s=uf}/j;"u ljb]zL k|ltlglw d08nsf] e]6

    sf7df08f}÷slyt kmhL{ /fxbfgL cleof]udf ef/tsf] r]GgO{ Pc/kf]6{df ut ;ft dlxgfcl3 kqmfp k/L h]ndf /flvg'ePsf dfcf]jfbLsf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o s=;L=kL= uh'/]n -uf}/j_sf] l/xfOsf] nflu cGt/f{li6«o ?kd} bjfj l;h{gf ug{] x]t'n] hd{g sfg'gljb Dr. Heinzjurger, Heike krause / Ilka Hoffmann sf] tLg ;b:oLo k|ltlglw d08n @& dfr{sf lbg r]GgO{ k'u]/ s= uf}/jnfO{ e]6\of] .

    lbNnLdf r}q !& ut] / r]GgO{df r}q !$ ut] Ps kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L k|ltlglw d08nn] ;f]sf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyof] . e]63f6sf qmddf dfcf]jfbL g]tf s=uh'/]nn] …;fDojfb hGdfpg] o"/f]kn] nfdf] lgGb|f TofuL ;+;f/el/ hf/L qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngdf P]Soj4tf hgfpgÚ cfAxfg ug{'ePsf] s'/f tL k|ltlglwn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf atfP .

    pQm 6f]nLn] uf}/j hLjg /Iffy{ ;ldlt / pxf"sf] kl/jf/ Pj+ ;/sf/L clwsf/Lx?nfO{ klg e]6]sf] lyof] . ljb]zL sfg'gljbsf] ;f] 6f]nLn] s= uf}/jsf] hLjg /Iff / tTsfn l/xfOsf] nflu dfu ;d]t u/]sf] 5 .

;}lgs sKtfgdfly sdf08f] cfqmd0f

sf7df08f}÷hgd'lQm ;]gfsf of]4fn] oxL r}q !$ut] ljxfg /fhwfgL sf7df08f}l:yt ;f]Xv'§]df ;}lgs sKtfg wgaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ sdfG8f] cfqmd0f u/L ;kmfof u/]sf] s'/f dfcf]jfbL ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdfg sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . pgnfO{ 6fpsf] / 5ftLdf uf]nL xflgPsf] lyof] . tL ;}lgs clwsf/Lsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] lyof] .

k'/fgf] ;Qf cem} o'4sf] tof/Ldf

    sf7df08f}+÷Dffcf]jfbLn]] DofUbLsf] ;b/d'sfd sAhf u/]sf] 36gfn] cem} b]zleq / aflx/ ;d]t t/¨ k}bf eO/x]sf] 5 .  DofUbL 36gfsf] nuQ} ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrj sf]kmL cGgfgn] Ps jQmJo hf/L ug{'eO{ dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/sf aLr jftf{sf nflu cfJxfg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf s= k|r08n] ;+/f;+3sf dxf;lrj sf]kmL cGgfgsf] ;f] jQmJonfO{ :jfut ug{' x'"b} zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;sf nflu cfkm\gf] kf6L{ ;b}j tof/ ePsf] cfzo bf]xf]¥ofpg' ePsf] 5 .

    cWoIf k|r08åf/f r}q !@ ut] hf/L jStJodf elgPsf] 5–æxfn} ;+o'Qm–/fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrj sf]kmL cGgfgåf/f g]kfndf ljBdfg u[xo'4sf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf nflu ul/Psf] cfJxfg / To;df cGtlg{lxt efjgfnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfosf] Ps lhDd]jf/k"0f{ kxnsf ?kdf ln+b} xfd|f] kf6L{ To;sf] xflb{s :jfut ub{5 . ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqdf cfwfl/t g]kfnsf] k'/fgf] ;Qfn] xfd|f] kf6L{;"usf] ljut jftf{df k|bz{g u/]sf] a]OdfgL / if8oGqsf k[i7e"lddf xfdLn] jftf{sf nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] dWo:ytfsf] k|:tfj ;fj{hlgs ub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ cfÎgf] efUo / eljiosf] km};nf ug]{ clwsf/ lbg] jf glbg] eGg] d'2f g} ljBdfg u[xo'4sf] k|d'v d'2f /lxcfPsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qf hg;d'bfosf] ;fj{ef}d /fhsLo clwsf/nfO{ dWoo'udf h:t} ;fdGtL /fhf, dxf/fhfsf xftdf s}b ug{ rfxG5 eg] xfd|f] kf6L{ hg;d'bfosf] Tof] g};lu{s clwsf/nfO{ Jojxf/tM :yflkt ug{ rfxG5 . ;j{kIfLo /fhg}lts ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg–;efsf] lgjf{rgk|ltsf] xfd|f] c8fg / k|lta4tfn] ;f] tYonfO{ :ki6 ul//x]sf] 5 . k/Dk/fut ?kn] ;fdGtL b/af/sf] lg/+s'ztfk|lt jkmfbf/ æzfxL ;]gfÆ n] hgtfsf lj?4 rnfO/x]sf] xTof, cft+s / cTofrf/sf lj?4 ljb|f]xsf ?kdf g} hgo'4 cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf g]kfnL hgtf cfÎ\gf nflu s] s:tf] /fHo Joj:yf rfxG5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] :jtGq ?kn] km};nf ug]{ jftfj/0f g} ljBdfg g]kfnL u[xo'4sf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf] s""hL xf] . of] ;j{dfGo k|hftflGqs ljlwsf] lj/f]w ug'{df g} k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] ;fdGtL kmf}hL lg/+s'ztf JoQm eO/x]sf] 5 . l:yltsf] oxL u+eL/tfnfO{ ljrf/ u/]/ g} xfd|f] kf6L{n] hg;d'bfosf] ;fj{ef}d clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ug{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] dWo:ytf cfjZos 7fg]sf] 5 . :jtGq?kn] hg–cledt JoQm x'g] jftfj/0f;+u} ljb|f]x / /Qmkftn] zflGtk"0f{ lgsf; k|fKt ug]{ s'/f lglZrt 5 . o;sf nflu kxn / cfGbf]ng a9fpg b]zleq / aflx/sf ;a} hgkIfLo k|hftflGqs zlQmx?;+u xfd|f] kf6L{ k''gM ckLn ub{5 . olb k'/fgf] ;Qfn] ;}Go andf g} hgtfnfO{ s'Nrg] b':;fx; ul//xG5 eg] hgo'4 klg k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ tx;–gx; gkfbf{;Dd cufl8 al9/xg] 5 .Æ

    o;}u/L ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] jQmJonfO{ Pdfn]n] klg :jfut u/]sf] 5 / t'?Gt o'4lj/fd u/L jftf{ x'g'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 .

    b]zdf eO/x]sf] u[xo'4nfO{ lgsf; lbgsf nflu g]kfnL sf+u|];n] kf6L{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ kxn ug{ lhDdf lbPsf] 5 .

    o;/L b]zleq / aflx/af6 dfcf]jfbL–;/sf/aLr jftf{sf nflu bjfj eP klg k'/fgf] ;Qf eg] cem} ank|of]us} af6f]df cl3 al9/x]sf] k|tLt ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrjsf] k|:tfjnfO{ ;sf/fTds hjfkm lbg] atfP klg tbg'?ksf] tbf?stf b]vfPsf] 5}g . /, clxn] 1fg]Gb| / pgsf] v]tfnf ;/sf/ b]znfO{ o'4df xf]Dg] if8\oGqdf nfluk/]sf] 5 . h;sf sf/0f b]z cem eLif0f o'4df km:g] ;+efjgf 5 .

ljleGg hgjuL{o ;+u7gåf/f hLjg /Iffsf] ckLn

    sf7df8f}+÷ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] sf7dfG8f}af6 lu/Îtf/ u/L a]kQf kf/]sf cfÎgf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{nfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/L l/xf u/fpg kxn ug{ ljleGg hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;ldltx?n] ;Dk"0f{ dfgjclwsf/afbL ;+3, ;+u7g, kqsf/ j'l4hLjL / ljleGg /fhg}lts kf6L{x?sf ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3, ;+u7g ;dIf xflb{s cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ .

    g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfn, sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;ldltsf ;+of]hs z}n]Gb| df:s]n] oxL r}q !# ut] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] jQmJo cg';f/ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] a]kQF kf/]sf df]rf{sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?df–lgZrn gsdL{, Yffgsf]6, df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o-@)^)÷*÷!& ut] sf]6]Zj/af6 lu/Îtf/_, ;'lrGb| >]i7 ;t'+un, df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -@)^)÷*÷@! ut] 9f]sfjxfnaf6 lu/Îtf/_ ch'{g dxh{g, sLlt{k'/, df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -@)^)÷&÷)@ut] sflndf6Laf6 lu/Îtf/_, eLd dxh{g, uf+uj', df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -@)^)÷&÷* ut] c;gaf6 lu/Îtf/_, /fh]z dxh{g, kf"uf, df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -@)^)÷&÷@*ut] kf"ufaf6 lu/Îtf/_, ls/0f dxh{g Rff]ef/, Rf]fef/ OsfO ;b:o -@)^)÷&÷@% ut] rf]ef/af6 lu/Îtf/_, ;'hLGb| dxh{g rf]ef/, Rff]ef/ OsfO ;b:o-@)^)÷&÷@^ ut] rf]ef/af6 lu/Îtf/_, b]jaxfb'/ dxh{g, 6f}bx, Rf]fef/ OsfO ;b:o -@)^)÷*÷!) ut] 6f}bxaf6 lu/Îtf/_, ;'o{dfg dxh{g rfjlxn, rfjlxn OsfO ;b:o-@)^)÷^÷!@ ut] rfjflxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, h''h'efO dxh{g, gufp", gufp" OsfO ;b:o-@)^)÷!@ df jh|xf]6n, :oo+e"af6 lu/Îtf/_ .

    o;}u/L clvn g]kfn 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3, lhNnf ;ldlt, sf7df8f}}sf+ ;+of]hs /]zd tfdfËn] r}q ( ut] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] ckLndf j]kQf kfl/Psf dhb'/ g]tf sfo{stf{x?sf] gfdfjnL o; k|sf/ 5– xL/faxfb'/ /f]sf, g'jfsf]6, dxf;+3sf s]=;=pkfWoIf, -@)^)÷^÷@$ ut] 9f]sf6f]naf6 lu/Îtf/_, a'l4 nfdf, sfe|]knfGrf]s, dxf;+3sf s]=;=;= -@)^).*.!# nlntk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, pd]z ;]8fO{, sfe|]knfGrf]s, dxf;+3sf s]=;=;= -@)%(÷!÷& /Tgkfs{af6 lu/Îtf/_, ljzfn nfdf, sfe|]knfGrf]s, dxf;+3sf sf7df8f}+ lh=s=;b:o -@)%(÷#÷( eQmk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, t]hdfg lj=s=, bf]nvf, dxf;+3sf sf7df8f}+ lh=s=;b:o -@)^)÷*÷!) ut] Rfjflxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, 6+sk|;fb lqkf7L, dxf;+3sf sf7df8f}+ lh=s=;b:o, -)^)sf] o'4lj/fd e+ukl5 lu/Îtf/_, hfnGw/ af:tf]nf, l;Gw'knfGrf]s, dxf;+3sf sf7df8f}+ lh=s=;b:o, -)^)sf]  o'4lj/fd e+ukl5 lu/Îtf/_, /fdaxfb'/ tfdfË, l;Gw'knfGrf]s, dxf;+3sf sf7df8f}+ lh=s=;b:o, -)^)sf] o'4lj/fd e+ukl5 lu/Îtf/_, nLnf cfrfo{, l;Gw'knfGrf]s, dxf;+3sf sf7df8f}+ lh=s=;b:o -@)^)÷*÷!) ut] rfjlxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, zflGt/fd e§/fO{, dxf;+3sf eQmk'/ lh=s=;b:o, @)^). *. % ut] eQmk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_ .

    o;}u/L clvn g]kfn /fli6«o :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgog -qmflGtsf/L_, sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;ldlt ;+of]hs 6Lsf af:tf]nfn] kmfNu'0f @( ut] Ps ckLn k|sflzt u/L ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf a]kQf kfl/Psf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?sf] ljj/0f o; k|sf/ 5– s[i0f s]=;L=, jfUn'Ë, K"fj{ pkfWoIf -s]=;=_ -)^)÷%÷!& ut] sf]6]Zj/af6 lu/Îtf/_, k"0f{ kf}8]n, sf:sL,{k"j{ dxf;lrj -s]=;=_ -)%(÷!÷!# ut] s'n]Zj/af6 lu/Îtf/_, lxdfn zdf{, jfUn'Ë, dxf;lrj -s]=;=_, -)^)÷&÷% ut] c;gaf6 lu/Îtf/_, ljlkg e08f/L, sf7df8f}+, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -)%(÷#÷# ut] skgaf6 lu/Îtf/_, lbnaxfb'/ /fO{, sf7df8f}+, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -)%(÷#÷# ut] skgaf6 lu/Îtf/_, 1fg]Gb| lqkf7L, lrtjg, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -)^)÷%÷( zflGtgu/af6 lu/Îtf/_, gljg /fO{, Eff]hk'/, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o -)%(÷!÷!# ut] s'n]Zj/af6 lu/Îtf/_, lbk]Gb| kGt, Uff]/vf, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cWoIf -)^)÷^÷@& ut] gof"ahf/af6 lu/Îtf/_, l;=Pg=9'Ëfgf, ;'g;/L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, )^)÷%÷$ ut] sflnsf:yfgaf6 lu/Îtf/_, eLd lu/L, Kf"j{ sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o, s}nfnL, )^)÷*÷!& If]qkf6Laf6 lu/Îtf/_, K'fik j:g]t, emfkf, sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;x;lrj -)^)÷*÷* Nflntk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, ljgf du/, s~rgk'/, k"j{ sf7df8f} lhNnf cWoIf -)^)÷&÷& ut] c;gaf6 lu/Îtf/_, lx/f a=;f?, bfË, k"j{ sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷*÷* nlntk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, /fdxl/ ?kfv]tL, k"j{ sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o-)%(÷#÷@ut] led;]guf]nfaf6 lu/Îtf/_, ch'{g kf]v/]n, g'jfsf]6, sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷*÷!)ut] Rfjflxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, sf};Nof kf]v/]n, g'jfsf]6, sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o-)^)÷*÷!# ut] Nflntk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, jL/]Gb| j:g]t, Efmfkf, sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷%÷$ ut] rfjlxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, ljgf]b 9sfn, g'jfsf]6 sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷%÷$ ut] rfjlxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, b]j/fh u'?Ë, g'jfsf]6, sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷%÷$ ut] rfjlxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, ejgfy wdnf, cf]vn9'Ëf, sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o-)^)÷&÷#ut] rfjlxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, jL= s] >]i7, ndh'Ë, sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o, -)^)÷&÷@@ ut] nlntk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, nLnf kf08], wflbË, sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷&÷@ ut] afuahf/af6 lu/Îtf/_, cd[t s"8]n, -sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷&÷# ut] afuahf/af6 lu/Îtf/_, snf ltjf/L, Kfj{t, Pl/of ;b:o-sf7df8f}_, -sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷&÷# ut] afuahf/af6 lu/Îtf/_, /]0f' b'nfn, Kf"j{ eQmk'/ lhNnf ;b:o-)^)sf] o'4lj/fdkl5 eQmk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, x]dgf/fo0f >]i7, cf]vn9'Ëf, Kf"j{ sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)^)÷&÷@ ut] a;'Gw/faf6 lu/Îtf/_, Uf]ljGb l3ld/], Kff"ry/, Pl/of ;b:o,sf7df8f} -)^)÷%÷$ ut] Rfjflxnaf6 lu/Îtf/_, 7fs'/ nfld5fg], sf7df8f}+, Kf"j{ eQmk'/ lhNnf ;b:o -)%(÷#÷!! ut] nlntk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, kf]v/ a'9fyf]sL, ;Nofg, Kf"j{ eQmk'/ lhNnf cWoIf -)%(÷#÷!@ ut] nlntk'/af6 lu/Îtf/_, O{Zj/ nfdf, /fd]5fk, Kf"j{ sf7df8f} lhNnf ;b:o -)%(÷!÷!# ut] s'n]Zj/af6 lu/Îtf/_ ?ks clwsf/L, Uff]/vf, Pl/of ;b:o -sf7df8f}_ -)^)÷&÷ ut] sf7df8f}+af6 lu/Îtf/_,  k|sfz nfdf, /fd]5fk, Pl/of ;b:o -sf7df8f}_ -)^)÷&÷ ut] sf7df8f}+af6 lu/Îtf/_ .

l;Gw"nLdf a9\b}5 dfcf]jfbLsf] nf]slk|otf

    dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf] cf7 jif{ k"/f ul/;s]sf] of] cj:yfdf l;Gw'nLn] gof" hLjg kfPsf] 5 . xfn lhNnfsf @ gu/kflnsfafx]s %# ufh;df dfcf]jfbL hg;Qf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] pkl:ylt z'Go x'g k'u]sf oL 7fp"x?df hg;QFn] Jojl:yt ?kdf sfdx? cl3 a9fPkl5 hgtfn] cfkm"x? :yfgLo ;Qfsf] jf:tljs dflns aGg kfPsf] cg"e"lt ub}{5g\ . cfh l;Gw'nLsf ufp"–ufp"df ;'Gg kfOG5–æhg;Qfsf] :yfkgf kZrft\ zf]if0f, bdg, cGofo, cTofrf/ / e]befj d]l6of] .Æ

    g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf l;Gw'nL lhNnf OGrfh{ s= ljho cfºgf] kf6L{ o'4sf] l:yltdf /x] klg o'4 / hg;Qf ;~rfngsf b'a} sfd ;fy–;fy} cl3 a9fO/x]sf] atfpg' x'G5 . pxf"n] lhNnfdf :yflkt hg;QfnfO{ hgtfn] o'4sfnlg l:yltsf] eGbf klg k'/} ;Qf rn]s} cj:yfsf] dflg/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . dfcf]jfbL g]tf ljhon] cfºgf] kf6L{n] cg]sf}+ hl6ntf / cK7]/fx?sf] ;fdgf ub}{ o'4sf] ;fk]Iftfdf Gofo, ljsf; lgdf{0f, lzIff, :jf:Yo nufotsf If]qx?df oy]i6 Wofg lbO/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . dfcf]jfbLsf l;Gw'nL lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= k|zfGtn] lhNnfdf k'/fgf] ;Qf k"0f{?kn] lgif]w ul/Psf] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] . clxn] jf:tljs ;Qf ;~rfngsf] sfd lhNnfdf ;+o'Qm lhNnf hg;ldlt / ufp"df ufh;n] ul//x]sf] atfpg' eof] . pxf"n] k'/fgf] ;Qfn] dgf]lgt u/]sf lhlj; ;efklt;lxtsf kbflwsf/Lx?n] dfcf]jfbL of]4fsf lj?4 u'Ktr/L ug]{ tyf hg;Qf lj/f]wL lqmofsnfk u/]sf]  atfp"b} ltgLx?nfO{ tTsfn /fhLgfdf ug{ cfºgf] kf6L{n] r]tfjgL lbPsf] klf atfpg' eof] . k6s–k6ssf] r]tfjgLsf afjh'b klg /flhgfdf gu/L cfºgf lj?4 lqmofsnfkdf ;/Ls x'g]x?nfO{ sfjf{xL ug{ cfkm"x? afWo x'g] klg pxf"sf] egfO lyof] .

    dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf OGrfh{ ljho / ;]qm]6/L k|zfGtaf6 k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ hg;Qfn] :s"n ;~rfngb]lv lasf; lgdf{0fsf ljleGg sfdx?;d]t ;DkGg ul//x]sf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf s'g} klg uflj; sfo{no ;~rfng x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . uflj;sf sd{rf/Lx? ls t ;b/d'sfddf n's]/ j;]sf 5g\ ls hg;Qfsf] dftxtdf sfd ub}{5g\ . hg;Qf;"u hgtfn] hUufsf] nfnk'hf{ / gful/stf ljt/0f ug{ dfu;d]t ul//x]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sL nufgLsf afx]ssf ;+3–;+:yfx?;d]t :yfgLo hg;Qf;"u sf]–cl8{g]zg u/]/ sfd ug{ OR5's 5g\ . xfn} :yfgLo hg;Qfsf] ;xdltdf lhNnfdf ljw't pTkfbgsf] sfd ;d]t z'? ePsf] 5 . lhNnfdf k'/fgf] ;Qf lj:yflkt ePsf] / gof" ;Qfn] Jojl:yt ?kdf ultljlwx? cl3 a9fPkl5 dfcf]jfbLsf] nf]slk|otf a9]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] jlnbfgL k"0f{ ;ª\3if{af6 :yflkt hg;Qfsf] /Iffsf] nflu :jo+ hgtf g} lqmofzLn eO/x]sf 5g\ . clxn] lhNnfdf hgldlnl;of lgdf{0fsf] nx/ tLj| ag]sf] s'/f lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v lg? bnf{dL atfpg' x'G5 . pxf"sf cg';f/ lhNnfdf hgldlnl;ofsf ;of}+ sld6Lx? lgdf{0f eO;s]sf 5g\ . hg;Qf ;'b[9 x'g] qmd;"u} k'/fgf] ;Qfsf ;]gf / k|x/Laf6 ljb|f]x u/]/ dfcf]jfbL hgo'4df ;fd]n x'g] qmd ;d]t z'? ePsf] 5 . s]xL ;do cl3 h/fof]6f/sf # hgfn] zfxL ;]gfaf6 ljb|f]x u/]/ hgo'4df ;fd]n ePsf] Ps dlxgf gljTb} xfn} sNkj[If 3/ ePsf kbd dfemLn] zfxL ;]gfaf6 ljb|f]x u/]sf 5g\ . xfn zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Ldf hflu/ 5f8\g] qmd al9/x]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 .

    dfcf]jfbL hg;Qfsf] ;'b[9 cj:yfaf6 cQflnPsf] k''/fgf] ;Qfn] ;fdfGo hgtfnfO{ ck/x0f u/L s8f oftgf lbg] / cfTd;dk{0fsf] gf6s d~rg ug{] ul//x]sf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfn] jf:tljs ;dfrf/ aflx/ gNofpg] / em'¶f ;dfrf/ k|;f/ ug]{ sfd ul//x]sf] s'/f kf6L{ ;]qm]6/L k|zfGt atfpg' x'G5 . pxf"n] k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f ePsf bh{gf}+ em'¶f k|rf/sf] pbfx/0f klg lbg' eof] . …lkmSsnsf] rgf}6]df dfcf]jfblx? cfk'm–cfkm' n8]/ ! hgf dfl/Psf]Ú eGb} k'/fgf] ;Qfn] u/]sf] k|rf/ k"0f{?kdf em'¶f ePsf]  pxf"n] atfpg' eof] . To;}u/L …sNkj[Ifsf] nfdL8f"8fdf # hgf / eLd:yfgsf] ltn¨]df ! dfcf]jfbL dfl/PÚ eg]/ ul/Psf] k|rf/df klg s'g} ;Totf gePsf] k|zfGt atfpg' x'G5 . k|zfGtsf cg';f/ /fgLr'/Lsf] yfx/Ldf & hgf dfcf]jfbLsf] xTof ul/of] eGg] ;dfrf/ klg e'm¶f xf] . To;}u/L atf;] eGg] 7fp"df 3f"; sf6\g hfg] dlxnfsf] xTof u/L dfcf]jfbLsf] xTof ul/of] eg] e'm¶f  k|rf/ ul/of] . zfxL ;]gfn] cfkm'tkm{ ePsf] Ifltsf] ljj/0f klg n'sfpg] u/]sf] 5 . dfO:yfgdf zfxL ;]gfsf] x]le6«s w/fkdf kbf{ % ;]gfsf] d[To' x'gfsf] ;fy} @ bh{g 3fOt] ePsf lyP, t/ Tof] ;dfrf/ k'/} n'sfOof] . To:t} sflt{s !! df l;Gw'nL eLdfg aLrdf sNof0fL dlGb/df @ zfxL ;]gf / dl/g bdf/sf] eL8Gtdf ! zfxL ;]gf dfl/Psf] 36gf klg n'sfOof] . /fgLjf;df # zfxL ;]gf / $ ;z:q k|x/L dfl/Psf]df # dfq dfl/Psf] atfOof] .

    l;Gw'nLdf hg;Qf nf]slk|o eO/x"bf k'/fgf] ;Qf yk lj36gsf] lbzfdf cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . o;} qmddf dfcf]jfbLåf/f xfn} If]qJofkL?kdf ;~rflnt …k'ik hgk|lt/f]w cleofgÚ l;Gw'nLdf ;fgbf/ ?kdf ;~rfng eof] . To:t} dfcf]jfbLn] lhNnfsf ( j6} Pl/ofdf kf6L{ / hg;Qfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] nflu k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . …PSsfO;f}+ ztfJbLsf] hgjfb / k|r08kyaf/]Ú xfn} lhNnf :t/Lo uf]i7L ;d]t ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . dx]Gb|emf8L / nfDkf6f/df cfof]lht tL uf]i7Lx?df ljleGg /fhg}lts bnsf g]tf, j'l4hLjL, lzIfs, kqsf/ / :jtGq JolQmTjx?sf] ;xefuLtf lyof] . uf]i7Ldf dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf OGrfh{ ljho / nfDkf6f/df lhNnf ;]qm]6/L k|zfGtn] kf6L{sf gLltx?af/] k|sfz kfg'{ ePsf] lyof] .

esf/L kmf]/ / hldg sAhf cleofg tLj| agfOg]

    slknj:t' -u'uf}nL_÷ clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf] If]qLo e]nf eJo / ;fgbf/ ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . ;+3sf If]qLo ;+of]hs t]hdfg 3tL{sf] cWoIftf / dlg/fd rf}w/Lsf] ;~rfngdf cufl8 a9]sf] ;f] If]qLo e]nfsf] pb\3f6g ut kmfu'g !* ut] slknj:t' lhNnfsf] u'uf}nL uf=h=;=df lbgsf] l7s #M#) ah] g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ tyf clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf s=lzj/fh uf}tdn] vrfvr el/Psf] xndf tfnLsf] u8\u8fx6df ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf ljleGg lhNnfaf6 nfdf] k}bn ofqf u/L cfpg' ePsf k|ltlglw, ko{j]Ifs cltly kqsf/, snfsf/ / :yfgLo xhf/f}+ hgtfsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . k|yd z]ifgsf] pb\3f6g ;qnfO{ ;+jf]wg ub}{ ls;fg g]tf s= uf}tdn] eGg'eof]– æsd/]8? oxf" d efif0f ug{eGbf klg tkfO{x?af6 s]xL l;Sg kfp"nf eg]/ cfPsf] x'" . clxn] d a'9f af cfdfx?;"u l;Sg cfPsf] b]v]/ oxf"x?nfO{ crDd nfUg ;S5 . t/, oxf" x}/fgL x'g' kg]{ s]xL 5}g, d ;"u Pp6f cg'ej 5, oxf"x?;+u Pp6f cg'ej 5, xfdL oxf" cfkm\gf cg'ej ;f6f;f6 ug{ cfPsf xf}+ Æ. g]tf uf}tdn] eGg'eof]–(% k|ltzt ls;fgx?sf] afx'Notf /x]sf] g]kfnL ls;fgx? 7luPsf 5g\ . xfdL 7luPsf 5f}+ . To;}n] xfdL xfd|f] d'Vo b'Zdgsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ul//x]sf 5f}+ . g]kfndf %) b]lv ^) nfv ls;fgx? e"ldlxg /x]sf] atfpb} g]tf uf}tdn] e"ldxLg dhb'/ ls;fgnfO{ p;sf] e"ldlbnfpg cfkm\gf] ;+3n] s[lif{ qmflGtsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ d'¶Le/ e'–dflkmof, v'+vf/ ;fdGt / hldGbf/x?sf] …esf/L kmf]/Ú / hldg sAhf cleofg nfO{ tLa| agfO/x]sf] atfpg' eof] .

    sDo'lgi6x? lx+;fnfO{ slxNo} klg cfbz{ gdfGg] atfpb} uf}tdn] $@ k|ltzt /fhZj e'ldaf6 dfq ;+sng x'g] d'n's g]kfndf s[ifsx?sf] k|wfg b'Zdg g]kfnL ;fdGtjfbsf] ;/bf/ gf/fo0flx6Lsf] cGofok"0f{ o'4sf] lj?4 Gofok"0f{ o'4sf] af6f] /f]h]sf] / ToxLg} g]kfnL dhb'/ ls;fgsf] d'lQmsf] af6f] ePsf] atfpg' eof] . g]kfndf s[lif cfGbf]ngsf] rrf{ ub}{ g]tf uf}tdn] )& ;fnb]lv ls;fg cfGbf]ng Ps jf csf]{ k|sf/n] cufl8 al9/x]sf] ePtfklg To; k|sf/sf cfGbf]ngx?df vf;u/L ;'wf/jfbL, ;+;f]wgjfbL / blIf0fkGyL cj;/jfbL ljrf/ xflj ePsfn] cfd"n qmflGtsf/L kl/jt{g dhb'/ ls;fgsf] hLjgdf cfpg g;s]sf] atfpg' eof] . ls;fg df]rf{sf] If]qLo e]nf ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf lbg sfo{qmddf pkl:yt x'g' ePsf csf{ cltly aQmf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=k|ltsn] oxf";Dd cfpbf g]kfnL hgo'4sf] Hjf/ef6fn] ljZj k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf] sDkfp08df e'sDk NofOlbPsf] 5 eGg' eof] . s=k|tLsn] æju{ ;+3if{ / ju{o'4sf] bf}/fgdf xfdLn] h'g >]i7tf xfl;n u/]sf 5f}+, To;n] g]kfnL ;fdGtjfb / ljZj k'"hLjfbn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] ;Dk"0f{ hu xNnfO{ lbPsf] 5Ú eGg'eof] .

    dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf slknj:t' lhNnf hg;/sf/sf pkk|d'v /fdnf}6g ltjf/L, clvn g]kfn /fli6«o a'l4hLjL ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj sf]dn a/fn, yf?jfg k|b]zsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf Pj+ yf?jfg k|ltlgl3 ;efsf ;f+;b s'j]/ jnL, lhNnf hg;sf/ k|d'v Ko'7fgsf gj/fh clwsf/L, If]qLo lzIff ljefusf k|d'v s=;+bLk, yf?jfg /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ slknj:t'sf cWoIf s=hf]vg yf?, lhNnf hg;/sf/ slknj:t'sf ;/sf/ k|d'v s=jfnf yfkf, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ slknj:t'sf ;]qm]6/L s=ljGb' cflbn] z'esfdgf dGtAo lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] bf]>f] lbg ;+3sf If]qLo ;ldltsf cWoIfx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] lhNnfsf] l/kf]l6Ë k|:t't ug'{eof] . k|:t't l/kf]l6{Ësf] d"NofÍg kl5 l;=l;=Pd=s= ljB't, s=k|tLs, ls;fg cWoIf s=lzj/fh uf}td, ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj a'l4k|;fb zdf{, cfbLn] /fli6«o kl/l:ylt, cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt / cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] cfdut kl/l:ylt, / ;+3sf] eflj gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;DaGwdf k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] lyof] .

    sfo{qmdsf] t]>f] r/0fdf ;dfkg ;df/f]x cToGt} ;fgbf/ ?kdf cufl8 a9\of]–IF]qLo ;+of]hs s=t]hdfg 3tL{sf] cWoIftfdf cufl8 a9]sf] ;dfkg ;df/f]xsf] ;+rfng s=g/]Gb|axfb'/ a'9fn] ug'{ eof] eg] pkl:yt hg;d'bfonfO{ If]qLo ;b:o nIdL a'9fn] :jfut ug'{eof] . xhf/f}+ hg;d'bfonfO{ ;+jf]wg ub}{ s]Gb|Lo cWoIf s=lzj/fh uf}tdn] eGg'eof]–æxfdL g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ d'Qm ug{ rfxfG5f}+ .Æ æxfdL g]kfnL wlt{df a:g] b'O s/f]8 rfln; nfv dhb'/ ls;fgx?nfO{ b]zsf d'¶Le/ dfl;gx?n] ef]s} df/]sf 5g\ .Æ To;sf/0f g]kfnL ls;fgx?n] aGb's ;dfpg' k/]sf] 5 . xfdLn] af/Djf/ cfGbf]ng u¥of}+ )& ;fn b]lv )!@ ;fn ;Dd, )!# ;fnb]lv )#^ ;Dd, )#& ;fnb]lv )$^ ;fn ;Dd, )$^ ;fn b]lv )%! ;Dd To;k|sf/sf] j}rfl/s ;+3if{n] o; k'/fgf] ;Qfn] ;'g]gg\, To;sf/0f o;nfO{ xfdLn] 7f]Sg k/]sf] xf] . n¶L, aGb's / ;]gfsf] cf8df xfdLdfly bdg ug]{ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] lrxfg vGgsf lglDt aGb's p7fpg' k/]sf] xf] .

    ;dfkg ;df/f]xdf dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQmdf]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf slknj:t' lhNnfsf hg;/sf/ pkk|d'v /fdnf}6g ltjf/Ln] eGg'eof]– æg]kfnL hgtf cToGt} axfb'/L k"j{s n8]sf] Oltxf;sf] rrf{ ub}{ g]kfnL hgtfn] Psk6s km]l/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] k|wfg zq' zfxj+lzo /fhtGqsf] k|ltufdL lj/f;tsf lj?4 Ps l9Ssf eP/ n8\g' kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ eof] . xfd|f] g]tf tyf dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf Pj+ dw]z :jfoQ k|b]z k|ltlglw ;efsf k|d'v dft[sfk|;fb ofbjnfO{ lj:tf/jfbL ef/tn] lu/km\tf/ u/L hgxTof/f] 1fg]Gb|nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/L cfkm\gf] lj:tf/jfbL c;nL d's'08f] b]vfPsf] atfp"b} ef/t k|lt cfqmf]z JoQm ug'{eof] . ;dfkg ;df/f]xdf ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb\ g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o xl/eQm s"8]nn] eGg'eof]– æk|lts[ofjfbL zfifs ju{n] g]kfnL hgtfn] p7fPsf hfohk"0f{ dfux?nfO{ ;+uLgn] bjfpg yfn]kl5 ;+uLgsf] hjfj ;+uLgn] lbg'k/]sf] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf  lhNnfsf bzf}+ xhf/ ls;fgx?sf] pkl:yly lyof] . –gf/fo0f vgfn

hg;]gfåf/f elnjn k|ltof]lutf

  hfh/sf]6 -:ofqmL_÷ ut kmfNu'g !! ut] bf]>f] lj|u]8 :t/Lo hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf ;]S;g sdf08/b]lv dflyNnf] ;b:onfO{ b'O gDa/ ;}Go Ao'/f] OGrfh{ s= p4jn] k|lzIf0f lbg'eof] . cGt/lj/f]wsf] ;xL kl/rfng ub}{ k|ltcfqmd0fsf] tof/Lsf] lglDt ;Dk"0f{ zlQm s]Gb|Lt u/f}+ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ;+rflnt sfo{qmddf kfrf}+ j6flnog sld;f/ s= lbks, cf/=la=Pd=, s= kf/;d0fL, lj|u]8 eL=;L= s= of]4fn] dGtjo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . la=Pg= sdf08/ s= ;f}uft, s= ljzfn / sDkgL sld;f/ s= cfefif l;+x, s= lbg]z, s= bfdf]b/sf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . kmf]y{ lj=Pg sld;f/ k|ltssf] ;efkltTjdf ;f] sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] .

  ;f] sfo{qmd l;l4Psf] nuQ} kmfNu'g !# ut] kfrf}+ j6flnogsf] cfof]hgfdf ul/Psf] elnjn k|ltof]lutfdf kfrf}+ j6flnog l; sDkgL kmi6, 5f}7f}+ j6flnog sfof{no ;]s]08 / kfrf}+ j6flnog la sDkgL y8{ ePsf] lyof] . ljh]tfx?nfO{ cfof]hssf] tkm{af6 kfrf}+ la=Pg= sld;f/ s= lbksn] k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] j6flnog sdf08/ s= ;f}uftn] clj/j/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . elnjn k|ltof]lutf ljxfg !) b]lv j]n'sL % ;Dd ;+rfng ePsf] lyof] . –gjlszf]/ Pg=kL

lzIfsx? cGt/lqmofdf ;lqmo

    sflnsf]6 -d]xnd'8L_ ÷clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g ;]tL dxfsfnL IF]qLo ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf sflnsf]6 lhNnfdf lzIfsx?sf] cGt/s[of ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm cGt/s[ofsf] ljifoj:t' æ@!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] r]tgf, dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08yåf/f dfu{ lgb]{lzt lzIffÆ /x]sf] lyof] . ;f] cGt/s[of sfo{qmddf sflnsf]6 lhNnfsf s/La $) ljBfnosf !%) hgf lzIfsx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

    hg ;Qfx? ;~rfng ul/Psf 7fp"x?df /fHo;Qfåf/f ;~rfng ul/g], /fhgLlts, ;f+u7lgs, ;f+:s[lts, ;fdflhs ljsf; lgdf{0fsf ;fy ;fy} lzIff If]qnfO{ klg gof" ;Qf;"u uf";]/ n}hfg] p2]Zon] ;f] cGt/s[of /flvPsf] s'/f clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;]tL dxfsfnL IF]qLo ;+of]hs s= ljb|f]xLn] atfpg' eof] . @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf lzIffnfO{ pTkfbg d"ns tyf Jofjxfl/s lzIff gLlt nfu' ug{sf nflu lzIfsx?af6 /fo ;Nnfx / ;'emfjx? lng tyf dfS;{jfbL lzIff k|0ffnLsf] cjwf/0ff /fVg ;f] cGt/s[of cof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] .

    ;f] cGt/s[of sfo{qmddf @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] r]tgf, dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kyn] lgb]{lzt lzIffsf] cjwf/0ffaf/] k|lzIf0f lb+b} sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly tyf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=;'bz{gn] ;fdGtjfbL / ;fd|fHojfbL lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{ lj:tflkt ug{ dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] lzIffsf] cjwf/0ffsf af/]df JofVof ug'{eof] . pxf" k'/fgf] lzIff k|f0ffnL z}lIfs a]/f]huf/ pTkfbg ug]{ cJojxfl/s lzIff ePsf] s'/f atfpb} >d;+u hf]l8Psf] ;fdflhs pTkfbgdf cfwfl/t lzIff agfpg' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . pxf"n] :jf:Yo / hful/nf] hgzlQm agfpgsf] nflu kmf}hL lzIffdf -zf/L/Ls Jofofd_hf]8 lbg'kg]{ s'/f atfpg' eof] . To;}u/L pxf"n] ax'–k|fljlws lzIff cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf] s'/f atfpb} 8S6/, OlGhlgo/, s[lif{ ljz]if1, kz' ljz]if1, lzIff ljb\, cy{ljb, jlsn, kqsf/, GofowLz / /fhgLlt1 x/ If]qdf ljz]if1x?sf] hgzlQm pTkfbg ug'{ kg]{ cfjZos ePsf] ljrf/ JoQm ug'{ eof] . pxf"n] o'4sfnLg kl/l:yltdf :s'n, SofDk;x?sf] e"ldsfsf] JofVof ub}{ hgjfbL lzIffsf] ;do / kf7\oqmd 5f]6f] x'g'kg]{ ljrf/ AoQm ug'{ eof] . cGt/s[of sfo{qmddf af]Nb} d]xnd'8L df=lj=sf lzIfs zf]e/fh adn] ljBfyL{, eljiosf s0f{wf/ ePsf] s'/f atfpb} lzIfs eg]sf c"Wof/f]af6 pHofnf]lt/ n}hfg] JolQm xf] eGg'eof] . To;}u/L l;pgf df=lj=sf lzIfs dl0f a/fnn] cfkm'nfO{ w]/} h;f] s'/fx? lrQ a'em]sf] / s]xL s'/fx? ljBfyL{x?sf] glthfdf x|f; cfPsf]n] To;nfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ kf6L{, ;Qf, lzIfs, ljBfyL{ / cljefjs ;a}sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ x'g' kg]{ s'/f atfpb} of] cGt/s[ofn] cfkm"nfO{ gof" phf{ k|bfg u/]sf] s'/f atfpg' eof] .

    sfo{qmddf ;xefuL csf{ lzIfs bfxfnk|;fb uf}tdn] qmflGt Pp6f af9L ePsf] s'/f atfpb} qmflGt zflGtsf nflu x'G5 eGg'eof] . o;}u/L 1fgf]bo df=lj= /f:dfsf]6sf lzIfs cd[t s'df/ b]jsf]6fn] a'h'{jf lzIffnfO{ Jojxfl/s lzIffdf n}hfg ;a}sf] e"ldsf /x]g] s'/f atfpg' eof] . To;}u/L >L gd'gf k|sfz hgjfbL df=lj=sf lzIfs ljdnn] lzIff klg /fhgLlt eGbf 5'§} x'g g;Sg] s'/f /fVb} hgjfbL lzIffåf/f gof" ;Qfsf :s'nx? gd'gfsf] ?kdf agfpg' kg]{ s'/f atfpg' eof] . cGTodf cGt/s[ofdf p7]sf k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm k|d'v cltly s=;'bz{gn] lbg'ePsf] lyof] . To;}u/L c/ljGb / ljb|f]xLn] klg sfo{qmddf p7]sf k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf r'nL hg;f+:s[lts ;}Go sDkgLåf/f :jfut uLtsf ;fy} ;f+:s[lts k|:t'ltn] sfo{qmdnfO{ /f]rstf k|bfg u/]sf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj s= dx]zn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng oyfy{åf/f ul/Psf] lyof] eg] pkl:yt ;a}nfO{ :jfut efif0f :jfledfgåf/f ul/Psf] lyof] . @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf gof" r]tgfsf] ljsf; ug{ tyf lzIffnfO{ Aofjxfl/s, /f]huf/ d'ns / cfTdlge{/ x'g hgjfbL lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{ k|r08kyLo dfGotfsf] cfwf/df nfu' ug'{ kg]{ s'/fsf] ckl/xfo{tfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug'{ kg]{ lgrf]8 lgsfNb} sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] .

:d[lt lbj;df ;lxb kl/jf/sf]] clegGbg

   hfh/sf]6÷ zf]if0f, bdg, cGofo  / cTofrf/sf] lj/f]w ug]{ qmddf kmfl;i6 tfgfzfxLx?åf/f r/d oftgf lb+b} xTof ul/Psf nvg yfkfb]lv emfkf ljb|f]xsf] qmddf ;'vfgLsf] h+undf xTof ul/Psf / hgo'4sf] z'?jftsf lbgkl5 xTof ul/Psf hgo'4sf klxnf ;lxb !$ aif]{ afns lbnaxfb'/ /Dt]nnufot g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ j}slNks kf]ln6Jo'/f] ;b:o ;'/]z jfUn];lxtsf 1ft c1ft ;lxbx?sf] ;Demgfdf b'O{ gDj/ If]qLo ;}Go Jo'/f]n] kmfNu'g !$ ut] ;lxb ;Ktfxsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] 5 . hfh/sf]6 6fn]6fp ufh; th'dfpdf ;lxb v8\saxfb'/ rnfpg]sf] gfdaf6 v8\s pBfgsf] pb\3f6g klg ;f] cj;/df ul/Psf] lyof] .

   g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf b'O{ gDa/ ;}Go OGrfh{ s= påjn] ;lxb :d[lt lbj; ;efsf] ;efkltTj ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . kfrf}+ j6flnog sld;f/ s=bLksn] sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f]if0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf pkl:yt ;Dk"0f{ cltly tyf ;lxb kl/jf/hgx?sf] cfzg u|x0fkZrft\ ;lxbx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{ Ps ldg]6 df}gwf/0f ulPsf] lyof] . kmf]6f]df dfNofk{0f ub}{ OGrfh{ s= påjn] eGg'eof]–…qmflGtaf6 ljrng cfP/ b'Zdgsf] z/0fdf kg]{ u2f/x?sf] lj?4 j}rfl/s?kdf cfqmd0f ug{ ;lxb kl/jf/hgx? / cfd hg;d'bfo Psh'6 eP/ blIf0fkGyL cfTd;'/Iffjfbsf lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ zlQm nufp"b}+ qmflGtsf] r'nLdf k'Ug cfjZos 5 .Ú

   sfo{qmdsf] csf]{ r/0fdf 6fn]ufp" uf=h=;= sf] :oflqmdf @)## df hlGdg' ePsf v8\saxfb'/ rnfpg] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf 8L;LPd x'g'x'GYof]nfO{ :yfgLo ;'/fsLsf] sf/0f k|x/Låf/f @)%% ;fndf cfkm\gf] sfo{If]qdf lxl8/x]sf] a]nf khf?sf] 8f"8fufp"df lu/km\tf/ u/L h+undf nlu r/d oftgf lbP/ xTof u/]sf] lyof] . b]z}el/sf ;lxbx?sf] :d[ltdf s=t]h -v8\saxfb'/ rnfpg]_sf] gfdaf6 gfdfs/0f u/L OGrfh{ s=påjn] v8\s :d[lt pBfgsf] nflu 5'6\ofPsf] hldgdf ljleGg kmnkm'nsf jf]6lj?jf /f]kL pb\3f6g ug{'ePsf] lyof] . pQm au}+rfdf cfufdL lbgx?df ;of}+ kmn km'nsf lj?jf /f]Kg] nIo /x]sf] 5 . lj?jf /f]k0f ul/;s]kl5 >4f~hnL dGtJo ;lxb kl/jf/sf] tkm{af6 ;lxb s= bf?gsL >LdtL cDjLsf cfrfo{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . dGtJodf pxf"n] eGg'eof]–…klxnf klxnf ;lxb ePsf] a]nf lg/fz klg nfUYof] . /ut TolQs} v]/ uof] ls eGg] nfUYof] . clxn] cfGbf]ng a'em\b} hf"bf d ;lxb kl/jf/ aGg kfPsf]df c;fWo} uj{ dx;'; u/]sL 5' . ;lxbn] lnPsf] af6f]df Ps yf]kf /ut /x'~h]n nflu/xg] g} 5' . Gofo dfUg]sf] 5ftLdf ;+uLg /f]lkP klg Gofosf] ljho cjZo g} x'g]5 .Ú >4f~hnL dGtAo lbg]x?df krf}+ j6flnog sdf08/ s= ;f}uft, cf/=aL=Pd= s= kf/;dl0f, 5}7f}+ aL=Pg= sld;f/ s= ;Gb]z, aL=Pg= sdf08/ s= sNof0f, lj|u]8 eL=;L= s= of]4f, sDkgL sld;f/ s= ;}n]Gb| klg /xg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf sljx?åf/f sljtf jfrg ul/Psf] lyof] . –gjlszf]/ Pg= kL=

x'Dnfdf :jfoQ k|b]z hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff ;ef

   x'Dnf÷ ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb\ g]kfn cGt/ut e]/L–s0ff{nL IF]qLo :jfoQ k|b]z hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff ut kmfu'g–$ ut] Pl/of g+ $ sf] ;s]{uf8df ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . x'Dnf lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v l5l/ªbdb'n nfdfsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly tyf e]=s= :jfoQ k|b]zsf ;b:o uh]Gb| dxtn] eGg'eof]– nfdf] ;do b]lv e]/L s0ff{nLsf zf]lift kLl8t hgtfsf] Tofu, tk:of / jlnbfgLsf] kmn:j?k gof" hgjfbL ;Qfsf dflns aGg ;kmn ePsf xf}+ . ca s]Gb|Lo hgjfbL ;Qf sAhf ug{ x'Dnf dfq xf]Og gf/fo0fxL6L 3]g{ hfg'k5{ . ;f] sfo{qmddf x'Dnf lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf If]qLo Ao'/f] ;b:o s= ;'zLn, lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= cfzfs/, s= lj/f6, hgldlnl;of x]8Sjf6{/ OGrfh{ s= lxtdfg, ;lrjfno ;b:o s= clgn / x'Dnf lhNnf el/sf ;lxb kl/jf/hgx?n] cltlysf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf e]=s= :jfoQ k|b]z ;b:o tyf nfdf d'lQm df]rf{ ;+of]hs ;'gfd UofNhg nfdfn] :jfut ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

   sfo{qmdsf] aLraLrdf lxdfnL hg;f":s[lts kl/jf/n] /f]rs uLt tyf g[To k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . nfdf d'lQm df]rf{af6 cfkm\g} efiff z}nLdf cfwfl/t :ofS/f] gf"r tyf blnt d'lQm df]rf{af6 x'8\s] gfr k|bz{g ul/Psf] lyof] . 7fp"–7fp"af6 jfhf, ufhf, gf/f ;lxt h'n';df cfPsf hgtfn] x"l;of, aGr/f, n¶L h:tf 3/]n' xltof/ af]s]sf lyP . –k|rf/ x'DnL–

zfxL;]gfåf/f aGbLsf] /x:odo xTof

   u'NdL÷ut kmfu'g !$ ut] u'NdLsf] cv{n] ufh;l:yt dl;gf kf]v/Lsf] h+undf lzjbn u'Nd wfluy'd Aof/]saf6 lg:s]sf] zfxL ;]gfsf] hTyfn] Ps aGbLsf] sfo/tfk"j{s xTof u/]sf] 5 . cToGt} /x:odo 9+un] ul/Psf] pQm xTofsf] ljifodf …tD3f; Onfsfdf lu|g]8 k|xf/ ug{ vf]Hg] Pshgf dfcf]jfbL le8Gtdf dfl/Psf]Ú egL k|rf/ ul/P tfklg oyfy{ To:tf] g/x]sf] Pj+ Jof/]sdf aGbL agfOPsf JolQmnfO{ h+undf nu]/ xTof u/]sf] s'/f a'lemg cfPsf] 5 .                     dfl/g] JolQm sf] x'g\ < /, sxf"sf x'g\ < eGg] ljifodf zfxL ;]gfn] n'sfpg vf]h] tfklg tL JolQm :ofª\hf lx/f;taf6 NofOPsf DofUbLsf kl/of/ y/sf ePsf] s'/f aflx/ cfPsf] 5 . 36gfsf] ljifodf :yfgLo hgtf;"u a'em\bf pgLx?n] !$ ut] ljxfg zfxL ;]gfn] Ps hgf JolQmnfO{ h+undf nu]kZrft\ Toxf" tLg kmfo/ uf]nLsf] cfjfh cfPsf] atfp"5g\ . –lszf]/ kGyL  

/fhg}lts k|lzIf0f lzlj/ ;DkGg

   u'NdL÷ xfn} u'NdL lhNnfsf] * g+= Onfsfdf k"j{ If]qLo /fhg}lts k|lzIf0f lzlj/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ u'NdLsf ;lrjfno ;b:o s= lzlz/sf] ;efkltTj / lhNnf ;b:o s= k|j]zsf] ;+rfngdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf lhNnf OGrfh{ s= k|Hhjng / cltlyx? g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ u'NdLsf ;x–OGrfh{ s=kf/zdl0f Pj+ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s lhth+un] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . hg;}Go cleofg nufotsf ljljw ljifodf ;+rflnt pQm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf &, *,(,!) / !! g+= Onfsfsf sd/]8x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf s= ;[hgfåf/f ;s'{n/ jfrg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] :jfut dGtJo lhNnf ;b:o s= ljqmdn] lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

   To;}u/L u'NdLsf] klZrdL If]qsf] 5fkflxn] ufh;df klg xfn} klZrdL If]q :tl/o k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . lhNnf ! b]lv ^ g+ ;Ddsf ;a} Onfsfx? ;lDdlnt pQm /fhg}lts k|lzIf0f lzlj/sf] ;+rfng lhNnf ;b:o s= ljZjf;n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] ;efkltTj s=;f}efUon] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . s= Hjfnfn] :jfut dGtJo lbg'ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ u'NdLsf lhNnf OGrfh{ s= k|HHjng / cltlyx? g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ u'NdLsf ;x–OGrfh{ s= kf/;d0fL, If]qLo ;b:o s= jt{dfg, @) g+= j6flnog ;xfos sdf08/ s= ;'/]z Pj+ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= lhth+u nufotsf JolQmx?n] k|lzif0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . b'j} k|lzIf0fx?n] ljz]if hgz}Go cleofgnfO{ tn;Dd k'¥ofPsf] Pj+ ju{;+3if{nfO{ p7fpg ;'b[9 Pstf k}bf ug{ ;kmn ePsf] s'/f atfOPsf] 5 .           To;}u/L xfn} u'NdLsf k"jL{ If]qx? Pj+ klZrdsf 5fkflxn] / xf8xf8]df g]tf–sfo{stf{ kl/jf/ cGt/lqmof, e]63f6 tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . 5fkrf}/ / !! g+= Onfsfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]]jfbL_ u'NdLsf ;x–OGrfh{ s= kf/;dl0f / If]qLo ;b:o s= jt{dfgsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] eg] xf8xfn] / 5fklxn]sf] sfo{qmddf qmdzM lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= lhth+u / lhNnf OGrfh{ s= k|Hhjng ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof] .

;lxb kl/jf/x?sf] lhNnf:t/Lo cGt/s[of

   nfns'~h -df]8]n_÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ e]/L–s0ff{nL If]q cGtu{t df]8]n lhNnfdf ;lxb ;Ktfxs} aLr ut kmfNu'g !% ut] ljz]if Pl/ofdf cGt/lqmof ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . df]8]nsf !) j6f Pl/ofaf6 ;lxb kl/jf/, aGbL kl/jf/ u/L s/La $% hgfsf] ;xeflutfdf / cltly df]8]n OGrfh{ s= hLjg, sDkgL …PÚ sld;f/ s=cfefif, cf/=aL Pd s=;kgfsf] pkl:yltdf ;f] sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . dxfg\ ;lxbx?sf] ;Demgf ub}{ pxf"n] b]vfPsf] af6f] / lnPsf] p2]ZonfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ zf]snfO{ zlQmdf abNg] clGtd s;d ;xefuLn] vfPsf lyP .                    o;}u/L cGt/lqmofdf af]Nb} ;lxb g/]; kl/of/ -ljdz{_sL cfdfn] …d]/f] 5f]/f g/];n] qmflGtsf] lglDt alnbfg u¥of] . To:tf] axfb'/ 5f]/f hGdfPsf]df uf}/jflGjt ePsf] 5'Ú eGg' eof] . ;lxb nf]tf 3tL{sL >LdtL ek|snf 3tL{n] …d]/f] >Ldfgsf] xTofsf] abnf lng ;a} 5f]/f 5f]/L o'4df k7fPsL 5' . /utn] NofPsf] ;Qf b]Vg kfPsf]df v';L 5'Ú eGg'eof] . o;}u/L ;lxb ch'{g /fgfsL cfdfn] xfdLn] s:tf] d[To' /f]Hg] eGg] ;f]Rg' k5{ eGg'eof] .

   o;}u/L ;lxb OGb| 3tL{sf a'jfn] pd]/n] a'9f] eOof] gq aGb's ;dft]/ o'4df hfg] lyP eGg'eof] . b'Zdgsf] sfnsf]7/Ldf ^ aif{;Dd h]n hLjg ljtfPsf bnaxfb'/ l;+x eG5g\– …d nfdf] ;do;Dd h]ndf a;] t/ dnfO{ lg/f;f k6Ss} cfPg cfqmf]lzt g} eO/xGy] . ljBfyL{ ;lxb /fdaxfb'/ rGbsf] a'jf hgsaxfb'/ rGbn] qmflGt /utn] /lËPsf]n] 5f]/fn] /ut aufof] . cfjZos k/] d klg alnbfg xf";L v';L lbg tof/ 5'Ú eGg'eof] . o;}u/L ;lxb kbd /f]sfosf] a'jf eGg'x'G5– …d]/f] 5f]/f kbdnfO{ dfb}{df d lg/fzf 5}g dnfO{ cfqmf]z 5 . h'Dnf cfqmd0fsf] a]nf xTof/fx?sf nf; b]Vbf abnf lnPsf] h:tf] nfUof]Ú eGg'eof] . cGtdf ;lxb kl/jf/nfO{ ;Djf]wg ub}{ s= hLjgn] dxfg\ ;lxbx?sf] /ut / nfvf}+ hgtfsf] k;Lgfn] cfh cfkm\g} hg;Qf :yfkgf ug{ ;kmn ePsf] atfpg' eof] .

>4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg

   af"s]÷ zfxL cd]l/sg ;]gfsf hNnfbx?n] af"s] cGtu{t ags6'jfsf] k]8f/Ldf lgz:q cj:yfdf ut kmfu'g & ut] xTof ul/Psf af"s] lhNnfsf kf6L{ 8L=;L=Pd= åo s= clht / s= lbk]Gb|, To;}u/L e]s If]qLo ;~rf/ kf]i6 OGrfh{ s= ljqmd, ;b:o s= k|sfz, l8 jg ;KnfO{ bn ;b:o s= k|eft / pkrf/fy{ Toxf" k'u]sf ;}Go ;b:oåo s= s]zj / s= lbg]zsf] ;Demgfy{ ;lxb ;Ktfxs} qmddf >4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

   ut kmfu'g @) ut] e]s If]qLo ;+rf/ kf]i6 g+= # df Jofks hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf ;f] ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . kf]i6sf OGrfh{ s= u08sLsf] cWoIftf, rf}yf] la=Pg= Pr=So'sf s= ;'bz{gsf] k|d'v cfltYo tyf l8 ly| ;KnfO{ bn sdf08/ s= ljZjf;sf] ;+rfngdf >4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;'bz{g / csf{ jQmf cg's"nn] dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L ;xefuL hg;d'bfon] slyt zfxL hNnfbnfO{ ;/fKb} ;lxbx?sf tl:j/df clj/ nufO lbPsf lyP .

clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ åf/f cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd

   u'NdL÷ ut kmfu'g @) ut] u'NdL lhNnfsf] l;dn6f/L l:yt dflnsf pRr df=lj= df clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ u''NdLåf/f æcfwf/ If]qdf hgjfbL lzIffsf] k|of]u / ljsf;Æ ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . u'NdLsf klZrdL If]qsf k|f=lj, lg=df=lj=, df=lj= / pRr df=lj=sf sl/a !%) hgf lzIfs k|ltlglw / Joj:yfkg ;ldlt cWoIfx? ;lDdlnt pQm cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd tf/f lh=;L sf] ;+rfng / clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ u'NdLsf lhNnf ;+of]hs e"kfn kf]v/]nsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ u'NdLsf lhNnf OGrfh{ s= k|HHjngsf] k|d'v cfltYo / lhNnf ;b:ox? s= zf}efUo, uf}/j, /];'Ëf hgd'lQm ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/sf cWoIf s=czf]s yfkf, cvf{jfª df=lj sf k|=c=nId0f cof{n, w'/f lgdfljsf lzIfs ef]h/fh e08f/L, k[YjL pRr df=lj=Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf sf;Ljxfb'/ jf]x/f, ch]{ pRr df=lj=/ b]p/fnL k|f=lj=sf lzIfsx?sf] cfltYodf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ch]{ pRr df=lj=sf 6f]dnfn e08f/L, k[YjL pRr df=lj=sf sf;L jf]x/f, l/ofn] df=lj=sf uf]kfn cof{n nufotn] dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

   sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly k|HHjngn] eGg'eof]– k'/fgf] lzIffsf] ljz]iftf eGg' g} lstfjL 1fg / Jojxf/ jLrsf] ulx/f] vf8n xf] . xfdL Tof] vf8nnfO{ k'g{ rfxfG5f} . ;fdGtL ;Qfn] lzIffIf]qnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;Qfsf] gf]s/ pTkfbg ug]{ ynf]sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ rfxfG5 eg] xfdL To;sf] ;6\6fdf lzIff If]qnfO{ hgtfk|lt ;dlk{t x'g] /fi6« lgdf0f{sf ;+jfxs lgdf0f{ ug]{ ynf]sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ rfxfG5f} . sfo{qmddf k|HHjng / e'kfn kf]v|]nn] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ / lzIffsf ;jfndf p7]sf k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm lbg'sf ;fy} /];'ªuf hgd'lQm ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/sf tkm{jf6 uLt / g[Tox? k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf gof" hgjfbL z}lIfs k|0ffnLsf] k|of]u / ljsf;sf] qmddf clvn-qmflGtsf/L_ 4f/f tof/ kf/L nfu' ug{sf] nflu ljBfnodf k7fOPsf] gof" z}lIfs Sofn]08/sf] ljifodf ;d]t j[xb 5nkmn rnfOPsf] lyof] . 

;lxb kl/jf/sf] clegGbg sfo{qmd

   w'sf]{6 -u'NdL_÷ ;lxb ;Ktfxsf] klxnf] lbg u'NdLsf] eGeg] uf=h=;= l:yt lbks df=lj=sf] k|fË0fdf ut kmfNu'g !$ ut] ;lxb kl/jf/ clegGbg ;df/f]x ;of}+ hgtfsf] eJo pkl:yltdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s=dgf]hsf] ;+rfng / s= /]zdsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmd u'NdL lhNnf ;+o'Qm hg;ldlt k|d'v ;'bz{g a/fnsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . c=g]=d=;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ u'NdLsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg ;f] clegGbg ;df/f]xdf k|d'v cltlyåf/f ;lxbåo s=;+3if{ / gj/fhsf j'jf t'naxfb'/ s'"j/, s= lbkssL alxgL /fwf /fx8L, s= /fx'nsL cfdf /fds'df/L g]kfnL, uf]s'n s'dfnsL >LdtL dgL s'dfn, u'dfg l;+x lj=s=sL >LdtL nufotsf ;lxb kl/jf/x?nfO{ clj/ n]kgsf ;fy dfnf nufO{ bf];Nnf cf]9fpg'sf ;fy} pkxf/ ;d]t k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .

   k|d'v cltly ;'bz{g a/fnn] sfo{qmddf dGtAo JoQm ub}{ eGg'eof]– æk|To]s n8fOdf ;lxb ePsf of]4fx?n] n8fO{sf x/]s s7Lg 38Ldf klg kf6L{sf] uf}/jzfnL em08fnfO{ 9Ng glbO{ ljho lzv/;Dd k'¥ofpg] zGb]z xfdLnfO{ lbPsf 5g\ . To;}n] o'4sf] bf}/fgdf xfdLnfO{ ;fyLx?sf] ;xfbt x'"bf b'O{ yf]kf cf";' r'xfpg] ;do klg x'"b}g, c"Wof/f] d'v agfpg] km';{b x'"b}g a? xfdLx? em08f / aGb's p7fpb} b'Zdgsf] lj?4 cufl8 al9/x\of}+ . cfkmGtsf cf";'x? k'5\g gEofPklg Pp6fsf] abnfdf csf]{n] alnbfgL lbO/x\of}+ .Æ

   o;}u/L ;lxb kl/jf/ t'naxfb'/ s'"j/n] ;lxb kl/jf/sf tkm{af6 dGtAo lbb} cfkm\gf 5f]/fx?n] af]s]sf aGb's / em08f nfnof]4fx?n] v:g glbPsf] s'/f pNn]v ug'{sf ;fy} hgtfsf] gof" hgjfbL ;Qf Nofpg] lbzfdf ;a}nfO{ cl3 a9\g cfx\jfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ljz]if hgz}Go cleofgs} qmddf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ u'NdLsf lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ tyf jof]j[4 jfdkGyL g]tf s0f{ j'jf, / c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sL lhNnf pkfWoIf lbns'df/L k'gn] ;d]t ;+jf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] ;lrjfno ;b:o s= Hjfnfn] :jfut dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf cGo cltlyx?df lhNnf ldlnl;of k|d'v s= cd[t, ls;fg k|ltlglw z]/axfb'/ s'"j/, clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf e"kfn kf]v|]n, eGeg] uf=h=;= pkk|d'v gf/fo0fL kGyL, /];'Ëf hgd'lQm ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/sf s= czf]s, l8=l;=Pd= sd/]8x? s= zf}efUo, s= ljZjf;, s= uf}/j x'g'x'GYof] eg] sfo{qmddf /];'Ëf hgd'lQm ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/åf/f k|:t't uLt / g[Ton] cem csif{0f yk]sf] lyof] .

   o;}u/L u'NdL PsLs[t hgk|lt/f]w cleofgsf] zfgbf/ ;kmntf kl5 ljz]if hgz}Go cleofg klg tLj|tfsf ;fy cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . o;}qmddf xfn} u'NdLsf] cvf{jfª uf=h=;=sf] cvf{jfª df=lj= sf] k|fË0fdf ;of}+ hgtf / hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] pkl:yltdf æhgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn, :jfut clegGbg sfo{qmdÆ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s=uf}/jsf] ;+rfng / ! g+ Onfsf OGrfh{ s= Hjfnfsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly u'NdL lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v tyf du/ft /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf s]=;= ;'bz{g a/fnåf/f hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] klZrd l8lehg cGt/ut d+un;]g kmi6 lj|u]8, @) g+= j6flnog …l;Ú sDkgL / :k]zn 6f:s kmf];{nfO{ clj/, dfnf / pkxf/åf/f :jfut clegGbg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf cltlyx?df @) g+= j6flnog sld;f/ s= ;'efif, @) g+= j6flnog eL=;L= s= z'/];, @ g+= Onfsf OGrfh{ s= /]zd, dlxnf k|ltlglw lbns'df/L k'g, …;LÚ sDkgL eL=;L= s= d'lQm, ljBfyL{ k|ltlglw tf/faxb'/ hL=;L=, ls;fg lhNnf cWoIf lj/]Gb| s'"j/, cvf{jfª uf=h=;= k|d'v /f]dfgfy e§/fO{, x\jfª8L uf=h=;= k|d'v dfgl;+x a'9f / cvf{jfª df=lj= sf lzIfs jf;'b]j cof{n x'g'x'GYof] .

   sfo{qmddf ;lxb u'dfg l;+xsL >LdtLnfO{ ;d]t clegGbg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmd …jL/ hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn–lhGbfjfb, ljz]if hgz}Go cleofg ;kmn kf/f}+ †Ú h:tf gf/fjfhLsf ;fy k|f/De ePsf] lyof] . ! g+ Onfsf ;x OGrfh{ s= 1fgaxfb'/ a'9fn] :jfut dGtAo lbg'ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf] …l;Ú sDkgLåf/f cltly tyf hg;d'bfox?nfO{ ;nfd ck{0f ul/Psf] lyof] eg] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sd/]8x?åf/f k|:t't jguf/L g[To / uLt cfsif{0fsf] csf]{ s]Gb|ljGb' ag]sf] lyof] . du/ft /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf /];'Ëf hgd'lQm ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?n] uLt / g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP .

lhNnf ;+o'Qm hg;ldltsf] bf]>f] e]nf ;DkGg

   b'g} -8f]Nkf_÷xfn} 8f]Nkf ;+o'Qm lhNnf hg;ldltsf] bf]>f] e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sflnsf ufh;sf] df=lj=sf] k|fË0fdf ljleGg cfsif{s em08f, Aofg/ Pj+ dxTjk"0f{ pb\uf/x?n] ;lh;hfpm eAo Pj+ zfgbf/ xnleq lh=h=;=k|d'v /fdaxfb'/ af]x/fn] e]nfsf] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . lhNnfsf ;Dk"0f{ ufh;x? Pj+ kf6L{, hj;x?af6 k|ltlglwTj u/fOPsf] ;f] e]nfdf s/La @)) hlt k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ljs6 lxdfnL If]qsf nfdf ;d'bfosf] ;d]t k|ltlglwTj /x]sf] ;f] e]nfdf kf6L{ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= lzv/n] nfdf efiffdf sfo{qmdsf] cf}lrTo / dxTjaf/] k|i6fpg' ePsf] lyof] .

   /fdaxfb'/ af]x/fs} ;efkltTjdf ;~rflnt pQm e]nfsf] ;~rfng g}gk|;fb kxf8Ln] / :jfut dGtJo dfnaxfb'/ /f]sfofn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . e]nf ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf lbg]x?df s= lzv/, s= n]s, s= ;/n, s= kjg, s= cgGt nufot x'g'x'GYof] . pb\3f6g sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgkl5 aGb ;qsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . aGb zqdf /fhg}lts Pj+ gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;DaGwL b:tfj]h kfl/t ug'{sf ;fy} gof" lhNnf sfo{ ;ldltsf] u7g / ;d;fdlos /fhg}lts k|:tfj kfl/t ul/Psf] lyof] . gof" sfo{ ;ldltdf k|d'v g}gk|;fb kxf8L, pk k|d'vdf n]saxfb'/ rnfpg] / ;b:ox?df pld{nf lj=s=, uf]ljGb dxtf/f, uf]/vaxfb'/ lj=s=, 5'OSofk a'9f, bnaxfb'/ kl/of/, bQaxfb'/ /f]sfof, gGbaxfb'/ zfxL, ?b|axfb'/ a'9f, uf}/L a'9f, g/axfb'/ nfdf, gGb a'9fyf]sL, aL/axfb'/ yfkf, / z]/axfb'/ a'9f /x]sf 5g\ . lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx?nfO{ kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] ;ky /fdaxfb'/ af]x/fn] lbnfpg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgdf 8L=;L=P;= s=lzv/, s= cgGt, cflbn] jwfO{ 1fkg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd cjlwe/ ;]–kmf]S;'08f] ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n] cfkm\gf] /f]rs Pj+ cfsif{s uLt g[To k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] .

   o;}u/L csf]{ Ps ;dfrf/ cg';f/ g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf] k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ut kmfu'g !% / !^ ut] b'O{ lbg;Dd lhNnfsf ;a} If]qaf6 Aofks pkl:ylt /x]sf] ;f] ;Dd]ng blnt  If]qLo ;ldlt ;b:o uf]/axfb'/ lj=s=n] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . g}gl;+x lj=s= sf] ;efkltTj / t'naxfb'/ lj=s=n] ;~rfng ug'{ePsf] pQm ;Dd]ngdf kf6L{ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= lzv/, lhNnf ;+o'Qm hg;ldlt k|d'v g}gk|;fb kxf8Ln] ljljw ljifodf k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;f] ;Dd]ngdf z'esfdgf dGtJo lbg]x?df ljBfyL{af6 af3axfb'/ a'9f, dlxnfaf6 gGbf a'9f, ;Ltf a:g]t, lzIfsaf6 clj/fd, ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/sf dgf]h tyf lhh; pkk|d'v nf]saxfb'/ rnfpg] cflb x'g'x'GYof] . ;Dd]ngn] g}gl;+x lj=s=sf] cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo sfo{ ;ldlt klg lgjf{rg u/]sf] lyof] . h;df pkfWoIf t'naxfb'/ lj=s=, ;lrj bnaxfb'/ kl/of/, sf]iffWoIf z+s/ lj=s= / ;b:ox?df dgaxfb'/ ;fsL{, wd{/fh kl/of/, s0f{axfb'/ ;fsL{, s[i0ff lj=s=, dfgaxfb'/ kl/of/, afn] kl/of/, ;k{axfb'/ lj=s= / 7'n] lj=s= /x]sf 5g\ .

o:t} e]nf ;Dd]ng x'g] qmddf lhNnfsf] Pl/of g+= # df kg]{ lns ufh;sf] dx'" ufpdf eJo?kdf hg;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

hg;xsf/L k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg

   8f]Nkf lhNnf df]8]n Pl/of cGt/ut sflnsf uf=h=;=sf] k|fË0fdf ut kmfNu'g dlxgfs} clGtd xKtf ltglbg] hg;xsf/L k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]] 5 . s= n]ssf] ;efkltTj / k|d'v cltly s= ;'bLk zdf{sf] pkl:yltdf ;f] sfo{qmd eJotfsf ;fy ;kmn ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng s= clj/fdn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

   sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f6g k|d'v cltly s= ;'bLk zdf{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} pxf"n] k|lzIf0fsf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ hg;xsf/Ls} dxTjk"0f{ d"n ljifo ;xsf/L eg]sf] s] xf] / ;xsf/Lsf] dxTj lsg rflxG5, ;xsf/L :yfkgf ubf{ d'Vo Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx? s] s] x'g\, ;xsf/L s'g 7fpaf6 / sxf"af6 z'? ePsf] xf] < ;xsf/Lsf d'Vo ljz]iftfx?, ;xsf/L slt lsl;dsf x'G5g\, ;xsf/Lsf j]kmfObfx? / To;sf lgod k4ltx?af/] k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf cltlyx? s= ;+u|fd l;+x, s= k|zfGt, s= lblUjho, s= ;/nf, s= cgGt, s= gu]Gb|, s= cfb]z, s= ljxfgL nufot ;a} sd/]8x?n] cf–cfkm\gf] :yfgaf6 z'esfdgf dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

d'u'df lhNnf hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff

    d'u'÷ e]/L s0ff{nL :jfoQ k|fb]lzs hg;Qf e]s:t/df 3f]if0ff eO;s]kl5 d'u' lhNnfdf klg e]s :jfoQ k|fb]lzs hg;Qf 3f]if0ff ;ef ut kmfu'g & ut] d'u'sf] /ftfkfgL k|fË0fdf xhf/f} hg;d'bfox?sf] aLrdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . e]/L–s0ff{nL :jfoQ k|fb]lzs hg;Qf d'u'df ePsf] lhNnf :t/Lo 3f]if0ffåf/f lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx? qmdzM k|d'v gj/fh wfdL, pkk|d'v dgaxfb'/ /f]sfof, ;b:ox?df uf]s0f{ sfsL{, k|]daxfb'/ ljZjsdf{, k|ltef uf}td, hnaxfb'/ wfdL, chaxfb'/ zfxL, cfgl;Ë sfsL{, /d]zaxfb'/ zfxL, dfgaxfb'/ /f]sfof, dgsnf b]jsf]6f, c+unfn kl/of/, z'slj/ a'9f, rGb|axfb'/ nfdf /xg'ePsf] 5 . e]/L–s0ff{nL :jfoQ k|fb]lzs ;Qfsf ;b:o Pj+ h'Dnf lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v uh]Gb| dxtn] k|fb]lzs hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff Pj+ k|fb]lzs gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

    lhNnf hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff ub}{ k|d'v cltly s=uh]Gb| dxtn] æxfd|f] ;Qf juL{o If]qLo pTkL8gdf k/]sf Gofok|]dL hg;d'bfox?sf] xf] . hg;Qf ;~rfng / ;+/If0fsf] lglDt ;s[o ;xefuL x'g'k5{Æ eGg' ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ e]=s IF]qLo Jo'/f] ;b:o tyf lhNnf g+= ( sf OGrfh{ s=cf6{n] eGg'eof]–…gof" ;Qfsf] /Iff / ljsf;df hgcg'df]lbt ;Qf, hglgolGqt ;]gf / qmflGtsf/L kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] lhDdf ;xL 9+un] k'/fug{ g;s]df ctM ?; / rLgsf] h:tf] k|ltqmflGtsf] l:ylt b]vfk/]df hgtfn] csf]{ qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ lgdf{0f u/]/ cufl8 a9\g ;Sg] r]tgfdf p7\g'k5{Ú

    o;}u/L g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ lhNnf g+= ( sf ;]qm]6/L s= ljd'vn] ;Qf ;~rfng, hg;Qfsf] dxTj / o;sf] /Iff ;DaGwdf :ki6 kfg'{ eof] . o;}u/L c=g]=d=;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ e]=s= IF]qLo ;dGjo ;ldltsf sf]iffWoIf tyf lhNnf ;ldlt d'u' / x'Dnfsf OGrfh{ k|ltef uf}tdn] eGg'eof]– æjuL{o d'lQmljgf dlxnf d'lQm c;Dej 5 . lxhf] ;fdGtL ;Qfn] dlxnfnfO{ /fhgLltdf, ;Qfdf ;xefuL gu/fPsf] / eP klg ;Lldt / b]vfj6L dfqfdf /x]sf] lyof] eg] clxn] gof" ;Qfdf %) k|ltzt dlxnfx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .Æ

    gof" ;Qf lgdf{0f / k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] Wj+;sf] Pp6f gof" vfnsf] p2]ng of] 3f]if0ff sfo{qmdn] k}bf u/]sf] lyof] . cfd hg;d'bfox? ;f":s[lts emf"sL -x'8\s] gfr, v's'/L v]n, bdfxf ahfpg] cflb_ k|b{zg ub}{ sfo{qmd:yndf k'u]sf lyP . hgldlnl;ofx? k|To]sn] xft xftdf wg'ifjf0fx? cfkm\gf] kf]lhzgdf lnP/ kmd{]zgj4 tl/sfn] rf/}lt/af6 ;'/Iff lbO/x]sf lyP . oltdfq} geP/ dlxnf ldlnl;ofx?n] lgwf/df /ftf] skmg af"w]/ hg;d'bfosf] aLrdf hg;'/Iff ;lxt :jod\;]jssf] e"ldsf lgefO/x]sf lyP . hg;Qf 3f]if0ffsf] of] jftfj/0fn] ;a}sf] dfg;k6ndf æPstf g} an xf]Æ eGg] s'/fsf] 5fk kf/]sf] lyof] / qmflGtdf ;fd]n x'g] k|ltj4tf JoQm ul//x]sf lyP .

    3f]if0ff ;efsf] ;efkltTj e]=s= :jfoQ k|fb]lzs hg;Qfsf ;b:o tyf d'u' lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v gj/fh wfdLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;~rfng d'u' hg;Qf ;b:o k|]daxfb'/ lj=s=n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . :jfut efif0f d'u' lh=h=;= pkk|d'v dgaxfb'/ /f]sfon] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} /f/f hgjfbL ;f":s[lts kl/jf/n] :jfut uLtåf/f :jfut ub}{ ljleGg snfx? k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . –;Ltn If]qL

clvn -qmflGtsf/L_åf/f ;fIf/tf cleofg ;~rfng

    sflnsf]6÷ cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ ;dGjo ;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ sflnsf]6, dfNsf]6 uf=h=;=df b'O{ dlxg] hg;fIf/tf cleofg ut kmfu'g ! ut]af6 ;~rfng ePsf] 5 . clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sflnsf]6n] ut df3 @% ut] ;+u7gsf k"j{ cWoIf s= eLQmk|;fb ;+Hofnsf] %cf}+ :d[tL lbj; tyf hg;fIf/tf cleofgsf] pb\3f6g dfNsf]6 uf=h=;=df cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmdaf6 u/]sf] 5 .

sfo{qmddf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ ;]d ;dGjo ;ldlt ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf sflnsf]6 lhNnf cWoIf hutaxfb'/ zfxLn] sfnLsf]6sf] qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngdf ;lxb elQmk|;fb ;+Hofnn] u'g{ePsf] alnbfgsf] rrf{ ub}{ pxf"af6 cfhsf o'jf ljBfyL{n] kf7 l;Sg'kg]{ atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} pxf"n] hg;fIf/tf cleofgsf] p2]Zoaf/] klg :ki6 kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . dfnsf]6 uf=h=;= ;]qm]6/L s= aQLsf] cWoIftf /x]sf] sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sfnLsf]6 lhNnf ;b:o g/]Gb| af]x/fn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

    æclzlIft /xg' ck/fw xf]Æ eGg] s'/fnfO{ gf/fsf ?kd lnO{ of] cleofg xfn dfNsf]6 uf=h=;=df Jofks ?kdf ;+rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . ufp"–ufp"df ;do ldnfP/ ljxfg a]n'sf k|f}9 sIffx? ;+rfng e}/x]sf 5g\ . sIffdf k9\g, n]Vg, lx;fa, gfk tf}n ug{ l;sfpgsf ;fy} /fhg}lts ;f":s[lts r]tgf :jf:Yo ;/;kmfO{ ;DaGwL r]tgf ljsf; u/fpg 5nkmn cGt/lqmofnfO{ hf]8 lbOG5 . sIff ;+rfng ug{ lzIfssf] Joj:yf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ ;+u7g cfkm}n] u/]sf] 5 . clvn -qmflGtsf/L_n] sflnsf]6, c5fd nufot cGo lhNnfdf /x]sf cfkm\gf ;+u7gsf ;b:onfO{ dfNsf]6 uf=h=;sf k|To]s j8fdf !÷! hgf kl/rflnt u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} sfkL snd / cGo ;fdfu|L klg ;+u7gn] pknAw u/fPsf] 5 .

ljutsf] ;dodf klg lhNnfdf hgtfsf] z}lIfs r]tgf / :t/ p7fpg clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ n] hgr]tgf cleofg h:tf sfo{qmd k6s k6s lg/Gt/tf lbb}+ cfPsf] lyof] . s]xL ;do cufl8 dfq g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ ;]d If]q / lhNnf hg;/sf/sf] kxnaf6 dfNsf]6 uf=h=;= ;]/fkf6fdf >L gd'gf k|sfz hgjfbL df=lj=sf] pb\3f6g u/L hgjfbL lzIffsf] k9fO{ cEof; ul/b}5 . ljBfnodf ;]d If]qsf ljleGg lhNnfaf6 :jod\ ;]js lzIfs kl/rflnt u/L ;'rf? ?kn] k9fO{ ;+rfng e}/x]sf] 5 . ;fy} Toxf" :yfgLo kf6L{ / ;Qfn] !$ aif{d'lgsf ;Dk"0f{ afnaflnsfnfO{ clgjfo{ :s'ndf k7fpg ltgLx?sf cljefjs tyf ;a} hgtfnfO{ lg/Gt/ cfx\jfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

    o;}u/L clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf sflnsf]6 lhNnf cWoIf zfxLn] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eP cg';f/ xfn ;+u7gnfO{ gof" 9+un] ;'l4s/0f / ;'b[9Ls/0f ub}{ lhNnfsf ;Dk"0f{ df=lj=, lg=df=lj=, OsfO{sf e]nf, ;Dd]ngåf/f gof" ;+u7gx? lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5g\ . ut df3 @% af6 xfn;Dd ;DkGg ePsf lt OsfO{sf e]nf tyf ;Dd]ngn] lhNnfdf ;Dk"0f{ !# j6f df=lj= OsfO{, !) lg=df=lj= OsfO{df gof" ;+u7g lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] kmu'g !# / !$ ut]sf] aGb tyf lzIf0f ;+:yf x8\tfnsf] sfo{qmd l9n} k|fKt ePklg lhNnfdf df=lj= :t/;Ddsf ljBfnox? dfq /x]sf] / k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] k|zf;gaf6 klg k"0f{ d'Qm ePsf]n] sfo{qmd k"0f{ ?kdf ;kmn /x]sf] pxf"n] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . –sbd a'9f w

dfcf]jfbL g]tf / hgtf k|ToIf cGt/s[ofdf

    ?K;f -sflnsf]6_÷sfnLsf]6s} wf}nfsf]6sf k'ik Gof}kfg]n] ufpdf vfg]kfgLsf] ;d:of ePsf] / n'uf w'g] t s'/} 5}g eg]/ cfkm\gf d}nf n'uf b]vfP . ;f]xL ufpsf b]jLnfn ljsn] uNtL ug]{nfO{ sd ;hfo ePsf] u'gf;f] kf]v] . ?K;f df=lj=sf  lzIfs ;f]dgfy ;fksf]6fn] Ps hgf cfkm\g} ljBfyL{n] e'ldut ePsf] ef]lnkN6} cfkm'nfO{ wDSofpg cfPsf] jtfP . To:t} dfnsf]6sf df]xg jL/ zfxLn] Ps hgf sfo{stf{n] cfkm''n] vfPsf] ef"8f gdfem]sf] s'/f jtfP . km'sf]6sf k|]djxfb'/ zfxLn] cfkm\gf] ufpdf Ps lbg klg dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ gj;]sf] u'gf;f] kf]v] .

    oL dflysf egfO{ sfnLsf]6 / jfh'/f lhNnfsf hgtf / hgk|ltlglwsf x'g\ . hgtfs} 3/ b}nf]df k'u]/ hgtfsf] k|ltlqmof j'em\g] cleofg ;]tL–dxfsfnL If]qLo Jo'/f] oltj]nf nflu k/]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf sfo{stf{sf] l/kf]6{nfO{ dfq l;ldt g/fvL hgtf;"u k|ToIf cGt/lqmof ug]{ dg;fon] Jo'/f] OGrfh{ s=k|efs/sf] g]t[Tjdf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=/fs]z / ;'b;{g ;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] hgtf;"u k|ToIf cGt/lqmof u/]sf] lyof] . pQm cGt/lqmofdf *) k|ltzt dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf gLlt sfo{qmd, sfo{stf{ / sfd Jojxf/ /fd|f ePsf] b]vfP klg oL dflysf egfO{x?af6 cem} @) k|ltzt sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;Rofpb} hgtfsf] kf6L{ agfpg] lgisif{ ;]d If]qLo Ao'/f]n] lgsfn]sf] 5 . s= k|efs/n] cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf eGg'eof]– æhgtfsf k|ltlglwnfO{ s'g} 8/, ;+sf]r ljgf cfkm\gf] dgdf nfu]sf / b]v]sf s'/f /fVg kfOG5 . ToxL ;Nnfx / ;'emfj cg';f/ xfdL gLlt / of]hgf tof/ ub}{5f}+ . of] s'/f If]q x'"b} xfdL s]Gb|Lo x]8Sjf6{/df k'¥ofp5f}+ . xfdLnfO{ tkfO{x?sf s'/f / egfO{ a'em\g cWoIf s= k|r08n] v6fpg' ePsf] 5 .Æ

    cGt/lqmof ug]{ qmddf s= k|efs/n] hgtfsf] lj?4df hfg] hgtf x'g ;Sb}g / hgtfs]f sfd gug]{ sfo{stf{ hgtfsf] g]tf x'g ;Sb}g eGb} hgtfnfO{ lr9fpg] / hgtfsf] sfd gug]{nfO{ tkfO{x?n] lkmtf{ af]nfpg / csf]{ JolQm r'Gg clwsf/ kf6L{n] lbPsf] atfpg' eof] . pxf"n] ut r'gfjdf kf6L{n] p7fPsf] pDd]bjf/n] xfg'{df pgLx?n] hgtfsf] dg lhTg g;s]sf] s'/f atfpb} sfd ug{ g;Sg] JolQmnfO{ x6fP/ gof" JolQm r'g]sf]] atfpg' eof] . pQm cGt/lqmof sflnsf]6sf] b]lv wf}nfuf]x uf=h=;= ;Ddsf hgtf;"u ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}u/L afh'/fsf ;fKkf6f b]lv uf]qL;Ddsf hgtf;"u klg cGt/lqmof ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df dfnsf]6sf df]xgjL/ zfxL, hLt] lj=s=, km'sf]6sf g/]z lj=s=, b'uf{ ;'j]bL, sfzLrGb| Gof}kfg], hobhL{ cflb 5g\ . To;}u/L gfgLsf]6sf k[YjLdfg jf]u6L, /fDgfsf]6sf dfgaxfb'/, lbkaxfb'/ yfkf cflb 5g\ . cGo uf=h=;=x? wf}nfsf]6, ?K;f, l;pgf, d]xnd'8L uf=h=;=x?sf k'ik Gof}kfg], b]jLnfn lj=s=, r+vaxfb'/ ;xsf/L, h;L yfkf, k|]daxfb'/ zfxL, kl/dn, /Tg k|;fb ;~Hofn, toaxfb'/ jd, tk]Gb|axfb'/ zfxL cflb;"u cGt/lqmof ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}u/L afh'/fsf uf]qL / ;fKkf6fsf s0f{jL/ lji6, ljvn lj=s=, cfOtL a'9f / sfnLaxfb'/ a'9f nufotsf hgtf;"u cGt/lqmof ul/Psf] lyof] .

    o;/L ;Nnfx, ;'emfj / hgtfsf] k|ltlqmof a'em\g lhNnf g]tfx? dfq geP/ s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt tyf kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:oaf6 ;d]t hgtfsf] 3/b}nf]df k'u]/ l/kf]6{ lnPsf]df hg:t/df gof" pT;fx k}bf x'g'sf] ;fy} hgtfn] v';L JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . csf]{lt/ sfo{stf{n] kf6L{sf] gLlt / of]hgf adf]lhd hgtfsf aLrdf Psfsf/ agfpg] tkm{ cfkm'nfO{ ;r]t ?kdf nufPsf] b]lvG5 . –z'e zdf{

cfwf/e"t ;f":s[lts lzlj/

    sflnsf]6÷ gjul7t ær'nL hg;f":s[lts ;}Go sDkgLn], ;f":s[lts sdL{x?sf] g[To, ufog, uLt–;+uLt ;DaGwL snfTds Ifdtfsf] ljsf; u/fpg ;fy} k|r08kysf] cfd kmf}hLs/0fsf] b[li6sf]0f cg';f/ ;f":s[lts sdL{x?nfO{ ;}Go 1fg lbnfpg cfwf/e"t lzlj/ ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . ut kmfu'g !# ut]b]lv ;~rfng ul/Psf] tflnd lzlj/ kmfu'g !( ut] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . h;df r'nL hg;f":s[lts sDkgL / sflnsf]6 lhNnf ;f+:s[lts Knf6'g u/L () hgf k|lzIffyL{ ;f":s[lts snfsf/x? ;xefuL ePsf lyP . lzlj/df g[To, ufog / ;+uLt ljwfdf dxTjk"0f{ k|lzIf0f tyf tflnd k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . hxf" k|lzIfsx? g[To ljwfdf s= k|df]b, ufog ljwfdf s= kf08j / ;+uLt ljwfdf s= Pd=lj=;j{xf/f /xg' ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} c=g]=h=;f+=;+3 ;]d If]q ;+of]hs s= k|eftn] /fhg}lts k|lzIf0f klg lbg'ePsf] lyof] .

    ;]tL dxfsfnL IF]qdf cufl8 a9]sf] ;f":s[lts 6f]nLx?sf] 3lge"t ljsf; k|lqmof / logsf] cem} gof" 9+un] ljsf; u/]/ n}hfg s]Gb|Ls[t sdf08sf] dxz'; u/L ut df3 @*÷@( / kmfu'g ! ut] ;DkGg ;]d IF]qLo ;f":s[lts ;+3sf] clwj]zg jf dxf]T;jaf6 r'nL ;f":s[lts sDkgL, ljz' hg;f+:s[lts sDkgLsf] u7g u/]sf] lyof] . olta]nfsf ;f":s[lts ;+u7sx? s]jn ;f":s[lts ;+u7g dfq geP/ /fhg}lts / kmf}hL ;+u7s klg x'g\ . To;}n] x/]s If]qdf s]Gb|Ls[t / bIf sdf08sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . To;}n] ;f":s[lts ;+u7gdf ljwfut / kmf}hL k|lzIf0fnfO{ ;dfof]hg ub}{ of] lzlj/ ;+rfng ul/Psf] ;DalGwt ;'qn] atfPsf] 5 .

    ptf of] lzlj/ r'nL hg;f":s[lts sDkgLsf] cfwf/ tyf P]ltxfl;s /x]sf] k|lzIffyL{x?n] atfPsf 5g\ . gjul7t r'nL hg;f":s[lts sDkgLsf ;xfos sdf08/ tyf lzlj/df ufog tyf ;+uLt ljwfsf k|lzIffyL{ s=cdf]3 eGg'x'G5 æljutdf xfdLn] snfTds IFdtf -g[To, ufog, ;+uLtnfO{ ljwfut ?kaf6 a'em\g / ljsf; ug{ ;ls/x]sf lyPgf}+, cfkm\g} c:tJo:ttfaf6 dfq cufl8 a9]sf lyof}+ . of] lzlj/n] snfdf ljsf; ug{ ljwfut ?kaf6 ljsf; ug'{k5{ eGg] r]tgf hufPsf] 5 . ;fy} snf / ljwfjf/] cfwf/e"t 1fg klg k|fKt ePsf] 5 .

sf7df8f}+sf ljleGg 7fp"df ad la:kmf]6

sf7df8f}+÷r}q !) / !! ut] sf7df8f}+sf ljleGg 7f"pdf hgof]4fn] ad laikmf]6 u/fP/ /fhwfgLdf cfkm\gf] ultljlwnfO{ hf/L /fv]sf 5g .

hgof]4fn] lxhf] sLlt{k'/ gu/kflnsfdf ad lj:kmf]6 u/fP/ Ps k|x/LnfO{ 3fOt] agfOlbPsf] s'/f dfcf]jfbLsf] ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdfg sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

    d+unjf/ sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsfsf] @( j8f sfof{no / cfh rfjlxnl:yt ljB't k|flws/0fsf] sfof{nodf ad xflgPsf] klg ;f]xL sfof{non] hgfPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . ad k|xf/af6 k|fwLs/0fdf 7"nf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . hgtfnfO{ ljB't dx;'n dx+uf] c;'Nb} cfPsf] ljB't k|fwls/0fdfly ePsf] sfjf{xLaf6 :yfgLo hgtf lgs} pT;flxt ePsf 5g . ptf dxfgu/kflnsfdf d08n]s/0f ul/Psf] a]nf dxfgu/kflnsfdf eO/x]sf]] >'+vnfa4 sfjf{xLn]{ ;+;bjfbL zlQmx? klg v'zL ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . :d/l0fo 5 dfcf]jfbLåf/f k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f dgf]lgt ;a}nfO{ tTsfn cfÎgf] kbjf6 /flhgfdf ug{ k6s k6s r]tfjgL lbOb} cfOPsf] 5 .

PDa';df P3f/ zfxL ;]gf u+eL/ 3fOt]

    g]kfnu~h÷ af"s] lhNnfsf] dgs6'jf ufh;l:yt dfgvf]nfdf hgof]4fn] yfk]sf] PDa';df k/L r}q !! ut] P3f/ hgf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf u+eL/ 3fOt] ePsf] s'/f klZrd s]Gb|Lo sdfg sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] sfjf{xLkl5 dfcf]jfbL ;s'zn kms{]sf] s'/f klg ;f]xL sfof{non] atffPsf] 5 .

dfemL d'lQm df]rf{åf/f zxLb 3f]if0ff

    dfemL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf t'naxfb'/ dfemLn] xfn} Ps jQmJo hf/L ub}{ df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf df=/f=d'=df]=g]kfn l;Gw'nL lhNnf cWoIF s=nfnsfhL dffemL -;+s]t_nfO{ zfxL cd]l/sL hNnfbx?n] ut df3 !& ut] l;Gw'nL lhNnf jl:tk'/ ufh;sf] sf]N6f/df lgz:q cj:yfdf al;/x]sf] a]]nfdf sAhf u/]/ r/d ef}lts oftgf lbP kZrft uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . b'Zdgn] sAhf u/]/ r/d oftgf lbP klg b'Zdg;"u Ps /lQ gem'sL k|ltsf/ ub}{ d[To'j/0f ug'{ ePsf] hgfpb} …pxf"sf] zfx;k|lt df]rf{ xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub}{ pxf"nfO{ xfd|f] df]rf{sf] pRr :t/sf] dxfg zxLb 3f]if0ff ub{5 . ;fy} ;f] xTofsf] 3f]/ eT;{gf ub}{ o'4 d}bfgaf6} abnf lnO{ 5f8\g] k|lt1f ub{5f}+ .Ú elgPsf] 5 .

df]/ªdf zxLb ;Ktfx ;DkGg

    df]/¨÷hgo'4sf] gjF}+ jif{uf7 tyf zxLb ;Ktfxsf] cj;/df df]/¨ lhNnfdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf ljleGg ultljlwx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . k'/fgf] ;QFsf OsfOx?nfO{ eTsfpb} :yfgLo hg;Qf lgdf{0f ;"u;"u} ljljw ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x? klg cufl8 al9/x]sf 5g\ .

    hgo'4sf] gjf} jif{uf"7sf cj;/df pQ/L df]/¨sf dw'dNNff, hft], n]6f¨, nufotsf Onfsfdf cfsif{s :jfut4f/x? lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5g\ eg] ;Dk"0f{ Onfsf / ahf/nfO{ /ftf em08f / Jofg/n] /+ufOPsf] lyof] . gjf}+ jif{ k|j]zsf] ;+s]t :j?k gf}j6f aQL /fte/ afNg] nufotsf sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . lhNnfdf dfcf]jfbLsf] ultljlwaf6 cflQPsf] zfxL cft+ssf/L ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLaf6 lgld{t u]6x? eTsfpg] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 eg] dfcf]jfbL cfp"bf ;'/fsL glbPsf] cf/f]k nufO{ af6f] lx8\g] hgtfnfO{ s'6kL6 u/]sf] 5 . zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] x'nfs / x]Nykf]i6df k|j]z u/L sd{rf/LnfO{ ;d]t ;Vt s'6kL6 u/L pQm 36gfnfO{ u'kr'k /fVg / ;fj{hlgs gug{ wDsL ;d]t lbPsf] kLl8tx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . p;sf] pQm sfo{af6 hgtfn] zfxL ;]gfnfO{ cem /fd|/L hgtfsf zq'sf?kdf lrGg] cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .

    zxLb lbj;sf] cj;/df 6f8L ufh;df lgld{t zxLb u]6 Ps eJo sfo{qmd u/L pb\3f6g ul/Psf] lyof] . kmfu'g !* ut] dw\'dNnf ahf/df ;of}+ hg;d'bfo, hgd'lQm ;]gf / dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x?n] ljzfn dzfn h'n'; k|bz{g u/] . zfxL ;]gfn] s]xL lbg klxn] pQm ahf/df dRrfPsf] Zj]t cft+ssf] lj/f]w ub}{ pQm h'n';df hgtfx? :jt:k'mt{M ;+nUg ePsf lyP . dzfn h'n';kl5 sf]0f ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . pQm ;efaf6} ;fdflhs ljs[ltsf] ?kdf /x]sf] hf"8, /S;L ;f] If]qdf ljqmL ljt/0f ug{ k|ltaGw nufOPsf] 3f]if0ff ul/of] . o;}u/L dw'dNnf ufh; j8f g+=* l:yt rf]sdf Ps cfsif{s rf}tf/f]sf] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . sl/j kGw| xhf/sf] nfutdf Jofks hg;xeflutfdf pQm rf}tf/f]sf] lgdf{0f ePsf] lyof] . zxLb ;Ktfxsf] cj;/ kf/]/ ut kmfu'g @) ut] zxLb kl/jf/nfO{ clegGbg ub{} pQm rf}tf/f]sf] pb\3f6g ul/of] . dxfg zxLb d]g'sf r]dhf]¨ -s=gd'gf_sf] gfdaf6 pQm rf]snfO{ gd'gf rf]s gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] 5 . zxLb ;Ktfxsf] cj;/df ljleGg :yfgdf af6f] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] ;dfrf/ 5 . To;}u/L jg ;DaGwL hgu'gf;f]nfO{ Wofg lbb} uug ufh;df gof" jg gLlt nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .

    ;KtfxJofkL sfo{qmdsf] l;nl;nfdf ut kmfNu'0f !$ ut] l;/xf lhNnfsf] ! g+= ljz]if Pl/ofdf zxLb ;Ktfx eJotfsf ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng s=x]dGtn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] ;efkltTj ljz]if Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=clj/nn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] / :Jffut efif0f s=dx]Gb||n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf zxLb s=zflGTf/fd k/fh'nLsf a'af–cfdf / >LdtL ;+emgf k/fh'nLsf] cf]hk"0f{ pkl:ylt / ljz]if If]qLo Jo"/f] ;b:o s=clgnsf] ljz]if pkl:yltdf ;of}+ hgtfsf] ;xeflutf lyof] . zxLb kl/jf/x?nfO{ bf];Nnf cf]8fP/ ;Ddfg u/L z'? ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Djf]wg ub}{ k|d'v cltly s= clgnn] zxLbsf] ;kgf / jlnbfgnfO{ xfdLn] zf]sdf xf]Og zlQmdf abn]/ ju{j}/Lx?sf] ;d"n gi6 u/]/ cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] af6f]df nfda4 x'g zxLb kl/jf/hg nufot cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ clkn ug'{Efof] .  

k"j{sf] df]8]n lhNnfsf sfdx?

    ljz]if lhNnf÷k"j{sf] ljz]if lhNnfn] o'4 / ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfdx? ;"u;"u} ;DkGg ug{ of]hgfa4 ?kdf lg0ff{os r/0fdf k'u]kl5 ljz]if lhNnfsf] cfof]hgfdf ef]hk'/ ;b/d'sfd sJhf ePsf] 5 . o:t} ef}lts ljsf; lgdf{0f / r]tgf ljsf;sf sfo{qmdx? ljz]if lhNnfn] cfºgf] 3f]lift cleofg agfP/ nfu' ug{ yfn]sf] 5 .

!= ljz]if lhNnfsf] 3f]if0ff;"u} ldlnl;of Knf6'gsf] u7g M–

    @)^) c;f/df k"jL{ sdf08sf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ rf/ lhNnfsf] ## j6f ufh; ldnfO{ ljz]0f lhNnfsf] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f ljs6 agfOPsf ;f]n', ef]hk'/, vf]6fª / ;+v'jf;efsf] e"uf]n leqsf ufh;;lxtnfO{ ldnfO agfOPsf] ljz]if lhNnf OGrfh{ s= lbkn] ljz]if lhNnf lsg agfOof] < eGg] k|Zgdf eGg' eof]– æxfdL xfd|f] tl/sfn] ljsf; lgdf{0f u/]/ ljz]if lhNnf lrgfpg rfxG5f}+ . lsg ls oL ufp" 7fp"df sf7df8f}+sf] ;Qfsf] l;Gsf] Wofg uPsf] 5}g . o'4sfndf ;d]t ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfd oxL k|of]u u/]/ b]vfpg rfxG5f}+ .Æ

    xfn ljz]if lhNnfdf dl0fs'df/ /fO{ k|d'v /xg' ePsf] @! ;b:oLo lhNnf hg;/sf/ hgjfbsf] cEof;df 5 . ut sflt{s @( ut] 3f]if0ff ePsf] pQm lhNnf hg;/sf/n] hgtfsf] ;Qf / hgtfsf] ;'/Iffy{ ! ldlnl;of Knf6'g lgdf{0f ul/;s]sf] 5 . xfn} 3f]lift ldlnl;of Knf6'gsf] sdf08/ s= nf]s]Gb| vDa'sf cg';f/ hgtfnfO{ ;z:q agfpg ldlnl;of Knf6'g lqmoflzn 5 . ldlnl;of Knf6'gsf] 3f]if0ff ;efdf j6flnog sld;f/ s= lj1fgn] xltof/ x:tfGt/0f ub}{ eGg' ePsf] lyof]– æxfdL ;z:q gful/ssf] /fHo agfpg rfxG5f}+ . o; k|lqmofdf of] ldlnl;of Knf6'gsf] u7g ePsf] 5 .Æ

@= Onfsf :t/Lo Gofo ;ldltsf] sfo{no M–

    lhNnfsf] clwsf+z e"uf]n b'u{d /x]sfn] ufp" ;dfhn] ;To tYo Gofo kfpg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . oxf"sf hgtfdfly zf]if0f pTkL8g sfod ug]{ k'/fgf] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf ;a} sfg'g, cfb]z / Goflos k|0ffnL vf/]h ePsf 5g\ . hg;/sf/ k|d'v dl0fs'df/ /fO{sf] zJbdf æhgtfsf] lxt cg"s"nsf gof" sfg'g / cfb]zx? hf/L ul/Psf 5g\ . /, hgtfsf] Goflos k|0ffnL :yfkgf ug{ * j6f Onfsf :t/Lo Gofo ;ldltsf] sfo{no sfo{ ;Dkfbgdf nflu ;s]sf] 5 .Æ :d/0f /xf];\– g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ n] Gofo ;Dkfbgsf If]qdf Gofo ;j{;'ne, lgMz'Ns / hgtfsf] OR5fdf cfwfl/t x'g'k5{ eGg] dfGotf /fVb} cfPsf] 5 . ToxL dfGotf cg';f/ s]Gb|Lo ?kdf hgu0ftGq g]kfnsf] ;fj{hlgs sfg'gL ;ª\u|x @)^) -d:of}bf_ k|sfzgdf cfPsf] 5 .

#= 3/]n' pBf]u wGbf ;~rfng M–

    :yfgLo sRrf kbfy{ / ;Lkdf cfwfl/t pBf]ux? ;~rfngdf cfPsf 5g\ . xfn ljz]if lhNnfsf ljleGg ufp"x?df g]kfnL sfuh pBf]u, ;ft' pBf]u, t/sf/L ljp pTkfbg s]Gb|, df5f kfng, un}+rf, /f8L–kfvL pBf]ux? pBf]usf] ?kdf ljsf; x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . gof" ;Qfåf/f ;'/Iff / k|f]T;fxg ldn]sfn] ljz]if lhNnfsf hgtfn] 3/]n' pBf]u Joj;fonfO{ dg nufP/ pTkfbg sfo{df h'6]sf sfdx? b]vfp"b} s= cfsfzn] eGg' eof]– æxfdLn] ;fg}af6 ljsf; u/]/ 7"nf] b]vfpg ;Sg] kl/l:ylt >[hgf ul//x]sf 5f}+ .Æ

$= df]jfOn df]8]n c:kQfnsf] :yfkgf M–

    ljz]if lhNnfsf] nIo df]jfOn df]8]n c:kQfn xf]Og t/ xfn lhNnfe/ Pp6f dfq c:ktfn 5, ToxL klg df]jfOn . df3 !$ ut]af6 ;~rfngdf cfPsf] pQm df]jfOn df]8]n c:ktfnsf k|d'v :jf:YosdL{ s= lxd]z k'/fgf] ;Qfn] ug{ g;s]sf] pkrf/ ljlw cfkm'x?n] df]8]n c:kQfndf ul//x]sf] atfpg' x'G5 . # hgf :6fkm /x]sf] ;f] df]8]n c:kQfndf cf}ifwL yf]/} 5, t/ pkrf/ ljlw / tl/sf w]/} ePsfn] c:ktfnsf OGrfh{ s= lxd]zn] ug]{ bfjLdf ;a}n] :jLsfg'{ k5{ . of] c:kQfnsf 8fS6/x? rf}lj;} 306f h:tf] hgtfsf] ;]jfdf lqmoflzn x'G5g\ .

    ls/f"t :jfoQ u0ftGq hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff x'g] lbg df]8]n c:ktfndf hDdf ePsf :jf:YosdL{ lxd]z, ;'lgn, df]xg, lgzfgf, ;'hftf / od'gfn] ju{o'4sf] df]rf{df g} cfkm'x? :jf:YosdL{ x'g kfPsf] cg'ej ;'gfpg' eof] . h] xf];\ c:ktfndf Jo:t :jf:YosdL{x?sf] :jf:Yo ;Nnfx / cf}ifwL kfPsf df]xgl;+x a:g]t eGb} lyP– ædfcf]jfbL kf6L{ o'4df eP klg p;sf] Jojxf/n] dfcf]jfbL ;Qfdf 5 h:tf] nfUg] u/L pkrf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ .Æ

ufp"–ufp"df /fhg}lts k|lzIf0f

k|rf/ x'DnL

        x'Dnf÷ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ x'Dnfsf] ;fhg}lts r]tgfdf j[l4 ug]{ pb]Zon] lhNnf kf6L{sf] lg0f{o cg';f/ k|To]s Pl/ofdf /fhg}lts k|lzIf0f ut df3 !* b]lv @* ut] ;Dd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ef}uf]lns ljs6tf / lhNnfsf g]t[Tj k+lQjf6 g} k|ToIf hg :t/df 5nkmn cGt/lqmof lng' kg]{ cfjZjostfn] ubf{ Pl/ofx? ljefhg ul/ Pl/of g+ !,@,# df lhNnf OGrfh{ s=z'l;n / pkJo"/f] ;b:o s=sfr]{gsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . o;} Pl/of g+ $,%,^,&,* df lhNnf ;]s|]6/L s=cfzfs/sf] pl:yltdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly tyf cltly sd/]8x?n] jt{dfg kl/l:ylt / kmfl;jfbL k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfaf6 5l/Psf em'6f e|d / ca xfdLn] kf6L{sf] gLlt tyf sfo{ef/ k|lt s]Gb|Lt /xL cGt/lj/f]wsf] ;lx kl/rfng ub}{ cufl8 a9\g' k5{ eGg] ljifo j:t' dfly k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . olt dfq geO{ gf6s / hgjfbL b]p8f ljlwaf6 klg ljifoj:t' dfly 5n{Ë kfl/Psf] lyof] .

k|lzIf0fsf] cj;/ kf/L lhNnf OGrfh{ s= z'l;nn] k|To]s ufp" j:tLdf kl;, k|To]s kf6L{ sfo{stf / ;lxb kl/jf/x?;+u cGt/s[of 5nkmn ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . To;}qmddf Pl/of g+= @ sf] bfd{df Toxf"sf ;lxb kl/jf/ / kf6L{ sfo{stf{ kl/jf/;+u e]63f6 cGt/s[of lnbf ;lxb s= rdTsf/sf afh] ^% aif{sf g/axfb'/ zfxL o;/L eGg'x'G5– b]z / hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] nflu d]/f] gftLn] ef}lts zl// u'dfO{xfNof] / h;sf] abnf lng 5f]/f / efO{sf] 5f]/f klg lx8L xfn] olb d]/f klg cfjZos k5{ eg] d klg lx8\5' . /ut lbg' k/] klg tof/ x'G5' .

Pl/of ;Dd]ng tyf e]nfx? ;DkGg

xl/eQm a'9f

df]8]n, 8f]Nkf÷nfvf} ljwfyL{x?sf] ;f´f / Kof/f] ;+u7g clvn g]kfn /fli6«o :jtGq ljwfyL{ o'lgog -qmflGtsf/L_ n] cfÎgf ;+u7g tyf ;+3{ifsf sfo{qmd b]zJofkL tLa| agfPsf] 5 . 8f]Nkf lhNnfsf] df]8]n Pl/ofdf cfÎgf] ;+u7gsf] k|yd e]nf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . Pl/ofsf ;a} OsfO{x?af6 k|ltlglwTj ePsf] pQm e]nf ut kmfNu'0f !$ ut] sflnsf uf=h=;=df ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .

        k"lh{df a'9fyf]sLsf] ;efkltTj / afwaxfb'/ a'9fsf] ;~rfngdf ePsf] pQm e]nfsf] k|d'v cltly ;+u7gsf lhNnf cWoIf wo{hLt jf]x/fn] pb\3f6g ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . 8f]Nkf lhNnf kf6L{sf] ;]qm]6/L s=lzv/ tyf hg;/sf/ k|d'v g}g k|;fb kxf8Ln] ljz]if cltlysf] cf;fgaf6 e]nf ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf tyf k|lzIf0f dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L e]nfnfO{ z'esfdgf dGQJo lbg]x?df df]8]n OGrfh{ s=cgGt, s=;/nf, s=/]l8of] ;Djfbbftf a?0f yfkf, blnt k|ltlglw uf]/axfb'/ lj=s=, ;f":s[lts kl/jf/sf s= dgf]h nufPt x'g'x'GYof] .

        pb\3f6g\ sfo{qmd kZrft ;~rflnt aGb ;qn] k"0fL{df a'9fyfsLsf] cWoIftfdf ( ;b:oLo Pl/of ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L k|fKt Ps csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ o;} lhNnfsf] Pl/of g+ @ df ljwfyL{ ;+u7gsf] k|yd e]nf kmfNu'0f !) ut] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . gfPl;+x /f]sfofsf] ;efkltTj / t'nf/fd a'9fn] ;~rfng ug'{ ePsf] ;f] e]nfn] !% ;bl:o Pl/of ;ldlt lgjf{rg u/]sf] 5 .

        cWoIf hob]jL jf]x/f ! /x]sf 5g\ eg] pkfWoIf gfPl;+x /f]sfo / ;lrjdf sflnaxfb'/ af]x/f, sf]iffWoIfdf /ldtf /x]sf 5g\ .

        jif{uf"7nfO{ ljljw ;Ktfxsf] ?kdf dgfOg] qmddf Pl/of g+ @ df k|lt/f]wfTds ;Ktfxsf] sfo{qmd eJo?kn] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . k|lt/f]w ;Ktfx dgfpg] qmddf cfd;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . kmfNu'0f !@ ut] Pl/ofsf xhf/f} hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg pQm cfd;ef sfudfP k|f=lj= df´ufp"df ePsf] lyof] .

        Pl/of OGrfh{ s=lIflthsf] ;efklQTj / ;~rfng s=kj{tn] ug'{ ePsf] sfo{qmddf ljleGg uf=h=;=sf k|ltlglwx?n] ;Djf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cfd ;efsf] ;fy} ljleGg cltl/Qm s[ofsnfkx?sf k|ltof]lutf klg ul/Psf lyP . ;'l6ª k|ltof]lutf, ;6km"6 k|ltof]lutf, uLt , g[To h:tf k|ltof]uLtf klg u/fOPsf lyof] eg] k|ltof]lutfdf ljh]tf x'g]x?nfO{ k'/:sf/ klg ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] .

>4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg

af"s]÷ zfxL cd]l/sg ;]gfsf hNnfbx?n] af"s] cGtu{t ags6'jfsf] k]8f/Ldf lgz:q cj:yfdf ut kmfu'g & ut] xTof ul/Psf af"s] lhNnfsf kf6L{ l8=l;=Pd= åo s= clht / s= lbk]Gb| To;}u/L e]s If]qLo ;~rf/ kf]i6 OGrfh{ s= ljqmd, ;b:o s= k|sfz, l8 jg ;KnfO{bn ;b:o s= k|eft / pkrf/fy{ Toxf" k'u]sf ;}Go ;b:oåo s= s]zj / s= lbg]zsf] ;Demgfy{ ;lxb ;Ktfxs} qmddf >4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ut kmfu'g @) ut] e]s If]qLo ;+rf/ kf]i6 g+= # df Aofks hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf ;f] ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . kf]i6sf OGrfh{ s= u08sLsf] cWoIftf, rf}yf] la=Pg= Pr=So'sf s= ;'bz{gsf] k|d'v cfltYo tyf l8 ly| ;KnfO{ bn sdf08/ s= ljZjf;sf] ;+rfngdf >4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . z'bz{g / csf{ jQmf cg's'nn] dGtAo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L ;xefuL hg;d'bfon] slyt zfxL hNnfbnfO{ ;/fKb} ;lxbx?sf tl:j/df clj/ nufO lbPsf lyP .

clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ åf/f cGt/s[of sfo{qmd

u'NdL÷ ut kmfu'g @) ut] u'NdL lhNnfsf] l;dn6f/L l:yt dflnsf pRr df=lj= df clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ u''NdLåf/f æcfwf/ If]qdf hgjfbL lzIffsf] k|of]u / ljsf;Æ ljifos cGt/s[of sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . u'NdLsf klZrdL If]qsf k|f=lj, lg=df=lj=, df=lj= / pRr df=lj=sf sl/a !%) hgf lzIfs k|ltlglw / Joj:yfkg ;ldlt cWoIfx? ;lDdlnt pQm cGt/s[of sfo{qmd tf/f lh=;L sf] ;+rfng / clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ u'NdLsf lhNnf ;+of]hs e"kfn kf]v/]nsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd  g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ u'NdLsf lhNnf OGrfh{ s= k|Hhjngsf] k|d'v cfltYo / lhNnf ;b:ox? s= zf}efUo, uf}/j, /];'Ëf hgd'lQm ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/sf cWoIf s=czf]s yfkf,cvf{jfª df=lj sf k|=c=nId0f cof{n,w'/f lgdfljsf lzIfs ef]h/fh e08f/L,k[YjL pRr df=lj=Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf sf;Ljxfb'/ jf]x/f,ch]{ pRr df=lj=/ b]p/fnL k|f=lj=sf lzIfsx?sf] cltYodf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ch]{ pRr df=lj=sf 6f]dnfn e08f/L,k[YjL pRr df=lj=sf sf;L jf]x/f,l/ofn] df=lj=sf uf]kfn cof{n nufotn] dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

;fj{hlgs sfo{qmddf klxnf] k6s b]vf kg'{ ePsf sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly k|Hjnn] eGg' eof]– k'/fgf] lzIffsf] ljz]iftf eGg' g} lstfjL 1fg / Jojxf/ jLrsf] ulx/f] vf8n xf] . xfdL Tof] vf8nnfO{ k'g{ rfxfG5f} . ;fdGtL ;Qfn] lzIffIf]qnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;Qfsf] gf]s/ pTkfbg ug]{ ynf]sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ rfxfG5 eg] xfdL To;sf] ;6\6fdf lzIff If]qnfO{ hgtf k|lt ;dlk{t x'g] /fi6« lgdf0f{sf ;+jfxs lgdf0f{ ug]{ ynf]sf ?kdf ljsf; ug{ rfxfG5f} .

Back