hgo'4, qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt / j}rfl/s ?kfGt/0faf/]

–ls/0f

dxfg\ hgo'4n] gjf+} jif{df k|j]z ul/;s]sf] 5 . of] cf7 jif{sf] cjlwdf 5nf¨do ultsf aLraf6 gof" ljrf/, gof" ;Qf / gof" ;+:s[ltsf] hGd ePsf] 5 . clxn] xfdL /0fgLlts ;Gt'ng / k|Tofqmd0fsf] ljlzi6 r/0fdf 5f}+ . of] a]nf hgo'4sf ;fd' gof" 9¨sf dxfg\ ;+efjgf / eLif0f r'gf}lt pkl:yt ePsf 5g\ . o; k|sf/sf r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf / ;+efjgfx?sf] ;b'kof]u ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] k|lqmofdf k|r08kysf ?kdf ljsl;t gof" ljrf/nfO{ 7Ls;"u a'‰g], To;sf] l;h{gfTds ?kdf k|of]u ug]{ / To;nfO{ ljsl;t t'Nofpg] sfdsf] ljz]if dxTj 5 . oL sfdx? k"/f ug{sf nflu xfdL ;j{k|yd j}rfl/s :kfGt/0fsf] k|lqmofdf nfUg clgjfo{ ePsf] 5 .

qmflGtsf nflu qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt clgjfo{ ?kn] cfjZos x'G5 . qmflGtsf] ljsf;sf] k|lqmofdf qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] klg ljsf; x'"b} hfG5 . 7Ls oxf"g]/ s'g s'/f a'‰g h?/L 5 eg] h'g /Ïtf/df gof" ljrf/ jf l;4fGtsf] ljsf; x'"b} hfG5, ToxL /Ïtf/df cj;/jfbn] klg 6fpsf] p7fp"b} hfg] ub{5 . dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] ljsf;sf] k|lqmofdf xfdLn] oxL b]v]sf 5f}+ / k|r08kysf] ljsf;sf] k|lqmofdf klg o;f] x'g' clgjfo{ 5 . dxfg\ n]lggn] åGåjfbsf] rrf{ ug]{ ;Gbe{df eGg' ePsf] lyof]–æljsf; eg]sf] ljk/Ltx?sf] ;+3if{ xf] .Æ jf:tjdf x/]s rLhsf] ljsf; ljk/Ltx?sf] ;+3if{sf aLraf6} x'G5 . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ljsf; k|ltlqmofjfbL o'4sf lj?4 ;+3if{sf aLraf6 x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . gof" ;Qfsf] ljsf; k'/fgf] ;Qfsf lj?4 ;+3if{sf aLraf6} x'"b} cfPsf] 5 / o;/L g} k|r08kysf] ljsf; klg tdfd k|sf/sf k|ltlqmofjfbL / ;+zf]wgjfbL ljrf/x?sf lj?4sf] ;+3if{sf] aLraf6 eO/x]sf] 5 . of] k|lqmof lg/Gt/ hf/L /xG5 / of] lg/Gt/ qmflGt klg xf] .

qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] ljsf;;"u} cj;/jfbsf] klg ljsf; x'g' Oltxf;sf] Pp6f åGåjfbL lgod g} xf] . qmflGtsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ ha qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] lIflth km/flsnf] x'"b} hfG5, Tof] a]nf cj;/jfbn] klg cfÏgf] ljrf/sf] lIflth km/flsnf] ePsf] dx;'; ub{5 . of] s'/f xfdLn] rLgsf] ;dfhjfbL qmflGtsfndf :ki6;"u b]Vg ;St5f}+ . dfcf]n] rLgsf] ;dfhjfbL qmflGtsf] k|f/lDes sfndf hgjfbsf] ljsf;sf] cfjZostfdfly Wofg lb+b} …;of}+Ú k"mnx? k'mNg lbg] / ljrf/sf ljleGg If]qx?sf k|lt:kwf{ x'g lbg]Æ gLlt k|ltkfbg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . of] gLltsf] d"n p2]Zo ;xL ljrf/ / lrGtgsf ;fy} unt ljrf/ / lrGtgnfO{ klg ;txdf cfpg lbg] / ;'ulGwt k"mnx?nfO{ k'mNg lbO{ ljiffn' emf/kftx?nfO{ pv]Ng] cyf{t\ ;xL ljrf/sf] ;+/If0f u/L unt ljrf/nfO{ g+Uofpg] lyof] . t/ o;f] x'"bfx'"b} klg rLgdf unt ljrf/x?n] klg k|z:t dfqfdf 3';k}7 ug]{ cj;/ kfPsf lyP . lsgeg] qmflGt / k|ltqmflGt a]Unfa]Un} xf]Og ;fy;fy} rNg] ub{5g\, jf:tjdf tL Pp6} kl/36gfsf ljk/Lt kxn'x? g} x'g\ . Pssf] b'O{df ljefhg eg]sf] klg oxL g} xf] .

dxfg\ hgo'4nfO{ ;kmntfk"j{s ljhosf] lbzfdf cufl8 a9fpg], qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ / k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] dxfg\ p2]Zodf cfwfl/t /xL g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] ut k"0f{ a}7sdf PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;af/] Ps dxŒjk"0f{ k|:tfj kfl/t ul/Psf] lyof] / Tof] clxn] ax; Pj+ ;Zn]if0fsf] k|lqmofdf 5 . o;af/] ljleGg ts{ ljts{x? k|:t't x'"b} cfPsf 5g\ / hgtfsf] hgjfbsf] lIflth w]/} km/flsnf] aGb} u}/x]sf] xfdL ;a}nfO{ dx;'; ePsf] 5 . 7Ls oxLg]/ Wofg lbg' kg]{ Pp6f dTjk"0f{ s'/f oxf" st} cj;/jfbn] l5g]{ df}sf t kfO/x]sf] 5}g eGg] klg xf] .

PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] k|:tfjn] hgtfsf] ljb|f]xsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu cfjZos ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgf / ljlwsf] lgdf{0fdf ljz]if hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . of] /fd|f] s'/f xf] . t/ o;af6 kmfObf p7fP/ cj;/jfbn] qmflGtsf/L g]t[Tj / qmflGtsf/L ;Qfsf lj?4 slyt ljb|f]xsf] s'/f ug]{ jf To; lglDt hgtfnfO{ e8\sfpg] ;+efjgf klg k}bf x'g ;Sb5 . o;k|lt klg xfdL ;ts{ /xg h?/L 5 . dxfg\ n]lggn] cfÏgf] k|l;4 /rgf æPs sbd cufl8 b'O{ sbd k5fl8Æ df eGg' ePsf] lyof] –æljb|f]x cToGt} zfgbf/ rLh xf] ha cu|ufdL tTjx?n] k|ltlqmofjfbL tTjx?sf lj?4 ljb|f]x ub{5g\ . ha qmflGtsf/L kIfn] cj;/jfbL kIfsf lj?4 ljb|f]x ub{5g\ Tof] /fd|f] s'/f xf] . t/, ha cj;/jfbL kIfn] qmflGtsf/L kIfsf lj?4 ljb|f]x ub{5, Tof] g/fd|f] s'/f xf] .Æ xf], xfdLn] oxf" klg ljb|f]xnfO{ lg/k]If ?kdf lng' x'"b}g / To;nfO{ cj;/jfbsf] xf]Og ;j{xf/fju{, pTkLl8t hg;d'bfo tyf qmflGtsf] lxtdf k|of]u ug{ hf]8 lbg' kb{5 .

o;}u/L oxf" Wofg lbg' kg]{ csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ ljifo hgjfbL s]Gb|Lotfsf] cEof;sf] k|Zg xf] . PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] k|:tfjn] qmflGt ;DkGg ug{ / k|ltqmflGt /f]Sgsf nflu hgtfsf] hgjfbsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{ ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgf / ljlwsf] lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ ;zQm ?kdf k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . of] /fd|f] s'/f xf], t/ o;nfO{ cj;/jfbLx?n] s]Gb|Lotfsf] k"0f{ lgif]w / clthgjfbsf cy{df u|x0f ug{ ;Sb5g\ . Tof] l:yltdf k|Zg p7\g ;St5 – oxf" olb of] hgjfb} hgjfbsf] s'/f xf] eg] s]Gb|Lotfsf] cy{ g} s] /x\of] / < jf:tjdf s'/f To;f] xf]Og, Tof] k|:tfjsf] d"n dd{ pRr k|sf/sf] hgjfbsf cfwf/df pRr k|sf/sf] s]Gb|Lotfsf] :yfkgf ug]{ xf] . hgjfb / s]Gb|Lotfsf aLr åGbfTds ;DaGw x'G5 . s]Gb|Lotfsf lj?4 clthgjfbsf] dfu ug]{ k|j[lQ c/fhstfjfb afx]s c? s]xL xf]Og .

PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] k|:tfjdf qmflGtkZrft\ k|ltqmflGtsf] vt/f /f]Sgsf nflu kf6L{ / /fHo;Qfdf /x]sf] g]t[Tj k+lQmnfO{ hgtfsf] lgoGq0f, lgu/fgL / ;]jfdf nufpg], To;sf] lg/Gt/ qmflGts/0f / ;j{xf/fs/0f ub}{ hfg] cflb dxTjk"0f{ s'/f atfOsf] 5 . of] 7Ls 5, t/ o;af6 kmfObf p7fp"b} cj;/jfbLx?n] ;xL qmflGtsf/L g]t[Tjdfly ;f":s[lts Pj+ rfl/lqs e|i6tf nufotsf cf/f]kx? nufpg] tyf qmflGtsf/L g]t[TjnfO{ k|xf/sf] lgzfgf agfpg] / cfk"mnfO{ dxfg\ b]vfpb} hgtfdf gfgf t/xsf e|dx?sf] ;[li6ug{] b':;fx; ug{ klg ;St5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;df o; k|sf/sf] k|z:t} pbfx/0fx? klg kfOg] u/]sf 5g\ . oxf"g]/ xfdLn] g]t[Tj eGg] ljlQs} Pssf] b'O{df ljefhgsf] s'/f e'Ng' x'"b}g . jf:tjdf g]t[Tj ;xL Pj+ unt b'O{ k|sf/sf x''G5g\ / xfdLn] lg/k]If ?kdf ;du| g]t[Tj xf]Og, unt g]t[TjnfO{ lj:yflkt / ;xL g]t[TjnfO{ :yflkt ug]{ s'/fdf ljz]if hf]8 lbg h?/L 5 .

oxf"g]/ Wofg lbg' kg]{ csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ ljifo hgtfsf] hgjfbL jf ;j{xf/f clwgfosTjsf] l;4fGt xf] . dfS;{b]lv n]lgg x'"b} dfcf];Dd cfp"bf of] l;4fGt w]/} ljsl;t x'"b} cfPsf] 5 . of] k|lqmofdf PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] k|:tfjn] of] l;4fGtnfO{ cem} ;d[4 / ljsl;t t'NofPsf] 5 . dfcf]eGbf cem} cufl8 a9]/ of] k|:tfjn] ldqx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ ;xof]uL dfq ge} k|lt:kwL{sf ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . of] Ps dxfg\ j}rfl/s sbd xf], t/ of] cToGt} r'gf}ltk"0f{ klg /x]sf] 5 / o;nfO{ xfdLn] ;sf/fTds r'gf}ltsf] cy{df u|x0f u/]sf 5f}+ . k/Gt' 7Ls oxf"g]/ cj;/jfbn] klg cfk"mnfO{ v]Ng] rf]/ b"nf] k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] ;Defjgf k|an b]lvG5 . ljZjel/sf ju{b'Zdg / cj;/jfbLx?n] hgtfsf] hgjfbL jf ;j{xf/f clwgfosTjsf] k|ZgnfO{ lnP/ qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6 g]t[Tjdfly æ;jf{;QfjfbÆsf] cf/f]k nufp"b} cfPsf 5g\ . g]kfnsf ;Gbe{df klg Tof] cf/f]ksf] k'g/fj[lQ gxf]nf eGg ;lsb}g / Tof] e} klg /x]sf] 5 . oBlk hgtfsf] hgjfbL jf ;j{xf/f clwgfosTjsf] k|of]usf ;Gbe{df qmflGtsf/L sDo'lgi6x?af6 klg sltko sdL, sdhf]/L cjZo} /xg uPsf 5g\ / PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfb d'VotM tL sdhf]/Lx? x6fpg] lbzfdf kl/nlIft /x]sf] 5 . oxf"g]/ xfdLn] s'g s'/f a'‰g h?/L 5 eg] ;j{xf/f hgjfbnfO{ hlt;'s} ;d[4 / ljsl;t t'NofP klg To;nfO{ lnP/ qmflGtsf/L g]t[Tjdfly nufOg] ;j{;Qfjfbsf] k|rlnt cf/f]k lg/Gt/ hf/L g} /xg]5 . of] s6' ;TonfO{ xfdLn] sbflk la;{g' x'"b}g .

cj;/jfbsf] clGtd p2]Zo qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] ;f/tTjdfly xdnf u/L qmflGtnfO{ lg:t]h kfg'{ xf] . qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] ;f/tTjdfly xdnf ljleGg sf]0faf6 x'g] ub{5 . h8;"qjfbn] l;4fGtsf] l;h{gfTds ljsf;df cj/f]w v8f ub}{ k'/fg} ;"qdf c8lsg] sfd ub{5 . cg'ejjfbn] ljsl;t gof" ;f/tTjnfO{ l;4fGtsf] :t/df p7\g} lb+b}g . kfl08Tojfbn] qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] ;f/tTjsf] tf]8df]8 / ckJofVof u/L To;nfO{ cfÏg} :jfy{ cg'?k 9fNg] sf]lzif ub{5 . ;f/;+u|xjfbn] gof" / k'/fgf], ;xL / unt ;a}nfO{ Ps} 7fp"df 5\of;ld; kf/L ljlrq k|sf/sf] lvr8L tof/ kfg]{ sfd ub{5 . dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kysf] cfTd;ftLs/0f, l;h{gfTds k|of]u / ljsf;sf ;Gbe{df xfdLn] oL ;a} unt lrGtgx?sf lj?4 lg/Gt/ j}rfl/s ;+3if{ rnfp"b} hfg' kb{5 . qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtsf] ljsf; To;sf] ljk/Lt w'|jdf /x]sf] cj;/jfbsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{s} aLraf6 x'G5, dxfg\ n]lggn] eGg' eP em}+ ljsf; ljk/Ltx?sf] ;+3if{ g} xf] .

cj;/jfb l;+u, h'/f] tyf k'R5/ ePsf] s'g} ljlrq k|f0fL xf]Og / Tof] xfdL leq} k}bf x'g] ljiffn' k|j[lQ xf] . cj;/jfbsf] d"n ljz]iftf eg]sf] kl/l:yltsf] df}sf x]/]/ k|:t't x'g' xf] . Tof] slxn] OGb| wg'ifL ?kdf k|s6 x'g] ub{5 . Tof] s'g} a]nf gsf/fTds k|j[lQsf] 9fs5f]k ug{] p2]Zon] ;sf/fTds k|j[lQsf] bf];Nnf cf]9]/ b]vf kg]{ ub{5 . Tof] s'g} a]nf g/d, s'g} a]nf u/d / s'g} a]nf ljrf}lnof klg aGg] ub{5 . To;n] tlGsg, v'lDrg / lgZrn /xg klg hfg]sf] x'G5 . oxf"g]/ ljlrq s'/f s] 5 eg] of] ;a} ubf{ klg cj;/jfbn] cfk"mnfO{ OdfGbf/} 7fg]sf] x'G5 . hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf d"ntM lj;{hgjfbsf ;fy} cfTd;dk{0fjfb, b':;fx;jfb tyf csd{0otfjfbsf ?kdf cj;/jfb k|s6 x'"b} cfPsf] 5 / oL ;a}nfO{ k/f:t ub}{ cl3 a9\g kf6L{ zfgbf/ ?kdf ;kmn /x]sf] 5 . jt{dfg ;Gbe{df blIf0fkGyL cfTd;dk{0fjfbdfly k|xf/ s]lGb|t ub}{ oL ;a}sf lj?4 j}rfl/s ;+3if{ rnfpg] sfdnfO{ k|efjsf/L 9¨n] cufl8 a9fpg h?/L 5 .

kf6L{ ljk/Ltx?sf] PsTj xf] . kf6L{df rNg] cGt;{+3if{n] kf6L{sf] ljsf;df gof" hLjg / phf{ k|bfg ub{5 . clxn] xfd|f] kf6L{ j}rfl/s, efjgfTds / ;f+u7lgs ?kdf Psl9Ssf 5 . of] d"nkIf xf] . t/ Pp6f ;xL / qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ leq ljrf/, gLlt / sfo{lbzfnfO{ a'‰g] / sfof{Gjog ug]{ lznlznfdf ax;, 5nkmn / cGtlqm{of rNg' :jefljs} s'/f xf] . o;/L x]bf{ oxf" d'Vo k|Zg cGt;{+3if{ 5 jf 5}g eGg] xf]Og, a? cGt/;+3if{sf] ;xL ;dfwfg ub]{ kf6L{nfO{ gof" cfwf/df Pstfa4 ub}{ hfg' xf] . o;nfO{ xfdLn] kf6L{ hLjgdf rNg] lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf] k|lqmofsf ?kdf a'‰g' kb{5 .

/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/Lsf] jt{dfg ljlzi6 r/0fdf dxfg\ hgo'4 ;lxt qmflGtsf ljlzi6 sfo{ef/x? k"/f ug{sf nflu xfdLn] j}rfl/s ?kfGt/0fsf] sfddf ljz]if hf]8 lbg' kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . o; k|sf/sf] j}rfl/s ?kfGt/0fdf c?nfO{ bf]ifL b]vfP/, pkb]z lbP/ / csf{sf] 6fpsf]df cfuf] ;Nsfpg vf]h]/ xf]Og, a? :jo+ cfÏg} cfTd;dLIff u/]/, qmflGtsf cg'ejx?af6 lzIff lnP/ / cfÏgf] 6fpsf]df cfkm} cfuf] ;Nsfpg] ;fx; u/]/ dfq x'g ;St5 . jt{dfg ju{;dfh / ju{o'4sf] ;fk]Ifftfdf xfdLn] cfk"mdf sdL, sdhf]/Lx? 5g eGg] s'/f :jLsf/ ug'{ s'g} c:jfefljs s'/f xf]Og, o;sf] 7Ls pN6f] xfdLdf s'g} sdL, sdhf]/L g} 5}gg eg]/ bDe ug'{ 7"nf] c:jfefljstf / lj8Dagfsf] ljifo xf] .

DFFS;{jfbn] 7f]; kl/l:yltsf] 7f]; ljZn]if0f u/]/ /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltsf] lgwf{/0f ug]{ dfu ub{5 / Tof] lg/k]Iftfjfbsf] lj/f]wL 5 . cfhsf] xfd|f] cfjZostf Psflt/ ?;, rLg nufotsf b]zx?df ;j{xf/f hgjfbsf] cEof; / ef}ltsjfbL åGåjfbsf] k|of]usf] k|lqmofdf qmflGtsf/L dfS;{jfbLaf6} x'g uPsf uNtL, sdhf]/L / ;Ldfk|lt ;ts{ /x"b} PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] hgjfbsf] dfGotf cg'?k cufl8 a9\g] / csf]{lt/ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] k|ToIf lgb]{zgdf zfxL ;}lgs clwgfosjfbåf/f rnfOPsf] bdg cleofgsf lj?4 dxfg\ hgo'4nfO{ ljhoL t'Nofpg] /x]sf] 5 . To;lglDt kf6L{n] ;xL sfo{lbzf, /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltsf] ljsf; / ljGof; ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . of] k|lqmofnfO{ xfdLn] cem ;zQm ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .

cfh xfdL qmflGtsf] dfu cg';f/ hgo'4, qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt / kf6L{nfO{ csf]{ gof" p"rfOdf ljsl;t t'Nofpg u}/x]sf 5f}+ . x/]s rLhsf] ljsf; ljk/Ltx?sf] Pstf–;+3if{ / ?kfGt/0fsf aLraf6 x'G5 . o;sf nflu ljk/Ltx?sf] cl:tTj g} b]Vg g rfxg] Psdgfjfb / ljk/Ltx?sf] Ps csf]{df ?kfGt/0f g} ug{ g rfxg] ax'njfb b'a} xfgLsf/s lrGtg x'g\ . xfdLn] oL b'a} k|sf/sf unt lrGtgsf lj?4 j}rl/s ;+3if{ u/]/ dfq dxfg\ hgo'4nfO{ dfly p7fpg, qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtx?nfO{ csf]{ p"rfOdf ;+Zn]if0f ug{ / kf6L{nfO{ gof" cfwf/df Pstfa4 ub}{ cufl8 a9fpg ;St5f}+ . of] bfloTjnfO{ xfdLn] uDeL/ lhDd]jf/Laf]wsf ;fy c+uLsf/ ug{ h?/L 5 .

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