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jif{ !# c+s @), a}zfv !, @)^! Year 13, Issue 20,April 13, 2004 |
hgd'lQm ;]gfåf/f kz'kltgu/ k|x/L sfof{no sAhf
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf of]4fx?n] g]kfnsf]
;'b"/ k"j{ Onfdsf] kz'klt gu/l:yt Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no, k|zf;g
sfof{no, eG;f/ sfof{no, jfl0fHo a}+snufotsf k|zf;lgs lgsfox? sAhf u/]sf
5g\ . ut r}q @% ut] /ftL pQm k|x/L rf}sL k"0f{?kdf lgoGq0fdf lnO
;Dk'0f{ o'4 ;fdu|L sAhf ug'{sf ;fy} $@ hgf k|x/Lx?nfO{ kqmfp u/L o'4jGbLsf ?kdf
/flvPsf] 5 . o;cl3 r}q @@ ut] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] kfrf} lj|u]8n] wg'iffsf]
ob's'jfl:yt Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no sAhf u/]sf] lyof] .
Onfdl:yt kz'klt
gu/ k|x/L rf}sL sAhfkZrft\ pQm sf/jfxLsf sld;f/ s=ckf/ / sdf08/ s=;+hLjn] r}q
@( ut] hf/L ug'{ ePsf] jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5 æxfd|f] dfxfg\ tyf
uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] s]Gb|Lt / ljs]Gb|Lt of]hgf cg"?k
hgd"\lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf] sdf08df s]lGb|t kmf}hL sfjf{xL cGt/ut ef]hk"/
;b/d'sfd, DofUbLsf] ;b/d'sfd a]gL] / wg'iffsf] ob's'jfl:yt Onfsf k|x/L
sfof{nodfly ;kmn ;fxl;s kmf}hL sf/jfxL ;fgbf/ ?kdf ;DkGg e};s]sf] 5 . o;}
qmddf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ d]rL–sf]zL If]qLo Jo"/f] tyf ;ftf} lj|u]8 ;}Go
Jo"/f]sf] lg0f{o cg'?k kmf}hL of]hgfnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ s|ddf d]rL–sf]zL
;ftf} lj|u]8sf] Pp6f 6's8Ln] @)^) r}q @% ut] /ftL Onfdsf] kz'kltgu/l:yt
b':dgsf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodfyLsf] kmf}hL sfjf{xL ;fgbf/ 9+Ën] ;DkGg ePsf]
5 .
kf6L{sf
s]GbLo ;b:o s=ckf/ sld;f/ / d]rL–sf]zL ;ftf} lj|u]8 sdfG8/ s=;~hLj sdf08/
/x]sf] pQm kmf}hL sfjf{xLdf kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox? s=/fh]Gb|, s=k|eftsf] ;d]t
pkl:ylt lyof] . ;fy} pQm kmf}hL sfjf{xLdf ;xfos sdf08/ s=;+u|fd, lkmN8sf]
sld;f/ s=;Gb]z tyf sdf08/ hf]lvdn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . d]rL–sf]zL If]qLo
Jo"/f], lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldlt Onfdsf] ;d]t ;s[o ;xeflutf
/x]sf] pQm sfjf{xL /ftL !! ah]af6 ;'? eO{ !% ldg]6leq Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf
;Dk"0f{ k|x/Lx?n] cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf] / @) ldg]6leq sfjf{xL ;DkGg u/L
k"0f{?kdf sJhf ePsf] lyof] . eL8Gtsf] qmddf b':dgtkm{ k|x/L lgl/Ifs
k|h's'df/ /fO{, xjNbf/ /d]zs'df/ >]i7sf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] % hgf k|x/L
uDeL/ ?kdf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . xfd|f]tkm{ % hgf sd/]8x? ;fdfGo 3fOt] x'g'
ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L $! hgf k|x/L / ! hgf kl/r/ ;lxt $@ hgfnfO{ hgd"lQm
;]gfsf] sJhfdf lnO h]g]ef ;lGw cg'?ksf] Jojxf/ ub}{ o'4aGbL agfOPsf] 5 .
Onfsf
k|x/L sfof{no sJhfkZrft\ Toxf /x]sf y|Lg6y|L /fOkmn ## yfg, ( yfg k]:tf]n / cGo
ljleGg lsl;dsf xltof/ u/L hDdf %& yfg xltof/, ;f]sf $!)) yfg j''n]6, @ yfg
;+rf/ ;]6 / cGo o'4 ;fdfu|L sAhf ul/Psf] 5 . Toxfl:yt /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+s
zfvfaf6 ?=@) nfv gub ;d]t sAhf ePsf] 5 eg] eG;f/ sfof{no, l;df k|zf;g, afl0fHo
a}+s nufotsf ;a} k|;f;lgs sfof{nox? ;]jf]6]h ul/ Wj:t ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy}
ef/tLo bnfn Jofkf/Lsf] Toxf“ /x]sf] k;naf6 !% nfv a/fa/sf] lhG;L ;d]t sAhf
ul/Psf] 5 .
xfn} ljleGg
;+rf/dfWodaf6 k|rf/ ul/P cg'?k pQm ;kmn kmf}hL sfjf{xLdf ef/tLo e"ld sxL
klg k|of]u gul3Psf] ;d]t :ki6 kfg{ rfxfG5f}+ . ;fy} pQm ;kmn kmf}hL
sfjf{xLdf 3fOt] x'g] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sd/]8x?sf] zL3| :jf:Yonfesf] sfdgf ub}{
hLjgsf] s'g} k|jfx gu/L kf6L{sf] of]hgfnfO{ b[9tfk"j{s sfof{Gog ug]{
d]rLsf]zL ;ftf} lj|u]8 cGt/utsf sfjf{xLdf ;DnUg ;a} of]4f sd/]8x?, d]rL–sf]zL
If]qLo Jo"/f], Onfd lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldltnfO{ ljif]z wGojfb lbg
rfxfG5f}+ . cGtdf sJhf ul/Psf $@ hgfnfO{ o'4 aGbLsf] ?kdf lnO{
;Ddfgk"j{s Joxf/ ul/g] k|ltj4tf hfx]/ ug{ rfxfG5f}+ .
dfcf]jfbLåf/f wGojfb
sf7df8f}+÷Dffcf]jfbLn] /fv]sf] tLg lbg] g]kfn aGb zfgbf/
?kdf ;kmn ePsf] 5 . oftfoft, lzIf0f ;+:yf, snsf/vfgf, ahf/ / sfof{nox?
nuftf/ tLg lbg;Dd k"0f{t aGb /x] . aGb c;kmn kfg{ k'/fgf] ;Qfn]
7"nf] k|oTg u/] klg k'/} c;kmn ePsf] lyof] . hgtfn] o;k6s klg g]kfn
aGb ;kmn kf/]/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_, hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn / ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L
hgkl/;b\åf/f cl3 ;fl/Psf dfux?nfO{ k'gM cg'df]bg u/]sf 5g\ .
tLg lbg] g]kfn
aGbsf] k"0f{ ;kmntfkZrft\ dfcf]jfbLsf k|jQmf s[i0fjxfb'/ dx/fn] Ps k|];
jQmJo hf/L ub}{ aGb ;kmn kfg{ ;xof]u k'/\ofpg] ;a}df cfef/ JoQm ug'{ ePsf]
5 . pxf“n] oxL r}q @^ ut] hf/L ug'{ ePsf] jQmJodf elgPsf] 5–æ;fdGtL
lg/+s'ztGq tyf p;sf] ;}lgs clwgfosjfbsf lj?4 u0ftGq :yfkgfsf] dxfg\ nIolt/ cl3
a9\g cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ ckLn ub{} xfd|f] kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tj /
kxn Pj+ hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfn / ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifbsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf
ul/Psf] r}q @$, @%, @^ ut]sf] tLg lbg] g]kfn aGb zfgbf/ ?kn] ;kmn ePsf]
5 . g]kfn aGb ;kmn kfg{ ;xof]u ug{] ;Dk"0f{ tx / tKsfsf
hg;d'bfox?nfO{ xfdL wGojfb lbg rfxG5f}+ / cfufdL ;+3if{sf sfo{qmddf ;d]t o;
k|sf/sf] ;xof]usf] ck]Iff ub{5f}+{ .
o; qmddf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] cfd gLlt gx“'bf–gx'“b} klg xfd|f]
kf6L{sf g]tfx? s=;LkL uh'/]n, s=dft[sf ofbj, s=;'/]z cfn]du/ / ev{/} :yfoL
;ldltsf jl/i7 ;b:o s=df]xg j}Bsf] ef/t ;/sf/n] u/]sf] lu/km\tf/Lsf sf/0f
cfqmf]zk"0f{ cleJolQmsf ?kdf ePsf ef/tLo jxfgx?df nlIft sfjf{xLx? lgoGq0f
ul/;lsPsf] / ul/g] hfgsf/L u/fp“b5f}+ . o;nfO{ cgfjZos pQ]hgf lt/ gn}hfg
xfdL ;DalGwt ;a};“u cfu|x ub{5f}+ .Æ
dfcf]jfbL g]tf s=ls/0fnfO{ kGw| lbg Dofb ylkof]
g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ :yfoL ;ldltsf jl/i7 ;b:o Pj+
k"j{ sdf08 OGrfh{ sd/]8 ls/0fnfO{ l;nu'8Ll:yt Ps cbfntn] k'gM !% lbg
Goflos lx/f;tdf /fVg Dofb yk]sf] 5 .
pxf“nfO{ ut r}q !%
ut] cfvfsf] ck|]zg u/fPs} cj:yfdf c:ktfnsf] kl/;/af6 ef/tLo k|x/Ln]
if8\oGqk"0f{?kdf ckx/0f u/]/ lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] lyof] . c;fWo} nf]slk|o
g]kfnL g]tfnfO{ ef/tLo k|x/Ln] cgfjZos b'Mv lbO/x]sf]df ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL hgtf
ef/tLo ;/sf/;“u lgs} cfqmf]l;t 5g . pxf“nfO{ ljgf zt{ t'?Gt 5fl8lbP/
g]kfnL hgtfsf] efjgf lhTg ef/tLo ;/sf/;“u ;a}lt/af6 Aofks dfu eO/x]sf] 5 .
sd/]8 ls/0fnfO{
e]6\g kb\d/Tg t'nfw/;lxtsf] Ps dfgj clwsf/jfbL 6f]nL l;nu'8L hfg] tof/L ul/–
/x]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . xfn;Dd ef/tLo k|x/Ln]
nf]slk|o hgg]tf ls/0f;“u s;}nfO{ klg e]6 ug{ lbPsf] 5}g . tTsfn ePsf]
ck|];g Pj+ bdnufotsf ;d:ofsf sf/0f pxf“sf] :jf:Yo l:yltk|lt ;j}lt/af6 Jofks
rf;f] b]vfO/xbf klg ef/tLo k|x/Ln] pxf“sf] kl5Nnf] :jf:Yo cj:yfjf/] hfgsf/L
lbPsf] 5}g .
Pdfn], Pstfs]Gb|–d;fnsf] k|ToIf lgb]{zgdf ;ft hgf
dfcf]jfbL g]tf, sfo{stf{sf] g[z+; xTof
wgu9L÷ Pdfn] / g]=s=kf=-Pstfs]Gb|–d;fn_sf lhNnf :t/Lo g]tfsf]
k|ToIf lgb]{zgdf v8f ul/Psf] kf/; gfd u/]sf] u'08f bnn] s~rgk'/sf] lqe'jg
j:tLsf] 6fpg / k|f;g uf=h=;=sf] …sÚ ufp“df dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf :t/Lo g]tf,
sfo{stf{ tyf 3fO{t] ;lxt ;ft hgfs]f g[z+; xTof u/]sf] 5 . r}q @% / @^ ut]
36fOPsf oL kf;ljs xTofsf08df Pdfn]sf lhNnf g]tf /fdrGb| g]kfn /
g]=s=kf=-Pstfs]Gb|–d;fn_sf lhNnf g]tf tyf ;+hdf]sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o nf]s]Gb|
nD;fnsf] k|ToIf ;xeflutf /x]sf] :yfgLo hgtfn] hgfb]znfO{ atfP .
lqe'jg j:tLsf]
6fpgdf kf6L{ sfd ljz]ifn] k'u]sf a]nf s~rgk'/sf l8=l;=Pd= lzv/, P=l;=P;= hLt /
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf ;]S;g sdf08/ ls/0fnfO{ Pdfn] g]tf g]kfns} 3/ cufl8 kf/; u'08f
bnnfO{ k|ltsf/ ug{ nufO{ xTof ul/Ps]f lyof] . xTof/f] kf/;sf] gfd lbP/ v8f
u/]sf] u'08f bnnfO{ g]kfnn] af]nfP/ dfcf]jfbL g]tf sfo{stf{sf] xTof ug{ cfb]z
lbPsf lyP . ToxL a]nfdf Pstfs]Gb|–d;fnsf g]tf nf]s]Gb|n] u'08fx?nfO{
k|f]T;flxt ul//x]sf lyP . hgtfsf Kof/f g]tfsf] /ut lkP/ klg gk'u]kl5 Pdfn]
/ Pstfs]Gb|–d;fnsf oL b'O{ g]tfn] r}q @^ ut] s~rgk'/s} k|;fg uf=h=;=sf] …sÚ
ufp“df kf/; u'08f bnnfO{ nu]/ lzls:t lj/fdL cj:yfdf /x]sf P=l;=P;= cfO6d,
P=l;=Pd= lbg];, lk=Pd= nId0f, :jf:YosdL{ tyf P=l;=Pd= ;kgfnfO{ g[z+; 9+un] xTof
u/] .
lj/fdL dfcf]jfbL
sfo{stf{sf] xTof u/]kl5 Pdfn], d;fn–Pstfs]Gb| / kf/; u'08f bnsf] ;+o'Qm j}7s
a;]sf] klg yfxf ePsf] 5 . u'08f bnn] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ uf]ljGb lj=s=nfO{
sAhfdf /fv]/ oftgf lbO/x]sf] :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] atfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL g]tf,
sfo{stf{sf] g[z+; xTof ug]{ kf/; u'08f bnsf] gfOs]df lqe'jg j:tL 6fpgahf/sf
ljGb' >]i7, …rÚ ufp“sf] s[i0f tfdfË, lji0f' b'nfn, ;'saxfb'/ tdfª / Pdfn]
g]tf /fdrGb| g]kfnsf] 5f]/f /x]sf 5g\ .
ufp“–ufp“df u'08f
bnn] u/]sf] cfqmd0fsf] lj?4 dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ / hgtf pq]kl5 u'08f bn Toxf“af6
efu]sf] 5 . u'08f bnn] u/]sf] kf;ljs xTofsf] abnf lng lqe'jg j:tL / …rÚ
ufp“sf hgtfn] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ / hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ .
dxf]Q/Ldf 1fg]Gb|–kf/;sf] k'Tnf hnfOof]
dxf]Q/L÷ r}q !%
ut] dxf]Q/Lsf] ;b/d'sfd hn]Zj/ eGbf % ls=dL pQ/–k"j{df kg]{ Psxl/of
ufh;sf] 9]sxf ahf/df b'O{ xhf/ cfdhg;d'bfox?sf] ;xeflutfdf b]zb|f]xL, efO[df/f,
hgtfdf/f, d'lt{rf]/ anfTsf/L 1fg]Gb|–kf/;sf] k'Tnf agfO hnfOPsf] ;dfrf/ k|fKt
ePsf] 5 .
dfs;{jfb ;To
xf]–/fhtGqsf] cGTo xf], g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_–lhGbfjfb † 1fg]–kf/;–d'bf{jfb †
h:tf gf/fx? nufp“b} z+v / 306 ahfO{ 1fg]Gb|–kf/;sf] k'TnfnfO{ bfualQ k|bfg u/L
sf]0f;ef ;DkGg ul/of] . sf]0f;efnfO{ ;f] Pl/of OGrfh{ s=;'lbk, l8=;L=Pd
s=k|efs/n] ;f] sfo{qmdsf] cf}lrTodfly k|sfz kfb}{ ;fdGtL /fhtGqnfO{ a9f/]/
kmfNg cfGbf]ng cl3 al9/x]sf] atfp“b} r}q !% ut] dxf]Q/Lsf ;Dk"0f{ Pl/ofdf
1fg]Gb|–kf/;sf] k'Tnf hnfOPsf] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
k|ltlqmofjfbL
/fHo;Qfsf] :yfgLo lgsfo Wj:t ug]{ qmddf k|fljlws q'l6sf sf/0f g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_ ljz]if
s]Gb|Lo sdf08 ljz]if a6flnog cGt{ut ljz]if sfo{bnsf Knf6'gsf ;]S;g sdf08/
s=ljs/ -dfgjxfb'/ jDhg_sf] oxL ldlt @)^) r}q ^ ut] sf7df8f}+ lhNnfsf]
blIf0ftkm{sf] 5}dn] uflj;sf] ejg Wj:t ug]{ qmddf zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 .
xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn pxf“nfO{ dxfg\ ;lxb 3f]if0ff ub{5 /
zf]sfs'n kl/jf/hg, cfkmGt, ljz]if sfo{bnsf ;xof]4f ;]gfgL sd/]8x? / kf6L{
k+lQmk|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5 . zxLbx?sf] ;kgf k'/f ug{ cGTo;Dd n8\g]
k|ltj4tf klg JoQm ub{5 . wGojfb †
ldltM
@)^) r}q
clht
sdf08/,
ljz]if sfo{bn, ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdf08
kf“rf} ;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w lbj; ;DkGg
;nf{xL÷oxL r}q
kf“r ut] ;nf{xLsf] gf/fo0f vf]nfdf xhf/f}+ hgtf / sfo{stf{sf ;fy} ;of}+
;flxTosdL{x?sf] pkl:yltsf aLr kf“rf} ;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w lbj; ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . cGt/f{li6«o uLtaf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmddf zxLbx?k|lt df}gwf/0f ul/Psf]
lyof] .
g]kfn sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf kL=jL=Pd= tyf ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/;b\sf s]Gb|Lo
;]qm]6/Lo6 ;b:o s=cUgLk|;fb ;fksf]6fn] pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ k|d'v cltlysf] ?kdf
;Daf]wg ug'{eof] . pxf“n] zxLbx?sf] of]ubfgsf] rrf{ ub}{ cg]sf]6sf]
zxfbtn] nfvf}+nfv ;flxTosf/, ;f“:s[ltssdL{ hGdfO;s]sf] / zxLbsf] /utsf] tfutn]
cfh hgd'lQm ;]gfn] cd]l/sL hh{ 8Jn' a'zsf] kmf]l6{lkms];g tf]8\g ;kmn ePsf] /
gof“ g]kfn lgdf{0f ug]{ j:t'ut cj:yf tof/ x'“b} cfPsf] atfpg' eof] .
pxf“n] xfd|f] uLt, ;+uLt, sljtf, ;flxTo, g[Tosf] dfWodn] 5f8f ;“:s[ltsf] lj?4
k|lt/f]w ub}{ / gof“ ;“:s[ltsf] hugf{ ub}{ hgljb|f]xnfO{ ;+ul7t ug'{ g}
k|lt/f]w lbj;sf] dxTj ePsf] bzf{pg' eof] . ;f]xL sfo{qmdd} pxf“n] /fli6«o
/ cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:yltsf] af/]df pNn]v ug'{ x'“b} kf6l{ kª\lQm, hj;x?nfO{
hglbzfnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ljz]if hf]8 lbg' ePsf] lyof] .
To;}u/L
sfo{qmddf kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=sdn, s=d'lQm, kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ s=hLjg,
;nf{xL±dxf]Q/Lsf OGrfh{ s=nf]rg, /f}tx6sf OGrfh{ s=lrq, c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_
s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf s=u+uf clwsf/L, cg]/f:jljo'-qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf
s=dx]Gb| >]i7, ljBfyL{s} s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf s=o'j/fh rf}nfufO{, dxf]Q/L
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=ls;g, ;nf{xL ;]qm]6/L s=lzlj/, wg'iff ;]qm]6/L s=/fh]z, ;+o'Qm
qmflGtsf/L hgkl/;b\sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=/]zd rf}nfufO{,
c=g]=h=;f=;+=-qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=/f]zg hgsk'/L, sDkgL sld;f/ s=;'/h,
;}Go Jo'/f] kf“rf}+ lj|u]8 sfof{no ;lrj s=z/b, dw]zL d'lQm df]rf{sf ;Togf/fo0f
eut / lji0f'b]jn] af]Ng' ePsf] lyof] .
k'ik hgk|lt/f]w cleofgsf qmddf hgsfjf{xL
/f}tx6÷ /f}tx6
lhNnfdf dfcf]jfbLåf/f ;~rflnt k'ik hgk|lt/f]w cleofgsf] qmddf ljleGg hgsfjf{xL
;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . Ogfv/L ufh;sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf /fdlszf]/ /fo ofbsf] xfn}
;Dk"0f{ hfoh]yf sJhf ul/Psf] ;dfrf/ 5 . lgh ofbjn] -dfcf]jfbL_ /
;j{;fwf/0f hgtf lj?4 ;'/fsL u/L g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ sf sfo{stf{sf] xTof
u/fPsf] / k|zf;gsf] cf8df cfºgf] ck/flws lqmofsnfk ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L lhNnfs} s/sr sd}{of ufh;sf] ss{r
u'7Lsf] !% /f]kgL hUuf kmfNu'0f !! df sJhf ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} ;f] u'7Lsf]
;Dk"0f{ ;DklQ sJhf u/L em08f ufl8Psf] lyof] . s/srsf] gfddf /flvPsf]
;f] hUuff sJhfkZrft\ hgtfx?n] v';L JoQm u/]sf 5g\ .
o;}u/L slyt
/fhkl/;b\ ;b:o z]if ;/fh'nnfO{ k6s–k6s ;f] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf ug{ cfu|x ubf{
gdfg]kl5 kmfu'g !% ut] sJhfdf lnO{ /fhLgfdf lbg] ;t{df l/xf ul/Psf] hfgsf/L
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=d'lQmn] lbg' ePsf] 5 . o;} u/L
lhNnfsf] dfyf]k'/ ufh;sf] s'Voft e|i6frf/L, tis/L /fdljnf; /fo ofbjsf] 3/ cfuf]
nufO Wj:t u/L af“sL ;Dk"0f{ ef}lts ;DklQ sJhf ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} lghsf]
^ hgf u'08fx?nfO{ lu/ºtf/ u/L cfjZos 5fgljg kl5 l/xf ul/Psf] 5 . csf]{
;dfrf/ cg';f/ ktf}/f ufh;sf] hldGbf/ hgs pkfWofosf] hUuf sJhf ul/Psf] 5 .
;f]xL ufh;sf] lgjt{dfg lh=lj=; ;efklt /fh]Gb| k6]nsf] ;Dk"0f{ hUuf sJhf
ul/Psf] 5 . csf{ ;fdGt ;f]xL ufh;s} ;'zLn uf}td, /fk|kf lhNnf ;efklt
/fdd+un ofbjsf] klg 3/hUuf sJhf ul/Psf] 5 .
o;}u/L kmfu'g
@& ut] lhNnf kf6L{ ;b:o ;De' rf}w/L nufotsf sd/]8x?sf] xTofsf] lj/f]wdf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ /f}tx6sf] cfof]hgfdf /f}tx6 lhNnf aGb ;kmn ePsf] 5 .
lhNnf aGb sfo{qmdsf] k|rf/–k|;f/df em'08fOPsf] t'n ad ljikmf]6 x'“bf Ps hgf
k|x/L c;O{ ;lxt @ hgfsf] 36gf:yndf g} d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] # hgf uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ . g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_ /f}tx6 lhNnf ;b:o tyf yf?jfg d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o / lhNnf hg;/sf/ ;b:o ;d]t /xg' ePsf] zDe' rf}w/LnfO{ / ef]nf rf}w/LnfO{
ufp“af6} lu/ºtf/ u/L kmfu'gsf] bf];|f] xKtf zfxL ;]gfn] d'7e]8sf] gfddf xTof
u/]sf] lyof] .
csf]{ ;dfrf/
cg';f/ clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3-qmflGtsf/L_sf] cleofg s} qmddf lgz:q cj:yfdf 3/df
a;]sf a]nf cg]d;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;lrj zf/bf d}gfnLnfO{ sJhfdf lnO{ anfTsf/
u/L xTof u/]sf], k|ultzLn ;f“:s[lts d~rsf ;lrj s=pltrg /fo ofbj / blnt d'lQm
df]rf{sf lhNnf pkfWoIf s=/fd kf;jfgsf] u2f/ / l;cfO8Lsf] ldn]dtf]df lu/Îtf/ u/L
cdfgjLo 9+un] oftgf lbP/ zfxL xTof/fx?n] xTof u/]sf 5g\ . –ljsNk
ef]hk'/ sfjf{xLdf ;+Ung kf“rf} lj|u]8sf] eJo :jfut
hgsk'/÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
l;Gw'nL lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldltn] oxL r}q !@ ut] lhNnfdf Ps eJo sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L
kmfu'0f !( ut] ef]hk/ lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfdsf] l/lk6/ 6fj/dfly ;kmn cfqmd0fdf ;l/s
hgd'lQm ;]gf kf‘rf}+ lj|+u]8nfO{ :jfut u]sf] 5 .
kf6L{sf
kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o tyf k"jL{ If]qLo Jo"/f] OGrfh{ s=s~rgn] :jfut
sfo{qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sdf08/, sld;f/ nufotsf of]4fx?nfO{
k"mndfnf / clj/sf] l6sf nufO{ :jfut ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] csf{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
s=sdnn] klg :jfut ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . s=j[xtsf] ;~rfng, s=ZofdsfhLsf]
;efkltTjdf ;~rflnt sfo{qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf kf‘rf}+ lj|u]8 sld;f/
k/jfgfn] ef]hk'/ sfjf{xLsf] /fhgLlts dxTjaf/] k|sfz kfg]{ qmddf cufl8 eGg' eof]
æcWoIf s=k|r08sf] lgb]{zgdf xfdLn] ef]hk'/ cfqmd0fsf] ljhosf] ;Gb]z lnP/
hgtfsf] aLrdf cfPsf 5f}+ . b'Zdgsf cTofw'lgs xltof/ sAhf u/]/ NofPsf
5f}+ .Æ s=k/jfgfn] ef]hk'/sf] sfjf{xLaf6 ;fd|fHofjbL zfxL ;]gfsf]
kmf]l6{lkms]zg k"0f{tM Wj:t agfpg hgd'lQm ;]gf ;kmn ePsf] 5 eGg' eof] .
k'/fgf] ;Qf ;fd|fHojfb a}zfvLdf l6s]sf] lyof] Tof] a}zfvL;d]t ef]hk'/df
ef“lrPsf] atfp“b} ;fd|fHojfbn] g]kfnnfO{ ckmuflg:tfg agfpg g;Sg] atfpg'
eof] . g]kfnsf] hgo'4 j}1flgs ljrf/wf/fsf cfwf/df n8]sf] hgo'4 xf] eGg'
x'“b} cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbLnfO{ Wj:t kfg{ kf6L{ ljZj:t ePsf] / ;j{xf/f ju{sf] hLt
;'lglZrt x'g] atfpg' eof] .
To;}u/L :jfut
sfo{qmdsf csf{ jQmf kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s= b]zaGw'n] ef]hk'/sf] sfjf{xLdf
k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] 7"nf] Iflt x'“bf ;'o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] ;Dj]bgfxLg s'/fk|lt
Olu+t ub} p;sf] k/fhosf] k|ltkmnsf] cleJolQm xf] eGb} kf6L{{sf] u0ftGqsf]
gf/fnfO{ o'jf ljBfyL{, af}l4s hut / cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfon] ;d]t :jLsf/ u/]sf]
atfpg'eof] . ef]hk'/ sfjf{xLsf] af/]df kf“rf} lj|u]8 sdf08/ s= k|df]bn]
eGg' eof]– æxfdLn] of] clj/–dfnf zxLbsf] /ut 7fg]sf 5f}, of] :jfutn] cfufdL
df]rf{sf nflu yk k|]/0ff lbPsf] 5Æ eGg'eof] . sfo{qmddf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ s=l;Gw', !$ cf}+ / !% cf}+ j6flnPg
sdf08/ / sld;f/sf] klg pkl:ylt lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] aLr–aLrdf z}n'ª
;f“:s[lts kl/jf/ / r'/] ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] /f]rs uLt / g[To k|:t't u/]sf]
lyof] . –ljsNk
wg'iffdf hUuf sAhf, ;kmfof / ljsf; lgdf{0f
hgsk'/÷clvn
g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflgsf/L_ sf] cfJxfgdf xfn} wg'iff lhNnfsf ljleGg 7fp‘df sAhf
ul/Psf] hUufsf] ljj/0f ;f] ;+u7gn] pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . h'g o; k|sf/ 5–
!=j6]Zj/ ufh; a:g] s'Voft hldGbf/ lktfgfy pkfWofosf] !))
ljufx hUUff / ;f]xL ufh; j:g] hldGbf/ ch'{gaxfb'/ l;+xsf] $) ljufx hUuf .
@=pdfk|]dk'/ ufh; zflGtk'/sf] hldGbf/ cd/]Gb|gf/fo0f
l;+xsf] #) ljufx, ;f]xL pdfk|]dk'/ ufh;df /x]sf] ofbjk|;fb kGtsf] &)) ljufx
hUuf .
#=g]d'jf 6f‘n wjfnLdf /x]sf] afa' ;fx]jsf] #)) ljufx /
$)) dg wfg sAhf . $=hgsk'/ g=kf= d'h]lnof a:g] /fdrGb| zfx / k'mnu]g
zfxsf] ld;/k§L uf]?jfxL zfxLdf /x]sf] #@) ljufx hUuf . %=ufh; wg'ifefd
;/;f 6f]nsf] s'Voft k~r] dGqL x]dgf/fo0f dNnsf] #)) ljufx hUuf / !@ ljuffx
ePsf] cf‘ksf] au}rf nufot ;Dk"0f{ 3/ hUUff . ^=e'txL ufh; k6]jf{sf
s'Voft ;'wfjf/ hub]j zfxsf] !% ljufx hUuf nufot wg'iff lhNnfsf] cGo 7fp‘sf]
hUUff nufot #% yfg skfnL sfuh, rf‘bL / ;'gsf uxgf sAhf . &=s/df6L
ufh;sf] dx]Zj/ l;+xsf] #% ljufx / @)) dg wfg / j}bxL ufh; a:g] d'g]Gb| emfsf]
$) ljufx / ;f]xL ufh;sf] hu/gfy emfsf] #) ljufx hUUff sAhf . *=hgsk'/
gu/kflns;‘u 6f‘l;Psf] j]uflzifk'/df /x]sf] hfgsL dlGb/sf] %@ ljufx 38]/L hUuf
sAhf . (=tf/k§L ufh; l;/l;ofdf /x]sf] ab|Lk|;fb pofWofosf] !@ ljufx hUuf,
e"OrSs/k'/sf] j}w]sf] !) ljufx / nIdLlgjf;sf] g/]z zfx -ljN6'_sf] ^ ljufx
hUuf sAhf .
To:t} wg'iffdf
dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf sf/jfxL / ljsf; lgdf0f{sf ljj/0f klg k|fKt ePsf 5g\ h'g
o;k|sf/ 5
;kmfofM!=@)^) kmfNu'0f @# ut] ufh; vh'/L a:g] /fslzv/
;fxnfO{ ;xLb s=tflx/ / s=u+uf/fd zfxnfO{ ;'/fsL u/L xTof u/fPsf], zxLb kTgL;‘u
cj}w ;DaGw /fv]sfn] tyf ufh; g/lxof a:g] gfd'b 8f“sf gy'gL kf;jfg, ljgf]b
kf;jfg / zDe' kf;jfg / zxLb s=uf]NxLof b]jLsf] xTof/f c?0f kf;jfgnfO{ ;kmfof
ul/Psf hgfOPsf] 5 .
ljsf; lgdf{0fMl;d/f8L ufh;df zxLb uf]NxLof b]jLsf] gfddf
rf}tf/f] , /3'gfyfg 6f/ ufh;sf] ;nf{xL ahf/df dxfg\ zxLb s=/fdj[If ofbjsf]
gfddf rf}tf/f], jNnfjfv/ ufh; j]d8vLdf dxfg\ zxLb /fdj[If ofbjsf] gfddf
rf}tf/f, ;'uf dw's/xL ufh; u/}rfdf dxfg\ zxLb /fdj[If ofbjsf] gfddf Pp6f ljBfno
/ k;f{ dx/f6f]n ufh;b]lv klZrdsf] e3d'/xf hfg] ;f9] ! ls=ld, xyn]6\jf
b'jfsf]6df ;f‘9] @ ls=ld, ld;/kl§b]lv x8jfxL;Dd # ls=ld sRrL af6f] lgdf{0f
ePsf] 5 .
:jfoQ k|b]z aGbsf] 3f]if0ff
s~rgk'/÷ zfxL
;]gfsf] xTof/f] hTyfn] alb{ofsf] emjf8Ldf kf6L{ sfd ljz]ifn] cfPsf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ s}nfnLsf l8=l;=P;= s= k|jL0f -hut /Hu}+of_nfO{ lu/km\tf/
kZrft\ lgd{d 9+un] xTof u/]sf] 5 .
s=k|jL0fsf]
xTofsf lj?4 yf?jfg :jfoQ k|b]zn] j};fv !( ut] yf?jfg k|b]z aGbsf] 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] 5 . sfo{qmd cg';f/ r}q !* b]lv j}zfv !) ;Dd k|rf/ k|;f/, a};fv !!
b]lv !% ;Dd hgkl/rfng, j}zfv !^ b]lv !* ;Dd hg;xsf/L / !( ut] k|b]z aGb /x]sf
5g\ . xTof/f] ;]gfn] u/]sf] g[z+; xTof, lu/km\tf/L, cfuhgLsf lj?4 3f]if0ff
ul/Psf] k|b]z aGbsf] k|rf/ tLa| 9+un] z'?ePsf] 5 .
o;}aLr k|fKt Ps csf]{ ;dfrf/
cg';f/ r]q @@ ut] s}nfnLsf] pbf;Lk'/ uf=h=;=sf] k|tfkk'/ eGg] 7fp“df ;'lt/x]sf
a]nf xTof/f] ;]gfn] 3]/f xfn]/ kf“r hgf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] xTof u/]sf]
5 . xTof ul/Psfx?df lk=Pd= jL/jn / P=l;=Pd=qo lbg]z, ljgo / cd[t, P=l;=P;=
cfGbf]ng /x]sf 5g\ . xTof/f] ;]gfn] ;f]xL ufp“sf rkf wf]w/Lsf] % xhf/
ef/tLo ?k}of ;d]t n'6]/ nu]sf] 5 . o;}aLr r}q ( ut] a]n'sf s}nfnLsf]
vf]gfk'/ x;'nLofdf hg;]gfn] dfOg ljikmf]6g x'bf ! hgf ;]gfsf] d[To' ePsf] / (
hgf 3fOt] ePsf] va/ 5 . o:t} r}q !) ut] ag s6'jf dfgvf]nf af“s]df hg;]gfn]
tf]kaf6 cfqmd0f ubf{ Ps bh{g b'Zdg ;]gf k|x/L 3fOt] ePsf] va/ 5 .
kf“rxhf/ ls;fg4f/f ;o lj3f hldg sAhf
sGrgk'/ ÷ g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{-dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tjdf kf“rxhf/ eGbf jl9 ls;fgx?n] >Lk'/
ufh;sf] s'Voft ;fdGt sNof0f l;+xsf] ;o lj3f hUuf sAhf u/]sf 5g\ . r}q @$
ut] ePsf] hUuf sAhf cleofgdf @! lj3fdf nufPsf] pmv' jfnL klg sAhf ul/Psf]
5 . sAhf cleofgdf ls;fgx?n] !)* 6«\ofS6/ k|of]u u/]sf lyP . xl;of
xyf}8f / ls;fg ;+3sf em08f ;lxt 3/]n'
xltof/ jf]s]sf ls;fgx?n] h;sf] hf]t p;sf] kf]t, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_–lhGbfjfb †,
c=g]=ls=;+3-qmflGtsf/L_–lhGbfjfb † sf gf/f nufPsf lyP .
hUuf sAhf
cleofgdf a[4f b]lv o'jf;Ddsf ls;fg ;fd]n ePsf lyP . ;fdGtsf] hUuf sAhf ug{
hfg' cl3 ePsf] sfo{qmddf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ljgf]bn] ;fdGt /
hldGbf/n] ls;fgsf /ut kl;gf r';]/ y'kf/]sf]
hUuf cj e'ldxLg ls;fgnfO{ jf“l8g] jtfpg' eof] . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf
ls;fg g]tf /fdjxfb'/ rf}w/Ln] cjsf lbgdf qmflGtsf/L ls;fg cfGbf]ng b]ze/ km}ng]
3f]if0ff ug'{eof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng ljBfyL{ g]tf /d]z dNnn] u/]sf
lyP . ;fdGtsf] hUuf sAhf u/]/ kmls{Psf hgtfnfO{ sGrgk'/s} sflnsf ufh;sf]
6fpg eGg] 7fp“df ;fdGtsf n7}tx?n] v's'/L k|xf/ u/]sf lyP . t/ hgtfn]
k|ltsf/ u/] kl5 ;fdGtsf n7}tx? lrRofpb} …nf} df/] dfcf]jfbLx?n]Ú eGb} Toxf“jf6
efu]sf lyP .
;]tL–dxfsfnLdf
xhf/f} ls;fg ;fdGt / hldGbf/sf] hUuf sAhf cleofgdf ;fd]n ePkl5 cflQPsf] k'/fgf]
;Qfn] dfcf]jfbLn] hgtf ckx/0f u/] eGg] e|fds va/ cfkm\gf lgoGqLt ;+rf/ dfWodaf6
5g]{ u/]sf]df To:tf ;dfrf/k|lt hgtfn] 3f]/ lgGbf u/]sf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLsf ;]tL–dxfsfnL OGrfh{sf] r'gf}tL
g]kfn sDo'lgi6
kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_;]tL–dxfsfnL If]qLo Jo"/f]sf OGrfh{ s=k|efs/n] oxL r}q @^
ut] Ps k|]; jQmJo hf/L ub}{ ;z:q hgdf{lr¨nfO{ hgljb|f]xsf] ?kdf p7fpb} cufl8
a9g] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“4f/f hf/L jQmJodf elgPsf] 5–…oltj]nf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tjdf b]zsf cgsG6f/ u|fld0f Onfsfb]lv /fhwfgLsf
;8sx?df ;d]t u0ftGq g]kfn lhGbfjfb † sf] gf/f ;lxt ljb|f]xsf] 89]nf] ;lNs;s]sf]
5 . kf6L{ x]8Sjf6/ / klZrd s]Gb|Lo sdf08 sfof{nosf] lhjGt lgb]{zgdf
;]tL–dxfsfnL If]qsf] æ;z:q hgdf{lr¨ cleofgÆn] ljb|f]xsf] lbzfdf xnrn k}bf
u/]sf] 5 . xhf/f}+ xhf/ hgtfx? hgkmd]{zgsf] ?kdf Ps Pl/ofaf6 csf]{ Pl/of /
Pp6f lhNnfaf6 csf]{ lhNnfdf cToGt xiff]{Nnf; tyf alnbfgL efjsf ;fy ;z:q
kl/rflnt ePsf 5g . o;}nfO{ æ1fg]sf] l;tf vfP/ lutf ufpg]Æ k|rf/ dfWodn]
æckx/0fÆ sf] ;+1f lbPsf] 5 . o; qmddf s}nfnL, s~rgk'/df ls;fg cfGbf]ngn]
gof“ hfu/0f tyf ljb|f]x k}bf u/]sf] 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{sf If]qLo Jo"/f]
;b:o tyf s}nfnLsf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=k|j]z -hut /hu}of_ sf] zxfbtn] hgtfdf cfºgf]
Kof/f] g]tfsf] ;kgf k'/f ug]{ ;+sNk / b'Zdgk|lt 3[0ff / cfqmf];sf] Hjfnf
blGsPsf] 5 .Ú
o;}u/L jQmJodf
cufl8 elgPsf] 5–…s}nfnLdf r}t @@ ut] % hgf / s~rgk'/df r}t @% ut] 8L=;L=Pd=
s=lzv/ ;lxt # hgf xfd|f] xf]gfxf/ of]4fx?sf] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf hNnfb tyf
pgLx?s} u'08f4f/f xTof u/]sf] 5 . hgdflr{¨ / ls;fg cfGbf]ngdf ;xif{
hg;xeflutfnfO{ …ckx/0fÚ u/]sf] elg lrRrfpg] k|ltlqmofjfbL /fHo;Qfsf
6§"x?n] P;=Pn=l; kl/Iff lbO/x]sf @% hgf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ c5fd d+un;]gaf6
lu/ºtf/ u/L a]kQf kf/]sf] 5 . o;aLrdf sltko lhNnfdf cfkm'nfO{ Pdfn] /
d;fn–Pstfs]Gb|sf sfo{stf{ x'“ eGg]x?n] cfGbf]ng ef8\g] / kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L
s'k|rf/ ug]{ sfd ul//x]sf 5g . xfdL s=k|j]z nufotsf zlxbx?k|lt /]8 :ofn'6
ck{0f ub}{ pxf“x?sf] ;kgf ;sf/ kfg]{ ;+sNk ub{5f} . xTof, bdg, anfTsf/sf
lj?4 ;z:q hgdf{lr¨nfO{ hgljb|f]xsf] ?kdf p7fpb} cufl8 a9\g k|lta4 5f} .
u0ftGqsf] kIFkftL / d;fn Pstfs]Gb|sf sfo{stf{nfO{ ldqjt ?kdf cl3 a9\g cfXfg
ub}{ olb of] cfGbf]ng lj?4 u'08fubL{ / cgu{n e|d 5g]{ sfd ul/of] eg] cl3 a9\g]
sfjf{xLdf xfdL lhDd]jf/ gx'g] hfgsf/L u/fp5f}+ ;a} ;+rf/sdL{ / kqsf/x?nfO{ xfjfsf] e/df geO{ ;a} s'/f ;To
tYo k|rf/ ug{ cfu|x ub{5f}+ .Ú
dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQmdf]rf{sf] k|]; jQmJo
s'Voft
gf/fo0flx6L xTofsf08åf/f ;fdGtL ;fDk|bflos ;Qfdf k'u]sf] 1fg]Gb|–kf/; lu/f]x
clxn] emg lg/+s'z aGb} cfPsf] 5 . ;fd|fHojfbsf ;fd' b]zsf] cl:tTj aGws
/fv]/ k|fKt gzfdf dft]/ q'm/ kmf;Ljfbsf] k|bz{g ul//x]sf] s'/f 3fd em}+ 5n{¨
5 . of] 1fg]–kf/z lu/f]x Psflt/ b]ptf bz{gsf] 9f]¨ / slyt gful/s
clegGbgsf] gf}6ÍL ul//x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ hgtfn] k|fKt u/]sf] nf]stflGqs
clwsf/sf] ckx/0f tLj| ub}{ lbg–lbg} lgMz:q hgtfsf] xTof, cgfxs / j]lx;fa
lu/Îtf/L, c;x\o zf/Ll/s Pj+ dfgl;s oftgf, dlxnfdfly kfzljs anfTsf/ Pj+ xTof,
hgtfsf] wgdfnsf] n'6kf6 tyf e'm7 ;dfrf/ ;+k|]if0fdf nfu]sf] 5 . xfn}
xfd|f] df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fdgf/fo0f ofbjnfO{ ;nf{xLsf] xhl/ofaf6 lu/Îtf/
u/L r/d oftgf lbP/ jLeT; xTof u¥of] eg] xfd|f] cWoIf s=dft[sf ofbj / s]Gb|Lo
;b:o /fd;f]let ofbjnfO{ cem a]kQf kf/]sf] 5 . oxL r}q ( ut] xfd|f]
df]rf{sf pkfWoIf ;Togf/fo0f eutnfO{ ;nf{xLaf6 lu/Îtf/ u¥of] eg] /f}tx6sf lqe'jg
zfx / /fh]z zfx;lxt dw]zsf ;of}+ g]tf Pj+ sfo{stf{nfO{ lu/Îtf/ u/L r/d
;fDk|bflos oftgf ;lxt j]kQf kfl//fv]sf] 5 .
cfh d'n'[s
s'Voft efOdf/f 1fg]Gb| / kf/; zfxsf] ef8fsf 66\6'x?sf] kfzljs cTofrf/åf/f
cfqmfGt eO/x]sf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ;r]t a'l4hLjL, hfu?s gful/sx?
;+j]bgljxLg / ljgf på]ng r'krfk a:g] l:ylt /x]sf] 5}g . g]kfnL hgtfdfly
;fdGtL xTof/f lg/+s'z;QfjfbLåf/f nflbPsf] ;}lgs tfgfzfxL lj?4 ;zQm kmf}hL tyf
zlQmzfnL hgljb|f]xsf] wSsf g} Ps dfq ;xL / pRrtd ljsNk ePsf] 5 . b]z /
hgtfk|lt lhDd]jf/ / pQ/bfloTj ePsf ;a} b]zeQm, qmflGtsf/L /fhg}lts zlQmx?
df]rf{a4 hgcfGbf]ngsf] cf‘wLa]x/L ;[li6df h'6\g' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . o;}
cfjZostfnfO{ Wofg lbO{ g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_n] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] x'08/L ;[li6 ug{
u/]sf] cfu|xk|lt xfd|f] df]rf{ P]Soj4tf hfx]/ u5{ / cfGbf]ngk|lt k"0f{
?kdf ;xeflutf hgfpg ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfodf cfJxfg ub{5 .
@)^) r}q @^
k|e' zfx
dxf;lrj
dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfn
dfcf]jfbLsf] sAhfdf /x]sf k|lhc–8LP;kL;lxt ;}tL; l/xf
g]kfnu~h÷DofUbL
;b/d'sfddf hgd'lQm ;]gfn] P]ltxfl;s ljho xfl;n ubf{ sAhfdf k/]sf k|d'v lhNnf
clwsf/L, 8LP;kL;lxt #& hgfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] oxL r}q @$ ut] d'Qm ul/lbPsf]
s'/f g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ klZrd s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf O~rfh{ s=lbjfs/n]
Ps jQmJodfkm{t\ hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . pgLx?nfO{ sAhfdf lng] ljlQs} dfcf]jfbLn]
cfkm\gf kf6L{sf kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o dft[sf ofbj, j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;'/]z
cfn], du/ / klZrd h]ndf y'gfdf /xg' ePsf If]qLoJo"/f] ;b:o ltns zdf{nfO{
l/xf ug{] zt{ cufl8 ;f/]sf] lyof] . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbaf6åf/f
kflnt–kf]lift g]kfnsf] ;}lgs ;Qfn] dfcf]jfbL k|:tfjnfO{ 7f8} c:jLsf/
u¥of] . ;}lgs ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] hfoh k|:tfjnfO{ c:jLs[t u/] klg b]z /
hgtfk|lt lhDd]jf/Laf]w ub{} dfcf]jfbLn] pgLx?nfO{ d'Qm ul/lbPsf] 5 .
d'Qm ug{] ljlQs}
dfcf]jfbLsf klZrd s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf O~rfh{ s= lbjfs/n] Ps jQmJo hf/L ub{}
eGg'ePsf] 5 –æoxL r}q & ut] DofUbL lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd a]gLdf ;DkGg s]lGb|t
sfjf{xLsf qmddf xfd|f] lx/f;tdf /x]sf ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbL k'/fgf] ;Qfsf k|d'v
lhNnf clwsf/L ;fu/dl0f k/fh'nL, k|x/L pkl/Ifs /0faxfb'/ uf}td nufotsf #$
;'/IFfsdL{x?nfO{ l/xfO ug{ xfdLn] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf]
kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o tyf t/fO{sf nf]slk|o g]tf s=dft[sf ofbj, s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf
;b:o tyf hghfltsf k|d'v / k|f1 g]tf s=;'/]z cfn]du/ tyf If]qLoJo"/f] ;b:o
s=ltns zdf{sf] l/xfOsf s'/f p7fPsf lyof} . o;qmddf ljleGg dfgjclwsf/jfbL
;+:yf, gful/s ;dfh / k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L nufotsf kl/jf/hg;d]taf6 pxf“x?sf]
l/xfOsf nflu xfdLnfO{ u/]sf] cfu|xsf] sb/ ub}{ xfd|f] kf6L{sf cWoIf tyf hgd'lQm
;]gfsf ;jf]{Rr sdf08/ s=k|r08sf] lgb]{zg cg';f/ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L, k|x/L
pkl/Ifs nufot ;a}nfO{ cGt{/fli6«o /]8qm; -cfO;Lcf/;L_ k|ltlglwx?sf] /f]xj/df
cfh @)^)÷!@÷@$ ut] !) ah] d'Qm ul/Psf] ;j{q cjut u/fOG5 . ;fy} ;fdGtL
lg/+s'ztfjfbL ;Qfåf/f xfd|f ;+u7s, z'e–lrGts / hg;d'bfonfO{ ckx/0f u/L a]kQf
kfg]{, cdfg'lifs oftgf lbg] / xTof ug]{ jj{/ >[vnfnfO{ aGb u/L o'4aGbL /
/fhaGbLsf] Jojxf/ ug]{ u/fpg] sfo{df ;Dk"0f{ dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+3 ;+:yf /
gful/s ;dfhaf6 cem} k|efjsf/L kxn e}/xg]5 eGg] ljZjf; klg JoQm ub{5f} .Æ
l;l8of],
8LP;kL;lxtsf k'/fgf] ;Qfsf ;'/IffsdL{x?nfO{ l/xfO ug{ /f]Nkfsf] yjfªdf cfof]lht
Ps sfo{qmddf du/ft :jfoQ hg;/sf/ k|d'v ;Gtf]if a'9fdu/n] o'4jGbLx?nfO{ /]8qm;
k|ltlglwnfO lhDdf lbg' ePsf] lyof] .
;f] cj;/df pxf“n] km"ndfnf / cjL/ nufO{ o'4aGbLx?nfO{ ljbfO{ ug'{ ePsf]
lyof] .
wflbªdf km]l/ jLeT; xTof
sf7df08f}df slyt
k|wfgdGqL ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] dfgj clwsf/sf] kfngf ug]{ k|ltj4tf hgfO/x]s}
lbg wflbË lhNnfsf] cfluGrf]s ufh;df tLg hgf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{nfO{ lu/km\tf/
u/L xTof u/]sf] 5 . uf]/vf cf?3f6af6 uPsf xTof/f zfxL ;]gfn] oxL r}q !#
ut] ljxfg Onfsf OGrfh{ r]tgf/fo0f >]i7 - rGb|k|sf;_, d'gf yfkf -;lbIff_ / Pshgf gfd gv'n]sf AolQmnfO{
lu/km\tf/ u/L xTof ul/Psf] ;dfrf/df jtfOPsf] 5 . pgLx?sf] xTofsf] lj?4
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L lIflthn] s8f zJbdf lj/f]w ub}{ xTofsf] plrt jbnf lng] jtfpg'
ePsf] 5 . –cho
bz zfxL ;]gfsf] PDj';df d[To'
dsjfgk'/÷
oxL r}q ^ ut] dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] cfu|f ufh;sf] 8f“8fjf; / 3tL{vf]nfsf] aLrdf
kg]{ sRrL df]6/ af6f]df hgd'lQm ;]gfn] yfk]sf] ljB'tLo w/fkdf kl/ tLghgf zfxL
;]gfsf] d[To" ePsf] 5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ ;f] 36gfdf c? Ps bh{geGbf
a9L zfxL ;]gfx? uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . PDj';df kl/ ;s]kl5 hNnfb ;]gfn]
cGwfw'Gw ?kdf kmfol/Ë ub}{ :yfgLo jfl;Gbfx?nfO{ cftlÍt kfg'{sf ;fy} PDj';
ljikmf]6g ePsf] glhs}sf Ps lgbf]{if ls;fgsf] 3/ cfuf] nufO{ Wj:t kfl/lbPsf]
5 .
To;}u/L ef]lnkN6
r}q & ut] cfu|f, wflbËsf] e'ld:yfg, t;k'{ ufh;df ;r{ u/]/ kms]{sf] ^
g+=jflxgL j}/]gLsf] csf]{ zfxL ;]gfsf] hTyf t;k'{ ufh;sf] /ftdf6]df hgd'lQm
;]gfn] yfk]sf] PDj';df kbf{ & hgf zfxL ;]gfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] bh{gf}
zfxL ;]gf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . pgLx?nfO{ x]lnsf]K6/df /fv]/ pkrf/sf] nflu
sf7df08f} nluPsf] lyof] t/ of] ;dfrf/nfO{ pgLx?n] s'g} ;~rf/ dfWoddf
lbPgg\ . oL b'j} 36gfdf ;kmn PDj'; ug]{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sd/]8x?nfO{ ljz]if
j6flnog cGtu{t ^ g+= sDkgLsf sld;f/ lqrGb| / sdf08/ Hjfnfn] wGojfb lbg'ePsf]
lyof] .
cfu|f, e'ld:yfg,
t;k'{ ufh;df ;r{ u/]/ kms]{sf] 6f]nL t;k'{ /ftdf6]df PDj';df k/]kl5 cGwfw'Gw
kmfol/Ë ub}{ zfxL ;]gfn] r}q & ut] ljxfg g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf lhNnf ;b:o
k|sfz -ls/0f /fgf_ ;lxt Knf6'g ;]S;g sdf08/ cGh', Pl/of ;b:o4o /d]z /
lbIf0fnfO{ xTof u/]sf] 5 . To;
36gfdf cGo tLg hgf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] klg xTof ul/Psf] 5 t/ pgLx?sf] klxrfg eO;s]sf]
5}g . zfxL ;]gfn] xTof u/]sf k|sfz, cGh', /d]z / lbIf0fnfO{ dsjfgk'/ lhNnf
kf6L{n] dxfg\ ;lxb 3f]if0ff ub}{ To; xTofsf08sf] lj?4 r}q !! / !@ ut]
x]6f}+8fb]lv gfu9'Ëf;Ddsf] lqe'jg /fhky / gfu9'Ëfb]lv dn]v' x'b} wflbËj];L;Ddsf]
df]6/af6f]df rSsfhfd sfo{qmd /flvPsf] lyof] . ;f] rSsf hfd sfo{qmd ;fgbf/
9Ën] ;kmn ePsf] dsjfgk'/ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L /d0f, ^ g+=sDkgL sld;f/ lqrGb| / sdf08/
Hjfnfn] hgfb]znfO{ jtfpg'ePsf] 5 .
To;}u/L dsjfgk'/ lhNnf kf6L{n] ljleGg 36gfdf zxfbft k|fKt ug]{ s]zj tfdfË, pdf
g]kfn, s[i0f ;'j]bL, j}s'07 /]UdL, sNkgf >]i7, /fdk|;fb s+8]n, u0f]z kflv|g,
/d]z zfxL nufotnfO{ dxfg zxLb 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . – las] If]qL
k|lt/f]w lbj; ;DkGg
@)%% ;fn r}q %
ut] sfe|] lhNnfsf] cg]sf]6 uf=lj=; sf] bfxfn ufp“df s=Rofª\jf nufot ;ft hgf
hg;f“:s[lts snfsdL{nfO{ xTof u/]sf] lj/f]wdf dgfOb} cfPsf] k|lt/f]w lbj; oxL
r}q % ut] dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] z]v/k'/ ufh;df hgd'lQm ;]gf / # g+= Pl/ofn] ;+o'Qm
?kdf Ps sfo{qmdsf ;fy ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
sfo{qmddf # g+=
Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=tf/fdfg, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf k|ltlglw s=clgi7, s=uf]kfn / dlxnf
5fkfdf/ s=;'lgtf, s=sdnL, ls;fg g]tf s=;LkL l3ld/], dlxnf ;+3sf s=k|]/0ff, zxLb
kl/jf/sf] tkm{af6 s=ljg'sf a'jfcfdf / e§]8f“8fdf cfGtl/s b'3{6gfdf zxLb x'g'
ePsf s= ;'o{sf j'jf / cfdf, s=a6'dfof e'jgsf] pkl:ylt lyof] .
o;}aLr hg;f“:s[lts ;+3sf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ afudtL gf/fo0fL If]qLo ;b:o OGb|axfb'/ tfdfªn] Ps k|]z lj1KtL
hf/L ub}{ k|lt/f]w lbj; If]qe/L g} r}q $ ut] kmfOl/ª ;lxt dzfn h'n'; / r}q %
ut] :d[lt ;efsf] cfof]hgf ul/ dgfOPsf]
hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . ;+3sf l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf ;+of]hs /fdk|;fb l;kfnLn]] Ps
lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ k|+lt/f]w lbj;s} cj;/df r}q % ut] ljxfg !)M)) b]lv !@ ah];Dd
lhNnfsf ;Dk'0f{ n]vs tyf snfsdL{x?n] snd aGb u/]sf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .
o;}u/L oxL r}q & ut]
zlgjf/ nlntk'/s]f gNn', ef/b]pm, rf}3/] / bNrf]sLsf lzIfs j'l4hLljsf] pkl:yltdf
kf6L{sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd hgtf ;fd' k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] Pl/of kf6L{sf] cfof]hgfdf
k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . k|d'v cltly Pl/of OGrfh{ s=j;Gt, cltlyx?df
cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;b:o s=jLkLg, cg]ls;+3 lhNnf ;b:o s=;ld/h+u,
sfo{qmd ;~rfng s ljlkgn] ug'{ePs]f lyof] . To:t} oxL r}q !@ ut] % g+ lhNnfsf] #
g+ Pl/ofsf hj; tyf df]rf{sf] e]nf tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm
sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly dsjfgk'/ lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s=gjLg x'g'x'GYof] / k|d'v
cltly / zxLb s=ljg'sf] cfdf ;Ltfn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf pb\3f6g ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
cltlyx?df # g+ Pl/of OGrfh{ tyf lhNnf ;b:o s=UofDhf], clvn g]kfn dlxnf
;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf cWoIf kfj{tL du/, %g+ sDkgLsf @ g+ Knf6'g sdf08/ s=k|ltef
x'g'x'GYof] .
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf ljljw sfo{qmd
sf7df8f}+÷ blIf0f Jo'/f]df
/x]sf P;6LPkmsf ;]gfgLx?sf] ;xeflutfdf Ps xflh/L hjfkm sfo{qmd oxL r}q !^ ut]
s=l5b'ksf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . P;6LPkmsf hgd'lQm;]gfnfO{ $ ;bgdf
ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof] . ;bg dxfg\ zlxb s=?b| kflv|g, s=bLks, s=ljho,
s=eLdWjhsf] gfdaf6 gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . k|d'v cltlydf P;6LPkm sdf08/
s=clht, cltlyx?df s=gog x'g'x'GYof] .
o;}u/L blIf0f
Jo'/f]df /x]sf P;6LPkmsf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf of]4fx? oxL r}q !$ ut] hgtfsf v]tjf/Lsf
sfddf ;xefuL ePsf lyP . P;6LPkmsf sdf08/ s=clht / pkIf]qLo Jo"/f]
;b:o gfËf] v'§fdf v]t hf]tL /xg'ePsf] lyof] . pxf“sf ;fy ;]S;g sdf08/
s=/jLgnufot ;a} 6Ld ;xefuL ePsf] b]lvGYof] . o;}aLr oxL r}q !# ut] nlntk'/
lhNnfdf /x]sf P;6LPkmsf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf of]4fx?n] ;ldIff sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf
5g\ . k|d'v cltly P;6LPkmsf sdf08/ s= clht x'g'x'GYof] . / cltlyx? !!
g+ Pl/of OGrfh{ s=gog, cg]ls;+3-qmflGtsf/L_sf dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/ lhNnf cWoIf ;LkL
l3ld/], / % g+ sDkgL o'4;Djfbbftf /d]z x'g'x'GYof] . To:t} kmfu'g !$ b]lv
@! ut] sfe|] lhNnfsf] !) g+= Pl/of / aL sDkgL cGt{ut ! g+= Knf6'gsf] ;+o'Qm
cfof]hgfdf ofª\;Lvs{ ufh;df zxLb ;Ktfx sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . o;cl3 hgd'lQm
;]gfn] nlntk'/ / dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;`rfng u/]sf
lyP . pQm lzlj/df % g+ sDkgLdf sfo{/t 8fS6/x?n] hgtfsf] :jf:Yo kl/If0f ul/
cf}ifwL ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . –/d]z
g'jfsf]6df ljsf; lgdf{0f tLj|
g'jfsf]6sf
laleGg 7f“px?df kmfu'g & b]lv !$ ;Dd ;of} hgtf tyf sfo{stf{sf] pk:yltdf
ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
lhNnfsf] sNof0f
k|:tfljt dflj Dofª\n]df ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu rp/ ;Dofpg] sfd ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . g'jfsf]6s} s'df/L 8f“8fvs{df zxLbu]6 lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;'zLn
uf=h=;=s} j8f g+= % b]p/fnLdf dfwj zlxbu]6 lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} ;f]xL
uf=h=;=sf] rf}tf/LnfO{ zxLb ;'zLn rf}tf/L gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] 5 . v>fªdf
6\jfOn]6 lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . g'jfsf]6sf] eb|6f/ # nfO{ kl/jt{g rf]s
gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
o:t} k~rsGofdf
k|zfGt zxLbu]6 lgdf{0f ug'{sf ;fy} eb|6f/ gf}nfO{ k|zfGtrf]s gfdfs/0f ul/Psf]
5 . k|zfGtsf] xTofdf ;DnUg ;'/fsL l8NnLaxfb'/ ;'j]bLsf] 3/ hUuf sAhf ul/
em08f ;d]t ufl8Psf] 5 . uf}/L uf=h=;= j8f g+ ^ sf] clen]v rf}tf/f]nfO{
zxLb ljsn rf}tf/f] gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] 5 . dxfsfnL %nfO{ ljsf; rf]s gfdfs/0f
ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} uf}/L uf=h=;=j8f g+ ( sf] dfemufp“nfO{ c;'nkmn gfdfs/0f
ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;f]xL 7fp“df !)) ld6/ 6LeL lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
ledfb xTofsf08sf] lj/f]wdf hgk|b{zg
oxL r}q !&
ut] dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] !! g+ Pl/ofdf xftxltof/ ;lxt hgk|b{zg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . pQm sfo{qmddf ;of} hgtf gf/f nufpb} h'n'; sf]0f ;efdf kl/0ft ePsf]
lyof] . pQm ;efdf Pl/of OGrf{h s=gogn] jf]Ng' ePsf] lyof] . r}q
!& ut] !@ g+ Pl/ofsf] n's'gL j]zLdf klg lj/f]w sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePs]f 5 .
pQm ;efdf !@ g+ Pl/of OGrfh{ s=ljdfn] af]Ng' ePsf] lyof] .
o;}aLr af/f
lhNnfsf] lz;f}l6of O§f e§fdf sfdul/ /x]sf b'O{ dhb'/x?nfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] sAHFfDFF
lnO{ ut df3 @( ut] xTof u/]sf] 36gfnfO{ ;/sf/L ;~rf/ dfWodn] d'7e]8df dfcf]jfbL
dfl/Ps]f elg k|rf/ u/]kl5 xhf/f} hgtfn] To;sf] lj/f]w ub}{ /]l8of] /
6]lnlehgsf] k'Tnf hnfPsf 5g\ . To; cj;/df hgtfn] cfkm"x?n] cj k'/fgf]
;Qfsf ;a} ;~rf/ dfWodsf] alxisf/ ug]{ / nf]slk|o hgu0ftGq /]l8of]df dfq laZjf;
ug{ cfu|x u/]sf lyP .
zxLb lbj;sf sfo{qmdx?
ut kmfu'g !$
b]lv @! ;Dd ;Ktfxut ?kdf zxLb lbj; dgfOPsf] yk ;dfrf/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 .
l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] hnla/] uf=h=;=df lhNnfsf ;Dk'0f{ zxLb kl/jf/nfO{ ;Ddfg
ug'{sf ;fy} g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf ;ldltn] ;Ddfg u/]sf] 5 .
sfo{qmddf ;efklt nfxfg df]r{df ;xfbt k|fKt ug'{ePsf zxLb s=pk]Gb|sf a'jf
x'g'x'GYof] eg] s= lbklzvfn] sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pQm
sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=;'jf]w x'g'x'GYof] .
o;}aLr lvDtL ufh; l:yt gfuk'/s]sf] Ps k;ndf rGbf p7fO/x]sf gSsnL dfcf]jfbL
lxdfn j:g]tnfO{ hgtfn] lu/Îtf/ ul/ a'emfPsf]df @ g+ Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=ljs'nn]
hgtfk|lt cfef/ JoQm ug'{ePs]f 5 .
;fu/ dfcf]jfbLjf6 lgnlDjt
lhNnf ;+u7g
;ldlt dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/ !) g+= Onfsf OGrfh{ s= ;fu/ -z+s/ aflgof_ nfO{ kf6L{sf]
lglt tyf sfo{qmd tyf qmflGtsf] :k|L6 k|lts'n x'g] ul/ Jojxf/ u/]sfn] !) g+
Pl/of O\Grf{haf6 lg:sf;gsf ;fy} kf6L{ ;fwf/0f ;b:ojf6 klg clgZrLt sfnsf] nflu
lgnDjg ul/Psf] s'/f dfcf]jfbL nlntk'/–dsjfgk'/ lhNnf OGrfh{ s= cGh'nLn] xfn} Ps
k|]; jQmJo dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
;lxbsf] lrgf]M d o'4 d} nufpg] 5'
c3f{vf“rL÷ k|r08
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