Report from CPI (ML) PW

Towards a Base Area in Dandakarnaya  

      It is the development of the three magic weapons alone that will facilitate the area-wise seizure of political power in a backward country like India. In Dk all have been growing over the last few years with sizable recruitment into the regular guerrilla formations and the people’s militia. The Koraput Armoury raid, adjacent to the neighbouring AOB {Andhra-Orissa Border) Region, the continuous attacks on the newly introduced CRPF forces into DK, specifically during the two elections, and the consolidation of organizational and developmental work in the region — have all resulted in advance towards the building of the Base Area in the region. 

The Koraput Armoury Raid

      On the night of Feb.6th 2004 at 8 pm 180 guerrillas of the PGA took over the town of Koraput in Orissa. On that Friday night they systematically occupied all the vital points in the city to seize the Armoury of the police HQ. They planned to neutralise all the armed forces present in the city and in the vicinity of the city. For this they struck on the District Superintendent’s office, two police stations (rural and urban), district Jail, Treasury office and their main target i.e. police HQ and its Armoury. To keep engaged other forces, which were camping near the city such as 3rd battalion of the Orissa Special Armed Police (OSAP), the Indian Reserve Battalion (IRB), including CRPF contingents in housed OSAP and IRB head quarters, they had planned a mock attack on the 3rd BN, HQ of the OSAP and engaged the forces in a gun battle to stop their advancement to help the forces of the district HQ. Apart from this, they laid powerful land mines at various points to stop new deployment, which could cordon off the combatants of the PGA of the PW party. According to media reports, to avoid such a trap or encounter with extra new forces, the PGA took all the precautions. Apart from this they seized all the main roads, which lead to Koraput town.

        Without any significant resistance one after another target surrendered to the Naxalites. A Jawan guarding the district armoury, N.Nayak, was shot dead first to seize the Armoury. Another assault batch, which attacked the jail premises, faced some mild resistance, in which the Jail Superintendent and a few constables were injured and 20 rifles captured by the Naxalites from the Jail police. The Jawans in the two police stations surrendered and handed over their weapons. And at the SP office also there was no resistance, and the Naxalites did not give any scope for the demoralised forces to regroup. Not only this, the news items that appeared so far in the media have written in black and white that all the higher officialdom of the administration so panicked by the stunning attack, that they went underground till the fresh battalions of CRPF arrived and positioned themselves in the city. Every corrupt official waited with bated breath, apprehending that Naxals might target him or her. Actually Naxals targeted particularly the HQ Armoury. When they attacked the SBI’s ATM counter and the district treasury, they did not touch the lockers, but picked the weapons in the persons of the guards on duty. This shows the commitment of the guerrillas to stick to the task. According to government reports, weapons, ammunition, grenades valued at Rs. 50 crore were seized by the Naxalites of the People’s War. Among them there were 530 weapons of different types (mostly .303s and some other heavier weapons), along with more than 30,000 rounds of ammunition, a number of Mortar shells and Grenades.  To carry all this huge quantity of arms and ammunition to the jungles the PGA guerrillas picked some vehicles of the govt’s health department and others.

       To avoid any interception by the police, a meticulous plan was chalked out for their retreat according to news items that appeared in the local media. On their retreat the daredevil guerrillas attacked 3 police stations at Laxmipur, Narayanpatna and Kakiriguma and a Dy. Superintendent of Police’s office at Laxmipur. In order to pre-empt retaliation from these police stations, separate assault batches were deployed and they took control immediately after the temporary seizure of Koraput. A CRPF van that tried to approach was ambushed and six jawans killed.

       Throughout the entire 2 hour period of the take-over of the town centre the guerrillas broadcast to the people the purpose of the raid and the aims of the Party and called on them not to be afraid as no one would be hurt, except for the police who sought to resist.

     The Times of India reported that this was the biggest raid on an armoury since the 1930 Chittagong Armoury raid by the Surya Sen group of revolutionaries. Given the magnitude of the event the issue was consciously downplayed by the media as the establishment was panic-stricken that this could result in demoralization of the police/para-military forces and a great boost to the moral of revolutionaries throughout the country.

     This major action will no doubt act to further build the PGA to beat back the enemy forces in Dandakarnya and elsewhere.

  Growing Resistance to Para-military Forces  

        The forces of the People’s Guerrilla Army are divided into three parts – the Principal Forces, Secondary Forces and the Basic Forces (Peoples Militia). So the Army came into existence with clearly defined tasks and formulated its constitution. Then the army gave a call for a ‘Tactical Counter-Offensive Campaign’ against the enemy, first, in June’ 2001, to intensify the Peoples War in a disciplined manner under the leadership of the Party. The campaign lasted for four months. After that, in April 2002, one more campaign was launched, which lasted for four months. A third campaign was launched during the months of April to June in 2003. These campaigns against the enemy by the People’s Army, in the form of attacks, was an important change. In addition to these, on other occasions, in different divisions and on different problems, a new strategy was devised to coordinate the attacks against the enemy, by which the People’s Guerrilla Army has achieved important successes. During the last four years dozens of policemen were killed by the Red soldiers, and many more were injured. While annihilating enemy forces the Red Soldiers have seized a lot of arms and ammunitions from the possession of the enemy to equip its forces with sophisticated arms. The attack of Sept.’ 2003 on Geedam Police Station in South Bastar was one such attack. The above mentioned major attack in Koraput was another. Even the DK Guerrillas had played an important role in this latter attack. We can see an important change in the people’s war after the formation of the PGA.

        During these four years important changes can be seen in the methods of repression by the enemy. Chhattisgarh has been separated from Madhya Pradesh. Now there are 16 districts in Chattisgarh. The police is worried that in more than half of these districts the Revolutionary Movement is getting strengthened. The Joint Operational Command (JOC) comprising of nine states is also focusing on DK to smash the growing people’s movement and people’s war there.

      After 9/11 imperialism, particularly US imperialism, is depicting terrorism as a main danger in the world and, in the name of terrorism is carrying out a vicious campaign against the struggling masses. Imposing a ban on several Progressive and Revolutionary organizations to root them out, it is implementing the strategy of Low Intensity Conflict (LIC). In pursuance of this, the attacks have intensified. During 1999-2004 the deployment of police forces has increased manifold in DK, providing them specialized training, they have been deployed in the battle field. Central and state police forces are playing havoc in the whole of DK — atrocities, fake encounters, arrests, torture etc. launched by these forces have increased even in this region. During the recently held elections to the Chhattisgarh state assembly and the 14th Parliamentary elections, police repression crossed all limits of cruelty.

        The growing resistance was particularly marked by the continuous counter-attacks on the paramilitary forces during the election campaign, by both the regular forces as also the militia. In this military resistance during just the Assembly elections (reports of the Lok Sabha elections have not yet come in) the PGA killed one CRPF Jawan in South Bastar, in West Bastar 6 Jawans were killed in an ambush, and in North Bastar 3 police. In all one AK-47 rifle, 5 SLR, one wireless set and some ammunition were seized. Media reports say that the number of attacks during the Lok Sabha elections were even higher.

  Mass Boycott of the Elections

     In the wake of the assembly elections held in November 2003 in Chhattisgarh, all the three districts – South Bastar, Bastar and North Bastar, police forces were deployed in thousands. In the forests of Dandakarnya surveillance was carried out with the help of a dozens of Indian Air force’s helicopters, well equipped with all facilities including Automatic Rifles and Night Vision equipment etc. Coordinating with ground forces, these helicopters had created a war like atmosphere. By end November 2003, 137 companies of para-military forces had been deployed in these few districts and 35 IAF helicopters were utilized to conduct the government’s “free and fair” elections. In end November, para-military forces brutally killed three peasants, in Koelibeda (North Bastar) and Devri (Gondia), while they were busy in harvesting the crop. In fact in India “elections” is synonymous with state terror in all places where people reject the existing system.

      In fact a full nine months before the elections, in March 2003, three battalions of the CRPF were sent to the area. The then Congress government began a big campaign of repression. Besides picking up hundreds for questioning, arresting many in false cases they also resorted to firings in villages to create an atmosphere of terror. Women were molested and in areas where clashes with the PGA occurred the repression went beyond limits. For example, in North Bastar Division, where a clash occurred, they immediately killed two innocent peasants working in the nearby fields, calling it an encounter. In the Bairamgard region of West Bastar, where a clash occurred with the militia, they resorted to wild firing in which a woman was injured. So, well before the elections hundreds of women and men were arrested. Not only were the villagers to face the terror of the CRPF forces, but also teachers, traders, health workers, employees and even some local police faced their terror. For the nine months there was continued terror where people were stopped from moving around, going to the weekly bazaar, and even visiting relatives in other villages.

     Inspite all these forces the government forces and the political parties could not do their campaign except in the big villages along the roadside. The police spread rumors that if people did not cast their vote they will be bombed from the air, that naxalites are preventing development works, that they are violent and are terrorists. Vajpayee too said the same thing when he came on his election campaign to Jagdalpur. Money flowed like water during their campaign, and inspite of police presence the campaigners did not dare to enter any of the naxalite effected areas like Mard, Kishtaram, Barsagudda, Usoor, National Park, Konta, Mirtur, Ganglur, etc. etc. On the other hand the PW formed campaign teams and widely campaigned for boycott with speeches, posters, handbills and song and dance programmes.

      In Mard division 10 such teams were formed with hundred people. In North Bastar Division it was held in three phases. Here 25 campaign teams comprising 300 people from the KAMS (women’s organisation) and the DAKMS (peasant organisation) were formed. This included a team of ten children of the children’s organisation. In the West Bastar Division the campaign went on for three months in which 16,000 people participated involving all the mass organisations. In South Bastar Division 63 DAKMS teams and 23 KAMS teams were formed to campaign and at the village level 15 CMS (cultural organisation) teams, comprising 150 people were formed. The campaign spread to 366 villages in this division.

     Even with such large enemy forces deployed here, and whatever atrocities they did, even then voting did not happen according to their wishes. The police forces increased the percentage of voting by pressing the buttons of Electronic Voting Machines in flying helicopters. But the people got better experience of the war. Varieties of police and para military forces they saw in front of their eyes, which they had never seen before. They also saw the cruelty of the Punjab Commandos. They saw that even the Mortar shells, hand grenades, flair and helicopters of the police forces could not boost up the morale of the rulers. Definitely, the people’s war in Dandakarnya created havoc in the hearts of the enemy. But during these four years, the PGA had lost many of its heroic leaders and fighters, including Coms. Sukhdev, Raju, Ramdas, Bhaskar, Mahender, Swarupa etc. Taking inspiration of their supreme sacrifices, the Peoples Army has been advancing the Peoples War.

     In this boycott election campaign, in addition, hundreds of people’s militia were also mobilized. In two places they destroyed the helipads. They dug up the roads to prevent enemy movement. In just the month of December they did 50 actions to harass the enemy. Earlier, in the couple of months till December 3, the entire PGA (three forces combined) had done over130 actions on enemy forces. It became a hell for the enemy force that were brought in large numbers to conduct the Assembly elections.

As a result of the boycott campaign:

     In Mard Division of the 40 Election Centres, in 10 not a single vote was cast, in 20 centres because of police threats there was little voting, and in the main centres there was some voting. In other words, of the 300 villages in Mard, in 75 there was no voting, in 150 there was 5-10% voting and in the balance 75 villages there was some 25% voting. But, the collector of the region announced that there had been a big number of votes cast.

    In South Bastar Division there were 80 Election Centres. Except for the 45 centres that were on the main road and in the towns all other centres there was a total boycott. In 10 villages the people’s militia and mass organisation people seized the voting machines.

    In West Bastar Division there are 95 Election Centres. Of these in 30 there was a full boycott, in 40 centres there was negligible voting and in 25 Centres where the police were in force the voting was about 25%. In 13 Election Centres the people (together with the militia) seized the voting machines. In Bijapur election centre alone 35 voting macgines were confiscated.

       In North Bastar Division of the 250 villages, in 136 villages the people fully boycotted the elections. 

     Even as the people had not got over the terror of the assembly elections, the declaration of the 14th Parliamentary elections struck them once again. This time Gadchiroli district also came under the cover of police surveillance due to the ‘democratic’ election. Police bandobast for the parliamentary election was even more than during the assembly election. The bandobast was only aimed at terrorizing the people by increasing the police forces and nothing else. Their only aim was to protect parliamentary democracy by terrorizing the voters at the point of a gun or if necessary by killing them. And exactly the same took place here also. Near Dharma Village of Bhairamgarh taluka, the CRPF jawans after raping an innocent adivasi girl, Budhri, shot her dead. An adivasi youth Chaituram of Palli village, was beaten to death. Two other women were gang raped. These peoples were declared as Naxalites. More reports are yet to come in.

    On the whole the masses in these areas rejected the existing system an lent support for the new power that is emerging in the DK.

  The “Jantana Sarkar

     In this region you will find how people are building their own government to end atrocities and exploitation which have taken place for centuries. People in Dandakaranya call the new power as the “Jantana Sarkar” in their language. That means, like every revolutionary war this revolutionary war is being fought for state power. During these four years, there have been some important changes in methodology of working of these embryonic forms of government. In the advancing revolutionary movement, with the clear vision of base areas, these units are as precious to the people as their lives. These are the roots of real democracy. And, in the process, in the whole of Dandakaranya while strengthening the people’s power, organs of the exploitative government are being smashed. To understand this, the news of the resignations of sarpanchas and other so-called peoples representatives during September’ 2003 to March’ 2004 is enough, which challenged the sham democracy and made ripples in the parliament. The government was in dilemma for six months. People had rejected them by saying, “you are not our representatives. You have been created by the government. We have no need for you people.” Unable to answer the people’s question more than 1100 Panchayat representatives tendered their resignations to the government officials. But the government didn’t accept even a single resignation. If the government had accepted these resignations, it would be the murder of their own defined democracy by their own hands. Till these resignations are not accepted, these shameless so-called representatives were not willing to leave. There was a strange situation. Finally they left their resignations before the officers and bowed their heads before the people. It was a great example of people’s victory. Though it may be a technical question whether the resignations were accepted or not, the exploitative government now has to take a decision on this. But here, in the villages, what is going on is the rule of the “Jantana Sarkar”.

     The new “Jantana Sarkar” is adjudicating justice, developing welfare measures, organizing production more fruitfully and undertaking various measures that the so-called government never did for decades. They say that the naxalites are against ‘development’, but the people of these regions for decades have seen no development only exploitation and humiliation. For the first time ever they can stand up upright with self-respect and confidence.

     Let us look at the question of the justice system. This is related to the law and order situation in villages. Generally policemen are known as security personnel.. But there is not a single instance, where they provided security to people. But in the DK in places where the Jantana Sarkar is being formed, it is providing security to the people. Due to the ongoing Revolutionary movement since the last 25 years, in many Police Stations of DK the number of reports has been cut down. Particularly in the places, where the Jantana Sarkar exists, no matter goes to the police, including murder cases, etc. When people have no faith on this exploitative security system and Judiciary, then why should they go to them? In the Golapally PS, which was opened for repression of Naxalites, no matter has been reported there since the last 20 years. In May’ 2003, the first matter was reported there, and that was related to kidnapping of police persons by the Naxalites. It indicates, on whom the people’s faith is growing. In this area, people in thousands demonstrated for the removal of these exploitative Police Stations. In fact, one day these police stations will have to be removed. 

     Also the govt. formed by the people are implementing people’s welfare measures and agricultural development with a long term view and in a systematic way. Irrigation systems have been given priority in the agriculture sector. The area is rich in water resources, but due to negligence of the present exploitative govt., crops of people fail every year. Feeling the acute need of correcting this situation, the people’s govt. is specially preparing and sending agricultural activists. Training classes are being organized to train them. The people’s govt. is striving to transform agriculture fundamentally, which has been going on in a traditional way and has remained away from any development. According priority to indigenous seeds is a part of their democratic politics. The People’s Govt. prefers to replace many types of chemical fertilizers and pesticides with compost. Since the people consume very low amounts of nutritious foods such as pulses, milk etc., the people’s govt. has decided to give first priority for agriculture of vegetables. The People’s govt. is introducing other crops also. Inspite of acute shortage of economic resources here, mainly basing on the labour power of the people and on their mutual co operation and their growing consciousness, the foundation of a new people’s economy is being built. 

     Recently there was some development in education and health works too. Not only has there been an increase in the number of people’s schools and people’s health centers but a rational and scientific syllabus has been included in the education system. The syllabus has been prepared in Gondi for kids. For teaching this syllabus children are not locked in closed rooms. Generally some international organisations allege that Naxalites and other militant organisations play with the future of children by putting guns in their hands. In contrast to this, the facts depict some different picture in this region. Teachers here are educating the children with education related to labour and liberation from exploitation of labour. Children also, if necessary, take part with their family in labour. In the remaining time they take education in the schools run by these people’s governments. 

     While the dacoit government is propagating about, “primary education in the mother tongue”, but the facts are something else. Millions of adivasi children of the country have no opportunity to get education in their mother tongue. But now in Dandakaranya, the foundation has been laid for primary education in their mother tongue — gondi. This may be treated as a major change in the development of education. 

     The Party has given a call for people’s doctors; “doctors, go to patients” and not vica-versa. People’s doctors are playing a commendable role by devoting full time among the local adivasi peoples, who are leading a most backward cultural life. It is a fact that even today superstition is widely prevalent. People are more dependent on the local ‘Vadde’ (witch-doctor). But side by side, the people’s health system is also growing. Though there are lots of problem in collecting medicines, health activists of the party by moving from village to village distribute the medicines to people so that they could be protected against the epidemic of malaria and other communicable diseases. In cases of emergency, seeing the condition of the patient, these activists are providing their services by living in their houses and serving them with full responsibility. Though these centers are yet less in number, by serving the people in real People’s health centers, they are laying the foundation of a new health system. 

     While the foundation of a new system is being laid through revolutionary reforms at the ground level, on the other hand the dacoit governments, mainly with the help of repression, are intensifying false economic reforms to smash this new system. Let us take the example of Gadchiroli only. Here the adivasi population is not more than 5-6 lakhs, yet the Govt. is showering reforms by flowing in more than Rs. 50 crores yearly. Implementation of these policies is very fast mainly in the areas of the Revolutionary Movement. With the purpose of distancing people from the Revolutionary Movement, by giving economic bribes, these reforms are being implemented. The promptness may be estimated by the fact that in the towns, where weekly haats are held, the lower level government officials are handing over cheques to peasants. By implementing numerous schemes such as – distribution of Solar Lights, Cycle, sanction of funds for Pools-Dams, giving hybrid seeds in the name of providing agricultural equipments, chemical fertilizers and pesticides which are essential for these seeds, and by providing money to a big chunk of the society they are trying to corrupt them. It is one of the important suggestions given by the NGOs to the government that Naxalism can be wiped out by speeding the developmental programmes. They think that instead of seeing the problem of Naxalism as a Law and Order Problem, the government has to understand the economic, political and social view and try to solve it.

     An important aspect of revolutionary reforms is the growing conscientisation of the people. Take the question of women and their struggle against patriarchy. Every year, especially on the occasion of March 8th women are mobilized on a large scale. On the occasion of International Women’s Day 2004 women had raised their voice against the attack of Hindutva on adivasi culture. A Women’s Week was held all over with numerous conventions. At these conventions women discussed the issues and the conclusions reached were carried to the women in the villages by those who attended. Last year in October 2003 a patriarchy abolition campaign was taken where the issue was carried to thousands of women. In a meeting organized in Ganglur 3,000 women had taken part. The main aspect of these meetings was to identify how patriarchy still manifested in the movement and how to counter it — and also how it was hampering the movement. In fact the party leadership presented its self-criticism before the KAMS (Krantikari Adivasi Mahila Sangathan) and the people, thereby sowing the seed for the new ideas and giving confidence to the women to struggle against all forms of patriarchy, no matter from whom it emanates. Women are challenging both patriarchy within the family and the patriarchal violence perpetrated by the state.

     Also the peasants are being educated to support the struggles of other sections of the people. In an unprecedented action the peasants of DK came out in support of the demands of the teachers when 28,000 of them went on strike in August 2003. Also campaigns are taken out against imperialist attacks worldwide and particularly the US aggression on Iraq. POTA too has been opposed and explained to the masses. The people’s horizons are thereby sought to be widened. Film shows, documentaries and other types of audio-visuals help this process. Participation in processions in big urban centres also facilitates the process of gaining new experiences and knowledge. 

     So, the New People’s Power in Dandakarnaya is advancing and consolidating towards the formation of a Base Areas based on the leadership of the Party, and the mobilization of the vast masses in the people’s guerrilla army and a wide united front of all oppressed sections of the population — including teachers, health workers, employees and even petty traders.