] nfU5 . of] rLhnfO{ d}n] stfaf6 klg eGg vf]h]sf] xf] t eGbf ha hgo'4 tLj|tfdf cl3 a9\b} uof], a9\b} hfg] qmddf pgLx¿n] ;'?b]lv nf] OG6]lG;6L jfo/km]o/sf] gLlt ckgfP . clxn] ;fd|FHojfbn] Nofl6g cd]l/sfdf klg k|of]u u/]sf], leotgfd o'4df klg k|of]u u/]sf] / pgLx¿n] ljsf; u/]sf] of] /0fgLlt vf; u/]/ qmflGtsf/L o'4sf lvnfkdf xf] . o;leq w]/} rLh 5 . o;df d'VotM g]t[TjnfO{ ;dfTg] / l;Wofpg], kf6L{leq km"6 kfg{] / cGt/Wj+; ug{], ;L=cfO=8L=x¿sf] hfnf] htf;'s} km}nfpg], sdf08f] /]~h/, cTofw'lgs xNsf xltof/ / Psbd k|efjsf/L xltof/åf/f df/ xfGg] cflb–OToflb rLhx¿sf] of]ukmn pQm o'4 gLlt xf] . Tof] jfo/km]/;lxt cd]l/sf t xfd|f] lj?4 tLg jif{ cufl8b]lv cfof] . ef/t–rLgaLrsf] cGtlj{/f]w, oxf“sf] xfd|f] e"uf]n, xfd|f hgtf, oL ;a}n] p;nfO{ cK7\of/f] kf¥of] . kl5Nnf] r/0fdf p;n] ef/tnfO{ cl3 ;f¥of] . km]l/ ef/t / kfls:tfgsf] cGtlj{/f]w lyof], To;nfO{ ldnfpg' k¥of] . b'lgof“df ;a} cGtlj{/f]wsf] hfnf] g 5 . b]lv+bf ;a} 7"nf–7"nf b]lvg] dfq xf] . logLx¿ leqleq vtd 5g\ . leq} uP/ x]¥of] eg] 7"nf–7"nf eg]sf dfG5]x¿ emg\ vtd 5g\ . ;a}df km6\ofO, hfnem]n / if8\oGqeGbf s]xL 5}g . oL ;a}nfO{ ldnfp“bf blIf0f Pl;ofdf ef/t} xf] eGb} cGTodf ef/tnfO{ cl3 ;f/]sf] b]lvG5 .

clxn] xfd|f] o'4 tLj|tfdf cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . klxnf] s'/f, zfxL ;]gf t xfdL;“u jf:tjdf k'ln;eGbf l56f] xf/]sf] xf] . lbglbg} df]rf{df le8\g] xfd|f] ;]gfsf ;fyLx¿sf] s'/f ;'Gbf / ;a}sf] cg'ej s] /x\of] eg] xfdLnfO{ sdf08f] k'ln;n] ;tfpg;Dd ;tfof] . To;sf] t'ngfdf ;]gfn] vf;} ;tfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . ;+s6sfn jf:tjdf kxf8lt/ nfUb} nfu]g . ;+s6sfn t pxL ;b/d'sfd, /fhwfgL, ;8s jl/kl/ / t/fO{sf s]xL o:tf Onfsfx¿df dfq nfu]sf] /x]5 . bf];|f] s'/f, zfxL ;]gfdfly ha d+un;]g, ln:g]–ufd, ;tjl/of, ;lGwvs{, h'Dnf;lxt rf/–kf“rj6f df]rf{df xfdLn] bgs lbPkl5 d'VotM -dnfO{ nfUg] s'/f / tYon] klg k'li6 u/]sf]_ d+un;]g / ufd xflg;s]kl5 zfxL ;]gf k"/} 9Nof] . p;sf log} xltof/ / ToxL kmf]l6{lkms]zgdf rln/fv]sf] eP l:ylt cs{} aGYof] . h;/L k'ln; rn]sf lyP, ljr/f k'ln; hlt d/] klg kmf]l6lkms]zg ga9fO{sg n¶L lnP/ aflx/ 8\o"6L ug{], ToxL 3/leq} a:g], ToxL #–)–# xltof/ lng] ePkl5 t xfdLn] hfg] lalQs} l56f]l56f] lhTg yfNof}+ lg . o;/L g} ;]gfn] klg xltof/sf] u'0f ga9fPsf] eP, kmf]l6{lkms]zg ga9fPsf] eP, cd]l/sg 6]«lgª ga9fPsf] eP clxn];Dd xfdLn] g]kfn lhlt;SYof}+ . of] s'/f ljlrq nfUg ;S5 t/ jf:tljstf ToxL lyof] lsgeg] zfxL ;]gfdf k"/} efubf}8 ;'? eO;s]sf] lyof] . j}b]lzs
-cd]l/sg, o'/f]kLo / ef/tLo_ k};f, xltof/, k|ljlw gk]lnPsf] eP g]kfn olta]nf cs{} eO;SYof] . of] s'/f sfNklgs klg x'g ;S5 . ca t sfNklgs h:tf] klg eof] . pgLx¿nfO{ klg o:t} nfu]sf] lyof] . To;}n] j:t'ut ¿kd} xfdLlj?4 nfu] . ;fd|FHojfbLx¿nfO{ s] nfu]sf] lyof] eGbf ;]gf k|of]u gu/]/ logLx¿sf] r'/Lkm'/L a9]sf] xf], ;]gfn] Psrf]6L 8\ofDd xflGbPkl5 logLx¿ l;l4G5g\ . zfxL ;]gfn] klg 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP, …;+s6sfn nufPkl5 @) lbgdf lgoGq0f ug{ ;S5f}+ . @) lbgleq dfcf]jfbLsf 7fp“df hxf“ klg k'Ug ;S5f}+ .Ú cd]l/sfsf] lgb{]zg klg oxL lyof] . @) lbgkl5 cyjf tLg dlxgfsf] ;+s6sfnkl5 ltgL ;a}n] s] b]v]eGbf d+un;]g b]v], csf{] tLg dlxgfkl5 ufd b]v] / b]Vb} uP . To;kl5 ;Dk"0f{ lgoGq0f ug{] lhDdf cd]l/sfnfO{ lbOof] . To;} eP/ xfdLn] Pp6f dfGotfsf ;fy zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf eg]/ kl/eflift ul/of] . clxn] xfdL ljZj;fd|FHojfb;“u n8\g kl//x]sf] 5 / cln ufx|f] ePsf] xf] .

of] s'/f /fd|f];“u a'‰g h?/L 5 . k'ln;nfO{ Ps–b'O{ 7fp“df lht]kl5 h;/L lht]sf] lhTo} ePsf] lyof] . t/ clxn] To;/L g} lhTg cln ufx|f] ePsf] kSs} 5 . o;sf/0f ufx|f] ePsf] 5 ls oxf“ k"/} ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfb cfPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ lrg{] eg]sf] ljZjqmflGt xf/fxf/Ldf cufl8 a9\g] xf] eGg] a'lemof] eg] xfdLdf gof“ hf]z cfpg]jfnf 5 . gof“ pT;fx cfpg]jfnf 5 . o;nfO{ kN6fOlbPkl5 ;fd|fHojfb l;l4G5 . To;kl5 ef/tLo qmflGt csf{] tLj|tfdf hfg]jfnf 5 . ef/tLo qmflGt pef/df hfg] lalQs} ljZjdf nl8/fv]sf b]zx¿ a+unfb]z, >Ln+sf, 6sL{, lkmlnlkG;, k]?, sf]nlDaofnufotsf b]zx¿df klg qmflGtsf] pef/ p7\5 . O/fs, ckmuflg:tfg -ckmuflg:tfgdf t dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ klg 5_ nufot hxf“ d'l:nd cltjfbLx¿n] ;fd|fHojfbk|ltsf] hgtfsf] 3[0ff / cfqmf]zsf] g]t[Tj u/]sf] h:tf] b]lvP klg To;n] rLhnfO{ sxL+ nfg]jfnf 5}g . Tof] 7fp“ xfd|f] ljrf/n], xfd|f] ju{n] lng]jfnf 5 . Tof] lng]lalQs} ;fd|FHojfb vQd x'g]jfnf 5 . of] xfd|f] p2]Zo xf] . tkfO{+ o'jf sd/]8x¿n] otfkl§af6 x]g{]lalQs} xfd|f] hf]z / pT;fx !)cf}+ u'0ff a9\g]jfnf 5 . km]l/ ;xL s'/f klg oxL xf] . ljZjOltxf; o;/L g} cfPsf] 5 . k]l/; sDo'g, cS6f]a/ ;dfhjfbL qmflGt, lrlgof“ qmflGt cflb ;a} o;/L g} cl3 a9]sf x'g\ . !@ hgf lrlgof“ dfG5]x¿n] !(@! df sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ u7g u/]/ ltg} dfG5]x¿n] o'4 cufl8 lnP/ uP / klg hgu0ftGq x'g ;Sbf]/x]5 . km]l/ ePsf] u0ftGq klg Ps}rf]6L uNof{du'n{'d 9Ng klg ;Sbf]/x]5 . xfdL oL b'a} kl/36gfx¿ b]Vg] dfG5] eof}+ . xfd|f] k':tf eg]sf] Tof] klg b]v]sf] / of] klg b]v]sf] k':tf eof] . ca oL b'a} 36gfaf6 lzIff lnP/ xfdL cufl8 hfg ;S5f}+ .

clxn] xfdLnfO{ ;]gfsf Aof/]sx¿ Ps–Ps xfGgsf lglDt Ps–b'O{j6f ;fgf k|fljlws sf/0fn] dfq /f]s]sf] 5 . xfdLn] oxL k|fljlws sf/0f, s]xL cfl6{n/L xltof/sf] xn ug{]lalQs} ;]gf oxf“af6 k"/} n3fl/g]jfnf 5 . of] s'/f] xfdLn] :ki6;“u b]v]sf 5f}+ . xfdLnfO{ ;dy{g ug{] bdsf] tfbft b'lgof“df w]/} a9\g]jfnf 5 . oxL rLh a'em]sf x'gfn] pgLx¿ klg qmflGtlj?4 / k|ltqmflGt alnof] agfpg] u/L cfPsf 5g\ . Tof] hft k|ltqmflGtnfO{ alnof] agfpg] hft k¥of] . d}n] o;f] eGb} ubf{ b':dgnfO{ x]Kg vf]h]sf] eg] k6Ss} xf]Og . p;n] xfdLnfO{ /fd|f];“u Iflt klg k'¥ofPsf] 5 . h:tf]– /fhwfgL x]/f}+ . /fhwfgLn] xfdLnfO{ lglZrt ¿kdf x}/fg kf/]sf] 5 / Toxf“ lgtfGt gof“ /0fgLltsf] ljsf; gug{] xf] eg] ufx|f] kg{ ;S5 eGg]df xfdL k'lu;s]sf 5f}+ . To;af/] xfdf] 5nkmn rln/x]sf] 5 . pgLx¿ k"/} s]lGb|t eP/ xfd|f xf]gxf/ sd/]8x¿nfO{ l;Wofp“b}5g\ . sfo{gLlts b[li6n] b':dgnfO{ sd ug{] s'/f klg xf]Og . d'VotM b[li6sf]0f xf] . hf] d}n] sd/]8x¿nfO{ cufl8 g} /fv], of]k|ltsf] ljZjf; tkfO{+–xfd|f] 6'6\of], Toxf“;Dd p7]/ x]g{ ;s]gf}+ eg] x'g]jfnf 5}g . qmflGt dfG5]af6 x'g] s'/f eof] . dgf]lj1fg eg]sf] 6fpsf] lj1fg -x]8f]nf]hL_ sf] s'/f xf] . of] 6fpsf] jf lbdfudf s]–s] / s:tf]–s:tf] s'/f cfp“5 To;}cg';f/ dfG5] aG5 . lxhf] lgs} axfb'/–axfb'/ b]lvg]x¿ lgs} r'/Lkm'/L ug{]x¿ cfh cfTd;dk{0f ug{ lsg uP eGbf 6fpsf] km':Sof] pgLx¿sf] . ju{, qmflGt / kf6L{k|lt ljZjf; ePg eg] htftt} c“Wof/f] b]Vg yfN5 dfG5]n] . Totf klg c“Wof/f], otf klg c“Wof/f] b]v]kl5 t k|lt/f]wsf lglDt xfDkmfNg] s'/f klg ePg . Toxf“leq Pp6f k|Hjng 5 . olt–olt sf/0fn] xfdL Pp6f ju{sf] / Oltxf;sf] k|ltlglwTj ul//fv]sf 5f}+ eGg] eof] eg] km]l/ Tof] dfG5]n] c¿ xhf/f}+nfO{ k|Hjlnt u5{ . nfvf}+nfO{ k|Hjlnt u5{ / rLh cufl8 a9\5 . rLh clxn] o;/L g} cufl8 al9/fv]sf] 5 . tkfO{+ xfd|f] 8\o'6L g]kfnL qmflGtnfO{ ;kmn kfg{] / ljZjqmflGtnfO{ ;]jf ug{];Dd cfOk'u]sf] 5 . xfd|f] k|Tofqmd0f klg o;};“u ;DalGwt 5 .

7f]; ¿kdf cfp“bf sd/]8x¿nfO{ yfxf 5, ;fd|FHojfbL / lj:tf/jfbLn] of] lgisif{ lgsfn] ls g]kfndf ca lj:tf/} x:tIf]k ug{'k5{ . ptf kml;/fv]sf] a]nf cd]l/sfn] oxf“ cfP/ k|ToIf ultljlw ug{ ;fWo gx'g] eof] . km]l/ cd]l/sf oxf“ cfPsf] ef/tnfO{ Tolt dg kb{}g . …of] a]sf/ d]/f] cf“ugdf cfP/ -cd]l/sf_ gflr/fv]sf] 5Ú eGg] ef/tsf] lrQ b'vfO lyof] . To;} eP/ cd]l/sfn] ef/tnfO{ lhDdf lbof] . To;kl5 g]kfnnfO{ ef/tn] ;}lgs ;xof]u ug{ yfNof] . zfxL ;]gf / ;z:q k|x/LnfO{ tflnd lbgsf nflu x}b/fjfbdf 7"nf] s]Gb| vf]lnPsf] 5 . @) xhf/ OG;f; / tLg–rf/j6f x]lnsf]K6/, hf] sf/lun o'4df k|of]u ePsf] lyof], g]kfnnfO{ lbO;Sof] . ;Ldf aGb ug{] 9+un] P;=P;=aL= eGg] annfO{ p;n] k"/} kl/rfng u¥of] . o;sf] s]Gb|Lo p2]Zo kf6L{ g]t[Tj ;a}nfO{ sAhf ug{] agfof] . l;4fGtdf w]/} s'/f eGg ;lsPnf t/ jf:tljs hLjgdf hfg] xf] eg], qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ng To;df klg @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf qmflGtsf/L g]t[Tjsf] cefj eof] eg] qmflGtn] wSsf vfg] u/]s} b]lvof] . ef/tsf] gS;njfbL cfGbf]ngnfO{ x]¥of] eg] rf¿kl5 s] eof] < xfdLn] b]v]sf 5f}+– a+unfb]zsf] x]¥of] eg] l;/h l;Ubf/sf] sAhf / xTofkl5 s] eof] < xfdLn] b]v]sf 5f}+– k]?df uf]~hfnf]sf] lu/ºtf/Lkl5 s] eof] < lkmlnlkG;df l;;gsf] lu/ºtf/Lkl5 s] eof] < 6sL{df sfofkSsfosf] lu/ºtf/Lkl5 s] eof] < of] ;a} /fd|f];“u b]v]sf 5f}+ . of] s'/f xfdLn] dfq b]v]sf 5f}+ eGg] xf]Og ls p;n] -b':dg_ n] klg /fd|f];“u b]v]sf] 5 . xfdLn] x]¥of}+, lbNnL x]¥of}+, l;lnu'8L x]¥of}+, k6gf x]¥of}+ pgLx¿n] vf]Hg] rLh eg]sf] g]t[TjnfO{ sAhf ug{] g} xf] . oxL /0fgLltcg';f/ Wj:t kfg{]lt/ pgLx¿ uPsf] b]lvG5 .

bf];|f] stfkl§ uof] eg] kf6L{leq cGt/Wj+; s;/L kfg{] < of]aLrdf xfdLn] hgtfnfO{ hftLo–If]qLo df]rf{df ;+ul7t u¥of}+ . xfd|f] kf6L{sf] cln a9L hf]8 dw]znfO{ s;/L p7fpg] eGg]df uof] . oxL /0fgLlts dxŒjsf ;fy /fli6«o e]nfsf] cfof]hgf ul/of] / ;a} xfdL g]t[Tjsf ;fyLx¿ Toxf“ uof}+ . Toxf“ xfdLn] a9LeGbf a9L dw]zsf] dxŒjnfO{ a'emfpg], Ps ¿ktfdf n}hfg] / dw]zdf ljb|f]xsf] ;[li6 ug{'k5{ eGg]df hf]8 lbof}+ . To;kl5 dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf] kIfdf /fd|f] pef/ cfpg yfNof] . hgsk'/df 6fpsf] ug]/} &% xhf/sf] h'n'; klg lgsflnof] . of] s'/fnfO{ ef/t–cd]l/sfn] gx]g{] eGg] s'/} ePg . To;kl5 pgLx¿n] o;nfO{ s'g} klg d"Nodf 7Ls kfg{'k5{ eGg]lt/ nfu] . o;qmddf pgLx¿n] d'VotM tLgj6f tl/sf ckgfPsf] b]lvG5 . klxnf], To:tf ;fDk|bflos vfnsf tŒjx¿nfO{ cln a9L k|rf/df Nofpg] . bf];|f], xfdLleqsf sdhf]/ vfnsf dfG5]x¿nfO{ k};fn] vl/b u/]/ jf lu/ºtf/kl5 cfTd;dk{0f u/fP/ cflb–OToflb 9+uaf6 vtd ug{] / t];|f] qmflGtsf/L g]t[TjnfO{ sAhf ug{] . oL tLgj6f /0fgLlt p;n] Ps};fy cufl8 a9fof] . Toqf] ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb k"/} nfu]kl5 Psb'O{hgf u2f/ klg lg:sg] s'/f] s'g} gof“ gx'g] /x]5 . kf6L{df ljjfb / 5nkmn g} gePsf] ljifonfO{ p;n] cgfjZos ljjfbdf nlulbof] . g]kfnsf] dw]z w]/} sf/0fn] /0fgLlts dxŒjsf] 5 . cfly{s sf/0fn], ;fdflhs sf/0fn], ;f+:s[lts sf/0fn] / ;fdl/s sf/0fn] x/b[li6n] of] dxŒjk"0f{ 5 . To;sf/0f kf6L{n] dw]znfO{ ;aeGbf a9L dxŒj lb+b} cfof] / dw]z p7\b} klg cfof] . t/ kf6L{df slxNo} klg s'g} ;fyLn] klg 5nkmndf gNofPsf] ljifo ef/tn] dw]zdf p7fPsf] xf] eGg] ;To ;a} sd/]8x¿n] uDeL/tfk"j{s a'‰bf x'G5 . yf?jfg / dw]z cnu–cnu xf]Og, Pp6} x'g'k5{ eGg] hf] ljjfb l;h{gf eof], kf6L{ s]Gb|df slxNo} gcfPsf] 5nkmnnfO{ tn n}hfg], dfG5]nfO{ e|ldt kfg{] sf]l;; /fhgLlts ¿kdf ul/of] . oxf“ xfdL ;ts{ x'g ;s]gf}+ eg] xfdL sf]xL klg qmflGtsf/L x'g ;Sb}gf}+ . Tof] Pp6f if8\oGq lyof] . ljifo kf6L{df cfP/ kf6L{n] gdfg]sf] eP cyjf kf6L{n] dfg]g eg]/ ax; ug{] Pp6f ;Gbe{ x'g ;SYof] t/ kf6L{df slxNo} cfp“b} gcfPsf] ljifonfO{ hah{:t tn ljjfb ul/G5 lsg < Pp6f if8\oGq . csf{] tyfslyt JolQmTj eGg]x¿nfO{ p;n] 7\ofSs} vl/b ul/lbof] . kf6Lsf g]t[Tj sxf“–sxf“ a:5g\ eg]/ tYof+s ;+sng ug{;d]t To:tf vl/b ul/Psf JolQmx¿ ;kmn eP .

t];|f] p;n] s] u¥of] eg] xfd|f] g]t[Tj hxf“–hxf“ kQf nfU5, Toxf“–Toxf“af6 sAhf ub{} hfg] / cfGbf]ngnfO{ w/fzfoL kfg{] . yf?jfg / k"jL{ t/fO{ Pp6} x'g'k5{ eGg] p;sf] /0fgLlt 5 . clGtddf p;sf] /0fgLlt k"/} t/fO{ ef/tsf] agfpg'k5{ eGg] g} xf] . xfd|f eg]sf s]xL ;fyLx¿ lj:tf/jfbL if8\oGqnfO{ ga'emLsg au] . Tof] ax; t klxnf kf6L{df x'g'k¥of] . kf6L{df gof“ ax;x¿ v'nf 5g\ . hlta]nfb]lv xfdLn] hftLo–If]qLo df]rf{ agfpg], If]qLo–hftLo :jfoQ ;/sf/x¿ agfpg] lg0f{o u¥of}+ . g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df xfd|f] kf6L{ dfq klxnf] kf6L{ xf], klxnf] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ xf], h;n] To;/L hftLo–If]qLo :jfoQtfsf] clwsf/ lbg] dfq xf]Og, ;f] cg';f/sf] ;+/rgf g} agfPsf] 5 . oxL kf6L{sf lj?4 To;/L nfUg' if8\oGq xf]Og < Tolta]nf of] p7fpg] ax; lyof] < k6Ss} lyPg . of] t Psbd lgof]lht lyof] . dft[sf ofbj …/Úsf] k|ltlglw xf] eGg] rrf{ ;d]t rnfP . dft[sf kf6L{ut ¿kdf t x'“b} x'g'x'G5, JolQmut ¿kn] klg aRr}b]lv d]/f] sfvdf x's{]sf] s]6f]h:tf] xf] . pxf“nfO{ ;}4flGts / /fhgLlts ¿kdf a'‰g] / ga'‰g]eGbf klg x]8Sjf6/k|lt olt ljZj:t dfG5] xf] ls …b'lgof“df h]–h] xf];\ t/ x]8Sjf6/eGbf aflx/ d 5}gÚ eGg] dfG5] xf] . $!–$$ ;fn;Dd d]/f] sfo{If]q dw]zdf lyof] . d l;/fxf–wg'iffdf g} ;aeGbf a9L cfpg]–hfg] uy{]+ . Tolta]nf g]t[Tjsf] ¿kdf d}n] df:6/;fxa /fdj[If ofbjnfO{ dfGy]+ eg] sfo{stf{sf] ¿kdf dft[sfnfO{ . zxLb /fdj[If ofbj g]t[Tjsf] u'0f ePsf], w]/} dflyNnf] :t/sf] uDeL/ / nf]slk|o g]tf x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“sf] zxfbt eO;s]kl5 :jtM dft[sf g]t[Tjdf cfpg] s'/f eof] . x]8Sjf6/eGbf otfptf n6/k6/ hflGbg eGg] vfnsf dfG5] dft[sf pxf“sf] ;d]t lbdfu vfg ;Sbf/x]5g\ dfG5]x¿n] .

To;sf/0f tkfO{+–xfdL ;a} cf–cfºgf] v'§fdf pleg' k5{ . csf{sf] v'§fdf pleP/ sf]xL af“Rg]jfnf 5}gf}+ . …xfd|f] g]t[Tj 5 Sof/], g]t[Tj ePkl5 ;a rLh 7Ls x'G5Ú dfq eGg yflnof] eg] rLh lau|g]jfnf 5 . cfkm}n] ljrf/nfO{ a'‰g], cfkm}n] /fhgLltnfO{ a'‰g] / cfºgf] v'§fdf 6]Sg] ul/Pg / csf{sf] v'§f vf]Hg yflnof] eg] xfdL 7Ls x'g ;Sb}gf}+ . csf{n] cfP/ !) j6f s'/f nufOlbPkl5 t s] xf]–s] xf] eGg] / 6fpsf] l/ªufpg] s'/f eOxfNof] .

7"nf–7"nf lstfa n]Vg] dfG5]x¿ / w]/} lstfa k9\g] sxlnPsf dfG5]x¿nfO{ tkfO{+x¿ lrg'x'G5, d}n] Tof] gfd lng Tolt h?/L b]v]sf] 5}g, tL cj;/jfbL km6fxx¿n] cg]s sf]0faf6 ts{ xflnlbP . ljleGg tL/af6 3'dfp“b} …of] kxfl8of a'l4 xf] Psflt/ yf? eGg] csf{]lt/ dw]z eGg]Ú eGb} xfd|f ;fyLx¿sf] lbdfu e'6\g] sfd Psflt/ ePsf] 5 eg] csf{]lt/ ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb o;/L cfof] ls …tkfO{+–xfdL t efO efO xf]Ú eGb} dw]z k:of] / km'6fpg vf]Hof] . tkfO{+–xfdL oxf“ kxfl8of dfq} t 5}gf}+ . kxfl8ofleq klg afx'g, If]qL, du/, u'?ª, /fO{, lnDa" ;a} 5f}+ lg . km'6fpg t oxf“leq klg ;lsG5 lg . afx'g Psflt/ / If]qL csf{]lt/ agfOlbP eof] . du/ Psflt/ / /fO{ csf{]lt/ agfOlbP klg eof] . t/ of] dfS;{jfb xf]Og . of] ljifosf] ulx/fOnfO{ tkfO{+–xfdLn] csf{sf] a'l4n] xf]Og ls cfºg} a'l4n], cfºg} r]tgfn] / cfºg} ljZn]if0fn] o;/L if8\oGq x'g ;Sg] /x]5 eGg] 9+uaf6 a'lemPg eg] xfdLn] klg /fhLgfdf lbg'kg{] l:ylt cfp“5 .

o;/L ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] if8\oGq lgof]lht 9+un] cl3 a9\b} uof] . clxn] y'k}| 7fp“af6 l/kf]6{ cfO/fv]sf] 5 . p;n] dw]zdf s/f]8f}+ nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ljBfnodf nufgL u/]/ x'G5 ls kf6L{df nufgL u/]/ x'G5 ls, JolQmdf nufgL u/]/ x'G5 ls ;L=cfO=8L= agfpgsf nflu t nufgL sltslt u/]sf] 5 . oL ;a u/]/ dw]znfO{ s;/L cnUofpg] eGg] if8\oGq rnfO/fv]sf] 5 p;n] . oxL if8\oGqleqsf 36gfqmd x'g\ lbNnL, l;lnu'8L / k6gfsf 36gfx¿ . ;'/]z cfn] kqmfp ubf{ lglZrt x]8Sjf6/ klg ToxL+ 5 eg]/ ul/Psf] lyof] . Toxf“ x]8Sjf6/nfO{ nlIft ul/Psf] lyof] eGg] s'/f k'li6 g} x'G5 lsgls pgLx¿n] klg :jLsf/]sf lyP ls Tof]rflx+ s]Gb|Lo of]hgfd} ul/Psf] cfqmd0f lyof] . cGolt/sf cfqmd0fx¿rflx+ ljljw sf/0fn] xf] eGg] 5 . d]/f] hf]8 sxf“ xf] eGbf ef/tn] xfd|flj?4 7"nf–7"nf if8\oGq agfp“b} / a9fp“b} nUof] . xfdLnfO{ w/fzfoL agfpgsf lglDt o;f] ub{}5 p;n] . k6gf;Dd cfp“bf t 7"nf] ;+Vofdf xfd|f ;fyLx¿ nluxfNof] . xfdL klg sltlbgsf] d]xdfgh:tf] eOof], sf]–sf], sxf“–sxf“sf] w/fkdf kl/g] xf] h:tf] klg eof] .

l:ylt o:tf] eO;s]kl5 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s xfd|f nflu 7"nf] ldzg eof] . a}7s g]kfnL hgo'4 cufl8 hfG5 ls wSsf vfG5 eGg] ;Gbe{;“u hf]l8g k'Uof] . wSsf vfg] vt/f klg /x\of] . g]t[Tjsf] ax'dt ;+Vof;lxt x]8Sjf6/ klg sAhfdf k¥of] eg] t Psbd cK7\of/f]df kg{]jfnf lyof] . l;l4xfN5 eGg] t xf]Og, oqf] nfvf}+ qmflGtsf/L hgtf / xhf/f}+ sfo{stf{ 5g\, cufl8 hfg t hfG5, t/ w]/} cK7\of/f] u/L cl3 hfG5 eGg] nfUg] . ;xhtfk"j{s cl3 hfg ;Sb}g eGg] nfu]/ d}n] ;L=;L=sf] a}7s ;kmn kfg{], To;n] gLlt of]hgf kfl/t ug{] / ;Dk"0f{ b]zel/ ;Dk|]if0f ug{ ;lsG5 ls ;lsb}g eGg] ldzg eof] . a}7s a:g hf“b} ubf{ sf]–sf] l;l4g] xf] eGg]h:tf] l:yltdf ldzg elgof] . klxnf] ldzg ;L=;L=sf] a}7s ;kmn eO;s]kl5, klxnf] ldzgdf xfdL ;kmn eof}+ . Toxf“ Psdtn] /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf] of]hgf kfl/t eof] . Toxf“ Psdtn] ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf lj?4 tof/L u/]/ / a9fP/ nfg'k5{ eGg] s'/f kfl/t eof] . Toxf“ Psdtn] g} rLhx¿ u8a8 eO/fv]sf 5g\, To;sf/0f kf6L{nfO{ z'4Ls/0f u/]/ n}hfg'k5{ eGg] s'/f kfl/t eof] . ;fd|fHojfbL–lj:tf/jfbL / oxf“sf ;fdGtjfbLx¿sf] of]hgf ;L=;L=sf] a}7s x'g} glbg], g]t[Tjdfly cfqmd0f ub{} n}hfg], sdhf]/ agfp“b} l;Wofpg] eGg] lyof] . t/ pgLx¿ c;kmn eP / xfdL ;kmn x'“b} klxnf] ldzg k"/f u¥of}+ .

cd]l/sfsf] ef/tdfly cf/f]k s] lyof] eg] …dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj ef/tdf a:5g\, t}+n] 7Ls lsg ul/g;\, 7Ls kfg{ lsg ;Sb}g;\ <Ú dfwj g]kfn;“u xfdLn] nvgpdf jftf{ u/]kl5 To;sf] lgs} 7"nf] xNnf x'g'df klg ToxL sf/0f lyof] / cd]l/sfn] ef/tdfly v'a} bafj xfn]sf] b]lvGYof] . Psflt/ o:tf] lyof] eg] csf{]lt/ ef/tn] dw]znfO{ km'6fpg vf]Hb} lyof] / 5 klg . k"/} kf6L{nfO{ km'6fpg / g]t[TjnfO{ sAhf ug{ vf]lh/fv]sf] lyof] / cem} 5 . ef/t klg v'+vf/ 9+un] cfof] / p;n] dw]zdf p7\g yfn]sf] nx/, dw]zdf k:g yfn]sf] dfcf]jfbL /fhgLltnfO{ l;Wofpg c¿ !) u'0ff zlQm, ;|f]t / ;fwg a9fPsf] s'/f ;To xf] .

sd/]8x¿ † xfd|f] bf];|f] ldzg lyof] ;L=;L=sf] a}7ssf lg0f{ox¿ tn;Dd ;Dk|]if0f ug{] . t/, ;L=;L=sf] a}7s l;l4P/ xfd|f] jQmJo aflx/ hf“bf ghf“b} pgLx¿n] s]–s] lgisif{ eof] eg]/ ;d]t yfxf kfOxfn] . tn k|lzIf0f x'g'eGbf cufl8 g} xfd|f] kl/kq, xfd|f] jQmJo / xfd|f] k|ltj]bg pgLx¿sf] xftdf k6gfaf6 -ºofS; ug{ ;fyLx¿ hf“bf ;fyL;lxt k¥of]_ kl/xfNof] . pgLx¿n] xfd|f @ hgf xf]gxf/ sd/]8x¿ ljzfn / s'df/nfO{ k"j{df sAhfkl5 xTof u/] . ;DejtM ;L=;L=leq ePsf 5nkmn / lg0f{ox¿ pxf“x¿sf] 8fo/Laf6 klg k¥of] / pgLx¿n] rfn kfP . o;sf] nuQ} pxf“ sd/]8 -dx/flt/ b]vfp“b}_ dnfO{ k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿ / zfxL ;]gfx¿n] o;f]–o;f] eG5g\ eg]/ l/kf]6{ ;'gfpg' eof], pgLx¿n] k"/} yfxf eP . ;L=;L= a;]/ Psdt -Pstfa4_ af6 w]/} dfly p7\b} lg0f{ox¿ cfO;s]kl5 pgLx¿sf] /0fgLlt o;nfO{ tof/L ug{ glbg] eGg] aGof] . xfd|f] ;L=;L= al;;s]kl5 tof/Lsf] k|lzIf0fcGtu{t j}rfl/s–/fhgLlts k|lzIf0f / kmf}hL k|lzIf0f #–$ dlxgf;Dd rN5 . of] s'/f] pgLx¿n] klg /fd|f];“u a'em]sf 5g\, To;}n] tof/L ug{} glbg] eGg]lt/ pgLx¿ nfu] . tkfO{+x¿n] x]g{'eof] eg] k"j{sf] d]rL–sf]zLdf ad aiff{P . ;fyLx¿ ;b{}, sfo{qmd ub{} cl3 a9\g' eof] . klZrd sdf08sf] e]/L–s0ff{nLdf k|lzIf0f rln/x]sf] a]nf @ lbg;Dd ad aiff{P . /f]Nkfsf] h]njfªdf k|lzIf0f eO/x“bf ToxL+ xfg] . b]z}el/ e]nf–k|lzIf0f x'g glbg], tof/L ug{ kfPgg\ / tn;Dd efj ;Dk|]if0f ePg eg] sfof{Gjog ;kmn x'“b}g eGg] pgLx¿sf] ljZn]if0f lyof] . t/ km]l/ klg b]z}el/ 7"nf–7"nf e]nf–k|lzIf0f eP, /fd|f];“u efj ;Dk|]if0f eof] / bf];|f] ldzg klg k"/f ul/of] .

sd/]8x¿ † xfd|f] t];|f] ldzg sfof{Gjog lyof] . kmf}hL sfjf{xLsf lx;fan] /fhdfu{ jl/kl/ ljs]lGb|t cfqmd0f u5{g\ eGg] s'/f klg b':dgn] yfxf kfof] . of]hgf h:tfsf] t:t} / of]hgfsf] dd{;d]t p;n] yfxf kfof] . oBlk s'g ljGb'df slxn] cfqmd0f u5{g\ eGg] s'/f] t s;/L yfxf kfpg] / < xfdL of]hgfdf 7"nf] ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg] l:yltdf klg lyPgf}+ . 7"nf] ;+zf]wg ubf{ km]l/ e|d / b'ljwf k}bf x'G5 . xfdL cufl8 a9\of}+ . pgLx¿n] xfd|f] t];|f] ldzg c;kmn kfg{] eg]/ 7"nf] zlQm, /fd|f–/fd|f xltof/;lxt Pn6{ l:yltdf /fv]sf x'g\ cfkm"nfO{ . /]~h/;d]t ptf/] 7fp“–7fp“df . klZrd kf08f}gdf t xfd|f] n8fO{+ ltgLx¿sf] /]~h/;“u k/]sf] xf] . o;/L xfd|f] klxnf] of]hgfsf] klxnf] r/0f c;kmn kfg{] u/L zfxL ;]gfsf] /0fgLlt aGof] t/ d+l;/ ! ut]af6 ;'? eP/ clxn];Dd rln/x]5 . o;df pm g/fd|f];“u w/fzfoL eof] / p;sf] t];|f] /0fgLlt klg k"/} c;kmn eof] . Pskl5 csf{] xfd|f] of]hgf p;n] yfxf kfP/ klg xfdLn] p;nfO{ c;kmn agfO/fv]sf 5f}+ . p;n] yfxf kfO/fv]sf] 5, xfdLn] eL8Gt ul//fv]sf 5f}+ / ljhoL alg/x]sf 5f}+ . o;sf] prfOnfO{ tkfO{+–xfdLn] /fd|f];“u a'‰g h?/L 5 .

/fhgLlts ¿kn] p;n] jftf{sf] xltof/ k|of]u ub{} jftf{df af]nfof] . …jftf{sf] nflu xb bhf{sf] nrstfÚ eGg] p;sf] slyt /0fgLltnfO{ xfd|f] ^ a'“b] k|Zgn] s8f k|lt/f]w ul/lbof] . To;kl5 k'; dlxgfel/ ;dofjlw eGof] . ;do;Ldf tf]s]/ wDsL lbg] eg]/ xfdLn] 7f]Sof}+ . To;kl5 p;n] cfºg} zlQmnfO{ klg PsLs[t ug{ ;s]g . pm 7"nf] ;+s6df 5 eGg] s'/f k|:6 5 . xfdLn] ljleGg ;"qaf6 a'lem/x]sf 5f}+, r'gfj x'g] s'/f cd]l/sf, ef/t, o'/f]k, 1fg]Gb|, z]/axfb'/ clg Pdfn]nufot b'lgof“sf] sf]xL klg dfG5]nfO{ g]kfndf r'gfj x'G5 eGg] kTof/ 5}g . /fhgLlts lx;fan] PSNofpg] / l;Wofpg] sf]l;; lyof] . Tof] klg l;l4of] . ca clxn] xfd|f] kf6L{leq …cGtlj{/f]w 5Ú eGb} v]Ng vf]Hb}5g\ . …logLx¿sf] dflyNnf] eg]s}df 5, n8fO{+ / v'a ToxL+af6 kfOg] eof]Ú eGb} a;]sf 5g\ . cl:tsf] lbzflgb{]zgdf t …Pp6f kIf cNkdtdf 5, pm jftf{df cfpg] nfOgjfnf xf], To;sf] g]t[Tj afa'/fdn] u/]sf] 5 . t/ csf{] kIf ax'dtdf 5, pm jftf{df gcfpg] kIfdf 5 / To;sf] g]t[Tj k|r08n] u/]sf] 5Ú eGb} dgf]ut ljZn]if0fdf /dfPsf] b]lvof] . z]/axfb'/n] t klxNo} …logLx¿ cfGtl/s åGådf 5g\, To;}n] jftf{df gcfPsfÚ elg;Sof] . df]xl;gn] cGtjf{tf{df, …jftf{df hfg] / ghfg] aLrdf emu8f k/]sf]n] logLx¿ l;l4G5g\Ú eGb} lyof] . h;/L lsnf] z]/f 6'df lul/hfn] hfkfg uP/ 6L=eL=df cGtjf{tf{ lb+b} logLx¿ l5§} km'6\b} 5g\ To;kl5 logLx¿ l;l4G5g\ eg]sf lyP . t/ casf] xfd|f] cfGbf]ngdf d l;l4P klg pxf“ -afa'/fdnfO{ b]vfp“b}_ l;l4P klg of] cfGbf]ng l;l4g]jfnf 5}g . t/ pgLx¿n] oxL unt rLh ;f]r]sf 5g\ . ca pgLx¿sf] cfzf k"/} lg/fzfdf ablng]jfnf 5 / xfdL ljhoL aGb} hfg]5f}+ .

b':dgx¿sf] kmf}hL lx;fan] klg 5f“6 b]lvPsf] 5}g . xfd|f] kmf}hsf] x}/fgL s] ePsf] 5 eg] glhs} uP/ s'b{} a;]sf] a:o} 5 t/ pm cfp“b} cfp“b}g . ?v n8fp“bf klg cfp“b}g . x]6f}8f glhs} !* j6f uf8L hnfp“bf klg cfp“b}g . @) lbg eO;Sof] ¿v n8fP/ a;]sf], g ;]gf cfp“5, g k'ln; cfp“5 . jf:tljs l:ylt t o:t} g 5 . xfd|f] 7fp“df p;sf] s]xL klg kxnsbdL 5}g . kf08f}gdf p;sf] Pp6f sDkgL Wj:t eof] . !) lbgkl5 sf7df8f}+sf kqsf/ nu]/ b]vfp“b} …xfdLn] lhTof}+Ú eGg k/]sf] 5 p;nfO{ . s}nfnLsf] 36gf hf] eof], Toxf“ Pp6f u2f/n] nu]/ d]zdf v6]sf lgz:q dfG5]x¿nfO{ b]vfOlbof] / !%–!* hgfsf] Iflt t eof] t/ jf:tljs xfd|f] ;]gf;“usf] eL8Gtdf pgLx¿sf] @# hgf dfl/P, ;fyLx¿n] y'k|} xltof/ sAhf ug{'ePsf] 5 . t/ …7"nf] lhltof], @)) d/]Ú eGb} gf¨f] k|rf/df pm uPsf] 5 . of] p;sf] k/fho xf] . sxL+ st} s]xL gkfPkl5 …kf6L{leq cGtlj{/f]w 5 /]Ú eGb} o;}af6 lng] / lhTg] eGg]df nfu]sf 5g\ . ltgLx¿ clna9L cfzf u5{g\ . t/ ltgsf] ;kgf k"/f x'g lbOg] 5}g .

tkfO++{x¿n] lxhf] /fVg'eof], tkfO{+x¿n] @–# tl/sfn] /fVg'eof] eGg] nfU5 . tkfO{+x¿ ljBfyL{ ;fy;fy} o'jf klg ePsf] x'gfn] cln a9L /fVgsf lglDt n]lggn] eg]h:t} eujfgn] klg 5"6 lbG5g\ eGg] 5 . pxf“n] Pp6f k|;+udf o'jfx¿n] a9L af]Ng] s'/fnfO{ a'‰g ;lsG5, t/ of] a"9f] eP/ klg s] ePsf] xf] eg]/ sl:;g' ePsf] 5 . cfkm"nfO{ nfu]sf s'/fx¿ /fVg'eof], To;nfO{ cGoyf lng] s'/f] t ePg g} . tkfO{+x¿n] cj;/jfb cfp“5 eg] To;nfO{ 7f]Sg'k5{, Wj:t} kfg{'k5{ eGg] l:kl/6df /fVg'eof] . 7Ls xf], cj;/jfb cfpg]lalQs} 7f]Sg} k5{ . ;+zf]wgjfb cfPkl5 7f]Sg} k5{ eGg] ljifo l;4fGttM 7Ls s'/f] xf] . tkfO{+x¿n] …x]8Sjf6/ 8/fpg' kb{}g, x]8Sjf6/ 8/fp“5 ls, ;Demf}tf u5{ ls < x]8Sjf6/ 8/fpg' kb{}g, xfdL 5f}+Ú eGg] h:tf] efjdf eGg' eof] . …;Demf}tf gxf];\ x}, st} km]l/ ;Demf}tf x'G5 / lju|G5 lsÚ eGg]h:tf] u/]/ klg s'/f /fVg' eof] . Pr=So"= klg dfG5] xf] . pm klg Ps b'O{df ljefhg x'G5 . To;}n] 8/fpg klg ;S5 . To;n] ;Demf}tf ug{ klg ;S5 . ljutdf ;Demf}tf ub{} cfPsf] eGg] klg x'g;S5 . ljutdf Pr=So"=n] ;Demf}tf ub{} cfP/ kf6L{ lalu|Psf] eGg] klg x'g;S5 . of] klg Pp6f ts{ x'g ;Sg] eof] . h]xf];\ uDeL/ lrGtfsf ;fy sd/]8x¿n] …kf6L{n] otfotf ug{ kfp“b}g, otfptf eof] eg] 5f]l8GgÚ eGg'eof], Tof] 7Ls 5 . 5f]8\g' x'“b}g . tkfO{+x¿df of] hf]z eOlbPg eg], kf6L{ lau|g klg ;S5 . o'jf lk+9Ln] Tof] ult kqmg ;s]g eg] kf6L{ lau|g klg ;S5 . t/ ult;“u;“u} km]l/ jf:tljstf s] xf] eGg] s'/f tYo–ts{x¿ / ljrf/–ljZn]if0flt/ klg TolQs} Wofg lbg'k5{ . ca clnslt jf:tljstflt/ hfcf}+ .

lglZrt ¿kdf xfdLleqsf s]xL rLhx¿, hf] clxn] ahf/df cfPsf 5g\, kqklqsfdf h;/L cfO/fv]sf 5g\, Tof] uDeL/ l:ylt g} xf] . To;n] xfdL ;a}nfO{ lrlGtt t'Nofp“5 . kf6L{leq ljrf/ cfpg'k5{ . ljrf/sf] ;+3if{n] kmfOb} x'G5, 3f6f x'“b}g . t/ Tof] ljrf/sf] ;+3if{, :j:y ePg, ldqtfk"0f{ ePg cyjf aflx/af6 hfg yfNof] eg] Tof] 3fts x'g;S5 . of] l:ylt clxn] b]vfkg{ vf]lh/fv]sf] 5 . kqklqsfdf h;/L rLhx¿ ljleGg vfnaf6 cfO/x]sf 5g\, h:tf] …d clwgfosjfbL g} xf], h+unsf] /fhf xf] / /fh} aGg vf]h]sf] 5Ú eGg] 9+usf] k|j[lQdf, …d cfwf/ If]qdf a;]/ b}n]vsf] 36gf 36fPsf], hgtfnfO{ d/fpg] klg d}Ú eGg] 9+un] klg cfPsf] 5 . sltkon] …euf}8f / cfTd;dk{0fjfbL hltsf] g]tf afa'/fdÚ eg]/ klg n]v]sf 5g\ . sltko s'/f kf6L{ s]Gb|sf c;fWo} uf]Ko, c;fWo} ;+j]bgzLn s'/fx¿, hf] g]t[Tjsf] dflyNnf] txnfO{ dfq} hfgsf/L 5, klg aflx/ cfO/fv]sf 5g\ . sltko ljifox¿ t g]t[Tjsf] txaf6 eGg} g;lsg] / sNkgf klg ug{ g;lsg] u/L aflx/ cfO/x]sf 5g\ . To;sf/0f of] l:ylt lglZrt ¿kdf uDeL/ nfu]sf] 5 . of] stfaf6 uPsf] 5, s;/L uPsf] 5 eGg] s'/f xfd|f] cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] 5 . /, l5§} kQf nfUg]jfnf klg 5 . tkfO{+x¿nfO{ eGg] klxnf] s'/f] oxL xf] . rLhx¿ o;/L hfg'n] kSs} klg k|ltlqmofjfbnfO{ d2t k'¥ofpg] x'G5, ;fd|fHojfbnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] x'G5 cyf{t\ qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ 3f6f k'¥ofpg] x'G5 . of] stfaf6 x'“b}5 eGg] ;Gbe{df kf6L{ ulx/f] cg';Gwfgs} qmddf 5 . To;sf] k|ltj]bg cfPkl5 sl:;P/ hfg] s'/f x'G5 .

lglZrt ¿kdf xfdLleq s]xL cGtlj{/f]w k}bf ePsf 5g\ . of] klg oyfy{ xf] . t/ s]–s] df 5 eg]/ d}n] clxn] g} eGg plrt 7flGbg / tkfO{+x¿n] klg eg\ eGg' plrt x'“b}g . lsgls, Pp6f dfGotf xfdL ;a}n] kfngf ug{'k5{ . xfdL 5nkmndf 5f}+ . xfd|f] 5nkmn d'v} gx]g{] vfnsf] klg 5}g . ;xh vfnaf6 5nkmn rln/x]sf] 5 . ax; xfdLn] ul//x]sf 5f}+ . 5nkmnd} cK7\of/f] eO;s]sf] h:tf] d'v ptf kmsf{pg], l/;fpg], cg'xf/} b]Vg gkfP x'GYof] eGg]vfnsf] l:ylt xfd|f] xf]Og . s] xf] t eGg] ljifodf ax;–5nkmn rNb}5 . ca csf{] lrlGtt ePsf] ljifo, tn ljifox¿ n}hf“bf Pp6f ljlw;+ut 9+uaf6 n}hfg] eGbf klg cf–cfºgf] 9+un] nluPsf] 5 ls eGg] b]lvb} 5 . kqklqsf, ;8s Pp6f kIf eof] csf{] kIf xfdLn] lg0f{o slt u/]sf xf}+ / slt;Dd n}hfbf 7Ls x'G5 eGg] s'/f t x]8Sjf6/nfO{ yfxf x'g] eof] . t/ ;aeGbf a]7Ls aflx/ rLh uOlbPkl5 eof] . o;f] x'“bf lgoGq0feGbf aflx/ kg{] vt/f eof] . klqsfdf hfg' xfd|f] lgoGq0feGbf aflx/ hfg] 8/ k}bf x'g] l:ylt klg xf] . ljlwnfO{ klg xfdLn] s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ug{'k5{ eGg]lt/ xfdL nflu/x]sf 5f}+ . d'VotM ljrf/} xf] . t/ km]l/ klg ljlw cfºgf] 7fp“df dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f xf] . To;sf/0f ljlwnfO{ /fd|f];“u nfu" ug{]lt/ klg xfdL ;f]lr/x]sf 5f}+ . hxf“;Dd ;Demf}tf / g;Demf}tfsf] s'/f xf], of] ljifodf 5nkmn x'g'k5{ . n]lggn] …;Demf}tf / ;Demf}tfx¿Ú eGg] zLif{ssf] n]vdf sltko ;Demf}tf hfoh x'G5g\, …sltko ;Demf}tfx¿ gfhfoh x'G5g\ . hfoh ;Demf}tf Tof] xf] hf] kf6L{, qmflGt / cfGbf]ngsf] lxtdf vf; ;dodf ul/G5 . sltko ;Demf}tfx¿ kf6L{, qmflGt / cfGbf]ngsf] clxtdf eP eg] tL Psbd u2f/Lk"0f{ ;Demf}tfx¿ aGg k'U5g\Ú eGg'ePsf] 5 . hLjgdf ;Demf}tf t eO/xG5g\ . t/ ljrf/ / /fhgLltdf ;Demf}tf ul/Psf] 5}g eg] ;+u7gsf] If]qdf ul/Psf] cln–cln ;Demf}tf qmflGtsf] lxt;“u uf“;]/ x]bf{ Tolt a]7Ls x'“b}g . Tof] 7Ls ;Demf}tf xf] eGg] cfp“5 . xfdL !$–!% jif{;Dd ;Demf}t}–;Demf}tf u/]/ cfPsf lyof}+ t < xf]Og . xfdL s] eG5f}+ eGbf ;+3if{}–;+3if{ u/]/ cfPsf lyof}+ . lsgeg] kf6L{df Pstf / ;+3if{ t eO/xG5 . kf6L{ eg]sf] Psdgf eGg] x'“b}g . kf6L{leq ljleGg ljrf/ x'G5g\, ljleGg ax; x'G5g\, 5nkmn x'G5g\ . To;sf/0f xfdLn] Pstf, ;+3if{ / ¿kfGt/0f eGg] u/]sf 5f}+ . xfdLdWo] sf]xLdf ¿kfGt/0fsf] k|lqmof /f]lsof] eg] cyjf clxn];Dd Pstf–;+3if{–¿kfGt/0f x'“b} cfPsf] lyof] / cl3 a9\of] t/ ca ¿kfGt/0f d]/f] /f]lsof] jf pxf“sf] /f]lsof] cyjf c¿ s;}sf] /f]lsof] eg] ca Toxf“ n8fO{+ k5{ . Toxf“ sf]xL s;}sf] JolQmut s'/f x'Gg . ca Toxf“ k|j[lQ n8\5g\ . ca xfdL k|Tofqmd0fdf cfOk'u]sf 5f}+ . cfGbf]ng hAa/ 7fp“df cfOk'u]sf] 5 . of] hAa/ cfGbf]ngn] k}bf ug{] ljrf/x¿, k|j[lQx¿ / To;sf k|ltljDax¿ ;aeGbf a9L s]Gb|df ;+s]lGb|t x'G5g\ . s]Gb|sf] klg dflyNnf] g]t[Tjdf x'G5 . s;}sf] OR5fcg';f/ Toxf“ k|efj kfg{] eGg] x'“b}g . xfdL nl8/fv]sf x'G5f}+ . xfdLn] s'g k|j[lQsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf 5f}+ eGg] s'/f k|d'v xf] . olb 7\ofSs} ldn]g eg] xfdLn] ;Demf}tf ug{ vf]h]/ klg ;Sb}gf}+ . of] t cfGbf]ng xf] . xhf/f}+sf] /ut au]sf] 5 . ToxL /utsf] hudf 6]s]/ oxf“;Dd cfOk'u]sf] 5 . xfdL ;a} Psvfnsf] k|ltlglw kfqsf] ¿kdf Oltxf;sf] s73/fdf klg v8f 5f}+ . To;sf/0f To:tf] gldNg] eof] eg] Toxf“ km]l/ ;Demf}tfsf] 7fp“ vf]Hg] xf] eg] cfGbf]ng wj:t x'G5 eGg] r]tgf kf6L{df gx'g] eGg] x'g} ;Sb}g . xfdLn] ;dfhdf ePsf ljleGg k|j[lQx¿sf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf x'G5f}+ . ljleGg k|j[lQsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{} cfPsf] a]nf ;Demf}tfsf] 7fp“ l;l4of] eg]sf] ljrf/wf/fdf g} km/s k¥of], b[li6sf]0fdf g} cGt/ k¥of] / xfd|f] x]/fOd} km/s k¥of] eGg] g} xf] Tof] a]nf Toxf“ Pstf x'g} ;Sb}g . Toxf“ km"6 x'g] l:ylt k}bf eOxfN5 . o;f] eof] eGg'sf] cy{ clxn] g} clGtd eof] / clGtd s'/f eof] eGg] xf]Og . h:tf] dfcf] dxfg\ dfG5] x'g'x'GYof] . j}1flgs x'g'x'GYof] . t/ lsg !)–!) k6s kf6L{df eLif0f n8fO rNof] < rfª Sjf] yfcf]n] lsg kf6L{ km'6fP/ lx8\g] l:ylt aGof] < k]ª t] x'O;“u Toqf] eLif0f ;+3if{ lsg k¥of] < lnp zfcf] rL;“u lsg n8fO{+ k¥of] < p;n] t dfcf]nfO{ lsg dfg{ vf]Hof] < oL ;a} n8\b} kf6L{sf] dflyNnf] g]t[Tjdf k'u]sf lyP . lng Kofcf] gn8]sf] dfG5] xf] / < ;]gfsf] sdf08/ xf] . o'4df w]/} b'Mv kfPsf] klg xf] . t/ pm Toxf“ k'Ubf p;nfO{ /fi6«klt geO{ ePg . /fi6«klt eP 7Ls gq eg]===== eg] h:tf] eof] !(^( sf] n';fg a}7sdf . lnp zfcf] rLsf] pTkfbg zlQmsf] l;4fGt;“u k¥of] . g]t[Tj g]t[Tjdf x'G5, lsg x'G5 < j:t'ut ¿kdf ju{;+3if{sf] k|ltljDag Toxf“ kg{] u5{ . b[li6sf]0fdf g} km/s k/]kl5 6fpsf] kmf]/] klg g]tfx¿ ldNb}gg\ . g]tf dfq gldn]sf] x'“b}g, tkfO{+–xfdL klg gldn]sf] x'G5 . Toxf“ g]tfsf] JolQmut eGg] x'“b}g . Toxf“ b[li6sf]0fsf] s'/f x'G5, Toxf“ k|j[lQsf] s'/f x'G5 .

of] ;dodf lrGtf nfU5, kL/ nfU5, a8f] b'Mv eof], kL8f eof] eGg]lt/af6 ;f]Rg] < cflv/df s] ;xL xf] / s] unt xf] eGg] g xf] < oqf] ;+3if{ 5 . oqf] o'4 5 . oqf] xhf/f}+sf] Hofg uPsf] 5 . oxLcg';f/ kf6L{nfO{ s;/L /fd|f] agfpg] eGg] xf] . dfly t eL8Gt k5{ . Tof] dfly dfq k/]sf] xf]Og, tn;Dd k/]sf] xf] . ;a}lt/ k/]sf] eL8Gt dfly JoQm x'g] dfq xf] . To;sf/0fnfO{ rLhnfO{ o;/L a'‰g' k5{ . qm'K;sfofsf] ;+:d/0fdf n]lggaf/] elgPsf] 5 ls– ha kf6L{leq j}rfl/s ax; x'gyfNof], aNn n]lggsf] km"lt{ !) u'0ff a9\Yof] . aNn ;xL s]
xf] < unt s] xf] < ;a}sf] ljrf/ cfpg] eof] eGg] x'GYof] . ;a}sf] lbdfu klg dfly p7\g] eof] . cem b'Zdg;“u n8\g] ljifodf Pstf x'g] eof] eg] h:tf] n]lggdf b]lvGYof] /] . kf6L{leq j}rfl/s ;+3if{ jf ljjfb eof] eg] s}of}+ dfG5]x¿, g]tfx¿ a]sf/ emu8f u5{g\, s] tfnsf g]tf /x]5g\, vtd eP eGb} 6fpsf] ;dft]/ ?g yfN5g\ . xfd|f] ;dfh t emg\ lxGb" wd{n] ubf{ s;}n] s'g} Pp6f 9'+uf] /flvlbof] eg] To;}nfO{ k'Hg] vfnsf] ;+:sf/ k¥of] . 9'+uf k'Hg], lzj k'Hg] cyjf jL/x¿nfO{ k'Hg] vfnsf] ePsf]n] jL/x¿n] u5{g\ eg]sf] t jL/x¿sf] s] tfn of] eGb} nlqg] l:ylt b]lvG5 . t/ dfS;{jfbn] o;f] eGb}g . !–@ hgf jL/sf] s'/f] xf]Og, jL/ eg]sf t hgtf g} x'g\ . jL/tf eg]sf] l;+u} ;dfhaf6 k}bf x'g] s'/f xf] . s'/f t xf] t/, xfdLnfO{ To:tf] nfUb}g . Pshgf ;fyLn] s] eGg'eof] eg], a]sf/df lsg cflQg' k¥of] < ;xL s] xf], unt s] xf] eGg] xf] < ;xLsf] kIfdf nfUg] / untsf lj?4 n8\g] xf] . of] t ;Lw} 5 lg . l;4fGtdf t xf] . afh] d/] . Psk6s dg{} kYof{], *) eGbf a9L eP/ d/] . afh] dbf{ af ¿g'eof] . xfdLnfO{ a"9f d/] s]xL dtna ePg . clxn] 7"nf] ePkl5 yfxf kfOof] xfd|f af klg d5{g\ . lglZrt 5 hGd]kl5 dl/G5 t/ dbf{ lsg ?g' < dg{] s'/f] lglZrt ePkl5 t g/f]P klg x'g] t/ d/]s} lbgdf rflx+ ?g dg nfUg] . To;sf/0f kf6L{df cGt/;+3if{ x'G5, emu8f x'G5 eGg] t a'em]sf] t/ dfgjLo :jefjn] ubf{ kL8f x'“bf]/x]5 . l;4fGth:tf] gx'g] /x]5 Jojxf/ . Pp6f wd{n] -lzzf]_ n] NofPsf] 5 lg d/]sf] lbgdf a]:sg xf“:g] . aNn o;n] d'lQm kfof], emGem6af6 kf/ kfof], of]h:t} x'g kfP eg]/ afhfufhf, gfr–ufg ug{] /] Tof] lbgdf . Tof] klg x'G5 x'g t, s;/L ;f]Rg] stf lx8\g] eGg] xf] . t/ xfdL To:tf] x'g t ePg . xfdL sDo'lg:6 ePsf] x'gfn] ;a} rLhnfO{ j}1flgs b[li6sf]0fn] x]g{'k¥of] .

xfdL sDo'lg:6 qmflGtsf/L, ;+3if{sf] bz{g dfGg]jfnf, ;+3if{ g} hLjg xf] eGg]jfnf, ;+3if{df ljsf; x'G5 eGg]jfnf k¥of}+ . ;+3if{ 5 eg]kl5 xfdL v'zL x'g'k5{ . s]–s]df k/]sf] xf], Tof] a'‰g ;Sg'k5{ . ;xL s] xf] / unt s] xf] eGb} 5'6\ofpg] / untnfO{ g]:tgfd'b ul/lbg' k¥of] / ;xLnfO{ cem dfly p7fpg] u/L nfUg' k¥of] . ;fy}, cfkm" klg /dfOnf] dfGb} p7\g' k¥of] . xfdL dfcf]jfbLnfO{ t sd;] sd /dfOnf] nfUg' k¥of] . gq eg] xfdL l;l4g] s'/f x'G5 . jf:tjdf ljrf/sf] ;+3if{ g/dfOnf] s'/} xf]Og . Tof] 6fpsf] kmf]8] klg cfp“5 . Tof] 6«f6:sL b'O{lha|] km6fxf eGb} km]l/ To;}nfO{ NofP/ /Iff dGqL agfpg'kg{] lsg < …o;df a8f kL8f x'G5Ú eGg yflnof] eg] xfdL uOof] . of] kL8f nfUg], lrGtf nfUg], gf}gf8L uNg], /fOkmn af]s]sf] /fOkmn} v'l:sg] x'g yfNof] eg] t rLh k"/} lau|G5 . x'g t gof“–gof“ 5“bf cln–cln o:tf] x'G5 . t/ tkfO{+x¿nfO{ of] ;Gbe{df gof“ eGg] 7flGbg . oqf] o'4sf] g]t[Tj ug{] ;fyLx¿nfO{ gof“ eGg kfO“b}g, t/ xfdLrflx+ To:tf lyof}+ .

xfdL ev{/} s]6fx¿ x'“bfv]/L dfcf], rfcf] / r't]x dxfg\ x'g\ eGg] lyof] . Pd=jL=g]kfnsf dfcf] x'g\, dxfg\ 5g\ eg]/ xfdLnfO{ l;sfOGYof] . rfcf] eg]sf] lgd{n nfdf x'g\, pgL s'6gLlts g]tf x'g\, r't]x eg]sf] xfd|f] cfhfb, l;Gw'nLdf zxLb x'g'eof] lg Clif b]jsf]6f xf] pxf“ x'g'x'G5 eGg] ul/GYof] . xfdLnfO{ klg s] nfUg] eg] xf] t lg xfd|f g]tfx¿ dxfg} 5g\ . g]kfnd} dfcf] hlGdP5g\, rfcf] hlGdP5g\ / r't]x klg hlGdP5g\, To;}n] ca qmflGt x'g] eof] . xfdLn] bf}8g] / n8\g] u/] k'U5 eGg] nfUYof] . t/ )#* ;fnsf] cof]Wof Kn]gddf uPsf] t dfcf] / rfcf] t s]–sf] x'Gy] . t“–t“ / d–d eGb} lk6flk6 kf] ug{ yfn] . xfd|f] o'jf ;'ne lbdfudf olt gdHhf eof] . Pd=jL=n] elGbxfn]– of] dfG5]n] t )@* ;fnb]lv ;L=cfO{=8L= ub{} cfPsf] 5 . dfcf]n] rfcf]nfO{ To;f] elGbPkl5 xfd|f] xfnt v/fa eOxfNof] . vQd /x]5g\ dfcf] / rfcf] eGg] h:tf] k¥of] . $) ;fndf d klxnf] rf]6L s]Gb|Lo ;ldltdf k'u]+, hfg] lalQs} dfcf];“u kl/xfNof] . d]/} dfcf];“u k/]kl5 t vQd eOxfNof] lg eGg] klg nfUg] . ca k/]/ 7Ls eof] ls a]7Ls eof] eGbf 7Ls eof] . kl5 t ToxL dfcf]nfO{ sfjf{xL ug{]df uOof] . nf}hf dfcf]nfO{ sfjf{xL † To;n] xfdLnfO{ kmfOb} u¥of] . To;kl5 aNn a'‰g yflnof] . rLh t cs{} kf] /x]5 . s] x'GYof] nf6f] tfnn] a'em]/ gx'“bf] /x]5 . cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf a'‰b} uOof] / l;Sb} klg uOof] . To;kl5 klxnfsf km"6 t uHofªdHofª km"6 eof] eGg] nfUg yfNof] . km"6 t ljrf/df x'g'kg{], nfOgdf kg{'kg{] . nfOg s'g ;xL / s'g untdf kg{' kg{] . JolQm–JolQm emu8f eP/ km"6 eof] . nfdf / Pd=jL= km'6\bf klg 7Ls ePg, Pd=jL=x¿ km'6\bf klg 7Ls ePg eGg] nfUof] / km]l/ Pstf k|lqmofdf nfluof] . dfxf]n klg To:t} aGof] . dfS;{jfb cln a9L a'lemof] . åGåjfb eg]sf] t o:tf] rLh kf] /x]5 eg]/ cln a9L a'‰g yflnof] . xfdL t a8f] ;f]emf] tfnn] cfPsf /x]5f}+ eGg] eO;s]kl5 Pstf s]Gb| agfOof] . cln a'em]kl5 !! j6f dxfdGqL h'6fOof] clg !! j6f dxfdGqL;“u n8\g yflnof] . !! j6f dxfdGqL h'6fPkl5 sfd ultnf] t s] x'GYof] / t/ !! j6f dxfdGqLsf] emu8fn] xfdLnfO{ dfcf]jfbLdf k'¥ofof] .

lxhf] rf}ddf lyof}+ xfdL . To;nfO{ Wj:t kfl/of] . Wj:t kfg{' 7Ls ls a]7Ls eGbf Wj:t kfg{' 7Ls . To;kl5 dzfn aGof] . dzfnnfO{ klg Wj:t kfl/of] . Wj:t kfg{' 7Ls ls a]7Ls eGbf t Oltxf;n] ;flat u¥of] 7Ls . To;kl5 Pstf s]Gb| agfOof] To;kl5 Pstf s]Gb|nfO{ Wj:t kfl/of] . Wj:t kfg{' 7Ls ls a]7Ls eGbf 7Ls . To;kl5 dfcf]jfbL agfOof] . ca dfcf]jfbL klg hgo'4 ;'? ug{] a]nfsf] dfcf]jfbL x}g . To;nfO{ klg Wj:t kfb{} lbglbg} gof“ dfcf]jfbL agfp“b} cfPsf 5f}+ . x/]s a}7sh:t} t];|f] / rf}yf] lj:tfl/t a}7sdf Pp6f dfcf]jfbL lyof] . bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngdf csf{] dfcf]jfbL eof] . oxf“ cem} csf{] dfcf]jfbL aGg] k|lqmof 5 . ca csf{] 7"nf] dfcf]jfbL x'G5 . of] ax;n] xfdL 7"nf] dfcf]jfbL aGg} k5{ / kSsf 5 ls 7"nf] dfcf]jfbL eP/ cfp“5f}+ . vQd x'G5 eGg] xf]Og . vQd x'“b}g . oxL s'/f] l;sfp“5 åGåfTds ef}ltsjfbn] . o;/L a'lemof] eg] kL/ dfGg'kg{], 8/ ug{'kg{] x'Gg . Tof] a]nf )#* ;fndf -cof]Wofdf kf6L{ km'6\bf ;a} /f]Psf] xf] . d emg\ l56f] ?g] dfG5] k/]+ . sfOnf af -b]j]Gb|nfn >]i7_ /f]Psf lyP . g]tfx¿ a]:sg emu8f u/]sf 5g\ . ;a} /f]Pkl5 cfkm" klg ?g] s'/f eOxfNof] . clxn] ;Dembf lsg /f]OP5 h:tf] nfU5 . a]sf/ k|foM ;a} km6fxx¿ /x]5g\ . xfd|f] a'emfO ljsf; x'“b} hfg] qmddf l5kl5k]af6 ulx/fOlt/ uof] . lj1fgnfO{ ;dfTg] Pp6f k|j[lQ aGof] . lj1fgnfO{ gkqmg] c¿ k|j[lQ eP . gkqmg]x¿ ktg x'“b} uP . kqmg]x¿ ljsf; x'“b} cfP . ljifo t Psbd ;kmf / ;xL 5 . g]t[Tjsf] s'/f x'“bf clxn] xfd|f] 5nkmn cem dfly p7\g'k5{ eGg]df ;f]lr/x]sf 5f}+ . ljrf/nfO{ dfly p7fpg'k5{ . g]t[TjnfO{ dfly p7fpg' k5{ . rLhx¿nfO{ ¿kfGt/0f ug{'k5{ . tkfO{+x¿n] k|ltj]bg x]g{'eof] xf]nf ;fob ;a} ;fyLx¿ kf6L{sf] klg dxŒjk"0f{ lhDd]jf/Ldf x'g'x'G5 .

xfdL ef/tdf a:bf w]/} rLh lalu|of] . klxnf xfdL oxf“ a:bf kf6L{ g]t[Tj arfpg] ;d:of . hDdf @ j6f /fOkmn 5g\ . tL /fOkmnn] g]t[Tj arfpg] ls b'ZdgnfO{ xfGg hfg] . @–$ j6f k]:tf]n 5g\, ToxL klg lau|G5g\, eTsG5g\ . b'Zdg htftt}, ToxL ufp“df klg 5, oxL ufp“df klg 5 . o;n] w]/} ;fyLx¿sf] lbdfu vfg] l:ylt aGof] . oxL l:yltdf xfdL g]t[Tjsf] Pp6f k+lQm aflx/ a;f}+ g t cln ;lhnf] x'G5 elgof] . a:bfa:b} xfdL lau|g yflnof] . jf:tjdf ef/tsf] %–^ jif{sf] a;fOn] lau|g yfn]sf] g]tfx¿ klg xf] . To;sf/0f tkfO{+x¿n] k|ltj]bg x]g{'eof] xf]nf, Toxf“ 7"nf] ¿kfGt/0f