|
jif{ !# c+s @*,
h]i7 @^ , @)^! Year 13, Issue 28, June 8,
2004 |
;nf{xLdf >4fGhnL sfo{qmd ;DkGg
ut
a}zfv @) ut] ;nf{xLsf] lhof]hf/df zfxL ;]gfåf/f xTof ul/Psf uf}/j clwsf/Lsf]
;Ddfgdf a}zfv #) ut] >4fGhnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;nf{xL lhNnf kf6L{ /
hgd'lQm ;]gf, kf“rf}+ j6flnog cGtu{t aL=sDkgLsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf
!% cf}+ j6flnog sdf08/ pQd, aL=sDkgL sld;f/ ljj]s, ;x–sld;f/ czf]s, ;nf{xL
lhNnf ! g+ Pl/of ;]qm]6/L ;Gb]z / ;nf{xL lhNnf Knf6'g sdf08/ ;"o{ cltly
x'g'x'GYof] . sfo{qmddf r'/] >[ª\vnf hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?n]
uLt tyf g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP . pQm sfo{qmd ! g+ Pl/of OGrfh{ /fdrGb|sf]
;efkltTj, clvn-qmflGtsf/L_sf lbg]z clwsf/Lsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L
xfn} ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] kTy/sf]6 ufh;cGtu{t lhofhf]/df zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfåf/f
lgd{dtfk"j{s oftgf lbP/ xTof ul/Psf s=sdn dfemL-ljgo_sf] ;Ddfgdf >4f~hnL
sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . pQm sfo{qmd kf6L{sf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=lzlj/sf] k|d'v
cfltYodf ;DkGg eof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng s=;Gb]zn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg]
s=/fdrGb|n] ;efkltTj ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cGo cltlydf dfemL /fli6«o d'lQm
df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj s=nfnaxfb'/ dfemL, dlxnf lhNnf cWoIf s=;ljgf, r'/]
;f“:s[lts kl/jf/af6 s=lktfDa/, s=/f]zg, kf“rf}+ lj|u]8 cGtu{t sDkgL sdf08/
s=cflzif / zxLb kl/jf/hgx?df zxLb s=sdn dfemLsf] a'af a'4dfg dfemL, cfdf kfj{tL
dfemL, bfO lbnaxfb'/ dfemL, alxgL lgdf{tf / efO{ dbg x'g'x'GYof] .
sfo{qmdsf]
klxnf] r/0fdf cGt/f{li6«o uLt / dxfg zxLbx?k|lt ! ldg]6 df}gwf/0f ul/Psf] lyof]
eg] dGrdf cfl;g ;Dk"0f{ cltlyx?n] dxfg\ zxLb s=sdn dfemLsf] t:jL/df
km"ndfnf r9fO{ ;Ddfg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{
k|d'v cltly ;]qm]6/L lzlj/n] eGg'eof]–æcfh xf]gxf/ sdn dfemLsf] cd/TjnfO{
xfdLn] zf]sn] geP/ sd{n] pxf“sf] xTofsf] abnf lng] c7f]6 / b[9 ;+sNk ug'{
k5{ . xTof/f ;/sf/n] ;of}+ sdnx?nfO{ df/]klg cGttM Gofok"0f{ o'4n]
xTof/f ;/sf/nfO{ rsgfr'/ kfl/ 5f8\g] 5 .Æ To;} u/L zxLbsf bfh' lbnaxfb'/
dfemLn] eGg'eof]– æcfh d]/f] efOn] zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ eof] . pxf“sf] d/0f
cfh ;u/dfyf em}+ pRr / ux|f}+ ePsf] 5 . xfdL klg ToxL af6f]df
lx+8g]5f}+ .Æ
o;}aLr
;nf{xLaf6 k|fKt Ps csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ a}zfv #! ut] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x?n]
xl/cf}gl:yt ;"o{ 6f]jfsf] sDkgLsf] sfof{no Wj:t kfl/lbPsf 5g\ . a}zfv
#) ut] nfnaGbLsf] jg sfof{no klg ad ljikmf]6 u/fO Wj:t kfl/Psf] lyof] .
o;}u/L h]7 @ ut] dxf]Q/Lsf] lhNnf jg sfof{no klg ad ljikmf]6 u/fO Wj:t kfl/Psf]
5 .
/fd]5fk–sfe|]df etL{ cleofg ;~rfng
/fd]5fk÷
ljleGg hgjuL{o ;ª\u7g / df]rf{x?n] /fd]5fk–sfe|]df ;~rfng u/]sf etL{ cleofgx?
pT;fxhgs 9ª\un] ;kmn /x]sf 5g\ . o;qmddf ;of}+ o'jf o'jtLx? hgldlnl;of Pj+
hg;ª\u7gdf nfdj4 ePsf 5g\ .
tfdfª
/fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{åf/f ut a}zfv !@ ut]b]lv z'? ul/Psf]–…/lQmd, Hjfnf,
7'nf]/fd, Zofd / 6;L :d[lt etL{ cleofgÚ xfn} ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . a]yfgl:yt
a]yfg ufh; ejgdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf tfdfª /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:oåo l8NnLdfg tfdfª / gfgLafa' tfdfªåf/f pb\3fl6t pQm cleofgsf] qmddf xhf/f}+
tfdfªx? ;ª\u7gdf cfj4 ag]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . ;f] sfo{qmddf ljz]if cltlysf]
?kdf dfcf]jfbLsf lhNnf OGrfh{ nlnt / ;]qm]6/L dbgn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf]
lyof] . etL{ cleofgsf] p2]Zo xfn} 3f]lift tfdfª :jfoQ hg;/sf/sf] /Iff ub]{
s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sJhf ug{ ;Dk"0f{ pTkLl8t tfdfªx?nfO{ ;ª\ul7t ug'{ /x]sf] s'/f
df]rf{sf lhNnf cWoIf 6ns l3l;ªn] atfpg' eof] . o;}u/L clvn g]kfn dlxnf
;ª\3-qmflGtsf/L_/fd]5fk–sfe]|n] ;~rfng u/]sf] …lbndfof–nlnsf etL{ cleofgÚ klg
xfn ufp“–ufp“df ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . ut a]zfv !& ut] w';]gL lzjfnodf
cfof]lht Ps hg;efdf pb\3fl6t pQm cleofgsf] qmddf ;of}+ dlxnfx? ;ª\ul7t eO;s]sf]
s'/f ;ª\u7gsL lhNnf cWoIf kfj{tL /;fOnLn] hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] .
To:t}
g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ /fd]5fk–sfe]| lhNnf ;ldltn]–…;k{0f, ;kmn / /jLgf :d[lt
etL{ cleofgÚ ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . ut a}zfv #) ut] sflt{s] b]p/fnLdf cleofgsf]
pb\3f6g blnt df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj afa'/fd uhd]/n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
cleofg ! dlxgf;Dd hf/L /xg]5 . o;}u/L cg]/f:jljo'-qmflGtsf/L_åf/f ;~rflnt
…sdn–kl;Gb|Ú cleofgsf] qmddf lhNnfe/ ;ª\u7g lgdf{0f, lj:tf/ / e]63f6 Pj+ hg;]jfsf
sfo{x? tLj| kfl/Psf] s'/f ;ª\u7gsf lhNnf cWoIf Zofd l;+x of]~hgn] atfpg'
eof] . o'4 ;+jfbbftf ;r]taf6
g'jfsf]6df PDj';df zfxL ;]gf 7x/}
g'jfsf]6÷oxL
a}zfv @) ut]b]lv ;~rflnt cleofgs} qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf of]4fx?sf] PDj';df k/L
oxL h]7 !& ut] g'jfsf]6 lhNnfsf] dbgk'/df # hgf zfxL cd]/LsL ;]gfsf] d[To'
ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L oxL h]7 % ut] g'jfsf]6 lhNnfs} s'd/L eGg] 7fpdf PDj';df
kl/ $ hgf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . hgbdgdf uO/x]sf] zfxL
;]gfnfO{ r]tfjgL:j?k pQm sfjf{xL ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . pQm sf/jfxLjf6 cQflnPsf]
zfxL ;]gfn] cGwfw'Gw hgtfsf] xTof ug]{ qmd hf/L /fv]sf] 5 , hgtfn] k'gM zfxL
;]gfdfly sf/jfxLsf] dfu u/]sf 5g\ .
/fhdfu{df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] dfr{kf;
;nf{xL÷xfn}
hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfn, kf“rf}+ lj|u]8sf of]4fx?n] ;nf{xLdf kg]{ k"j{–klZrd
/fhdfu{df ;z:q dfr{kf; ub}{ h'n'z k|bz{g / kmfol/ª u/]sf 5g\ .
o;qmddf
oxL h]7 # ut] hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf] !% cf}+ j6flnog cGtu{t aL / ;L sDkgLsf
of]4fx?sf] xft–xltof/n] ;'–;lHht kmf];{n] ;nf{xLsf] dx]Gb| /fhdfu{df kg]{
/fgLu~h rf]saf6 ljzfn dfr{kf; k|bz{g u/]sf lyP . ljleGg gf/fx? nufp“b} cl3
a9]sf] pQm cfsif{s h'n'z km'Nhf]/df k'u]/ kmfol/ª ;lxt ;dfKt ePsf] lyof] .
o;cl3 a}zfv @* ut] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] kmf];{n] ;nf{xLsf] nfnaGbL ahf/af6 dfr{kf;
z'? e} afx'gL 8f“8fdf k'lu ;dfkg ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L
a}zfv !# ut] dxf]Q/Lsf] vo/df/fdf hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn kGw|f}+ j6flnog /
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_dxf]Q/L lhNnf sfof{nosf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf ljzfn h'n'z
k|bz{g ;lxt hg;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . 6'6]Zj/ dlGb/sf] k|fª\u0faf6 z'? ePsf]
h'n'z vo/df/f d}bfgdf k'uL ;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . dfcf]jfbLsf dxf]Q/L
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=ls;gsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf !% cf}+ j6flnog
sdf08/ s=pQd, ;xfos sdf08/ z/0f, Knf6'g ;x–sdf08/ pHhjn nufotn] dGtJo JoQm ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . r'/] >[ª\vnf hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] g[To ;lxtsf ;f“:s[lts
sfo{qmd k:t't u/]sf lyP . pQm sfo{qmd dfcf]jfbLsf ! g= Ol/of OGrfh{
;'dgsf] ;efkltTj, ;L=sDkgL ;x–sdf08/ ;'idfsf] ;~rfng / sDkgL ;x–sdf08/ zlQmsf]
:jfut efif0fdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
o;}aLr
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] kf“rf}+ lj|u]8 sfof{non] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ ut a}zfv #! ut]
hgd'lQm ;]gfn] /fd]5fksf] bf]/Dafdf /x]sf] zfxL ;]gfsf] j]; SofDkdfly eLhLkL
k|xf/ ubf{ j]; SofDk c:tJo:t ag]sf] lyof] . ;f] lbg ;of}+ hgd'lQm ;]gfn]
bf]/Dafdf ;z:q h'n'z k|bz{g ;d]t u/]sf lyP . o; cl3 a}zfv @^ ut] bf]/Daf
d} hgd'lQm ;]gfn] u/]sf] cfqmd0fdf kl/ ^ hgf zfxL ;]gfsf] d[To' ePsf]
lyof] . –cfb]z s'df/
;b/d'sfdleq} hg;]gfsf] ;z:q dfr{kf;
l;Gw'nL÷
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_l;Gw'nL lhNnf ;ldlt / hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn !% cf}+ j6flnogsf]
;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf a}zfv @* ut] ;z:q dfr{kf; ;lxtsf] kmfol/ª h'n'z / ;ef ;b/d'sfd
l;Gw'nLdf9L leq} ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
ck/fGx|sf]
sl/a ;jf kf“r jh] ;b/d'sfdsf] ldngrf]saf6 ;fªjfn] x'“b} h'n'z dlemgLbdf/df uP/
sf]0f;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . pQm sf]+0f ;efnfO{ !% cf}+ j6flnog cGtu{t
P sDkgL sdf08/ s=hgsn] ;~rfng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] !% cf}+ j6flnog sld;f/
s=clgnn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ eof] . ;Daf]wgsf] qmddf s=clgnn] ;z:q dfr{kf;
;lxtsf] kmfol/ª h'n'zsf] dd{sf] af/]df k|sfz kfg'{ eof] . kmfol/ªkZrft\
nufOPsf qmflGtsf/L gf/fx?n] ;b/d'sfdjf;Lsf] Wofg lvr]sf] lyof] . ;z:q
dfr{kf; ;lxtsf] kmfol/ª h'n'zdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_–lhGbfjfb † ;fdGtL /fhtGq
d'bf{jfb, nf]stflGqs u0ftGq–lhGbfjfb, hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn–lhGbfjfb eGg] h:tf
qmflGtsf/L gf/fx?n] ;b/d'sfd u'~hfodfg lyof] . cfºgf] k/fhonfO{ 9fs5f]k
u/L e|dk"0f{ ;dfrf/x? ;Dk|]if0f ub}{ cfPsf] / dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lg:t]h agfpg
;b/d'sfdb]lv s]xL klZrdL e]u slknfsf]6 uf=h=;=sf] 5fkdf cfºgf] SofDk ;d]t v8f
ug{ k'u]sf] ;QfnfO{ ;b/d'sfd leq} ul/Psf] pQm h'n'zn] yk r'gf}lt lbPsf]
5 .
o;}aLr
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] z'?jft u/]sf] dxfg\ hgo'4 5f]6} cjlwdf 7"nf] pknlAw
xfl;n ub}{ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] l:yltdf l;Gw'nLsf]
;b/d'sfdnfO{ /IFf ug{sf lglDt ;b/d'sfdb]lv s]xL klZrdL e]u dl/g–dxfef/t If]qsf]
slknfsf]6 ufh;sf] 5fkdf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] j]; SofDk v8f u/]sf] 5 . SofDk
v8f kZrft\ ;f]xL Pl/ofsf Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=ZofdsfhLn] Ps lj1lKt hf/L u/L SofDk
:yfkgf u/L ;j{;fwf/0fdf ;]gfåf/f ePsf] HofhtLsf] 3f]/ lgGbf ub}{ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{
g} k};fsf] nf]enfnrdf km;fO{ l;cfO8L ;'/fsL ug{ ;d]t nufpg] ePsf] x'“bf
;Dk"0f{nfO{ ;r]t /xg / o:tf] sfo{ sbflk gug{ ;d]t cg'/f]w ug'{ ePsf]
5 . ljsNk
wg'iffdf sfjf{xL / ;]jf]6]h
hgsk'/÷ut
a}zfv !* ut] /ftL ;'/fsL Pj+ xTof/f /fhL z/0f ofbj / Oz'n /fOgsf] ;kmfof
ul/Psf] s'/f dfcf]jfbLn] hgfPsf] 5 .
b'O{ hgf
sfo{stf{sf] xTofdf l;cfO8L u/]sf], ob's'jf k|x/L sfof{noaf6 ;]gf / k|x/L af]nfO{
dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{nfO{ ;dft]/ xTof ug{ nufPsf] Pj+ s}of]+ ls;fgx?sf] hUuf
;d]t a]OdfgL u/L x8\k]sf] cf/f]kdf ;kmfof ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;}aLr ut
a}zfv !( ut] /ftL kf]tfxf rf]sl:yt sdnf l;+rfO sfof{no cGtu{tsf] # j6f uf8Lx?
hgdLlnl;ofn] Wj:t ug'{sf ;fy} ;f] sfof{noleq /x]sf ax'd"No pks/0fx? klg
Wj:t kfl/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . ;f]xL lbg gsxflemh cjl:yt s[lif ljsf; kl/of]hgf
s]Gb|df ;]jf]6]h u/L bh{gf}+ uf8L Wj:t kfl/Psf] 5 . ;f] sfjf{xLaf6 sl/a !)
s/f]8eGbf al9sf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . wg'iff aGbsf] k"j{ ;GWofdf pQm
sfjf{xL ul/Psf] lyof] . kl/of]hgfsf uf8L zfxL ;]gfn] k|of]u u/]sf
lyP .
cleofgsf] qmddf ljBfyL{ lbj; ;DkGg
cg]/f:jljo'-qmflGtsf/L_sf]
s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno a}7såf/f 3f]lift …sdn–kl;Gb| ;ª\u7g lj:tf/ tyf ;'b[9Ls/0f
cleofgÚ xfn hgsk'/ If]qLo ;dGjo ;ldlt cGtu{tsf lhNnfx?df tLj|tfsf ;fy ;~rfng
eO/x]sf] 5 . hgsk'/ If]qLo ;dGjo ;ldlt cGtu{t hgsk'/sf ^ lhNnf bf]nvf,
/fd]5fk, l;Gw'nL, ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L, wg'iff / jfUdtL c~rnsf] /f}tx6 u/L &
lhNnfdf s]lGb|t /xL ;~rflnt pQm If]qLo cleofg 6f]nLn] l;Gw'nL, ;nf{xL, dxf]Q/L
nufotsf lhNnfx?df cfºgf 3f]lift nIo cg'?k ljljw sfo{qmdsf ;fy ;DkGg ul/;s]sf
5g\ .
ljleGg
ljBfnox?df ljBfyL{ lzIfsx?;“u 5nkmn, cGtlqm{of, ;ª\u7g lgdf{0f, ;b:otf ljt/0f,
df; sfo{qmd cflb ;~rfng ub}{ cufl8 a9]sf] cleofgn] lgoldt /fli6«o kj{ tyf
lbj;x?nfO{ klg cleofgs} qmddf dgfPsf 5g\ . oxL qmddf h]7 ! ut]sf] ljBfyL{
lbj;nfO{ tLg r/0fdf ljefhg u/L # lbg] ljljw sfo{qmdsf ;fy ;DkGg u/]sf
5g\ . ljBfyL{ lbj;sf] klxnf] lbg h]7 ! ut] jfbljjfb k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg
ePsf] lyof] . pQm jfbljjfb k|ltof]lutfdf …;dfh kl/jt{gsfnflu jn k|of]u
cfjZos 5Ú eGg] ljifosf] kIfdf !) hgf / ljkIfdf !) hgf u/L hDdf @) hgf
k|ltof]uLx?n] cf–cfºgf dtx? /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . pQm k|ltof]lutfsf]
lg0ff{os d08ndf clvn-qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf tyf cleofg 6f]nL sdf08/
o'j/fh rf}nfufO{, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8L=jL= tfdfª / j'l4hLjL ;ª\u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
ef]nf ;fksf]6f /xg' ePsf] lyof] eg] ;~rfng clvn-qmflGtsf/L_l;Gw'nL lhNnf cWoIf
gf/fo0f e§/fO{ / ;efkltTj hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf Knf6'g sdf08/ s=l;4fyn] ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . k|ltof]lutfdf cleofgdf ;+nUg ;xfos l6dx? hgd'lQm ;]gf
g]kfnsf Ps 6's8L / r'/] >[ª\vnf ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf snfsf/sf] klg ;xeflutf
/x]sf] lyof] . pQm k|ltof]lutfdf lg0ff{os d08nsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ cleofg
6Ldsf ;b:o /jLGb| emf k|yd, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf s=ceo låtLo, ljBfyL{af6} cleofg 6Ldsf
;b:o hok|;fb Gof}kfg] t[tLo tyf z+s/ v8\sf / ;f]dk|;fb a/fn ;fGTjgf k'/:sf/
ljh]tf ag]sf lyP .
o;}u/L
ljBfyL{ lbj;s} bf]>f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd @ ut] xflh/L hjfkm k|ltof]lutf u/L
dgfOPsf] lyof] . pQm k|ltof]lutfdf $ 6f]nLdf ljeflht 6f]nLdWo] k|To]snfO{
!# j6fsf b/n] %@ j6f k|Zg ;f]lwPsf] lyof] . h;dWo] !% j6f hgo'4;“u
;DalGwt, !) j6f ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng;“u ;DalGwt, !) j6f cGt/fli6«o hut;“u, !) j6f
lj1fg k|ljlw;“u / & j6f k|Zgx? hgd'lQm ;]gf tyf o'4lj1fg;“u ;DalGwt /x]sf]
lyof] . pQm k|ltof]lutfsf] glthf 3f]if0ff ub}{ cleofg 6Ldsf sdf08/ o'j/fh
rf}nfufO{n] k|yd x'g] 8L u'|k, låtLo x'g] P u'|k, t[tLo x'g] aL u'|k tyf
k|ltof]lutfdf efu lng] ;L u'|ksf ;xefuLx?nfO{ awfO tyf wGojfb JoQm ug'{ ePsf]
lyof] . o;}u/L t]>f] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd h]7 # ut] >L hgHof]tL pRr df=lj=v'sf]{6df
Ps ;efsf aLr ;DkGg ul/of] . pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly clvn-qmflGtsf/L_sf
s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf o'j/fh rf}nfufO{ /xg' ePsf] lyof] . cGo cltlyx?df
;ª\u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8L=jL= tfdfª, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_l;Gw'nLsf ;lrjfno ;b:o
Pj+ cfhfb nfn l;+ @ g+ If]qsf If]qLo OGrfh{ s=gljg, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf Knf6'g
sdf08/ s=l;4fy, clvn-qmfltsf/L_l;Gw'nLsf cWoIf gf/fo0f e§/fO{ /xg' ePsf]
lyof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly o'j/fh rf}nfufO{n] jt{dfg lzIffdf ePsf]
lglhs/0f / c;dfgtfsf sf/0f ul/asf 5f]/f–5f]/L ;w} k5fl8 / l;ldt wgLsf 5f]/f–5f]/L
dfq cufl8 ePsf] ;fy} of] lzIffaf6 pTkLl8t hgzlQm ;dfhaf6 sfl6Psf / JolQmut
:jfy{ dfq lnKt /x]sf] s'/f atfpg' eof] . To;}u/L o:tf] c;dfg cj}1flgs,
c/fli6«o / ck|hftfGlqs lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{ kl/jt{g u/L gof“ hgjfbL lzIFf
k|flKtsf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{, lzIfs / cleefjsx?n] ;fd'lxs ?kdf ljb|f]xdf
h'6\g' kg]{ atfpg' eof] . o;}u/L ;ª\u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8L=jL= tfdfªn]
Oltxf;df ljBfyL{x?n] lbPsf] jL/tf / jlnbfgsf] rrf{ ub}{ h]7 ! To;}sf]
gd"gf ePsf] atfp“b} To;} ;ª\3if{sf] cfwf/df 6]s]/ cfh ljWffyL{ cfGbf]ng
of] 7fp“;Dd cfOk'u]sf] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmddf r'/] >[ª\vnf ;f“:s[lts
kl/jf/n] cfsif{s qmflGtsf/L uLt–g[Tox? k|:t't u/]sf lyP . pQm sfo{qmdsf]
;~rfng cleofg 6Ldsf ;b:o hok|;fb Gof}kfg]n], ;efkltTj lbg]z ofbjn] / :jfut
efif0f ;Togf/fo0f dxtf]n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . –s}nfz e§/fO{
ljBfyL{x? st} ;Dd]ngdf st}
cleofgdf
8f]Nkf ÷ kl/jt{gsf afxs zlQm
ljBfyL{x?sf] OR5f, rfxgf / b[9 lgZrotfnfO{ b'lgof“sf] s'g tfstn] /f]Sg ;SYof] /
< To;}n] k|lts[ofjfbL zf;sx? ;Qfdf ghfbf;Dd ljBfyL{nfO{ em¥ofË agfp“5g\ / ha
;Qfdf k'U5g\ ta ljBfyL{n] /fhgLlt ug'{x'b}g eg]/ k|ltaGw nufp“5g\ . hgjfbL
Joj:yf g} o:tf] Joj:yf xf] hxf“ ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbL zlQmsf] lxt afx]s ;a}
k|sf/sf] /fhgLlt ug]{ :jtGqtf x'g] 5 . oxL dfGotfsf ;fy clxn] b]ze/sf
qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{x? ;+u7Lt ePsf 5g\ .
8f]Nkf l:yt xfd|f ;Djfbbftf t'nf/fd a'9fsf cg';f/ clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_n] bf]>f] lhNnf ;Dd]ng u/]sf 5g\ . df]8]n Pl/ofdf kg]{ sflnsf
df=lj=df ut a};fv $ / % ut] ;DkGg ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
k"0f{axfb'/ l;+xn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngn] afuaxfb'/ a'9fsf] cWoIftfdf
!# ;b:oLo sfo{;ldlt r'g]sf] 5 .
wd{hLt a'9fsf] cWoIftf / afuaxfb'/ a'9fn] ;~rfng u/]sf]
sfo{qmdsf] aGb;qdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf l;=l;=Pd= s= c0f', cf/=la=Pd= s= o'4,
l8=l;=P;= s= lzv/ nufotn] ljBfyL{n] kl/jt{gsf/L cfGbf]ngdf v]Ng'kg]{
e"ldsf / hgjfbsf] af/]df k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
ptf 8f]6Laf6 /ljGb|n] k7fPsf] ;dfrf/ cg';f/ clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_sf lhNnf cWoIf e/ts'df/ lji6sf] sdfl08Ëdf ljBfyL{ j6flnog lgdf{0f
ePsf] 5 . 306]Zj/ pRr df=lj=df cWoog/t\ ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{x?sf] ;fd'lxs
cg'/f]wdf pQm a6flnog lgdf{0f ul/ Ps xKt] hgdfr{ cleofgdf lx8]sf lyP . ;lxb s=
lzlz/sf] gfdaf6 gfdfs/0f ul/ ælzlz/ ljBfyL{ ;}Go a6flnogÆ /flvPsf] lyof] . pQm
a6flnogsf] sDkgL P df sdf08/ rGb|axfb'/ af]x/f, la= sDkgL sdf08/ sf}lznf s7fot,
/ l; sDkgL sdf08/ lxdfn /x]sf lyP .
pQm a6flnogn] hgdfr{ cleofg ;~rfng ul/ ljb|f]xsf] cfjZostf
af/] hgtfdf r]tgf km}nfpg] / /fli6«otfsf] ;+/If0fsf lglDt of] k|lts[ofjfbL
;Qfsf lj?4 Psh'6 x'g'kg]{ af/] 3/b}nf] cleofg rnfPsf] lyof] . cleofgdf hfg
kfPsf]df ljBfyL{x? lgs} pT;flxt lyP . cleofgn] ljBfyL{nfO{ hgtfsf] hLjg:t/
a'em\g, hgtf;+u Psfsf/ /xg 7'nf] d2t k'¥ofPsf] lyof] .
cleofg ;dfkgsf] cj;/df pQm Pl/of kf6L{n] ljbfO{ ;df/f]xsf]
cj;/df hg;ef /fv]sf] lyof] . pQm hg;efdf cleofg ofqLx?nfO{ wGojfb lb+b} kf6L{
l8=l;=Pd= s= lbSkfnn] clj/ / km"ndfnf nufOlbP/ ljBfyL{x?sf] pRr zfx;sf]
;Ddfg u/]sf] s'/f ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
o;}ul/ 8f]Nkfsf ls;fgx?n] klg ;+u7gsf] bf]>f] lhNnf ;Dd]ng
;DkGg u/]sf 5g\ . ;Dd]ngdf lhNnfsf ljs6 j:tLsf nfdf ;d'bfosf] klg pn]Vo
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
æ;fdGtL pTkfbg k|0ffnLsf] lj?4 xfd|f] cfGbf]ng, cfd ls;fg
ljb|f]xsf lglDt bf]>f] lhNnf ;Dd]ng †Æ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g lhNnf kf6L{ O~rfh{ s= o'4n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;Dd]ng
;kmntfsf] lglDt z'esfdgf lbg]x?df lh=h=;= k|d'v g}gk|;fb kxf8L, l8=l;=P;=
s=lzv/ nufot ljBfyL{, dlxnf, blnt cflb ;+u7gsf k|ltlglwx? lyP .
;Dd]ngn] uf}/jaxfb'/ a'9fsf] cWoIftfdf !% ;b:oLo lhNnf sfo{
;ldlt ;j{;Ddltn] lgjf{rg u/]sf] 5 . tLg r/0fdf ;DkGg pQm ;Dd]ng ut j};fv !&
/ !* ut] ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . clGtd r/0fdf k|lzIf0f lb+b} k|d'vcltly s= o'4n]
g]kfnL hgo'4 ls;fg o'4 ePsf]n] o;df ls;fgsf] g} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xg]
atfpg' eof] .
;'v]{tn] cfwf bh{g klqsf lgsfNof]
;'v]{t
÷ k|hftGqsf] b'xfO{ lbP/ gyfSg] jt{dfg kmfl;i6 1fg]Gb|sf] ;Qfn] /fhwfgLaf6
k|sflzt x'g] hglk|o klqsfx?df k|ltaGw nufP klg b]zsf ljleGg efuaf6 klqsfx?
k|sflzt eO/x]sf 5g\ . o;}qmddf ;'v]{t lhNnfaf6 dfq} ;fKtflxs, kflIfs /
dfl;s u/L ljleGg k|sf/sf cfwf bh{g klqsf k|sfzg ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . ljrf/
k|wfg, ;dfrf/ k|wfg, ;Gb]zd"ns, ;fdlos /fhg}lts 36gfqmd, ;f+u7lgs ultljlw
pNn]v u/L tL klqsfx? k|sflzt ul/Psf 5g\ .
o;/L
k|sflzt ePsf klqsfx?df nf]s]Gb|/fh /fgfsf] ;Dkfbgdf !@ k[i7sf] lrqe"ld
ljrf/ k|wfg dfl;s, vu]Gb| /fgfsf] ;Dkfbgdf !^ k[i7sf] æl;DtfnL cfjfhÆ dfl;s,
u+uf/fd ltldlN;gfsf] ;Dkfbgdf æclvn cfjfhÆ dfl;s, / chosf] ;Dkfbgdf ægof“
cfjfhÆ dfl;s /x]sf 5g\ . o;}ul/ æljb|f]xsf] cfjfhÆ kflIfs, ;f+:s[lts
k|lt/f]w ljz]iffÍ, ædf]8]n ;fKtflxsÆ / ægof“ df]8]n ;fKtflxsÆ /x]sf 5g\ .
oL ;a} klqsfx? lnyf]åf/f lk|G6 ul/Psf 5g\ .
g]jf/ df]rf{sf] k|yd e]nf ;DkGg
/fd]5fk÷
g]jf/ hfltx?sf] jf:tljs d'lQmsf] vflt/ juL{o d'lQm cfGbf]ng;“u Psfsf/ eO hftLo
:jfoQ / cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ k|flKtsf] ;ª\3if{df ;ª\3if{/t g]jfM d'lQm df]rf{
g]kfn /fd]5fksf] P]ltxfl;s k|yd lhNnf e]nf ut a}zfv !% ut] ;DkGg eof] .
e]nfsf]
pb\3f6g ub}{ k|d'v cltly dfcf]jfbLsf /fd]5fk lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=dbgn] Psn hftLo
cfGbf]ng ;kmn gx'g] atfp“b} juL{o d'lQm cfGbf]ng;“u ;dfof]hg u/]/ dfq juL{o tyf
hftLo d'lQm cfGbf]ng ;kmn x'g] atfpg' eof] . lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v wfjf
nfdfn] ;+;f/s} hftLo ;d:ofx?nfO{ hftLo :jzf;g / cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/n] dfq
;dfwfg ug{ ;Sg] ePsfn] xfd|f] kf6L{n] s]xL dlxgf cufl8 b]zsf * j6f :jfoQ
k|b]zsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 eGg' eof] . @ g+ Onfsf hg;/sf/ k|d'v Zofd
>]i7n] g]jf/ hflt, ;“:s[lt / efiffaf/] ;f/ule{t dGtJo lbg' ePsf]
lyof] . e]nfsf cGo cltlyx? blnt d'lQm df]rf{ /fd]5fksf lhNnf ;b:o lji0f'
tf]n¨], lhNnf nlhli6s ljefusf ;]qm]6/L s=;Gb]z / snfsf/ s=clzdn] e]nf ;kmntfsf]
z'esfdgf dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] . e]nfn] Zofdgf/fo0f >]i7 cWoIf, lg/j
>]i7 ;lrj / bfgaxfb'/ >]i7 sf]iffWoIf /x]sf] !! ;b:oLo gof“ lhNnf
;ldltsf] rog u/]sf] 5 . e]nfaf6 lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ wgb]jL >]i7n]
awfO dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] . e]nf Zofdgf/fo0f >]i7sf] ;efkltTj /
bfgaxfb'/ >]i7sf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] eg] ltkmbL ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n]
uLt–g[To k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] . –;r]taf6
k|ltef ;}Go etL{ cleofg ;~rfng
oxL
h]i7 % ut]b]vL g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_dsjfgk'/ / nlntk'/ hgd'lQm ;]gf % g+ sDkgL4f/f
k|ltef ;}Go etL{ cleofg ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . cleofgdf bnfn tyf e/f}6] zfxL
;]gf lj36g u/ / hgd'lv /fli6«o ;]gf lgdf{0f u/, dxfg zxLb kf“rf} sDkgL ;xfos
sdf08/ lgzf dfof uf]n]-s=k|ltef_, Pl;Pd s=s'j]/, / cy{ a lyªsf] xTofsf] abnf
lnG5f}+ lnG5f}+, hgo'4sf dxfg zxLb nfn;nfd, kmf;LjfbL /fhtGq d'bf{jfb, zfxL
cd]l/sL ;]gf d'bf{jfb, gof“ hgjfbL u0ftGq lhGbfjfb h:tf gf/fx? cleofgdf ;d]l6Psf
lyP .
o;}u/L
oxL h]7 !) ut] s=k|ltefsf] ;Ddfgdf pxfsf] hGdynf] 3/cf“ugdf >bf~hnL ;ef
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . # g+= Pl/offsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf cGt{/fli6«o
uLt ;lxt zlxbx?k|lt >bf~hnL ck{0f ub}{ % g+=sDkgLsf hgd'lQm ;]gfn] ! kmfo/
ub}{ ! ldg]6 df}gwf/0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . k|d'v cltly If]= Jo"= ;b:o
tyf % g+= sDkgL sldzf/ s=pbLk x'g'ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdsf cltlyx?df pk= If=]
Jo"= ;b:o tyf sDkgL sdf08/ s=km'jf{, lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s=UofDhf,]
s=gljgn] dxfg zxLbsf] kmf]6f]df dfNofk{0f kl5
s=k|ltefsf] kl/jf/nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . zxLb s=k|ltefsf] a'af
s=pbosf] ;efkltTjdf pQm sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . o;}aLr oxL h]7 * ut] %
g+ lhNnfsf] !! g+ Pl/ofsf]] cfof]hgfdf ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdf08 blIf0f
pkJo"/f] cGt{ut ePsf ;Dk"0f{ zxLbx?sf] ;Ddfgdf Ps >bf~hnL ;ef ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . k|d'v cltly % g+ lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o sgog, tf/fd'df]sf lh ;b:o
OGb| j 7f]Ss/, du/ft /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf lhNnf ;b:o 5qjxfb'/ /fgf / j]tgL
ufh; k|d'v lg/ j kflv|gn] sfo{qmddf ;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . s=k|sfzsf]
;efkltTj s :d[ltsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf s=d~h'n] :jfut efif0f
ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
hg;Qf4f/f lgdf{0f ul/Psf] k'n pb\3f6g
oxL
h]i7 !@ ut] % g+ lhNnfsf] kmfj/jf/L ufh; cGt{ut kmfk/jf/L vf]nfdf cg'dflgt #
nfvsf] nfutdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] k'n hghfu/0f cleofgs} qmddf Ps eJo sfo{qmd cfof]hgf
ul/ pb3f6g ul/Psf] 5 . k'nsf] pb\3f6g g]= s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo
;Nnfxsf/n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf Pl/of OGrfh{ s=;ld/n] ;Djf]wg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . !)^& hgf :yflgo hgtf / ^%) hgf Pl/of kf6L{sf
sd/]8x?sf] >d nufgL ePsf] pQm k'n lgdf{0fsf nflu cfjZos sf7, lsNnf, sf“6L
Pl/of kf6L{n] h'6fPsf] lyof] . pQm sf7] k'nsf] gfd zxLb :d[lt /ftf]
k"n /flvPsf] 5 . k'n pb3f6gkZrft\ hghfu/0f cleofg kmfj/jf/L ahf/df Ps
hg;efdf kl/0ft eof] . h;df k|d'v cltyL s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ s=uuf+/fd x'g'x'GYof]
eg] cltlyx? % sDkgL sld;f/ s=plbk,
sDkgL sdf08/ s=km'jf{, hghfu/0f cleofg-dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/_lhNnf ;+of]hs s=;ld/,
s=gljg, sDkgL le l; s=k|;fn, g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ lhNnf cWoIf s=/fh]z, dfemL
d'lQm df]rf{sf lhNnf cWoIf s=bGtnfn dfemL, ufh; k|d'v ho j jfOjfn] ;Djf]wg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;LkL l3ld/]sf] ;efkltTj, Hof]ltsf] ;~rfngdf ;KkGg pQm
sfo{qmddf clg;n] :jfut dGtJo /fVg'ePsf]
lyof] .
lzIfsx?sf] k|yd lhNnf e]nf ;DkGg
/f}tx6÷
oxL h]7 $ ut] /f}tx6df clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;ª\3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] e]nf ;DkGg
eof] . ;of}+ lzIfsx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ;f] e]nfsf k|d'v cltly dfcf]jfbL
/f}tx6sf OGrfh{ s=lrq x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“n]] juL{o d'lQm;“u} ;Dk"0f{
z}lIfs ;d:ofx?sf] klg ;dfefg x'g] ePsfn] lzIfsx?nfO{ hgo'4df ;xefuL aGg cfu|x
ug'{eof] . pQm lhNnf e]nfn] & ;b:oLo lhNnf sld6Lsf] u7g u/]sf]
5 .
n]lgg lbj; tyf g]skf :yfkgf lbj; ;DkGg
ut
a}zfv !) ut] dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/ Pl/of g+ # / hgd'lQm ;]gfn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf n]lgg
hoGtL tyf g]skf :yfkgf lbj; dgfof] . s=clgi6n] ;~rfng ug'{ePsf]] pQm
sfo{qmddf s=gljg / s=tf/fdfgn] dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . s=uf]kfnn] :jfut
efif0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L nlntk'/sf] luDbL ufh;df j}zfv !) ut] n]lgg
hoGtL Pj+ kf6L{ lbj; dgfOPsf] 5 . s=ch'{gsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm
sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly s=lbk]z x'g'x'GYof] eg] s=ljsf;, s=eQmn] ;Djf]wg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng s=cfsf;n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
To:t}
sfe|] lhNnfsf] tfn9'+ufdf n]lgg hoGtL Pj+ g]skf :yfkgf lbj; dgfpg] qmddf j}zfv
!) ut] kmfOl/ª ;lxt dzfn h'n'; ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm h'n'; tfn9'uf+ ahf/nfO{
kl/qmdf u/L sf]0f;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . ;efnfO{ ljgf]bn] ;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
To:t]} sfe|]sf] uf]s'n ufh;df kmfOl/ª ;lxt dzfn h'n'; ;DkGg eof] . To:t}
a}zfv !) ut] !! g+ Pl/ofdf Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/ lbj; dgfOof] .
sfo{qmdsf cltly s=lbk]z, ^ g+ Pl/of OGrf{h s=ljsf;, * g+ Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=eQm
x'g'x'GYof] eg] sfo{qmd s=ch'{g rf}nfufO{n] ;~rfng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L ut j}zfv !) ut] wflbª lhNnfsf] ;Nofgsf]6 ufh;df n]lgg hoGtL
dgfOof] . pQm lbj;sf] cj;/df 5fkfdf/ ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;of}+ ;lxb
;lxt s=r]tgf/fo0f >]i7, s=rGb|k|sfz, s=d'gf yfkf, s=;lbIffsf] ;Demgfdf
>bf~hnL ;ef ;DkGg eof] . s=;lbIffnfO{ d/0ff]k/fGt kf6L{ ;b:otf k|bfg
ul/Psf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmd s=a;Gtsf] ;~rfng, s=clgzfsf] ;efkltTj / sfo{qmdsf cltlyx?df s=zf]ef, s=lhjGt,
s=hldg, s=;+lGhtf x'g'x'GYof] .
o;}u/L g'jfsf]6 lhNnfsf] ufpj]zLl:yt sf]6]Zj/ dfljdf sf]0f ;ef ;DkGg
eof] . l;kf/Lrf]s, dl0f 6f]nb]vL Hofdg6f]n;Dd Pl/of kf6L{ / @ g+= sDkgLn]
kmfOl/ª ;lxt ;+o'Qm ?kdf dzfn h'n'; ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
lj1lKt dfkm{t xTofsf] lj/f]w Pj+ eT;{gf
lj/u+h÷ut
a}zfv !& ut] af/f lhNnfsf] /tgk'/L ufh; nfnl:yt efn'vf]nfdf lgz:q cj:yfdf
/x]sf sfo{stf{x? cg]d;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ af/f lhNnfsL cWoIf tyf af/f lhNnf
;]qm]6/Lo6 ;b:o s=gd"gf-zflGt k/fh'nL_, lhNnf ;]qm]6/Lo6 ;b:o s=;fDt]g
-sfn'l;+x ef]ng_, af/f lhNnf ;b:o tyf cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ sf]iffWoIf s=;ldIff
-pld{nf clwsf/L_, kf6L{ Pl/of ;b:o tyf cg]d;+3-qmlGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;b:o s ;/nf
-l6sf g]kfn_ kf6L{ Pl/of ;b:o tyf ;~rf/ ljefu ;b:o s=j;Gt -jL/ j=3nfg_nfO{
kf6L{ sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf lgz:q /x]sf] cj:yfdf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf xTof/f hTyfn]
lu/km\tf/ u/L r/d oftgf lbO{ xTof u/]sf] 5 .
pQm xTofsf]
3f]/ eT;{gf ub} lhNnf OGrf{h s=lzv/ / lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=k|sfzn] Ps lj1lKt dfkm{t
36gfdf kl/ zxfbt k|fKt ug'{x'g] sd/]8x?nfO{ dxfg zxLb 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf]
5 . To:t}, @)^!a}zfv !* df pQm xTofsf] lj/f]w Pj+ eT;{gf ub}{ cg]/f:jljo'
-qmflGtsf/L_ afudlt gf/fo0fL ljz]if If]lqo ;ldlt ;+of]hs xl/ rf}nfufOn] Ps
lj1lKt k|sflzt ug'{ePsf] 5 . @)^!a}zfv !* df g} pQm xTofsf] 3f]/ eT;{gf
ub}{ cg]d;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_afudlt gf/fo0fL If]lqo ;ldlt ;+of]hs sNkgf wdnfn] klg
Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
s=ljrf/k|lt b'O{ zAb
– ldng 3fon
hfh/sf]6df /x]sf] k|l;4 h'gL sDo'gsf] km]bL ufp“ ;'jfgfpnLsf]
;'jfdf a'jf g/] yfkf / cfdf lxp;/Lsf] sf]vaf6 hGd]sf s= ljrf/ Ps lbbL / b'O{
efO dWo] sfG5f] x'g'x'GYof] . @)#* ;fndf hlGdPsf s= ljrf/sf] jf:tljs gfd
jL/axfb'/ xf] . lgDg dWod juL{o kl/jf/df hlGdPsf sf/0f jfNosfn Tolt
si6bfos /x]g . ;fg} pd]/b]lv ldhfl;nf], d]xgtL / g/d Jojxf/sf] sf/0f ufp“
;a}n] /fd|f] dfGby] . ufp“s} ljBfnoaf6 k9fO{ z'? u/]sf s= ljrf/n] sIff *
;Ddsf] cWoog ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
km6fxfx?sf] lyrf]ldrf] / cTofrf/ ;xg g;ls qmflGtsf] af6f] /f]Hg'
eof] . o;}qmddf hgo'4g} cfkm\gf] l7s af6f] xf] eGg] 7fGb} @)%& ;fnb]lv
k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{ x'g'eof] .
kf6L{ / qmflGtsf] lhDd]jf/L k'/fug]{ qmddf tLg dlxgf ;Dd Pl/ofdf
v6]kl5 ;}Go kmd]{zgdf hfg'ePsf] lyof] . :Sjfo8df egf\{ eO{ sDkgL ;Ddssf]
kmd]{zgdf sfd u/]sf s= ljrf/ y'k|} 7fp“sf n8fO{df ;xeflu /xg' ePsf]
lyof] . bfËsf] 3f]/fxL, c5fd, ;f“km]ju/, v/fgL kf/]kl5 pxf“ 3/ e]63f6df
hfg' ePsf] lyof] . e]63f6sf qmddf ufp“df xfdL ;a}nfO{ o'4df nfUg'kg]{
k|]/0ff lbg'x'GYof] . pxf“s} k|]/0ffn] d}n] pxf“sf] zxfbt kl5 o'4df nfUg]
c7f]6 u/]+ .
3/ e]63f6df uPsf] a]nf pxf“n] d;+u xfdLn] ufp“df ePsf]
km6fxfx?sf] cTofrf/ vtd ug'{k5{ . olb d o'4df d/]+ eg] klg d]/f] emf]nf /
aGb'snfO{ tkfO{+x?n] af]Sg'xf]nf eg]sf] s'/f d clxn] emnemnL gflr/x]sf] v]V5' . pxf“n] lj5f]8sf]
a]nf lj5f]8 klg tLg k|sf/sf] x'G5 eg]/ xfdL olta]nf ef}uf]lns lj5f]8 dfq
x'b}5f}+ . Oltxf;n] rfx]df ef}lts lj5f]8 klg x'g;S5 eGg' ePsf] s'/f cfh
;To ;fljt ePsf] 5 . bfO † n8fO{sf] df]rf{ xf] hf] hxf“ klg 9Ng ;lsG5
eg]sf] pxf“sf] jfSo clxNo} h:tf] nfU5 . of] ;bf :d/0fLo ePsf] 5 .
kf6L{sf] of]hgf k'/f ug]{ qmddf ufd, ln:g], vf/fdf ;d]t df]rf{df
cu|k+lQmdf axfb'/Lsf ;fy n8]sf s= ljrf/ c3f{vf“rLsf] df]rf{df pxf“ nufot cGo ^$
hgf jL/ ;k'tx?sf] pRr zxfbt ePsf] lyof] . cfh pxf“x?sf] cbDo ;fx;n] g}
kf6L{nfO{ of] Ifdtf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . ltg} jL/ s= ljrf/ k|lt >4fsf b'O{
zAb .
pxL 36gf M st} pT;j st}
;dj]bgf
h'Dnf ÷st} ljho pT;j t st} >4f~hnL ;ef o:t} /x]5 qmflGtsf]
lgod. a]gL sfjf{xLsf] va/ ;txaf6 cem}+ ;]nfPsf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL hg;]gf
tkm{ pRr txsf sdf08/x? b]lv ;+Vofdf klg &) eGbf a9L ;xfbt ePsf] / b'Zdgsf]
klg j6flnogsf] kmf];{nfO{ k/f:t u/]sf] 36gf l5§} ;]nfpg] s'/f klg t ePg .
xfdLnfO{ h'Dnfaf6 r+v /f]sfofn] k7fPsf] ;dfrf/ cg';f/ a]gL
sfjf{xLsf] ;kmntfaf6 pT;flxt hgtfn] ljho pT;j dgfPsf 5g\ . h'ljwfdf ePsf]
ljho ;efdf sl/a %,))) dfG5] pkl:yt eP . ;lxbx?nfO{ ;Ddfg u/], ljhodf gfr],
ufP, /dfP / km]/L csf]{ a]gLx? sAhf ug]{ s;d vfP . sfo{qmdnfO{ l8=l;=P;=
s= lIflthn] ;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;Djf]wgsf qmddf a]gLsf] pknAwL /
To;sf] k|efjaf/] k|i6 kfg'{ePsf] lyof] .
ptf sflnsf]6af6 sbd a'9fn] k7fPsf] ;dfrf/ cg';f/ a]gL cfqmd0fdf
;lxb x'g] sflnsf]6s} bf]>f] / t]>f] la|u]8sf le=l;=x? qmdzM s= of]4f / s=
ax'lj/ nufot To;} IF]qsf cGo ;lxbx? hf] a]gLd} ;lxb ePsf lyP k|lt >4f~hnL
;ef u/]sf 5g\ . pQm ;efnfO{ sflnsf]6sf l8=l;=P; s= k/fqmdLn] ;Djf]wg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . d'Vo cltlysf] ?kdf a]gLdf zxfbt x'g] la|u]8 le=l;= s=
of]4fsf a'jf kxnl;+x lj=s= x'g'x'GYof] . dGtJosf qmddf eGg'eof]– æd
5f]/fsf] /utsf] 7fp“df d]/f] /ut klg aufpg tof/ 5' . xfdLn] gof“ ;Gtfg
hGdfPsf 5f}+ . olta]nf xfdLn] lg/f;f, knfogtf / sfo/kgf b]vfpg] xf]Og a?
csf]{ a]gLsf] tof/L ug]{ xf] .Æ
sfo{qmddf s= of]4f, s=ax'jL/, s= ljgf, s= ljsf; / s= z}n]Gb| tyf
s= d'gfnx?sf] kmf]6f]df dfNofk{0f ul/ pxf“x?sf] ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg]{ k|lta4tf JoQm
ul/of] . sfo{qmdnfO{ cf/=la=Pd= s= rGbg, P;=cf/=la=Pd= s= lbks s]=;L=
nufotn] a]gL sfjf{xL tyf ;lxbx?sf] hLjgLaf/] k|i6 kfl/Psf] lyof] .
lhNnf sld6L sflnsf]6sf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf lhNnf
e/Lsf ;lxb kl/jf/sf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L x'Dnfaf6 k]|lift Ps ;dfrf/ cg';f/ ;b/d'sfdsf] glhs} kg]{
7] ufp“df Ps hg;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . *) k|ltzt eGbf klg al9 u|fdL0f
e"–efudf hg;Qfsf] cEof; rln/x]sf] tYo t ca s;}af6 klg l5k]sf] 5}g .
t/, ;b/d'sfd j/Lk/L g} hge]nf ;DkGg x'g'n] k'/fgf] ;Qf ca s]jn Aof/]s leq dfq
s}b x'g k'u]sf] dxz'; x'DnL hgtfn] u/]sf 5g\ .
^ g+= Pl/ofsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg ;f] hg;efdf kf6L{ l8=l;=Pd= s=
k|lt/f]w, P;=l6=Pkm= sf sdf08/ s= :kft cflbn] af]n]sf lyP . sfo{qmd ut r}q
!% ut] ;DkGg ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L a]gL sfjf{xLdf ;lxb x'g]x?sf]
;Demgfdf >4f~hnL ;ef s}nfnLsf] % g+= Pl/ofdf klg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
o'jfx?n] ;}Go k|lzIf0f lng
yfn]
;'v]{t÷
hgtfnfO{ g} k"0f{?kdf kmf}hLs[t ug]{ nIf cg';f/ cl3 a9]sf] hgd'lQm ;]gfn]
clxn] b]zJofkL ldlnlzof elt{ cleofg ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . o;}qmddf h'Dnfsf
ljleGg Pl/ofx?df ldlnlzof u7g ug]{ / cfjZos cfwf/e"t /fhg}lts tyf ef}lts
k|lzif0f ;~rfng u/]sf] ;Djfbbftf /fhaxfb'/ l;+xn] hgfPsf 5g\ .
lhNnfsf # g+= Pl/ofsf jf;L, ljzfn / e]/L uf=h=;=x?df / sflnsfdf
u/L Ps÷Ps sDkgL a/fj/sf] ldlnlzof ;+ul7t u/L cfjZos k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] 5 .
To;}ul/ $ g+= Pl/ofsf] kbd3f6df klg Jofks hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf Pp6f hgldlnlzofsf]
6's8L lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
xfn # g+= Pl/ofdf ;}Go k|lzIf0f ;~rfng u/L dflr{Ëdf ldlnlzof
lx8]sf] 5 . ptf $ g+= Pl/ofsf ldlnlzof ;b:ox? lbgdf hgtfsf] sfd ug]{ /
ljxfg a]n'sf kmf}hL k|lzIf0f lng] u/]sf 5g\ . kmf}hL k|lzIf0fsf nflu
hgd'lQm ;]gfs]f d'Vo kmf];{af6 / lhNnf kf6L{af6 l8=l;=Pd=x? vl6Psf 5g\ .
o;k|sf/sf ldlnlzof k|lzif0fsf] cfof]hgf ;DalGwt Pl/ofx?n] u/]sf 5g\ .
ptf lblNnsf]6df xhf/f}+ hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf a]gL sfjf{xLsf] ljho
pT;j dgfOPsf] ;dfrf/ 5 .
o:t} ;}Go dfr{ cleofg x'Dnfdf klg ;DkGg ePsf] va/ 5 .
x'Dnfsf] df]8]n Pl/ofdf Pl/of :t/Lo ldlnlzof k|lzIf0f rn]sf] lyof] .
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= cfzfs/sf cg';f/ lhNnfdf sfo{/t\ !@ j6f ldlnlzof
Knf6'g, Pp6f 6f:s kmf];{nfO{ lj:tf/ ug]{ / l5§} Pp6f a6flnog lgdf{0f ul/ ;z:q
;}Go dfr{ ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] 5 . Aofks hgtfnfO{ ;z:q ub}{ eflj ljb|f]xdf
ptfg]{ nIf /x]sf] pxf“n] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . l8=l;=P;=n] s'/fsfgLsf qmddf
l5§} dlxnf ldlnlzof sDkgL 3f]if0ff ug]{ / ;}Go dfr{df kl/rfng ug]{ hfgsf/L
lbg'eof] .
o;k6s ;~rfng ePsf] ;}Go k|lzIf0fdf lhNnfsf #)) o'jfx?n] k|lzIf0f
lnPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng s= t'kmfgn] / cWoIftf s= j?0fn] ug'{ePsf]
hgfOPsf] 5 .
ptf x'Dnfaf6 k7fOPsf] ;dfrf/ cg';f/ hg;+3if{sf] sfo{qmdsf] ;dodf
xhf/f}+ hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf 1fg]Gb|±kf/;sf] k'Tnf hnfOPsf] lyof] . ufp“–ufp“df
hgtfn] k'Tnf agfP/ hnfpbf lsg /fhfnfO{ hnfpg' x'G5 eGbf hgtfn] of] /fhf g}
xf]Og lg of] t dfG5]sf] df;' vfg] /fIf; kf] xf] t eg]sf lyP elg ;dfrf/df
hgfOPsf] 5 .
;]gfdf dte]b
sflnsf]6sf]
;b/d'sfddf /x]sf] ejfgL u'Nd / ut aif{ df]6/af6f] vGg elg uPsf] sfo{bn u'Nd aLr
tLa| dgd'6fj >[hgf ePsf] 5 . ejfgL bn u'Ndsf ;]gf ck|]zgsf] gfddf
ufp“df hfg] / hgtfsf] ;DkQL n'6\g] v;L afv|f, £o", bxL cflb n'6]/ vfg],
r]nLa]6L ckx/0f u/]/ anfTsf/ ug]{ u/]sf] s'/f sfo{bn u'Ndsf ;]gfx?n] e08fkmf]/
ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . pgLx? eG5g\– o:tf n'6]/fx?nfO{ l7s ug{ dfcf]jfbL lsg
cfp“b}gg\ s'GgL eGb} b'v];f] kf]V5g\ . æs] ug]{ b'Mvn] ubf{ hflu/ vfOof]
xfdL t /fhfjfbL xf]Ogf}+Æ Ps ;]gfn] xfd|f ;Djfbbftf nfO{ atfP .
b'O ;'/fsLsf] ;kmfof
af“s]÷
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ af“s]±alb{ofn] to u/]sf] b'O{ dlxg] ;+u7g ;'b[l9s/0f
cleofgsf] aLrdf @ hgf ;'/fsLsf] ;kmfof ul/Psf] / ! hgfnfO{ lx/f;tdf /flvPsf]
yfxf ePsf] 5 .
hgtfnfO{ wDsfpg], dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] 3/df cuf] nufpg], ;+u7gdf
a;]df dfg]{ wDsL lbg], zfxL cftÍsf/L hTyf NofP/ ufp“–ufp“df ck|]zg ug]{ / ug{
pS;fpg] h:tf sfdx? ub}{ cfPsf] / k6s–k6s s8f r]tfjgL lb+bf klg ;f]sf] j]jf:tf
ul/ pN6} kl5Nnf] k6s alb{of Pl/of g+= & sf P=l;=Pd= s= e/tsf] 3/df cuf]
nufpg'sf] ;fy} cGo kf6L{ sfo{stf{sf] 3/df cfuf] nufpg] lg0f{o ePsf] yfxf ePkl5
ut a};fv @) ut] hgtfsf] /fo cg'?k ;'/fsL k|d'v z]/axfb'/ jnL / bnaxfb'/
j:g]tnfO{ ;kmfof ul/Psf] 5 . csf{ ;'/fsL aL/axfb'/ e08f/LnfO{
clglZrtsfnsf] nflu hglx/f;tdf /flvPsf] s'/f g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] hgfPsf]
5 . ;'/fsL xl/x/k'/–$, /fjL3f6sf x'g\ .
gLhx? o;eGbf klxnf xl/x/k'/ uf=h=;= k|d'v ljgf]b cfrfo{, ;b:o
uugl;+x ef/tL / jfnf/fd jfbLsf] xTofdf ;+nUg ePsf lyP eg] pgLx? ufp“sf] va/
;b/d'sfddf k'¥ofpg] / ;b/d'sfddf a:g] e'=k'= xl/x/k'/ uf=lj=;= cWoIf bnaxfb'/
v8\sf dfkm{t k};f vf“b} cfPsf lyP .
cfd'v g]kfnLaf6
xTofsf] eT;gf{
@)^! a}zfv @& ut] zfxL hNnfbx?n] uf]nL xfgL xTof
u/]sf dsfjgk'/ lhNnf cfke~of¨ ufh;sf s'j]/ zdf{sf] xTofsf] 3f]/ eT;{gf ub}
pxfnfO{ % g+ lhNnf -dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/_sf ;]qm]6/L s ;Demgfn] @)^! a}zfv #! ut]
Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt ul/ zxLb 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] 5 . zdf{ !! g+ Pl/ofsf ;b:o
x'g'x'GYof] .
o;}u/L @)^!
a}zfv !@ df lhNnfdf lzIffsf] gfddf Jofkf/Ls/0f ePsf] lj/f]wdf To;k|lt 3f]/
cfklQ hgfpb} ljutdf ;DalGwt kIfx?;+u ePsf ;xdltsf] Jojxf/t nfu' ug{'sf ;fy}
;/sf/L ljBfnodf sIff !) ;Dd lgMz'Ns ug{
cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ dsjfgk'/ lhNnf cWoIf s=nlnt 3nfgn] Ps lj1lKt
k|sflzt ul/ ;DjlGwt kIf;+u cg'/f]w ug'{ePsf] 5 . olb ljutdf ePsf ;xdlt
nfu' gu/]df s8f ;+3if{df pqg] r]tfjgL ;d]t pxfn] lj1lKt dfkm{t lbg' ePsf]
5 .
lzIfsx?;+usf]cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg
ut a}zfv & ut]
dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/ lhNnf cGt{ut kg]{ !@ g+ Pl/ofdf s=lszf]/sf] ;efkltTjdf Ps
k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s=k|Nxfbn] ;~rfng ug'{ ePsf] pQm
sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly cg]ls;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf cWoIf s=;LkL l3ld/]
x'g'x'GYof] eg] cltlyx?df s=ljdf, s=ljsf; x'g'x'GYof] .
cGt{lqmof
sfo{qmd ;DkGg
dsjfgk'/÷oxL h]7 !# ut] dsjfgk'/ nlntk'/ lhNnf
cGt{utsf] % g+ Pl/ofdf * ;/sf/L ljBfnosf lzIfsx?sf] pkl:yltdf jt{dfg z}lIfs
cj:yf / ljljw ljifodf s]Gb|Lt /x]/ Ps cGt{lqmofsf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
sfo{qmddf % g+=Pl/of OGrf{h s=k|eft / cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ dsjfgk'/ lhNnf
cWoIf nlnt 3nfgn] ;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
To:t} ut a}zfv @ ut]
dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/ lhNnf # g+ Pl/ofsf] cfof]hgfdf Ps cGtlq{mof sfo{qmd ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . at{dfg /fhg}lts kl/j]z / ljljw ljifodf s]lGb|t /x]/ ul/Psf] pQm
sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly s=UofDhf] x'g'x'GYof] eg] ;~rfng s=tf/fdfgn] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;/sf/L :s"nsf *) lzIfsx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] pQm
sfo{qmddf ul/Psf] dt;j]{If0fdf !)) k|ltzt ;xefuLn] hgu0ftGqsf] kIfdf dtbfg
u/]sf lyP .
k|]; jQmJo
oxL @)^! h]7 !) ut]
dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=;Demgf / % g+ sDkgL sdf08/ s=km'jf{n] Ps
lj1lKt k|sflzt ul/ dhb'/x?sf] >d zf]if0f ub}{ sfnf]wGbf ub} cfPsf] x]6f}8fsf] cf}wf]lus If]qdf kg]{ dfj{n lrK;
-nId0f nfoG;_ sf/vfgfdf @)^! h]7 * df zlQmzfnL jd ljikmf]6 u/fOPsf] lhDd]jf/L
lng' ePsf] 5 . pQm ljikmf]6af6 nfvf}sf] Iflt ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . ;fy}
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf sfo{stf ;fy}{ hgtfsf] lj?4df ;'/fsL ub}{ cfPsf] hf;';
e"k" cfdL{sf] x]6f}8f g=kf= lkkn]df /x]sf] 3/df oxL h]7 (df lj:kmf]6g
u/fOPsf] jQmJo dfkm{t hgfOPsf] 5 . lj:kmf]6gaf6 3/ Wj:t ePsf] klg lj1lKtdf
hgfOPsf] 5 .
;'u'/ clegGbg
oxL h]7 $ ut]
dsjfgk'/÷nlntk'/ lhNnfsf] 5ltjg ufh;df slyt /fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] clegGbgsf] lj/f]wdf
;'u'/ clegGbg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . # g+ Pl/ofsf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf s UofDhf], s tf/fdfgn]
dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmddf ;of} hgftfsf] ;xeflutf lyof] .
…dnfO{ /utsf] kf}8L v]Ng] /x/ k'u]sf] 5}gÚ h:tf ljleGg egfO{ n]lvPsf] sk8fn]
/luPsf] ;'u'/ sfo{qmdsf] cfs{if0f ag]sf] lyof] .
agljgf; /f]Sg jgsf] ;+/If0f sfo{qmd
g]=s=kf -dfcf]jfbL_ af/f lhNnf ! g+ Pl/of OGrfh{ s ?ksn] r'/]sf] ag dfl;b} uPsf]n] ;f] h+unsf] ;+/If0f Pj+ ;Dj{wgdf ;j} nfUg' kg]{ s'/f pkl:yt ufpn]x?nfO{ hgfpb} af/f lhNnfsf] l;+ufn uflj;df s]xL JolQm4f/f km8fgL u/]sf] hUuf vf];L k'gM h+und} kl/0ft ul/Psf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .
e|dk'0f{ ;dfrf/k|lt v]b
a}zfv ( ut]
l;Gw'kfNrf]s ef]6]rf}/ ufh;df zfxL cd]/LsL ;]gfn] :yfgLo hgtf gfgL/fd rf}nfufO{
/ ldq/fh rf}nfufO{nfO{ d/0ff;Gg x'g] u/L s'6kL6 u/]sf] lyof] . pQm
s'6kL6nfO{ dfcf]jfbL4f/f ckx/0f elg cGo ;dfrf/ dfWod4f/f k|sfzLt ;dfrf/k|lt #
g+= Onfsf OGrfh{ s=k|tLsn] v]b k|s6
ug'{ePsf] 5 .
>bf~hnL ;ef
g'jfsf]6 lhNnf Onfsf
g+ ! sf] cfof]hgfdf ut j}zfv !# ut]
j]tgL uf]Nkm' e~Hofª dfljdf lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o d's'Gb clwsf/L -ljho_, lhNnf
;b:o s]zj kf08] -;/f]h_, alb| 9sfn -ufpn_]sf ;fy} j}zfv ( ut] g'jfsf]6
b]p/fnLdf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf4f/f xTof ul/Psf w|'j 9'+ufgf-k|Hjn_, /fd kf}8]n
-lj/fg_ sf] ;Demgfdf xfn} >bf~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s=cGhfgsf]
;efkltTjdf ;DkGg pQm sfo{qmddf s=;+lutfn] :jfut ug'{ePsf]] lyof] . s=
a;Gtn] ;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] gjr]tgf ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/ cfs{if0f uLt g[To
k|:t't u/]sf] lyof]
hgsfjf{xL
l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnfsf] Orf]s ufh; ( j:g] lgdf/
z]kf{nfO{ xfn} :yfgLo hg;Qfn] hgsfjf{xL u/]sf] 5 . lghn] sf7t:s/ u/]sfn]
pQm sfjf{xL ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . !)% j6f sf7sf] kmNofs :yfgLo ;Qfn] sAhf
u/]sf] 5 .
o;}ul/ g'jfsf]6 ;d'Gb|6f/ ufh;
j8f g+ @ j:g] ;fdGt tyf l;cfO8L d08n] g'/axfb'/ yfkfsf] ;Dk"0f{ 3/ hUuf !
g+ Pl/ofn] sAhf u/]sf] 5 .
>ddf ;xeflutf
/;'jf÷l;Gw'kfNrf]s÷g'jfsf]6 lhNnf cGt{ut /x]sf hgd'lQm ;]gf / df]rf{sf sd/]8x?sf] ;xeflutfdf xfn} Orf]sl:yt uf]8fdfl0fdf rp/ lgdf{0f ug]{ sfd / g'jfsf]6 jf]s] 8f“8f / j]tgL kfvf ufp“df hgtfsf] ds} uf]8g] sfd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ljho ufh; j8f g+= * gnufpdf ;fj{hlgs ;f}rfno jgfpg' nufot gljg ufh; k|fljdf ;/;kmfO ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} gljg ufh;l:yt If]qkfn dflj eTs]sf] lyof] . pQm :s'nnfO{ k'g{lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmdkZrft\ Ps sf]0f ;efsf] cfof]hgf u/L s=x/L / s lxdl;v/n] Wj+z / lgdf{0fsf] cy{af/] k|sfz kfg'{ ePsf] lyof] .
leQ] klqsf k|sfzg
wflbª lhNnfsf] Onfsf g+ ! df xfn} cfz' ;Gb]z gfds dfl;s leQ] klqsf k|sfzg ;'? ul/Psf] 5 . klxnf] c+sdf ;dfrf/, zxLb ufyf, ;]gfjf6 ljb|f]x u/]sf ;}lgsx?sf] cg'e'lt / lhNnfsf] ultljlwaf/] ;dfrf/ k|sfzg ul/Psf] lyof] .
xTofsf] lj/f]w
sfe|]lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v s=nfnWjhn] j}zfv !# ut] Ps
jQmJo k|sflzt ul/ )^) r}q @^ ut] lhNnf hg;/sf/ ;b:o s=cgGtsf] zfxL cd]/LsL
hNnfbx?n] xTof u/]sf]df xTofsf] 3f]/ eT;{gf ug'{ePsf] 5 . sfe|] lhNnfsf]
uf]xf]/] km]bLdf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] r}q @^ ut] s=cgGt / /d]z ;fksf]6f
–s=/]zd_nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L r/d oftgf kl5 xTof u/]sf] lyof] . g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ Pl/of ;lrj s lji0f'
ldhf/nfO{ lu/km\tf/ ul/ a]kQf kf/]sf]df
klg Ps k|]z lj1lKt k|sflzt ul/ t'?Gt ;fj{hlgs Pj+ l/xfO{sf] dfu ul/Psf]
5 .
f d}n] cg'e"t u/]sL 5' .
>4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg
kj{axfb'/ zfxL
h'Dnf÷ ut
a};fv @ ut] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ Pl/of g+= @ sf] cfof]hgfdf DofUbL cfqmd0fdf
zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ x'g] jL/ of]4fx?sf] >4f~hnL ;ef ;'sfl6of uf=h=;=sf]
/f/fsfl6ofdf ;of}+ hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf eJo?kn] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng
cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;ldltsf ;lrj lji0f'rGb| Gof}kfg] / ;efkltTj dfof
/]UdLn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
>4f~hnL
sfo{qmd;+u} DofUbL ljho pT;jsf] sfo{qmd hf]l8Psf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf @ j6f
b]p8f l6dn] qmflGtsf/L uLtåf/f hgtfnfO{ dgf]/~hg k|bfg u/]sf lyP . To;sf]
ef]lnkN6 & j6f elnjn l6dsf] k|ltikwf{ klg ePsf] lyof] . ;f] v]ndf k|yd
xfp8L, lålto jf=h=;= g+= $ sf] clwsf/L 6f]n / t[lto 7fgf ufp“ ePsf lyP .
pQm
sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly tyf ;f]lx Pl/of OGrfh{ s= cl;dn] ljb|f]xsf] d"n
dd{nfO{ a'em\b} qmflGt / alnbfgLsf pRr w/f]x/ v8f ub}{ ;bf ;j{bf k|r08kyLo
dfu{df cl8u /xb} b]z / hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] lglDt cfd hg;d'bfo cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldg'
kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] .
cfd ;ef ;DkGg
kfy/vf]nf÷ l9nf] ul/ k|fKt
;dfrf/ cg';f/ cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_åf/f cfof]lht hg;ef ut a};fv ( ut]
bu{ uf=h=;= :tl/o hg;ef ;of}+ hg;d'bfosf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f]
sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;ldlt ;b:o kj{axfb'/
zfxL], ;efkltTj cf]daxfb'/ clwsf/L / :jfut dGtJo ;+u7gs} gd/fh l;+xn] ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v jQmf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf lhNnf pkfWoIf
k"l/rGb| clwsf/L ;+u7gs} ;lrj lji0f'rGb| Gof}kfg] ;x–;lrj dx]Gb| /f]sfof, s=
zf]rljrf/ uf=h=;= k|d'c lr/axfb'/ zfxL nufotsf jQmfx? x'g'x'GYof] .
sfo{qmdsf
k|d'v jQmf k"l/rGb| clwsf/Ln] xfd|f] cfGbf]ng j'h'{jf lzIffnfO{ w'hf w'hf
kfb}{ uNof{ªu'n'{ª kfg]{ snddf af?b / emf]nfdf ljikmf]6s kbfy{ jf ld;fOn af]Sb}
k|lts[ofjfbL /fHo;Qfsf SofDkdf k8\lsg ljBfyL{ tof/ /x]sf 5g\ eGg'eof] .
o;}u/L
cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_åf/f cfof]lht hg;ef Pl/of g+= % sf] /f/flnlx
uf=h=;=sf] ;]/Ldf $)) hgf eGbf al9 hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf uta};fv !) ut] ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v jQmf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf pkfWoIf k"l/rGb| clwsf/L
x'g'x'GYof] eg] cGo cltlyx? ;+u7gsf ;lrj lji0f'rGb| Gof}kfg], ;x–;lrj
lji0f'rGb| Gof}kfg] / s= e]n uf=h=;= k|d'v s= ;]/axfb'/ /fjt x'g'x'GYof] .
sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng nlIdsfGt kf08], ;efklTj cf]daxfb'/ clwsf/L / :jfut dGtJo nId0fgfy
of]uLn] lbg' ePsf] lyof] .
e]nf tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd
kj{axfb'/ zfxL
h'Dnf÷ ut a};fv & ut] cg]/f:jljo"
-qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;ldlt h'Dnf±sflnsf]6 cGt/ut dlxnf ljefusf] e]nf tyf k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmd æ;fd|fHojfb / zfxL ;}Go kmfl;jfbsf lj?4 j]hf]8sf] d'Ssf k|xf/ u/f}+ †
ljb|f]xsf] gfos tof/ ug]{ k|yd dlxnf ljBfyL{ e]nf ;kmn kf/f}+ ††Æ eGg] d'n
gf/fsf ;fy eJo ?kn] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf lhNnf el/af6 !%) hgf dlxnfx?sf]
pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
e]nfsf]
pb\3f6g c=g]=d= ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ ls s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;/:jtL kf08]n] ug'{ ePsf]
lyof] . ;f]xL e]nfdf k|lzIf0f d'ns dGtJo cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o g/]Gb| Gof}kfg]n] lbg'ePsf] lyof] eg] dlxnf ljefusL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o nlIdsGof
a'9f, cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf cWoIf lji0f'axfb'/ dxt, c=g]=d= ;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ ls lhNnf pkfWoIf u+uf v8\sfn] klg dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf
dlxnf ljefusL ;b:o l/tfs'df/L zfxLn] ;+rfng / ;f]xL ljefusL ;+of]hs k~rf s'df/L
l;+xsf] ;efkltTj tyf k+rfs'df/L /fgfsf] :jfut dGtJodf cl3 a9]sf] ;f] sfo{qmdsf]
aLr aLrdf df]8]n Pl/of cGt/ut ljb|f]xsf] x'+sf/ hg ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n] /f]rs
k|:t'lt b]vfPsf] lyof] . of] e]nfn] k+rfs'df/L l;+xsf] k|d'v /xg] ul/ !! ;b:oLo
dlxnf ljefu rog u/]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L g]=b=d'=df]= sf] Pl/of g+= ^ sf] uf}tdjf8fdf
Pl/of e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] e]nfsf] ;+rfns s= clei6 / ;efkltTj b]jl;+x
lj=s=n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . c=g]=d= ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ ls lhNnf ;x–;lrj cd[tf
uf}tdn] klg dGtJo lbg' ePsf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf @)) hgfsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf]
lyof] .
sdn, k|l;Gb| ;+u7g lj:tf/ ;'b[l9s/0f cleofg
kmf]O dxfb]j÷ æ;fd|fHojfb
/ k|ltudgsf/L ;}Go kmfl;jfbsf lj?4 ;+3if{ u/f}+ † ljb|f]xsf] wSsf lbg sdn
k|l;Gb| ;+u7g lj:tf/ ;'b[l9s/0f cleofg ;kmn kf/f}+ ††Æ eGg] d'n gf/fsf ;fy
;+u7g ;'b[l9s/0f cleofg dxfb]j df=lj= kmf]Osf]6sf] k|fË0fdf %)) hlt ljBfyL{ /
hg;d'bfosf] pkl:yltdf Ps ;ef ul/ z'? ePsf] 5 . ut j};fv * ut] clvn
qmflGtsf/Lsf] cfof]hgfdf ;+rfng ul/Psf] ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng gj/fh l;+x,
;efkltTj nIdLsfGt kf08] / :jfut dGtJo cf]daxfb'/ clwsf/Ln] lbg' ePsf] lyof] .
;f] sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ sf lhNnf pkfWoIf k"l/rGb|
clwsf/L, ;lrj lji0f'rGb| Gof}kfg], le=l;= OGrfh{ ;f]+rljrf/, dlxnf k|ltlglw
cf:yf, blnt k|ltlglw cljz]s / jfO{=l;=Pn= k|ltlglw k|zfGt, clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf
lhNnf ;x–;lrj dx]Gb| /f]sfof x'g'x'GYof] .
;f] sfo{qmddf
uf=h=;= :tl/o d'n sld6L / uf=h=;= :tl/o ldlnl;ofsf] klg rog ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm
sfo{qmdsf] aLr–aLrdf /f]rs k|:t'tL ljb|f]xsf] x'“sf/ hg;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n]
b]vfPsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf uf=h=;= pkk|d'v ;lxt # hgf 8ANo"= l6= x'g'ePsf]
lyof] .
st} ;Dd]ng, st} k|lzIf0f
x'Dnf ÷ e]nf, ;Dd]ng, cfd;ef,
k|lzIf0f h:tf sfo{qmd t qmflGtsf/Lx?sf hLjg k4tL g} aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . x'Dnfsf
qmflGtsf/L dlxnfx?n] t]>f] k6s lhNnf ;Dd]ng u/] . lhNnf e/Lsf ;+u7gaf6 cfPsf
sl/a #)) k|ltlglw tyf ko{j]Ifsx?n] lhNnfsf] efjL ?k/]vf jt{dfg /fhg}lts 36gfqmd
/ cfkm\gf] bfloTjaf/] 5nkmn u/] k|ltj]bg n]v] / csf]{ ;Dd]ng gubf{;Ddsf] nflu
lhNnfsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ ;Ifd g]tf r'g] .
c=g]=d=
;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ e]s IF]qLo ;b:o h;snf a'9fsf] ;efkltTj / lhNnf ;lrj hosnf
9sfnsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ;f] ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g kf6L{ lhNnf O~rfh{ s= ;'zLnn] ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . aGb ;qsf] cj;/df pkl:yt k|ltlglwx?nfO{ jt{dfg /fhg}lts 36gfqmd /
kf6L{ gLlt af/] s= ;'zLnn] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
;Dd]ngn]
h;snf a'9fsf] cWoIftfdf !% hgf ;b:o /xg] u/L lhNnf sfo{;ldlt 5gf}6 u/]sf] 5 .
h;df pkfWoIf 9fGsf /f]sfo, ;lrj hosnf 9sfn, ;x–;lrj /]nsnf a'9f, sf]iffWoIf
k'ikf yfkf / ;b:ox?df r'gf g]kfnL, wgdtf /f]sfof, sfnL a'9f, dfof zfxL, kf6n
nfdf, ulDj/f zfxL, gfgLdfof“ yfkf, wgsf}/f k'g, tfghfª\j' nfdf, / ofª\sL nfdf
/x]sf 5g\ .
b'O{
lbg;Dd rnsf] ;Dd]ngdf nfdf hfltsf] :ofa|f] gf“r k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] .
o;}u/L
sflnsf]6af6 k|fKt Ps csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ jfO{=l;=Pn= sf] Pl/of e]nf ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . ut j};fv # ut] ;DkGg pQm e]nfdf Pl/of el/sf o'jfx? hDdf ePsf lyP .
l8=l;=Pd= s= /ljG; / s= ldngn] o'jfx?nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbPsf
lyP eg] k|ltlglw o'jfx?n] Pl/ofsf] tYout l/kf]6{ lbPsf lyP . e]nfdf o'jfx?sf]
cfjZostf / dxTjaf/] rrf{ ul/Psf] lyof] .
ptf
s}nfnL lhNnfdf 5l/P/ /x]sf du/x? ;+ul7t ePsf 5g\ . P]ltxfl;s sfnb]lv g} ;fd'lxs
hLjg ljtfpg] u/]sf] hghftL ;fdGtjfbL /fHo Joj:yfn] km'6fPsf] k|lts[of lb+b} ca
;a} pTkLl8t du/x? du/f“t ;+u7gdf uf]naGb x'g'kg]{ cfjZostf dxz'; ul/ Pl/of e]nf
u/]sf 5g\ .
e]nfn] !!
;b:o /xg] u/L du/f“t d'lQm df]rf{ u7g u/]sf] 5 . cWoIfdf g/]Gb|axfb'/ a'9f
/x]sf 5g\ eg] d+u/fd k'g pkfWoIf, cd/ ;f? ;lrj / ldng ;'gfv/L sf]iffWoIf /x]sf
5g\ .
ljBfyL{x?n] sxf“ s] u/] <
dlxnf / ls;fg s;/L cufl8 a9] <
x'Dnf÷ ljBfyL{df b'lgof“sf]
s'g}klg zf;snfO{ 3f]8faf6 v;fNg] dha'b tfst x'G5 . Oltxf;df ljBfyL{x?sf]
cfGbf]ngn] g} 7'nf–7"nf ;Qf kl/jt{g ePsf 5g\ . To;}n] kmfl;i6 zf;sx?
ljBfyL{x?sf] xft af“Wg rfxG5g\ . t/, cf:yf / rfxgf o:tf] zlQm xf] h;nfO{
b'lgofsf] s'g}klg tfstn] /f]Sg ;Sb}g . clg cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ emg\
/f]lsg] s'/f klg t ePg . To:t} qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{{x? clxn] cfkm\gf] ;+u7gsf]
;'b[9 / lj:tf/ clg ;+3if{df cu|df]rf{df nufPsf 5g\ .
x'Dnfaf6 ;Djfbbftf k|rf/ a'9fn] k7fPsf] ;dfrf/ cg';f/
ljBfyL{n] rf}yf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng u/]sf 5g\ . r}q @& / @* ut] ePsf] ;Dd]ngdf
lhNnfaf6 $(% hgf k|ltlglw ;xeflu lyP . ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g cf/=la=Pd= tyf lhNnf
kf6L{ O~rfh{ s= ;'zLnn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngnfO{ lzIfs uf]ljGbaxfb'/ zfxL,
dlxnf h;snf a'9f, blnt d]x]naxfb'/ ;fsL{, ls;fg gGbaxfb'/ /f]sfof nufotn]
;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
;Dd]ngdf k|:t't l/kf]6{ cg';f/ lhNnfdf @#! j6f OsfO /x]sf] /
@@!& hgf ljBfyL{ ;+u7Lt ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngn] gj/fh e08f/Lsf]
cWoIftfdf !% hgfsf] lhNnf ;ldlt r'g]sf] 5 . ;fy} !@ hgf ljBfyL{x?
k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{ eP/ ;+u7gsf] ljsf;df sfd ug]{ k|lta4tf hgfPsf 5g\ .
;Dd]ng cjwLe/ lxdfnL ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/ …sÚn] /f]rs uLt, g[To,
gf6s k|bz{g u/]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L ;f] ;+u7gn] lhNnfsf] $ g+= Pl/ofdf ;+u7gsf] :s'lnË
sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] j}rfl/s
lzIff lbg'sf ;fy} ;+u7gsf] sfo{z}nL ;+u7gsf] g]t[Tj ljsf; ;DaGwL k|lzIf0f
lbOPsf] lyof] .
h'Dnfaf6 kj{t zfxLn] klg Toxf“sf ljBfyL{x?n] k|lzIf0f lzlj/
rnfPsf] va/ k7fPsf 5g\ . ;+u7gsf] h'Dnf±sflnsf]6sf ljBfyL{x?sf] dlxnf ljefusf]
e]nf tyf k|lzIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . c=g]=d= ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
;/:jtL kf08]n] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o g/]Gb|
Gof}kfg]n] dlxnf ljefusf] cfjZostf ljifodf k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
ptf lh=;+=h=;= x'Dnfn] lzkdns tflnd ;+rfng u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg
k]zf;+u ;DjlGwt lzkx?sf] k|lzIf0f lbOPsf] ;f] :s'lnËdf lhNnfaf6 cu'jf
k|lzIfsx?sf] k|lzIf0f rnfOPsf] lyof] .
ut r}q !^ b]lv @# ut];Dd
;~rflnt Ps xKt] lzkd"ns tflndsf] p2]Zo lhNnfdf 5l/Psf ljleGg lzkx?nfO{
s]Gb|Lt u/L cfTdlge{/ cy{tGqsf] ljsf; ug]{ nIf /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . k|lzIf0f
O~rfh{ s= ;'zLn / s= lgbf]{zn] lbPsf] s'/f ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
ptf h'Dnfaf6 k|fKt va/ cg';f/ ^ g+= Pl/ofdf g]=b=d'=df] n]
e]nf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . blnt d'lQm cleofgsf] ?kdf ;+3if{ ;~rfng ub}{ pQm e]nfnfO{
lhNnf cWoIf nfnaxfb'/ ;fsL{n] ;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
h'Dnfsf] ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] ;+u7g ;'b[l9s/0f cleofg cGt/ut
lhNnfsf ljleGg Pl/ofx?df e]nf, k'gu{7g cflb u/]sf] 5 .
kmf]O dxfb]jsf] dxfb]j df=lj= df ut a};fv * ut] s/La %))
ljBfyL{sf] pkl:yltdf Ps e]nfsf] cfof]hgf u/L ;+u7gsf] nIf / p2]Zodf k|i6
kfl/Psf] lyof] . e]nfnfO{ lhNnf pkfWoIf k"l/rGb| clwsf/L nufotn] ;Djf]wg
u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L k|fKt csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ x'Dnfdf ;f+:s[lts ;+3sf]
e]nf ePsf] 5 eg] Pl/of g+= ! df dlxnf Pl/of e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
o;} u/Læh;sf] hf]t p;sf] kf]tÆsf] gf/f lnP/ ;+3if{/t clvn
g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_n] lhNnfJofkL ls;fg cleofg ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . cleofg
cGt/ut hg;ef, hge]nf, hg;+u7g / hg;]jf Pj+ lgdf{0f / 3/b}nf] sfo{qmd /x]sf]
s'/f ;+3n] hgfPsf] 5 . ljleGg l6d lgdf{0f u/]/ lhNnfJofkL Ps};fy cleofg ;+rfng
ul/Psf] 5 .
To;}u/L sflnsf]6df ljleGg h=j=;=x?n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf Pl/of ;Dd]ng
ul/ ;+u7g ug]{ gof“ ljlw sfod u/]sf 5g\ .
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_, c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_,
c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ / g]=/f=b=d'=df]= sflnsf]6sf] cfof]hgfdf ;+u7gsf Pl/of
:t/sf ;+u7gx?sf ;+o'Qm ;Dd]ng ut a};fvsf] klxnf] xKtf;Dd ljleGg ;dodf ;DkGg
ul/Psf 5g\ .
hgo'4sf] k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/Lsf] :t/, ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] dd{
cg';f/ cfwf/ OnfsLo h=j=;=x?sf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ u/L gof“ :t/af6 ljrf/ / sdf08sf]
s]Gb|Ls/0f ug]{ nIosf ;fy oL h=j=;= x?n] ;+o'Qm ?kdf Pl/ofsf ;Dd]ngx?åf/f
;+u7gsf] k'g ;'b[l9s/0f u/]sf 5g\ .
h;df ut @)^) r}q @& / @* ut] sfnLsf]6 Pl/of g+= @ cGt/ut
h=j=;= x?sf] ;+o'Qm ;Dd]ng l;kvfgfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngn] clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_sf] uf]v{axfb'/ zfxLsf] cWoIftfdf !( ;b:oLo, c=g]=d=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_sf] tf/f Gof}kfg]sf] cWoIftfdf !& ;b:oLo, c=g]=ls=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_sf] dl0f/fd ;+Hofnsf] cWoIftfdf !( ;b:oLo, g]=/f=b=d'=df]= sf]
lk|df lj=s=sf] cWoIftfdf !& ;b:oLo / afn ;+u7gsf] v}/] bhL{sf] cWoIftf /xg]
u/L !! ;b:oLo Pl/of sld6Lx?sf] Psdtn] lgjf{lrt u/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L ut a}zfv $ / % ut] ?K;f gjb]j:yfgdf ;DkGg Pl/of g+= !
cGt/utsf h=j=;=x?sf] ;+o'Qm ;Dd]ngn] cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_sf
g/]Gb|axfb'/ af]x/fsf] cWoIftfdf !( ;b:oLo, c=g]=d= ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sL lgd{nf
e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf !( ;b:oLo, c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf] zflGt adsf]
cWoIftfdf !% ;b:oLo, g]=/f=b=d'=df]= sf gj/fh bhL{sf] cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo / afn
;+u7gsf] g]qaxfb'/ lji6sf] cWoIftfdf & ;b:oLo Pl/of ;ldltsf] u7g u/L
3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .
;Dd]ngdf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sflnsf]6 lhNnf cWoIf tyf ;]d ;dGjo
;ldlt ;b:o hutaxfb'/ zfxL, c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sflnsf]6sL pkfWoIf dlxGb|f
/f]sfo, c=g]=ls;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sflnsf]6sf pkfWoIf sdn w/fnf, g]=/f=b=d'=df]=
sflnsf]6sf cWoIf df]xg s]=;L= cltly tyf k|lzIfssf] ?kdf pkl:yt /xg' ePsf] lyof]
.
rf}yf] k"0f{ a}7s
sf]z]9'Ëf ;fljt
r+vaxfb'/ /f]sfof
h'Dnf÷xfn}
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ h'Dnf±sflnsf]6sf] rf}yf] k"0f{ a}7s If]qLo Ao'/f] ;b:o
s=cfb{zsf] pkl:ylt / lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=lIflthsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
^
lbg;Ddsf] nfdf] a}7sn] lhNnf:t/sf s]xL sfo{stf{sf] 7fp“ :yfgfGt/ / lhNnfnfO{
gof“ prfO{df p7fpg] dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o kfl/t u/]sf] ;]qm]6/L s= lIflthn]
lj1KtL dfkm{t hgfPsf 5g\ .
pQm
a}7sn] ev{/} e]=s=If]qdf ;+rflnt ;}Go dfr{ cleofgnfO{ s;/L eJotd\ / pRrtd\
agfpg] eGg] ljifodf k|d'vtfsf ;fy ax; rnfOPsf] lyof] . dfr{ cleofgsf] pb\3f6gsf
lbgdf sl/a !%) hgf ljb|f]xsf sdf08/ pTkfbg ug]{ k|lta4tfsf ;fy a}7s
;f}xfb{k"0f{ jftfj/0fn] ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] Pl/of e]nf ;DkGg
df]8]n -s'~hnL_÷ l9nf]ul/ k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/
;fd|fHojfb, ;}Go kmfl;jfb lj?4 h'emf? cfGbf]ngsf] >[i6L ug]{ a]nf, df]8]n
lgdf{0fsf] kIfdf k|yd Pl/of e]nf eGg] gf/fsf ;fy df]8]n cGt/ut ljz]if Pl/ofsf]
k|yd Pl/of e]nf ut r}q !( ut] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
k|d'v
cltly lhNnf ;ldlt hfh/sf]6sf ;lrj k|d]Zj/ zfx, ljz]if cltly ;xsf/L ljefu e]=s=
k|d'v s= ;'lbk zdf{ / Pl/of OGrfh{ s= >dhLjLn] e]nfdf pkl:yt ljBfyL{x?nfO{
k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . z'esfdgf dGtJo afn ;+/If0f s]Gb|sf] lzIfs s=
d'lQmn] lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng /ljnfn h};L / ;efklt lzjsnf v8\sfn]
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . /, :jfut efif0f ejfgL /fjnn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . efjL gLlt tyf
sfo{qmd k|ltj]bg s= k|d]Zj/ zfxn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . e]nfn] nf]s/fh zfxLsf]
cWoIftfdf & ;b:oLo ;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 .
c5fd lhNnfdf hgdflr{Ë cleofg
z'e zdf{ -c5fd_
c5fd÷ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ lk=la sf] a}7såf/f kfl/t
gLltnfO{ of]hgfdf 9fNg ;]tL–dxfsfnL IF]qn] ;z:q hgdflr{Ë of]hgf tof/ u/]sf]
lyof] . pQm hgdflr{Ësf] p2]Zodf j}rfl/s, /fhgLlts ?kn] dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kynfO{
gof“ prfO{df p7fp“b} l;4fGtlgi7 kf6L{ ;+u7g agfpg' / hgtfsf] aLrdf ljrf/
k'¥ofpg' /x]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L ;z:q hgdfr{ cleofgsf] p2]Zo ;'b[9 / ;'l4s[t kf6L{,
;]gf, hgldlnlzof tyf ;Qf lgdf{0f ug]{ / gof“ cfwf/df ljb|f]x lgdf{0f ub}{
;Dk"0f{ kf6L{ ;+u7gnfO{ kmf}hLs[t ub}{ cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ ;z:qLs/0f ug]{
/x]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L k'/fgf] snf, ;+:s[lt / ;flxTonfO{ ?kfGt/0f u/L hgjfbL
;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug'{ lyof] . hg dflr{Ësf cGo p2]Zodf hg;Qfsf] sfdnfO{ Joj:yf
ug{ hg;Qfx?sf clwj]zgnfO{ /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s ljsf;sf ;fy} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf of]hgf
cl3 a9fpg' /x]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L hgd'lQm ;]gf, k"0f{sfnLg ;b:o / ;lxb
kl/jf/sf ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ljz]if sfo{qmd to ug'{ /x]sf] lyof] . cfwf/
If]qdf PsLs[t cfGbf]ngsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ lhNnfdf nfu' ug'{sf ;fy} @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf
hgjfbsf] ljsf; cjwf/0ffnfO{ hgtfdf nfg] nufotsf p2]Zox? tof/ kfl/Psf] lyof] .
;f] cleofg df3 bf]>f] ;ftfb]lv h]i7 bf]>f] ;ftf -$ dlxgf_ ;Dd rn]sf]
lyof] .
oL dflysf
nIf p2]Zox?nfO{ 7f]; of]hgfdf 9fNb} ;]tL–dxfsfnL IF]qsf !! lhNnf el/ g} ;DkGg
ePsf 5g\ . h;n] hgtfdf gof“ pT;fx Nofpgsf] ;fy} ljb|f]xsf] tof/LnfO{ gof“
p“rfOdf p7fpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . ;f] cleofgdf If]qLoAo'/f] O~rfh{ nufot
;Dk"0f{ If]qLoAo'/f], lhNnf kf6L{, ;]gf, ;Qf cleofgstf{ / hg;d'bfosf]
k|ToIf ?kdf ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
;f]xL
of]hgf cg';f/ c5fd lhNnfdf ;z:q hgdflr{Ë r/0fa4 ?kdf ;~rfng x'b} cleofgx? ;DkGg
eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;f] cleofgsf] g]t[Tj g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf IF]qLoAo'/f] ;b:o tyf
c5fd lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=z/bl;+x e08f/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . If]qLo of]hgfnfO{
lhNnfdf sfof{Gjog ug{ æ;z:q hgdflr{Ë ;kmn kf/f}+, ljb|f]xsf] tof/L k"/f
u/f}+ †Æ eGg] d"n gf/f agfOPsf] 5 . pQm of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;z:q
hgdflr{ËnfO{ % r/0fdf ljefhg ul/Psf] s'/f lhNnf O~rfh{ s= z/bl;+xn] atfpg' eof]
.
k|yd r/0fM sfo{qmd Aoj:yfkg
of]hgfnfO{
Aojxf/df n}hfg] klxnf] r/0fdf Joj:yfkgsf] r/0f /x]sf] lyof] . h;df hgtfnfO{
ljrf/n] ;z:q kfg{ k|To]s sdfg, Pl/of, uf=h=;= / 6f]nx?df kf6L{sf] gLlt of]hgf /
sfo{qmdsf] af/]df 5nkmn, k|lzIf0f rnfpg] sfd ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}u/L ;f+:s[lts
emf“sL, hg;ef / sf]0f;efx?df hgtfsf]] Aofks pkl:yltsf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ lhNnf
kf6L{ g]t[Tjb]lv sfo{stf{;Dd hgtfsf] aLrdf kl/rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df
hgtfnfO{ j}rfl/s v'/fs k|bfg ub}{ ljb|f]xsf] nflu tof/L x'g k|lzlIft kfg]{ sfd
ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] cfGtl/s ;dLIFfsf ;fy} ;f]xL ;dLIff adf]lhd hg;dLIFf
ug]{ e}/x]sf] 5 .
bf]>f] r/0fM– hgkmd]{zga4 hgdflr{Ë
of] r/0fdf c5fd lhNnfsf]
e"uf]nnfO{ gof“ ;+/rgfdf abnL $ j6f sdfg lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 . tL 7fp“x?df
lglZrt sfdx? lgwf{/0f ul/ Jofks hgtfnfO{ hgkl/rfngdf ;xefuL ePsf 5g\ . of]
r/0fdf hgtfsf kmd]{zgx? tof/L ul/ $ j6f sfo{If]q tf]s]/ kl/rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .
of] r/0fsf] sfo{qmdn] hgtfdf ljrf/, /fhgLlt, kmf}hL, cleofgnfO{ emg\ ;zQm ?kdf
cufl8 a9fPsf] lyof] . kf6L{sf] of]hgfnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf]
j}rfl/s xltof/nfO{ pRrtfsf ;fy ks8]sf] lyof] . bf]>f] r/0f cGt/ut hgdfr{
cleofgnfO{ $ efudf ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof] .
;z:q ldlnlzof hgdflr{Ë
of]
cGt/ut lhNnfsf %)) hgfsf] hg ldlnlzofnfO{ ljz]iful/ c5fdsf] ;b/d'sfd d+un;]g
jl/kl/ / lhNnfe/L kmd]{zgsf] ?kdf kl/rflnt u/fOPsf] lyof] . ;f] ldlnlzof
dflr{Ën] hgtf;+u ;xsfo{ ub}{ 7fp“–7fp“df ldlnlzofx? lgdf{0f ug]{, ;+u7g agfpg]
/ cfkm\gf] ufp“7fp“ / If]qsf] ;'/Iff / ljb|f]xsf] nflu hgldlnlzofsf]
e"ldsf af/]df k|lzlIft u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] ldlnlzof dflr{Ën] hgtfnfO{
ldlnlzofs/0f ug{df pTk|]l/t u/sf] lyof] . of] cleofg !^ aif{sf lszf]/b]lv ^)
aif{sf j[4;Dd hgldlnlzofdf cfj4 ePsf lyP .
;z:q hgdflr{Ë
;z:q
hgdflr{Ë cGt/ut c5fd lhNnfsf] sfn]sf“8fb]lv /xkm;Dd uf=h=;= df hgdfr{ cleofg
;~rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df !%)) hgf kf6L{ sfo{stf{ tyf hgtfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf]
lyof] . o;n] k|To]s uf=h=;= / j8fx?df uP/ hgtf;“u ;xsfo{ Ps csf{df cfGbf]ngsf
cg'ejx?sf] ;f6f;f6, hgtf;+u ;xsfo{ ul/ hg>d ug]{, ;+u7gx? lgdf{0f ug]{ tyf
dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] ;}4flGts dfGotf cg';f/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] gLlt
sfo{qmdnfO{ of]hgfa4 tl/sfn] nfu' ug{ hgtfdf j}rfl/s tyf /fhgLlts v'/fs k|bfg
u/]sf] lyof] . hgtfsf olt 7"nf kmd]{zgx? b]v]/ k|To]s 7fp“df cufl8 a9\g]
qmddf hgtfx? hgkmd]{zgdf nfda4 x'g]qmd al9/x]sf] lyof] .
;z:q hgdflr{Ës} t]>f] r/0fdf
c5fdsf]
/fdf/f]if0f uf=h=;= b]lv jnf{tf uf=h=;= ;Dd kl/rflnt ePsf] hgkmd]{zgx? @))) sf]
;+Vofdf /x]sf] lyof] . o;nfO{ tLg u|'kdf ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof] . of] cleofgn]
hgtfsf aLrdf hgtfnfO{ zf]if0f pTkL8gaf6 d'Qm x'g, hgo'4df nfda4 x'b} ljb|f]xsf]
tof/Ldf h'6\gsf nflu dfgl;s ?kdf hgtfnfO{ tof/ kf/]sf] lyof] .
;z:q hgdflr{Ësf] rf}yf] r/0fdf
c5fd
lhNnfsf] e6fsfl6of uf=h=;= b]lv l;p“8L ;f]s6;Ddsf uf=h=;= df ;~rfng ul/Psf]
lyof] . o;df %)) hgtfsf] j6flnogx? kl/rfng ul/Psf lyP . 7fp“7fp“df hgtfnfO{
;+ul7t ub}{ ljb|f]xsf] nflu tof/ /xg k|lzlIft / hgtfsf] ;'v b'Mvdf ;xeflutf x'g
cleofgsdL{x?n] l;sfPsf lyP . hgtfdf cleofgn] o'4, /fhgLlt / ljrf/n] n}; kfg]{
dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgefPsf] lyof] . hgtfdf snf ;f+:s[lts / ;flxTosf] hu]gf{
ug{ hgtf;+u gof“ ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf;sf] nflu hgtnfO{ k|lzlIft kfl/Psf] lyof] .
o;}r/0f cG/ut c5fd lhNnfdf hgkl/ifb\åf/f ;f+:s[lts dxf]T;jsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf]
lyof] . hxf“ !)cf}+ xhf/ hgtfsf] ;f+:s[lts dxf]T;jdf k'/fgf] ;QfkIfåf/f cfqmd0f
ul/ ^ hgfsf] xTof / %)÷^) hgf 3fOt] agfOPsf] lyof] . h'g ljgfos xTofsf08n]
lrGg] ul/G5 .
hgkmd]{zg
j[4 dflr{Ëdf Go"gtd\ sfo{qmdx? lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . h;df lgDg sfo{x?
/x]sf lyP .
–
hgdfr{df efulng]
cleofgsdL{x? ljrf/, /fhgLlt, ;+u7g / snf–;flxTo ;+:s[ltn] n}; x'g'kg]{ 5 .
–
dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kyLo gLlt
/ cg'zf;gn] n}; x'g] / k|To]sn] cfkm\gf ljrf/ Aojxf/df pTs[i6tf xfl;n ug'{kg]{
5 .
–
lgoldt ?kdf /f]nsfn /
lkmlhsn ug]{ . cfkm\gf] snfsf] cEof; ug{sf] ;fy} gof“ ;[hgfsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
–
hgtfdf hf“bf hgz}nL
ckgfp“b} kf6L{ of]hgfnfO{ n}hfg] . hgtfdf k|lzIf0f, e]63f6, 3/b}nf], cGt/s[of,
hg;ef, ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmd cflb n}hfg' kg]{ .
–
hgtfsf] b}lgs sfddf cleofg
sdL{ ;xefuL x'g] .
–
hgtfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf
;xeflu x'“b} hgtfnfO{ k|efj kfg]{ .
–
hgtfsf ;L=cfO{=8L=,
;'/fsLx? kQfnufO{ ltgLx?sf] ;~hfn gi6 ub}{ hgxTof/fsf dltof/x?nfO{ hg sfjf{xL
ug]{ .
–
hgtfdf hf“bf sDo'lgi6
cg'zf;g adf]lhd k|:t't x'g], af]lemnf] gx'g] . sltko 7fp“df b]lvg] :jefjhGo s8f
:jefj k|lt cfnf]lrt x'“b} cfkm\gf] afgLsf] ;'wf/ ug]{ /x]sf 5g\ .
t]>f] r/0f ;'b[9Ls/0f /
;'l4s/0f
of] r/0fdf cfkm'leq /x]sf sldsdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;Rofp“b} ;a} g]tf
sfo{stf{ / hgtfnfO{ ;'b[9 kfg]{ sfd ul/Psf] 5 . of] sfddf e]nf, k|lzIf0f,
clwj]zg, cGt/s[of, uf]i7L, hge]nf, hg;ef, pTkfbgd"ns sfo{, lgdf{0f, ;+3if{
/ pTkfbg d"ns tflnd cflb ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . cleofgdf ;'l4s/0f kmf/d eg]{
sfo{qmd /x]sf] lyof] . ;'b[9 / z'4 x'g] qmddf kf6L{ sfo{stf{sf] sfd, Ifdtf /
Aojxf/ cg';f/ a9'jf, 36'jf, lgnDjg / lg:sfzgsf sfdx? klg ePsf 5g\ . o;n] ubf{
kf6L{ leqsf] unt k|j[lt / c/fhs ultljlw lg?T;flxt x'gsf ;fy} qmflGtsf/L kf6L{
lgdf{0f ug{df ;3fp k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;'l4s/0f / ;'b[9Ls/0f cGt/ut lgDg sfo{qmdx?
;DkGg ul/Psf 5g\ .
–
lhNnfdf of]hgfa4 :s"lnË sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .
–
s]lGb|t / ljs]lGb|t k|lzIf0fx? hg:t/;Dd k'¥ofOPsf] 5 .
–
uf=h=;=sf clwj]zgx? r/0fj4 ?kdf ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 .
–
kf6L{, df]rf{, hgldlnlzof x'“b} hgtf;Dd uf]i7L / cGt/s[of
;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .
–
hge]nf / hg;efx? of]hgfa4?kdf ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .
–
o; cGt/ut lhNnfdf :jf:Yo tflnd, s[if tflnd, ;xsf/L tflnd,
;+uLtsnf tflnd / lkmlhsn tflndx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .
–
kf6L{ ;+u7g / ;Qf leqsf /fd|f g/fd|f kIf s]nfP/ sltko
sd/]8x?nfO{ a9'jf / 36'jf ul/Psf] 5 eg] s]xL lg:sf;g / lgnDjgdf k/]sf 5g\ .
–
hgtfsf aLrdf /x]sf] kf6L{ sfo{stf{sf] kl/jf/, hg;]gfsf
kl/jf/ c;'b[9 ePsf kf6L{ sld6Lx?nfO{ of]hgfa4 ?kdf cleofgfTds ?kn] ;d:of
;dfwfgsf] nflu ljleGg ljefux?sf] u7g ul/Psf 5g\ .
–
hg;f“:s[lts k|bz{gL cEof;nfO{ cufl8 a9fOPsf] 5 .
–
hgldlnlzofsf] 8«];nfO{ of]hgfa4 ?kdf Aojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 .
–
k|lts[ofjfbL zf;sx?sf x]8Sjf6/ ;b/d'sfddf gfsfaGbL ul/
b'ZdgnfO{ xfonsfon kfl/Psf] 5 .
–
pTkfbg sfo{nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg sfo{qmdx? tof/ kfl/Psf 5g\ .
rf}yf] r/0f ;'b[9 kmd]{zg–;'b[9
hgdflr{Ë
hgtfnfO{ ;}4flGts, /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s ?kn] ;z:q kfb}{ hgtfdf
gof“ r]tgfsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . h;af6 ljleGg r/0fsf hgdflr{Ë cleofg hgtfsf] aLrdf
;'b[9 hgkmd]{zgx? ag]sf 5g\ . ca ufp“–6f]ndf !)÷@) hgfsf kf6L{, df]rf{ / ;Qfsf
;+u7g dfq geP/ ;of}+ hgtfsf sDkgL, j6flnog / lj|u]8 :t/sf ;+u7gx?sf] lgdf{0f
ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf lsl;dsf hgkmd]{zgaf6 g} ;'b[9 ;Dj[4 hgdflr{Ë cleofgx?
ufp“–ufp“df ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ . oL hgtfsf kmd]{zgx?n] :yfoL?k wf/0f u/]sf 5g\ .
h;n] ubf{ k|To]s ufp“df ljb|f]xsf] cfjfh 3GsfO/x]sf 5g\ . o;n]
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/LnfO{ dha'b agfPsf] 5 . o; r/0f cGt/ut
lgDg sfdx? ;~rfng ePsf 5g\ .
ldlnlzof / snfsf/ 8«];a4
;'b[9 hgkmd]{zg / ;'b[9
hgdflr{Ëdf ufp“–ufp“df hgldlnlzofx? 8«];a4 ePsf 5g\ . ufp“7fp“df ;Qf ;~rfng /
zflGt ;'/Iffdf hgldlnlzofn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 . To;}u/L
hgsnfsf/x? sDkgL :t/df lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ / pgLx? afhfufhfn] ;'–;lHht x'“b}
8«];a4 ePsf 5g\ . hgtfsf uLt ;+uLtx?nfO{ uLt / g[To, ck]/f, gf6s / k|xzgaf6
cleofgsf :j/x? ufp“3/df u'~hL/x]sf 5g\ . 7fp“ 7fp“df km"ndfnfn] :jfut ub}[
hgtfx?n] snfsf/nfO{ lgDtf lbg] ub{5g\ . snfsf/x? ufp“df k;]kl5 vfgkLg / af; a:g
Joj:yf ug]{ sfo{df ufp“sf hgtf h'6\g] ub{5g\ . uLt ;+uLtaf6 hgtfnfO{ dgf]/~hg
dfq geP/ jL/tf ;fx; / ;}Go k|bz{g ug]{ ;fx; snfsf dfWodaf6 snfsf/x?n] lbO/x]sf
5g\ . hgtfnfO{ ;“:s[lt snfsf dfWodaf6 x;fpg] ?jfpg] / b'Mv j]bgfnfO{ cfqmf]zdf
abNg] vfnsf k|:t'tL lbg] u/]sf 5g\ .
df]rf{ / ;+u7gsf 5'§f 5'§} kmd]{zg
of]
cleofgdf g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_sf df]rf{x? 5'§f 5'§} lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . dlxnf
a6flnog, ls;fg a6flnog, blnt df]rf{sf] a6flnog, ljBfyL{ df]rf{sf] j6flnog cflb
;+u7gx?sf j6flnog kl/rflnt ePsf 5g\ . oL j6flnogx?n] z'4 / :j:y k|lt:kwf{
ul//x]sf 5g\ . s'g df]rf{n] cfkm\gf ultljlwx? hgtfsf cufl8 k:s“b}
dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ / ;aeGbf cufl8 cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt
ug]{ eGg] xf]8jfhL g} rn]sf] 5 .
Pl/of:t/Lo ;f“:s[lts k|bz{gL
lhNnfsf k|To]s Pl/ofdf hgtfsf uLt ;+uLt / gf“rx?nfO{ k|bz{g
ul/Psf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ lhNnf k"/} ;f“:s[ltdo ePsf] 5 . cfkm\gf] ;“:s[lt
emNsfpg] x'8\s], b]p8f, v's'/L / df?gL gfrx?n] 5'§} ljz]iftf af]s]sf 5g\ .
cfhef]ln k|To]s ufp“7fp“df hgo'4, cfGbf]ng / ljb|f]xsf uLtx? ;fgf afnsb]lv
j[4x?sf] d'vdf ;d]t u'gu'gfpg] ul/G5 . k"/} lhNnfdf ;f“:s[lts cfGbf]ngsf]
w/f]x/x? ag]sf 5g\ .
hgkmd]{zg ;+u7Lt / :yfoL
;z:q
hgdfr{ cleofgn] k|To]s Pl/ofaf6 ufp“ufp“df hgtfsf j6flnog :t/sf ;+u7g ag]sf 5g\
. k|To]s hgjlu{o ;+u7gx?n] cf–cfkm\gf ultljlwnfO{ ;Ifd / ;'b[9 agfPsf 5g\ .
;+u7gx? :yfoL ?kdf ljsf; ePsf 5g\ . h;n] ubf{ ljb|f]xsf] jftfj/0f tof/ ug{df
of] cleofgn] gof“ t/+u NofOlbPsf] 5 . ;+u7gx? j6flnog :t/df kl/0ft ePsf 5g\ .
;Qf / ;+u7gsf sfd 3lge"t
ldlnlzof,
snfsf/, ljBfyL{, ls;fg, dlxnf, blnt, cflbsf kmd]{zgx? j6flnog :t/df kl/rflnt
x'g'n]] hg;Qfdf ;+u7g lgdf{0f ug{ / sfd sfjf{xLnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg dxTjk"0f{
e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] 5 . 7fp“7fp“sf ;Qf k|ltlglwx?af6 af6f]3f6f], k'n,
s'nf], wf/f, kf6Lkf}jf, ;lxbu]6 cflb lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{x? 3lge"t ?kdf
e}/x]sf 5g\ .