s'/fsfgL
ls;fgx?sf] d'lQm hgo'4 afx]s cGo pkfoaf6 x'g ;Sb}g
k'0o k|;fb k/fh'nL, s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf clvn g]kfn ls;fg
;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_
-clvn g]kfn
ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf tyf k"JfL{ pks]Gb|sf ;+of]hs
k'0o k|;fb k/fh'nL @)#( ;fnb]lv l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmf=_ sf
lhNnf cWoIF /xL cfpg' ePsf] xf] .
pxf“ @)%% ;fnsf] /fli6«o e]nfaf6 s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIfdf r'lgg'eof] . ut
sflt{s @^, @& ut] a;]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn] to u/]sf] ;+/rgf d'tfljs
pxf“ k"jL{ pks]Gb|sf] ;+of]hs x'g'x'G5 . xfn} hgfb]z k|ltlglwn]
pxf“;“u u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] Ps c+z oxf“ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . _
xfn k"j{df ls;fg cfGbf]ngsf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <
ljutdf
k"j{sf ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L, wg'iff, k;f{, af/f / /f}tx6 lhNnfdf ePsf ls;fg
cfGbf]ngx?df xhf/f}+ xhf/ ls;fgx?n] efu lnPsf lyP . To:t} ´fkf ljb|f]xsf]
s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] Toxf“ ;fdGt lj?4sf] cfGbf]ng dfq geP/ ;+zf]wgjfb lj?4 klg
cfGbf]ng nlIft ePsf] b]lvG5 . t/ kf6L{x?n], vf; u/]/ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?n],
tL cfGbf]ngx?nfO{ ;sf/fTds ?kdf g]t[Tj u/]/ cufl8 a9fpg'sf] abnf 3'dfp/f]
kf/fn] cfGbf]ngnfO{ t'xfpg] if8\oGq /Rg] sfd ug{ k'u] . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{df
b]lvPsf] blIf0fkGyL cj;/jfbL k|j[ltn] ubf{ ls;fgx?df knfPsf] hf];, hf“u/
cf]OnfP/ hfg nfUof] . kf6L{x?af6 k6s k6s wf]vf kfpb} cfPsf ls;fgx?n] s;}sf]
klg ljZjf; ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . pgLx?sf] lbn lbdfudf æhlt hf]uL cfP klg sfg}
lr/]sf]Æ eGg] pvfg rl/tfy{ eof] . t/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] g]t[Tjdf @)%@
;fn kmfNUf'0f !ut] g]kfndf hgo'4sf] z+v3f]if ub}{ cfd ls;fg, dlxnf, ljBfyL{,
blnt, hflt–hghflt nufot ;Dk"0f{ zf]lift kLl8t >dhLjL hgtfnfO{ /fHo ;QF
lj?4 ljb|f]x ug{ cfJxfg u/] adf]lhd ls;fgx? klg ljb|f]xdf ;fd]n x'b} hgo'4nfO{
cfly{s, gf}lts, ef}lts ?kn] ;xof]u ug{ nfu] . hgo'4sf] * jif{sf] cjlwdf
xhf/f}+ ls;fgn] d[To'j/0f ug{ k'u]sf 5g\ . xhf/f}+ c+u e+u ePsf 5g\ .
xhf/f}+ ls;fgx? /fHo ;QFsf] qm'/ kf;ljs oftgf ef]Ub} h]nsf lr;f l58L s'g{ ljj;
5g\ . ;of}+ ls;fgx?nfO{ /fHo ;Qfåf/f j]kQf kfg]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . d[To'
/ d'lQmnfO{ a'´]sf zf]lift kLl8t ls;fgx? cfºgf] ju{sf] xftdf /fHo ;QF k|fKt ug{
cxf]/fq vl6/x]sf 5g\ . slt ls;fg cfGbf]ngdf nfda4 5g\ t slt kf6L{ kª\tLdf
sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . qmflGtsf/L ls;fg cfGbf]ngsf] ljsf; ub}{ cfd ;z:q
ljb|f]xsf] tof/Lsf] nflu ls;fg ;+3sf] cx+ e"ldsf /xg] 5 / /x]sf] 5 .
k"j{df
ls;fg cfGbf]ngn] qmflGtsf/L ls;fg cfGbf]ngsf] :j?k u|x0f ub}{ hf“bf cfºg} kxndf
;fdGtsf] tyf hldGbf/sf] hUuf sAhf ub}{ cufl8 a9L /x]sf] 5 . vf; u/]/
k"jL{ t/fOsf lhNNffx?af6 ;fdGt, ;'bvf]/, hfnL km6fxfx? lj:yflkt x'b}
uO/x]sf 5g\, pgLx?sf] efubf}8 dlRrPsf] 5 .
of] cj:yfdf tkfO{x?sf] ;+u7gn] ls;fgx?sf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf
nflu ul/x]sf] kxnjf/] klg k|sfz kfg'{xf]; g <
x/]s ;d:ofsf]
uf‘7f] /fHo;QF;“u uf‘l;Psf] x'G5 . ;fdGtL clwgfosjfbL /fHo ;QFn] hgtfsf]
vf; d'lQm lbg ;Sb}g . /fHo;Qf kl/jt{g gu/L ls;fg nufot s'g} klg txsf
hgtfsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg gx'g] x'“bf cfd ls;fgx?nfO{ ;+ul7t ?kdf cfd ;z:q
ljb|f]xsf] nflu tof/L u/fpb} k|lzlIft u/L cuf8L a9fpg] k|oTg eO/x]sf] 5 .
t/fO{sf e"efux?df tkfO{x?sf] ;+u7gn] sAhf u/]sf] ;fdGt
tyf hldGbf/sf hUufx? ;dfg'kflts ljt/0fjf/] s] s:tf of]hgf agfpg' ePsf] 5 <
xfd|f] ;+3sf]
d'Vo nIf t ;fd'lxs ?kdf sAhf ug]{ / ;fd'lxs ?kd} ljt/0f ug]{ /xG5 t/ c+z c+zdf
hf“bf sAhf ePsf hldgsf] k|sf/ -/fd|f] g/fd|f]_ x]/L xfnnfO{ Ps kl/jf/ a/fa/ !)
s¶f b]lv !% s¶f;Dd ljt/0f ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 .
s:tf s:tf JolQmx?nfO hldg ljt/0f ug'{x'G5 <
hldg ljt/0fdf
klxnf] k|fyldstf hUuf gePsf e"ldlxg ls;fg, lgDg cfo ePsf lgDg ls;fg
kl/jf/, lgDg cfo ePsf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf kl/jf/, To:t} txsf zxLb kl/jf/, To:t} txsf
sfo{stf{ kl/jf/ / lgDg ls;fgx? kg]{5g\ . ;fd|fHojfbLsf] bnfn zfxL cd]l/sL
;]gfaf6 ljb|f]x u/L hgd'lQm ;]gfdf n8\g OR5f ug]{ jf :jtGq /xg rfxg] lgDg hldg
ePsf jf e"ldxLg ljb|f]xL ;]gfsf kl/jf/nfO{ klg hldg lbOg] 5 .
of] If]qdf b]vfk/]sf ls;fgsf ;d:ofx? s] s:tf 5g\ <
;du|tfdf of]
If]qdf /x]sf ls;fgx?sf ;d:ofx?df ;fdGt hldGbf/af6 pTkL8g, ;'bvf]/sf] pTKfL8g,
u'7Lsf] ;d:of, glb s6fgsf ;d:of, jg km8fgL / jg kfn]x?af6 x'g] u/]sf ;d:of,
zfxL ;]gf / k'ln; k|zf;gaf6 dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf x'g] bdg, k'/fgf] ;Qfsf]
;+/If0fdf ;]gf, k'ln; / 8f‘sfx?åf/f x'g] 8s}tLsf] ;d:of cflb pTkL8gsf ;d:of x'g
eg] /fhg}lts ?kdf ;+zf]wgjfb / ;+;bjfbsf] e|d g} /fhg}lts ;d:of /x]sf] 5 .
tL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] plrt ljsNk s] 5 t <
;d:ofsf] plrt
ljsNk kl/jt{g xf] .
s:tf] kl/jt{g eGg vf]Hg' ePsf] <
/fHo ;QFdf
kl/jt{g h;af6 /fhg}lts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs, z}lIfs kl/jt{g u/L >dhLjL hgtfnfO{
d'lQm lbnfpg ;Dej x'g] 5 .
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4df ls;fg ;xeflutfjf/] atfO lbg'xf];
g <
g]kfnsf] ;du|
kIf kf6fx?nfO{ x]bf{ oxf“sf] qmflGtsf] :j?k s[lif qmflGt xf] . s[ifL
qmflGtdf ls;fgx?sf] ;xeflutf gx'g] eGg] s'/} /xb}g . d}n] dfly g} pNn]v
ul/;s]sf] 5' hgo'4sf] * jif{sf] cjlwdf zfxbt k|fKt ug]{, c+u e+u x'g], j]kQf
kfl/g] / h]ndf ;8fOg] clwsf+z ls;fgx? g} 5g\ . hgd'lQm ;]gf tyf kf6L{
kª\tLdf klg ls;fgx?s} afx'Notf /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] hgo'4df ls;fg
;xeflutfjf/] yk atfO/xg' k5{ h:tf] nfUb}g .
k'/fgf] ;Qf lj:yflkt ePkZrft\ :yflkt gof“ hg;Qfx?n] ls;fgsf
;d:of s;/L ;dfwfg ul//x]sf 5g\, gof“ ;Qf :yfkgfkZrft\ ls;fgx?n] s] kfP <
hgo'4sf]
ljsf;;“u} ufp“ ufp“af6 k'/fgf] ;Qf lj:yflkt x“'b} hf“bf t/fO{sf e"efuaf6
;d]t k'/fgf] ;QF a8fl/g k'u]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . kxf8 b]lv t/fO{;Ddsf
e"efudf ;b/d'sfd / ;]gfsf] Jof/]s afx]s ;a} 7fpdf dfcf]jfbLsf] lgoGq0f
sfod /x]sf] 5 . tL 7fpx?df uf=h=;=, lh=h=;= x'b} :jfoQ k|b]zdf :jfoQ
hg;/sf/sf] ;d]t u7g eO;s]sf 5g\ . lxhf]sf] zflift ls;fgx? cfh zf;s ag]sf
5g\ . cfºgf lgod sfg'g agfP/ nfu" ug{ :jtGq 5g\ . ls;fgx?nfO{
;/sf/d} ;dfj]z u/fP/ pgLx?sf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] km};nf ug]{ clwsf/ lbOPsf]
5 . ls;fgx? ;Qfsf] dflns aGg] x'bf cfkm}n] clwsf/ vf]:g] kxn ul//x]sf
5g\ .
hgo'4sf] ljho;“u} ls;fgsf ;d:of ;dfwfg x'G5 eGg] cfwf/ s] 5
<
hgo'4 juL{o
n8fO{ xf] . P]n];Dd k'/fgf] ;Qfdf /x]sf %% ;fd|fHojfbsf gf]s/ bnfnfx?
-gf]s/zfxx? tyf ;fdGt hldGbf/x?_n] cfºgf] xfnL d'xfnL rnfpb} cfP . (%%
>dhLjL hgtf dfly vf; u/]/ *#% ls;fgx? dfly cGofok"0f{ o'4 yf]kl/of] . To;sf]
lj?4 hgtfn] ljb|f]xsf] cfjfh 3GsfP . aGb'ssf] andf zf;g ug]{ ;Qf lj?4
aGb's p7fP . To; kl5 k'/fgf] ;Qf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf ;d]t kxf8L Onfsf tyf
t/fOsf e"efuaf6 klg lj:yflkt x“'b} uPsf 5g\ . hgtfn] cfºgf] ;QF
lgdf{0f, lj:tf/ / ;'b'9 ub}{ cufl8 a9]sf 5g\ . hgo'4n] ;a} ju{, ln¨,
hfltx?sf] g]t[Tj u/]sfn] To;af6 dfq cfd ls;fgsf ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] s'/fdf xfdL
ljZj:t 5f}+ . ls;fgx?sf] d'lQm hgo'4 afx]s cGo pkfoaf6 x'g ;Sb}g .
hgo'4sf] ljho k|lt slQsf] ljZj:t x'g'x'G5 <
hgo'4sf] ljho
x'g] s'/fdf d ljZj:t 5' .
s] cfwf/df ljZj:t aGg'eof] <
w]/}
s'/f dfly g} elg;s]sf] 5' . hgo'4 ;kmn jf ljkmn x'g'df /fhg}lts sfo{lbzf
;xL 5 ls unt 5 eGg] s'/fn] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . /fhg}lts sfo{lbzf ;xL eP
xfdL;“u gePsf s'/fx? k|fKt x'G5g . olb sfo{lbzf unt 5 eg] ePsf lrh klg
u'd]/ hfG5g eGg] dxfg u'?x?sf egfO g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df klg nfu" x'G5 .
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] g]kfnL e"lddf k|of]usf] qmddf ;}4flGts ?kdf
k|r08kysf] ;+Zfn]if0f ePsf] 5 / of] ;fj{ef}d aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 . /fhg}lts
?kdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] cl3 ;f/]sf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] dfudf ;a} jf}l4s hut,
gful/s ;dfh Pj+ /fhg}lts bnx? ;d]t ;xdt x'b} uPsf 5g\ . o;n] /fli6«o
cGt/fli6«o dxTj kfO/x]sf] 5 . kmf}hL ?kdf hgo'4 /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf]
tof/Ldf cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . l8ljhg :t/df z}Go kmd]{zgsf] ljsf; eO;s]sf]
5 . k'/fgf] ;QFsf ;'/Iff kmf}hx? lbg k|lt lbg lj36gsf] ;+3f/df uO/x]sf
5g\ . sof}+ zfxL ;]gfx? ljb|f]x u/L hgd'lQm ;]gfdf ;dfj]z eO /x]sf
5g\ . ;f+u7lgs ?kn] ufp hg;/sf/, Onfsf hg;/sf/, lhNnf hg;/sf/ x‘'b} :jfoQ
k|b]z hg;/sf/sf] u7g ePsf] 5 eg] s]Gb|df s]Gb|Lo hgkl/ifbsf] u7g eO;s]sf]
5 . cj l5§} k|ltlqmofjfbL s]Gb|Lo /fHo ;QF sAhf ug]{ tof/L x'b}5 .
To;sf nflu ;z:q ljb|F]xsf] tof/L hf]8tf]8sf ;fy cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . oL ;a}
s'/fnfO{ ljrf/ ubf{ hgo'4sf] ljho gx'g] s'/} cfpb}g . log} cfwf/df
hgo'4sf] lz3| ljhosf] 3f]if0ff ug{ ;lsG5 .
cGTodf s]xL eGg' 5 ls <
k|ltlqmofjfbL
k'/fgf] /fHo ;QFn] hgfb]z klqdf dfly k|ltaGw nufO /x]sf] a]nfdf xfd|f egfO{x?
hgtf;fd' k'¥ofO lbg'ePsf]df hgfb]z kl/jf/nfO{ wGojfb 1fkg ub{5' . ;fy}
b]zsf ljleGg ;+3 ;+u7gdf cfa4 /xg'x'g] / :jtGq ?kdf s[lif k]zfdf /xg' ePsf cfd
ls;fg ;d'bfonfO{ cfºg} ;Qf k|flKtsf] / cfºg} d'lQmsf] nflu
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] cfJxfg u/]sf avt ;z:q ljb|f]xdf pqg cfu|x ub{5' .
wGojfb . m