|
jif{ !# c+s @(,
ciff9 ! , @)^! Year 13, Issue 29, June 15,
2004 |
ljrf/
hut
;“:s[lt,
snf / ;f}Gbo{ lrGtgsf] If]qdf k|r08kysf] ;}4flGts dfGotf
ls/0f
xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf s=
k|r08åf/f /lrPsf ;“:s[lt, snf / ;f}Gbo{
lrGtg;“u ;DalGwt s]xL dxTjk"0f{ n]v, cGtjf{tf{ / b:tfj]hx?nfO{ ;ª\slnt u/L
lqk|;f s]Gb|Lo ljefu cGtu{t ;f“:s[lts zfvfn] ;“:s[lt, snf / ;f}Gbo{ lrGtg
zLif{sdf Pp6f gof“ k'l:tsf k|sflzt ug{ uO/x]sf] 5 . cWoIf s= k|r08sf
;“:s[lt, snf / ;f}Gbo{ lrGtg ;DaGwL ljrf/x?nfO{ k|r08kysf] ;du|tfdf a'‰g' kb{5
/ lognfO{ oyf;Dej Ps}7fp“df ;d]6L a'‰gsf nflu of] k'l:tsfn] dxTjk"0f{
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{5 .
g]kfnL ;dfhdf
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] l;h{gfTds k|of]usf] k|lqmofdf dxfg\ hgo'4sf
aLraf6 k|r08kysf ?kdf hlGdPsf] gof“ ljrf/n] g]kfnL gof“ hgjfbL ;“:s[lt / snfsf
;fy} ;f}Gbo{ lrGtg / ;dfhjfbL oyfy{jfbsf] If]qdf klg gof“ j}rfl/s pmhf{ k|bfg
ub{5 . of] k'l:tsfdf ;ª\slnt cWoIf s= k|r08sf ;“:s[lt, snf / ;f}Gbo{ lrGtg
;DaGwL ljrf/x?nfO{ ;+lIfKt / kl/rofTds ?kdf d"ntM lgDg cg';f/ k|:t't ug]{
k|of; ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfnL ;dfh / ;“:s[ltsf]
klxrfg
åGåfTds tyf P]ltxfl;s ef}ltsjfbL ljZjb[li6sf]0fsf cfwf/df g]kfnL
;dfh / ;“:s[ltsf] cWoog / klxrfg ub}{ cWoIf s= k|r08n] Psflt/ pTkfbs zlQm /
pTkfbg ;DaGw tyf cfwf/ / pk/L ;+/rgfaLrsf cGtlj{/f]wx? / csf]{lt/ g]kfnL
hgtfåf/f pTkfbgsf lglDt ;ª\3if{ tyf ju{;ª\3if{sf] P]ltxfl;s k|lqmofdf v]lnPsf]
e"ldsfnfO{ ;zQm ?kdf phfuf/ ug'{ ePsf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df jxf“sf s]xL
/rgfx? pNn]vgLo /x]sf 5g\ .
æg]kfndf wfld{s Pj+ hftLo ;d:of / ;dfwfgM Ps rrf{Æ zLif{s /rgfdf
jxf“n] nfdf] ;dob]lv Psflt/ hg:t/df wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf, hftLo ;b\efj Pj+ Ps
cfk;df ;f}xfb|{ cGt/lqmof Pj+ cGt3{'ngsf] k|j[lQ k|jn /lxcfPsf] / csf]{lt/ zf;s
ju{n] wfld{s tyf hftLo ?kdf hgtfsf aLrdf k'm6 kfg]{ tyf lxGb" wd{nfO{
/fHosf] wd{sf ?kdf dfGotf lbO{ cfÏgf] hfltsf efiff, wd{, ;“:s[lt /
/Lltl/jfhnfO{ ;Qfsf] andf c?dfly yf]kg]{ b'ik|of; ub}{ cfPsf] s'/f k|i6 kfg'{
ePsf] 5 . wfld{s k|Zgaf/] s= k|r08 eGg'x'G5 æwd{nfO{ /fHoaf6 cnu /fvL
To;nfO{ JolQmut cf:yfsf cfwf/df dfGg] jf gdfGg] s'/fsf] lgwf{/0f ug]{ clwsf/
:yflkt ug'{ g} ;f“rf] cy{df wfld{s :jtGqtf xf] .Æ -g]kfnL qmflGtsf ;d:ofx?
efu–#_ o;} k|lqmofdf jxf“n] ;f]xL /rgfdf hftLo pTkL8gsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu
hftLo cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/;lxt
:j–zf;gsf] :yfkgf clgjfo{ ePsf] s'/f atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
@)%& df ;DkGg g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] bf];|f] P]ltxfl;s
/fli6«o ;Dd]ngdf kfl/t b:tfj]hsf] …Oltxf;sf] ;fdfGo cjnf]sgÚ pkzLif{sdf jxf“n]
g]kfnL ;dfh dfQ[ tyf lkQ[;QfTds slanfO{ cj:yfaf6 ;fdGtjfbL s]Gb|Ls[t /fHo;Qf
x'“b} s;/L cw{;fdGtL tyf cw{cf}klgj]lzs cj:yfdf cfOk'Uof], of] k|lqmofdf g]kfnL
hgtf ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbaf6 s;/L zf]lift / pTkLl8t x'“b} cfP, b]zelQm tyf
/fli6«o cfTd;Ddfgsf vflt/ g]kfnL hgtfn]
;fd|fHojfb tyf k|e'Tjjfbsf lj?4sf] ;ª\3if{df s] s:tf Tofu, jL/tf /
alnbfgsf cfbz{ k|:t't u/], of] k|lqmofdf hgtfsf lj?4 b]zL / ljb]zL b'Zdgx?aLr
s] s:tf ;f“7uf“7, if8oGq / ;Demf}tf x'“b} cfP / cfh g]kfnL hgtfn] To;k|sf/sf
zf]if0f, pTkL8g / if8oGqsf lj?4 hgjfb / /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf kIfdf s;/L cfGbf]ng
rnfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ cflb k|Zgaf/] /fd|f] k|sfz kfg'{ ePsf] 5 . pTkfbgsf
lglDt ;ª\3if{ tyf ju{;ª\3if{sf] k|lqmofdf g]kfnL hgtfn] Oltxf; lgdf{0f ub}{
cfPsf] / ul//x]sf] s'/fnfO{ jxf“n] ;zQm ?kdf k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] 5 . cWoIf
sd/]8 eGg' x'G5M æk|ltlqmofjfbLx?n] Oltxf;nfO{ kl5 ws]n]/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{]
w[i6tf ub{5g\, t/ Oltxf;nfO{ kl5 kmsf{pg slxNo} s;}n] ;s]sf] 5}g / s;}n] ;Sg]
klg 5}g . k|ltlqmofjfbL tTjx? cfÏgf] ;Qf :jfy{sf lgldQ kl5 kms{g ;S5g\ t/
hgtfnfO{ cfÏgf] ;ª\3if{sf] qmdaf6 k|fKt cg'ej / r]tgfaf6 kl5 kmsf{pg sbflk ;Sg]
5}gg\ .Æ -dxfg\ cu|ufdL 5nf¨ Oltxf;sf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf_ xf], Oltxf;nfO{
s;}n] k5fl8 kmsf{pg ;St}gg\ . g]kfnL ;dfh / ;“:s[ltsf] P]ltxfl;s klxrfgsf
;Gbe{df jxf“sf oL ljrf/x? lgs} dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL ;fdflhs
hLjg tyf ;“:s[ltsf] If]qdf k|ltufdL / cu|ufdL r]tgfsf aLr rNb} cfPsf]
ju{;ª\3if{sf] P]ltxfl;s k|lqmof, g]kfnL hgtfsf] dgf]j}1flgs ;+/rgf / jt{dfg
cj:yfnfO{ s=cWoIfn] /fd|f];“u phfu/ ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
hgo'4, hgljb|f]x / hgd'lQmsf]
k|Zg
g]kfnL
hg;d'bfo nfdf] ;dob]lv ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbåf/f hftLo, If]qLo, eflifs, wfld{s,
ln¨Lo, ;f“:s[lts tyf juL{o pTkL8gsf] lzsf/ x'“b} cfPsf 5g\ /
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tjdf @)%@ kmfu'g ! ut]b]lv ;~rflnt x'“b} cfPsf]
dxfg\ hgo'4 oL ;a} pTkL8gsf lj?4 g]kfnL hg;d'bfosf] jf:tljs d'lQmsf nflu ;DkGg
dxfg\ hgljb|f]x xf] . of] dxfg\ hgljb|f]xsf] ;f/tTjdfly k|sfz kfb}{ cWoIf
s=k|r08 eGg' x'G5– æjf:tjdf hgo'4sf] P]ltxfl;s kxnsbdL ;fd|fHojfb / xfd|f]
cj:yfdf d'VotM ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] cufl8 3'“8f 6]Sb} af/Daf/ /fi6«3ft ub}{
cfPsf /fi6«3ftLx?sf lj?4 b]zeQmx?sf] ljb|f]x xf] / Tof] oxL ;f/nfO{ af]s]/
lg/Gt/ cl3 a9\g]5 . hgo'4 k|hftGqsf] gfddf hgtfsf] Gofok"0f{
cfGbf]ngsf lj?4 zlQmsf] efiff af]Nb} hgtfsf cgluGtL 5f]/f5f]/Lx?sf] /ut lkp“b}
cfPsf kmfl;i6x?sf lj?4 hgtfsf] ljb|f]x xf] / oxL ;f/nfO{ af]s]/ of] lg/Gt/ cl3
a9\g]5 . hgo'4 ljsf;sf gfddf hgtfnfO{ cefj / ul/jLsf] b'Zrqmdf kf/L c/aklt
aGg k'u]sf ;fdGt, gf]s/zfx / bnfn k"“hLkltx?sf lj?4 ljb|f]x xf] / oxL
;f/nfO{ af]s]/ of] lg/Gt/ cl3 a9g]5 . hgo'4 g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf
xfjL /x]sf] ;'wf/jfb–;+zf]wgjfb, h;n] sDo'lgi6sf] gfddf k|ltlqmofjfbsf] ;]jf
ub}{ cfPsf] 5, To;sf lj?4 qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] ljb|f]x xf] / oxL ;f/nfO{ af]s]/ of]
lg/Gt/ cl3 a9\g]5Æ-g]kfnL qmflGtsf ;d:ofx? efu–@_. oxf“ s= k|r08n] ;fdGt, gf]s/zfx
tyf bnfn k"“hLklt ju{, ;fdGtjfb, lj:tf/jfb tyf ;fd|fHofjfb, ;+;bLo
kmf;LjfbL Joj:yf / ;+zf]wgjfbsf lj?4 hgo'4sf ?kdf k|:t't hgljb|f]xsf]
;f/tTjnfO{ /fd|f];“u phfuf/ ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
ljleGg k|sf/sf zf]if0f / pTkL8gaf6 hg;d'bfosf] d'lQm s;/L x'g
;Sb5 / To;sf cfwf/e"t dfux? s]–s] x'g\ eGg] s'/f jxf“n] ljleGg b:tfj]hx?sf
;fy} pQm /fli6«o ;Dd]ngdf kfl/t ækf6L{ hglbzfaf/]Æ pkzLif{s b:tfj]hdf k|i6
kfg'{ ePsf] 5 . of] b:tfj]hdf jxf“n] ljleGg pTkL8gx?sf] cf–cfÏgf] :jTj eP
klg cGttM tL juL{o pTkL8gs} cleJolQm ePsf] s'/faf/] klg /fd|f] k|sfz kfg'{
ePsf] 5 .
gof“ ;f“:s[lts d"Noaf]w
dxfg\ hgo'4sf
aLraf6 gof“ ;Qf, gof“ ljrf/ / gof“ ;“:s[lt;“u} gof“ ;f“:s[lts d"Noaf]wsf]
hGd ePsf] 5 . o;k|sf/sf] ;f“:s[lts d"Noaf]w hgjfb, /fli6«o :jfwLgtf /
;j{xf/f cGt/f{li6«otfjfbsf j}1flgs d"No dfGotfdf cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 .
of] dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kyåf/f lgb]{lzt /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf
k'/fgf]sf] Wj+z / gof“sf] lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf ljsl;t gof“ ;“:s[ltaf/] s=k|r08
eGg' x'G5M æhgo'4df Wj+zsf] cy{ k'/fgf] ;fdGtL ;Qfsf] /fhg}lts / ef}lts Wj+z
dfq geP/ ;du|df p;sf] ;fdGtL ;“:s[ltsf] Wj+zsf cy{df ;d]t a'em\g' kb{5 .
To;}u/L gof“ lgdf{0fsf] cy{ hg;Qfx?sf] /fhg}lts / ef}lts lgdf{0f dfq geP/
;du|df gof“ hg;“:s[ltsf] lgdf{0fsf cy{df ;d]t a'em\g' kb{5 . gjf}+ jif{df
k|j]z u/]sf] dxfg\ hgo'4n] j:t'tM Wj+z
/ lgdf{0fsf] ToxL P]ltxfl;s k|ls|ofnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ df}lnstf, tLj|tf
/ eJotf;lxt cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] 5 . cfh b]zsf ;du| u|fdL0f Onfsfdf ;fdGtL
;Qfsf zf]if0f–pTkL8gd"ns cfly{s / /fhg}lts cfwf/;“u;“u} cGw–ljZjf;, ?9Ljfb,
efUojfb, 5'jf5't, /x:ojfb, cjtf/jfb, hftLo / lnËLo, e]befj, hfnem]n, km“6ofO{
h:tf hglj/f]wL / kfv08L ;fdGtL ;“:s[ltsf h/f klg pv]ln+b} uPsf 5g\ .
u|fdL0f If]qdf kfv08L ;fdGtL ;“:s[ltsf h/fx? h'g :t/;Dd pv]lnPsf 5g\ ToxL
:t/;Dd j}1flgs / hgjfbL ;f“:s[lts d"No dfGotfx? ljsl;t / :yflkt klg x'+“b}
uPsf 5g\ . k'/fgf] ;fdGtL cfwf/nfO{ eTsfP/ hgjfbL gof“ cfwf/df gof“
g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ dxfg\ ;kgfnfO{ ;fsf/ kfg]{ of] g} j}1flgs k|lqmof
xf] . of] k|lqmofdf b'Zdgk|lt hg–;d'bfosf 3[0ff / cfs|f]z, k|To]s ljhox?sf
xif{ / uj{ tyf Iflt / k/fho, cf“;' / kL8f h:tf ;a} k|sf/sf ;+j]bgf /
cg'e"ltx? cfkm\gf] pRrtfdf JoQm x'“b} cfPsf 5g\ . 3[0ff–cfqmf]z,
xif{–uj{ / cf“;'–kL8f h:tf hg;d'bfosf cg'e"ltx? cfh b]zJofkL?kdf uLt,
;+uLt, syf, sljtf, ;“:d/0f, gf6s, pkGof; cflbsf?kdf cleJoQm x'+b} / ;+Zn]lift
aGb} uPsf 5g\ . ;f“:s[lts?kn] ;dfhjfbL oyfy{jfbsf] cleGg c+usf ?kdf cufl8
al9/x]sf] g]kfnL hgjfbL ;“:s[ltsf] of] ljlzi6 wf/fnfO{ @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] gof“
hg–;“:s[ltsf ?kdf ;+Zn]lift ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] dnfO{ nfUb5 .Æ-cGtjf{tf{M
snd, cª\s ##÷#$_
oxf“ k'/fgf]sf]
Wj+z / gof“sf] lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofdf ljsl;t gof“ ef}lts / ;f“:s[lts
d"Noaf]w af/] /fd|f] k|sfz kfl/Psf] 5 . ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4
ljsl;t hgljb|f]x, hglxt tyf hgd'lQm, ju{r]tgf, j}1flgs ljZjb[li6sf]0f /
snfr]tgfdf cfwfl/t of] gof“ ;“:s[ltnfO{ cWoIf s=k|r08n] ;dfhjfbL oyfy{jfbsf]
cleGg c¨sf ?kdf ljsl;t PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] gof“ hg;“:s[ltsf ?kdf ;+Zn]if0f ug'{
ePsf] 5 .
;To, lzj / ;'Gb/
;jf]{Rr ;f“:s[lts d"No x'g\ . logsf] ljsf; Wj+z / lgdf{0fsf] åGåfTds
;ª\3if{sf aLraf6 x'g] ub{5 . cWoIf s= k|r08 eGg' x'G5–æWj+z / lgdf{0fsf
aLrdf åGåfTds ;DaGw /x]sf] x'G5 . dxfg\ lgdf{0fsf] ;DaGw 7"nf] :t/sf]
Wj+z;“u cljefHo 5 . c;Tosf] Wj+z gu/L ;Tosf] :yfkgf x'g} ;Qm}g .
cGofonfO{ Wj+z gu/L Gofosf] lgdf{0f x'g ;Qm}g . k'/ftgsf] Wj+z gu/L
g"tgsf] :yfkgf x'g ;Qm}g .Æ-cGtjf{tf{M ;Daf]wg, jif{–!, cª\s–!_
g]kfndf dxfg\ hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf Wj+z / lgdf{0fsf aLraf6 k'/fgf ;f“:s[lts
d"Nox?sf] lj36g / gof“ ;f“:s[lts d"Nox?sf] ;ª\36gsf] k|lqmof ;zQm
?kdf cufl8 a9\b} cfPsf] 5 . o;} k|lqmofdf c;Tosf lj?4 ;Tosf], clzjsf lj?4
lzjsf] / s'?ksf lj?4 ;'Gb/sf] klg lg/Gt/ ljsf; x'“b} uO/x]sf]5 .
;f“:s[lts cfGbf]ngsf] lbzf
g]kfnL ;“f:s[lts
cfGbf]ng /fhgLlts cfGbf]ng;“u cleGg ?kdf uf“l;Psf] 5 . of] g]kfnL
;j{xf/fju{sf] /fhgLlts g]t[Tjdf ;fdGtjfb, ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf lj?4 g]kfndf
gof“ hgjfbL u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf u/L ;dfhjfbtkm{ cufl8 a9\g] p2]Zodf cfwfl/t /x]sf]
5 . of] k|lqmofdf ju{b'Zdg / ;+zf]wgjfbLx?åf/f k}bf ul/+b} cfPsf tdfd
e|dx?nfO{ lrb}{ cWoIf s=k|r08sf] g]t[Tjdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] ;f“:s[lts
cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;':ki6 lbzfaf]w k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .
;fdGtjfb /
;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 kl/nlIft g]kfnL gof“ hgjfbL qmflGtsf] k|lqmofdf ;fdGtjfbn]
/fli6«otf / ;fd|fHojfbn] hgtfsf] gfddf hgtfdf 7"nf] e|d 5g]{ w[i6tf ub{}
cfPsf 5g\ . ;fy} log} k|Zgdf ;+zf]wgjfbLx? /fhtGq, ;fd|fHojfb tyf
lj:tf/jfbsf] lk5nUu' aGb} cfPsf 5g\ . o;k|sf/sf tdfd e|dx?nfO{ lrb}{
s=k|r08 eGg' x'G5–æhg;d'bfonfO{ e|ldt t'Nofpg] p2]Zon] dfq ;fdGtjfbn]
/fli6«otfsf] / ;fd|fHojfbn] æk|hftGqÆsf] b'xfO lbg] u/]sf 5g\ . ;fd|fHojfb
/ ;j{xf/f qmflGtsf] o'usf] ljz]iftf / g]kfnsf] cfÏg} cg'ejaf6 of] :ki6 5 ls
;fdGtjfb /fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 hfb}g / ;fd|fHojfb ;fdGtjfbsf lj?4 hfb}g .
g]kfndf sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]gsf uDeL/ ljrngx? o;} ljGb'af6 b]lvb} u/]sf 5g\Æ-dxfg\
cu|ufdL 5nf¨ Oltxf;sf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf_ .
ljB'tLo
;"rgf / k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf sf/0f e"d08nLs/0fsf] k|lqmof tLj| aGb}
uPsf] cfhsf] o'udf ;fd|fHojfbåf/f g]kfndf cg]sf+} j}rfl/s tyf ;f“:s[lts
k|b"if0fx? km}nfpg], Pg=hL=cf]= tyf cfO=Pg=hL=cf]=x?åf/f hgtfdf e|d 5g]{,
af}l4s cj;/jfb k}bf ug]{ / cGttM g]kfnsf] /fli6«o cl:dtfsf] ;d]t ckx/0f ug]{ sfd
x'“b} cfPsf] 5 . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ dfly
cftª\sjfbsf] cf/f]k nufp“b} cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] of] k|lqmofnfO{ cem} a9fPsf]
5 . k|r08kyn] o; k|sf/sf] x:tIf]ksf] b[9tfk"j{s lj/f]w ub{5 .
g]kfnL ;f“:s[lts
cfGbf]ngdf b]vf kb}{ cfPsf] csf]{ e|d eg]sf] ;f“:s[lts cfGbf]ngnfO{ /fhg}lts
cfGbf]ng / hgo'4af6 k[ys\ ljz'4 ;f“:s[lts cfGbf]ngsf] ?kdf lng' xf] . of]
e|dnfO{ lrb}{ cWoIf s= k|r08n] eGg' ePsf] 5 æaGb"s, snd / dfbnsf] PsLs[t
sdf08 cfhsf] HjnGt cfjZostf xf] .Æ-snd, cª\s–@%-@^_ . of]
egfOn] ;f“:s[lts tyf /fhgLlts cfGbf]ng / hgo'4sf] PsLs[t sfo{lbzfsf] kIfkf]if0f
ub{5 . o;af/] cem k|i6 kfb}{ s= k|r08 eGg' x'G5–æOltxf;sf s'g} klg dxfg\
/fhg}lts qmflGtx? cfkm}df dxfg\ ;f“:s[lts qmflGtklg x'g] ub{5g\ . ;du|–o'4
(Total War) sf ?kdf cufl8 a9\b}
cfPsf] g]kfnL hgo'4 cfkm\gf] ;f/tTjdf ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 Pp6f dxfg\
;f“:s[lts o'4 klg xf] .Æ-cGtjf{tf{ snd–##÷#$_ . j:t'tM hgo'4
Pp6f dxfg\ ;f“:s[lts o'4 xf] . dflysf egfOaf6 s] k|i6 x'G5 eg] kf6L{sf
/fhg}lts, kmf}hL / ;f“:s[lts sfo{lbzf gof“ hgjfbL qmflGt / hgo'4sf] ;du|
sfo{lbzfsf cljefHo c¨ x'g\ / ltgnfO{ PsLs[t 9¨n] cufl8 a9fpg' kb{5 .
;f“:s[lts
cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;xL lbzfdf cufl8 a9fpgsf nflu afXo ?kdf ;fdGtjfb, ;fd|fHojfb,
lj:tf/jfb tyf ;+zf]wgjfb / cfGtl/s ?kdf ltgnfO{ k|ltljlDat ug]{ ;a} vfn]
cj;/jfbsf lj?4 lg/Gt/ ;ª\3if{ ub}{ hfg' clgjfo{ x'G5 . jt{dfg cj:yfdf
;+f:s[lts cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;xL lbzf k|bfg ug]{ af/] s=cWoIf eGg'x'G5–æhgo'4, cfh
cfÏgf] ljsf;sf] cToGt ;Dj]bgzLn / ;+qmd0fsfnLg r/0faf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 .
/0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] of] r/0fdf Psflt/ b'Zdg;“u rNg] eLif0f kmf}hL 6Ss/sf sf/0f
blIf0fkGyL cfTd;dk{0fjfbL lrGtg k|an vt/f aGg] / csf{lt/ gof“ ;Qfsf] ljsf;sf]
cj:yfsf] sf/0f gf]s/zfxL lrGtg sfo{z}nL k|an aGg] vt/f /xG5g\ . kf6L{n]
blIf0fkGyL cfTd;dk{0fjfbsf lj?4sf] j}rfl/s ;ª\3if{nfO{ k|wfgtf lb+b} gf]s/zfxL
lrGtg, sfo{z}nLsf lj?4;d]t ;ª\3if{nfO{ a9fP/ n}hfg] gLlt lnPsf] 5 .
l:yltsf] jt{dfg ;+j]bgzLntfsf] ;Gbe{df ;f“:s[lts cfGbf]ngnfO{ cem s]lGb|t,
of]hgfa4 / hgJofkL agfpg kf6L{n] ljz]if hf]8 ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .Æ-pQm_
g]kfnL ;f“:s[lts
cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;xL 9¨n] cufl8 a9fpgsf] nflu k|r08kyn] ;fdGtjfb, ;fd|fHojfb /
lj:tf/jfb lj/f]wL ;a} zlQm tyf cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ PsLs[t t'Nofpg], ;+zf]wgjfbsf]
lg/Gt/ e08fkmf]/ ub}{ hfg] / ;f“:s[lts cfGbf]ngnfO{ s]lGb|t, of]hgfa4 tyf
hgJofkL agfpg] sfdsf] ck]Iff ub{5 .
;flxTo / snfaf/]
;flxTo / snf
ljrf/wf/fsf ?kx? x'g\ . k|ltlqmofjfbL / ;+zf]wgjfbLx?n] ;flxTo / snfnfO{
qmflGtsf/L ljrf/wf/f / To;df klg cem d'VotM /fhgLltaf6 cnUofpg] w[i6tf ub}{
cfPsf 5g\ . of] k|;ª\udf s=cWoIfn] ;flxTo / /fhgLltaLrsf] ;DaGwdfly /fd|f]
k|sfz kfb}{ eGg' ePsf] 5M æj:t'tM cf–cfºgf] ljlzi6 d"No;lxt /fhgLlt ;flxTo
xf] / ;flxTo /fhgLlt xf] . b'a}sf aLrdf Ps–csf{sf] k"/s aGg] cleefHo
åG4fTds ;DjGw /x]sf] x'G5 . o;f] x'“bfx'“b} klg cGttM /fhgLltn] g} k|wfg /
g]t[TjbfoL e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf] x'G5 .Æ-cGtjf{tf{ snd cª\s–@%÷@^_
;flxTol;t ljrf/wf/f / /fhgLltsf] ;DaGwaf/] k|:t't of] dfGotf ;du| snfsf ;DaGwdf
klg ;To xf] .
ju{;dfhdf
;flxTo, snf / ;“:s[ltsf] If]qdf juL{o kIfw/tfn] ljz]if e"ldsf v]Nb5 .
dxfg\ hgo'4sf] of] k|lqmofdf ;flxTo, snf / ;“:s[ltsf] kIfw/tfdfly k|i6 kfb}{ s=
k|r08 eGg' x'G5M ædxfg\ hgo'4sf qmddf hg;d'bfon] k|bz{g ul//x]sf] Tofu, tk:of,
jL/tf / alnbfgsf] cf]h / ul/dfnfO{ snfTds cleJolQmåf/f hg;d'bfos} n8\g] pT;fx /
Pstf alnof] kfg]{ k|ltj4tfk"0f{ kxn g} cfhsf] ;f}Gbo{af]wsf] jf:tljs
dfkb08 xf] . hg;d'bfosf lj?4 k'/fgf] kmf;LjfbL ;Qfåf/f eO/x]sf] cTofrf/sf
lj?4 cfjfh gp7fpg] tyf hg;d'bfosf] ljb|f]x / qmflGtsf/L kxnsf lj?4 eO/x]sf]
k|ltlqmofjfbL / ;+zf]wgjfbL ljif–adgsf] k|ltsf/ gug]{ ;flxTo hgtfsf] lgldQ
ljiffn' dfq x'g]5Æ-pQm_ . oxf“ Psflt/ snfsf] juL{o kIfw/tfdfly ljz]if hf]8
lbOPsf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ hg;d'bfonfO{ s]Gb|ljGb'df /fvL dxfg\ hgo'4nfO{
;f}Gbo{af]wsf] dfkb08sf ?kdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
hgo'4sf]
k|lqmofdf hgjfbL tyf k|ultjfbL ;flxTo, snf / ;ª\uLtsf] If]qdf x'“b} cfPsf]
k|ult / ;d:ofaf/] s=k|r08n] cfjZos Wofg lb+b} cfpg' ePsf] 5 . jxf“
eGg'x'G5M–æju{o'4sf] p“rfOsf] ;fk]Iftfdf :t/Lo ;flxTo n]vg / ;fª\uLlts ljsf;
v8\sg] l:yltdf /x] tfklg of] lbzfdf eO/x]sf kxn / To;df b]vfkb}{ uPsf]
uDeL/tfn] lgs6 eljiodf /fd|f] k|ltkmn cfpg] s'/fdf d ljZj:t g} 5'Æ-;Daf]wg–pQm_ .
hgjfbL tyf k|ultjfbL ;flxTo, snf / ;ª\uLtsf] :t/Lotfaf/] cWoIf sd/]8af6 k|:t't
oL ljrf/x? dggof]Uo /x]sf 5g\ .
cfhsf] o'udf
k|ultjfbL ;flxTo / snfsf] k|ltlglw /rgf s:tf] x'g' kb{5 < s=k|r08 eGg'x'G5M
æcfhsf k|ultzLn, n]vs, slj, snfsf/x?n] /ftf] nfnl6gsf] ;f“:s[lts r]tgfnfO{
cfºgf] k|:yfgljGb' agfpg' h?/L 5 . casf uf]sL{ / n' z'g dxfg\ ;j{xf/f
;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] r]tgfsf] hudf 6]s]/ dfq cufl8 cfpg]5g\Æ-snd–@%÷@^_ .
ju{;ª\3if{ / qmflGtsf ljsf;;“u} ;flxTo / snfsf] klg pRr:t/df ljsf; x'g' cfjZos
x'G5 . cfhsf] hdfgfdf uf]sL{, n' z'geGbf cufl8 a9]/ / dxfg\ ;j{xf/f
;“:s[lts qmflGt;Dd cfp“bf k|ltlglw /rgf ag]sf] /ftf] nfnl6gsf] hudf p“leP/
Tof]eGbf cem} pTs[i6 /rgfsf] lgdf{0f ug'{ h?/L 5 . s=k|r08sf] of] lgb]{zn]
k|ultjfbL ;flxTo / snfsf] If]qdf pTs[i6 k|f?kx?sf] lgdf{0f ug]{ dfu ub{5 .
;+zf]wgjfbL k|nfkdfly k|xf/
g]kfnL hgtfsf
b]zL tyf ljb]zL b'Zdgx? dfq xf]Og, ;+zf]wgjfbLx?n] klg g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f
;~rflnt dxfg\ hgo'4dfly cftª\sjfbsf] cf/f]k nufpg] w[i6tf ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .
cWoIf s=k|r08n] o;k|sf/sf k|nfkx?dfly ;zQm k|xf/ ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 .
dxfg\ hgo'4sf]
k|lqmofdf hg;d'bfoåf/f k|:t't ul/Psf] Tofu, jL/tf tyf jlnbfgsf] kIf /
ju{b'Zdgåf/f ePsf xTof, cftª\s tyf bdgsf] lj/f]wdf k|ultjfbL n]vs snfsf/x?åf/f
l;lh{t ;flxTo / snfsf] ljzfn e08f/ tof/ x'“b} uO/x]sf] 5 . k/Gt' ljlrq
s'/f s] 5 eg] tL /rgf, dxfg\ hgo'4 / ;du| gof“ hg;“:s[ltdfly cftª\sjfbsf] c/f]k
nufp“b} Pdfn] g]t[Tj d08nLsf s]xL ef6x?n] lgs[i6 ljifadg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .
k|ltlqmofjfbdf ktg ePsf To; k|sf/sf ;+zf]wgjfbLx?dfly s8f k|xf/ ub}{ s=cWoIf
eGg'x'G5–æju{b[li6 u'dfP/ ;fd|fHojfbL 8f“sf / ;fdGtL xTof/fx¿sf s[tbf; aGg
k'u]sf sfo/x¿sf] 3[0fLt lrTsf/afx]s To; k|sf/sf kmQ'/x¿sf] s'g} d"No d
b]lVbg . ;fd|fHojfbL aGb's / ;fdGtL b/af/sf t/af/n] g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf]
5ftL l5ofl5of kfl/lb“bf lx+;f / cftª\s gb]Vg], lbglbg} ufp“–a:tLdf xTof,
anfTsf/ / cfuhgLsf ljeLlifsf dRrfpg]x¿nfO{ …cftª\ssf ufosÚ gdfGg], pN6} b]z /
hgtfsf] /Iffsf nflu cfttfoLx¿sf lj?4sf] k|lt/f]wdf Tofu, tk:of, jL/tf /
alnbfgsf sLlt{dfg v8f ug]{x¿sf kIfdf ;flxTo–;[hgf ug]{x¿nfO{ ;/fk]/ a:g]x¿sf]
w]/} v08g ul//xg'kb{5 eGg] dnfO{ nfUb}gÆ-;Daf]wg–pQm_ .
olQ dfq xf]Og,
cfk"mnfO{ gof“ hgjfbL cfGbf]ngsf] kIfw/ atfpg] tTjx?n] klg o;k|sf/sf]
dxfg\ hgo'4dfly lx+;fjfb / ;fdflhs kmf;Ljfbsf] cf/f]k nufp“b} cfPsf 5g\ .
pgLx?sf o;k|sf/sf cf/f]kx?dfly ;d]t ;zQm k|xf/ ub}{ s=k|r08 eGg'
x'G5–æcfkm"nfO{ gof“ hgjfbL cfGbf]ngsf kIfw/ atfpg] To;k|sf/sf dflg;x¿n]
ju{o'4 / qmflGtnfO{ To;sf] j}1flgs cy{df a'em\g k"0f{ c;kmn ePsf] tYonfO{
g} To; k|sf/sf slyt cf/f]kx¿n] k|dfl0ft ub{5g\ . qmflGtsf/L lx+;fsf]
;fj{ef}d rl/qnfO{ …lx+;fjfbÚ b]Vg' dfS;{jfblj/f]wL b[li6sf]0fsf] cleJolQm
xf] . k|ltqmflGtsf lj?4sf] nfncftª\snfO{ ;fdflhs kmf;Ljfb b]Vg' klg ToxL
b[li6bf]ifsf] kl/rfos dfq xf] . xfd|f] ljrf/df d'vn] qmflGtsf] s'/f ug]{ /
Jojxf/n] k|ltqmflGtsf] ;]jf ug]{ ;f/;ª\u|xjfb / dWokGyL cj;/jfbn] dfq ;Rrf
qmflGt / qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf lj?4 To;k|sf/sf t'R5 l6Kk0fL ug{ ;Sb5Æ-pQm_ .
dxfg\ hgo'4
b]zelQm, hgjfb / ;fDojfbsf dxfg\ cfbz{ k|flKtsf] lbzfdf kl/nlIft /x]sf]
5 . of] dxfg\ cfbz{ k|fKt ug]{ af6f] dxfg\ hgo'4sf] af6f] xf] .
ju{;dfhdf hgtfn] lx+;fTds qmflGtsf] cefjdf /fHo;Qf k|fKt ug]{ ;St}g .
cGofok"0f{ o'4sf lj?4 Gofok"0f{ o'4sf] ;~rfng hgtfsf] d'lQm lglDt
ckl/xfo{ 5 . of] j}1flgs ;RrfOsf lj?4 hfg] ;+zf]wgjfbLx? c;nL cy{df
ju{b'Zdgsf rfs/ x'g\ / ltgsf] s= k|r08n] ;zQm e08fkmf]/ ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
kf6L{ z'4Ls/0f / lg/Gt/ qmflGt
kf6L{
ljk/Ltx?sf] PsTj xf] . ljleGg ljrf/x?sf] ;ª\3if{sf aLraf6 kf6L{sf] ljsf;
x'G5 . sDo'lgi6x? ;+;f/ abNg] gof“ zlQm x'g\ . ;+;f/ abNg rfxg]x?n]
;j{k|yd cfkm}nfO{ abNg' kb{5 . To;sf nflu lg/Gt/ z'4Ls/0f cleofg rnfp“b}
hfg' cfjZos x'G5 . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] c9fO{ jif{sf] ljsf;sf] k|lqmofdf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] P]ltxfl;s rf}yf] lj:tfl/t a}7sdf z'4Ls/0f cleofg cufl8
a9fpg] lg0f{o lnOPsf] lyof] .
pQm a}7sdf kfl/t
b:tfj]hsf] æb'O{ nfOg ;ª\3if{ / kf6L{ z'4Ls/0fÆ pkzLifs{df b'O{ nfOg
;ª\3if{af/] k|i6 kfb}{ s= k|r08 eGg'x'G5–æb'O{ nfOg ;ª\3if{sf] s]Gb|ljGb'
e"sDksf] s]Gb|ljGb' h:t} kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sld6L g} x'g] ub{5 .
;j{xf/fjfbL sfo{lbzfdf / j'h'{jf sfo{lbzfsf] s]Gb|Lo cleJolQm / n8fO s]Gb|Lo
sld6Ldf g} x'g] ub{5 . b'O{ nfOg ;ª\3if{nfO{ 7Ls 9¨n] ;~rfng ul/Pdf
;fdfGotM qmflGtsf/L kIfsf] ljho lglZrt x'G5 . blIf0fkGyL ;+zf]wgjfb d'Vo
vt/f eO/x]sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf b'O{ nfOg ;ª\3if{;DaGwL pk/f]Qm a'emfOdf :ki6 eP/
dfq kf6L{ leq / aflx/sf cj;/jfbsf lj?4 7Ls 9¨n] ;ª\3if{ u/L kf6L{ / qmflGtnfO{
csf]{ gof“ p“rfOdf p7fpg ;lsg]5 .Æ oL egfOx?n] kf6L{ leqsf] b'O{ nfOg
;ª\3if{sf] s]Gb|ljGb' s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt x'g] / Tof] k|lqmof lgs} hl6n aGg] s'/fnfO{
/fd|f];“u phfu/ ub{5g\ .
kf6L{ afXo /
cfGtl/s ;a} k|sf/sf cj;/jfb / ;+zf]wgjfbsf lj?4 lg/Gt/ ;ª\3if{ ub}{ cfPsf]
5 . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] k|lqmofdf ;~rflnt z'4Ls/0f cleofgn] kf6L{df ljBdfg
c/fhstfjfbL JolQmjfb, 5f8fjfb, ;+sL0f{tfjfb, dgf]utjfb, pbf/tfjfb / lj;{hgjfbsf
;fy} If'b| cfnf]s k|j[lQ nufotsf tdfd u}/;j{xf/f ljrf/, lrGtg / k|j[lQx?dflysf]
j}rfl/s ;ª\3if{df kf6L{n] lg/Gt/ ljho xfl;n ub}{ cfPsf] 5 / of] l;¨f] k|lqmofdf
kf6L{n] blIf0fkGyL cfTd;dk{0fjfb / cfTd;'/Iffjfbsf lj?4 k|xf/ s]lGb|t ub}{
csd{0otfjfb / b':;fx;jfbsf lj?4 ;d]t j}rfl/s ;ª\3if{ rnfp“b} cfPsf] 5 .
z'4Ls/0f cleofg
eg]sf] ;a} u}/;j{xf/fjfbL ljrf/, k|j[lQ / lrGtgsf lj?4 kf6L{nfO{
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kyn] ;d[4 t'Nofp“b} lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf] lbzfdf
cufl8 a9fpg' xf] . of] k|lqmof eg]sf] qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] cfÏgf] kª\lQmnfO{
j}rfl/s, efjgfTds / ;f“:s[lts ?kn] ?kfGt/0f ub}{ l;¨f] ;dfhnfO{ ?kfGt/0f ug]{
k|lqmof xf] .
rLgdf dfcf]sf]
g]t[Tjdf ;DkGg dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] k|lqmofdf k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg /
b'O{nfOg ;ª\3if{sf ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu cToGt} P]ltxfl;s e"ldsf
lgjf{x u¥of] . k/Gt' To;n] klg k|ltqmflGtsf] vt/fnfO{ /f]Sg ;s]g .
Tof] l:yltdf k|r08kyn] lg/Gt/ qmfltsf] l;4fGtnfO{ cem dfly p7fp“b} kf6L{leq
z'4Ls/0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{ lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVg' kg]{ cfjZostf dfly hf]8lb+b} cfPsf]
5 .
dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGt / PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfb
PSsfO;f}+
ztfAbLdf hgjfb qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ / k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] dxfg\ p2]Zodf cfwfl/t
5 . of] dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] csf]{ gof“ lg/Gt/tf xf] .
o;sf] ;f/tTjdfly k|sfz kfb}{ cWoIf s=k|r08 eGg' x'G5–æ=====lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf]
l;4fGt cg';f/ /fHo;Qfdf hg;d'bfosf] lgoGq0f, lgu/fgL / x:tIf]ksf] k|lqmofnfO{
;hLj / j}1flgs9+un] ;ª\ul7t ug]{ cfjZostfdf hf]8 lbOg' kb{5 . oxf“ km]l/
klg k|Zg b'Zdgsf lj?4 clwgfosTjsf] k|efjsfl/tf hg;d'bfosf] hgjfbsf] cEof;sf]
k|efjsfl/tfdf lge{/ /xg] j}1flgs tYonfO{ åGåfTds 9+un] ;ª\ul7t ug]{{ k|Zg g}
xf]Æ-PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfb_ .
PSsfO;f}+
ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;n] n]vs / snfsf/x?sf] cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] k|Zgdf s]
s:tf] k|efj kfb{5 / qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ tyf k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] k|Zgdf ;flxTo, snf
/ ;“:s[ltsf] s] s:tf] e"ldsf x'G5 eGg] s'/fdfly s=k|r08n] /fd|f] k|sfz
kfg'{ ePsf] 5 . s= k|r08 eGg'x'G5– ælglZrt?kdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;n] n]vs, slj,
snfsf/x?sf] cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf Pj+ >[hgsfo{df ax'cfoflds ljsf;sf nflu cg's"n jftfj/0f k|bfg ub{5 . ;of}+
km"nx? km'Ng lbg] / ;of}+ ljrf/ zfvfdf xf]8 x'g lbg] dfcf]jfbL dfGotfnfO{
xfd|f] hgjfbsf] ljsf;sf] k|:tfjn] ljrf/ / ljlwsf b'a} b[li6n] dfly p7fpg] df“u
ub{5 . qmflGt / k|ltqmflGt b'a}sfnflu cfjZos hgdt lgdf{0fdf ;f“:s[lts
If]qsf] e"ldsf cToGt dxTjk"0f{ /xG5 / /x“b} cfPsf] klg 5 . ?; /
rLgsf qmflGt / k|ltqmflGtsf cg'ejx?n] Tof] s'/fnfO{ /fd|f];“u k|dfl0ft u/]sf
5g\ . rLgsf] dxfg\ ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] cg'ej o; ;Gbe{df ;jf{lws
dxTjk"0f{ cg'ej xf] . s;/L Pp6f pkGof;sf] P]ltxfl;s kfqn,] Pp6f
gf6ssf] d~rgn], Pp6f syf, sljtf jf ;ª\uLtsf]
emGsf/n] l;+uf] qmflGt jf k|ltqmflGtsf] k|ltlglwTj ug{ ;Sbf] /x]5 eGg]
s'/f rLlgof ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] k[i7e"ldn] b]vfPsf] 5 . @!cf}+
ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;sf] k|:tfjn] hg;d'bfodf cGtlg{lxt c;Lldt phf{o'Qm l;h{g
IfdtfnfO{ :j:y k|ltZkwf{;lxt phfu/ ug{ rfxG5 . o;f] ug'{sf] cy{ ljiffn'
emf/kftnfO{ ;d]t df}nfpg lbg' eg] sbflk xf]Og . a? hgjfbsf] of] ljlwåf/f
ljiffn' emf/kftnfO{ hg;d'bfon] ;lhn} pv]Ng / 89fpg ;Sg] l:yltsf] lgdf{0f ug'{
xf]Æ-cGtjf{tf{ snd–##÷#$_ . oL egfOx?af6 s] k|i6 x'G5 eg] k|r08kyn]
n]vs–snfsf/x?sf] cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] k|Zgsf ;fy} hgtfsf] hgjfbnfO{ csf]{ gof“
p“rfO k|bfg u/]sf] 5 / hgjfbsf] pRrtd cEof;sf aLraf6 hgtfdf lglxt l;h{gzLntfsf]
cgGt phf{nfO{ lgaf{w ?kdf pb\3fl6t ug{, ;a} vfn] ljiffn' emf/kftx?nfO{ pv]n]/
kmfNg / ;j{xf/f clwgfosTjnfO{ cem} ;'b[9 t'Nofpgsf nflu j}rfl/s dfu{bz{g u/]sf]
5 .
qmflGt / ;f}Gbo{af]w
;f}Gbo{zf:qdf
dfgjLo cg'e"ltx?sf] cWoog ul/G5 . k|r08kysf] ;f}Gbo{zf:qn] hgtfsf
cg'e"ltx?sf] cWoog ub{5 . s=k|r08 eGg'x'G5–ædxfg\ hgo'4sf qmddf
cleJoQm hg;d'bfosf OR5f, cfsfª\Iff, xif{–ljidt\, xf“;f]–cf“;', cfqmf]z–kL8f
h:tf tLj|td cg'e"ltdf g} hgo'4sf] ;f}Gbo{af]w / To;}nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ o;sf]
;+Zn]if0f / d"tL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5Æ-;Daf]eg–pQm_ . k|r08kysf]
;f}Gbo{zf:q j:t'tM hgo'4sf] ;f}Gbo{zf:q xf] / of] ju{o'4df ;+nUg hg;d'bfosf
OR5f, cfsfª\Iff, xf“;f]–cf“;', cfqmf]z–kL8f h:tf tLj|td cg'e"ltx?sf]
;f}Gbo{af]wdf cfwfl/t 5 .
s=k|r08n]
ju{;dfhdf ;f}Gbo{ lrGtgsf] rl/q juL{o x'g] s'/f atfp“g' ePsf] 5 . jxf“
eGg'x'G5–æ;f}Gbo{zf:qsf ljlzi6 d"Nosf gfddf ju{;ª\3if{sf] lj1fgaf6 To;nfO{
cnUofpg vf]Hg] lrGtgn] j:t'tM ;f}Gbo{zf:qs} jf:tljs d"Nosf] cjd"Nog
dfq ub{5Æ-cGtjf{tf snd–@%÷@^_ . s=k|r08 ;f}Gbo{ lrGtgnfO{
ju{;ª\3if{af6 s6fpg] ;f}Gbo{zf:qLo ljz'4tfjfbsf] k|jn lj/f]wL x'g'x'G5 .
s=k|r08n]
;f}Gbo{ lrGtgsf] If]qdf …pbfQÚsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ kl/dflh{t / ;d[4 t'Nofpg' ePsf]
5, jxf“sf ljleGg /rgfx?df hgo'4sf] df}lnstf, ljlzi6tf, eJotf, hg;d'bfosf Tofu,
jL/tf / jlnbfgsf pTs[i6 sLlt{dfg, dxfg\ ;Defjgf / eLif0f r'gf}tL h:tf
;f}Gbo{zf:qLo dxTjsf kbfjnLx? kfOG5g\ . o;}u/L pbfQsf] ljk/Lt cjwf/0ff gLr
xf] . jxf“n] of] k|lqmofdf hglj/f]wL, /fi6«3ftL / hgxTof/f cfttfoLx?nfO{
gLr, t'R5 / lgs[i6 vngfossf ?kdf k]z ug'{ ePsf] 5 . s=k|r08sf oL ljrf/x?n]
…pbfQÚ ;DaGwL cjwf/0ffsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{5g\ .
cWoIf s=k|r08n] gof“ g]kfnsf] ;f}Gbo{
ljDanfO{ lgs} cf]hk"0f{ / cfNxfbdo ?kdf k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] 5 . jxf“
eGg'x'G5–æjuL{o, hftLo, If]qLo, / ln¨Lo zf]if0f–pTkL8g / e]befjaf6 d'Qm
PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] cEof; ul//x]sf] gof“ g]kfn, ljZjqmflGtsf]
cfwf/If]qsf ?kdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] gof“ g]kfn, k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg ;z:q hg;d'bfosf]
;fu/ ag]sf] gof“ g]kfn, blIf0fsf] ;dtn If]qdf h:t} lxdfnsf] km]bLdf ;d]t
k"j{–klZrd /fhdfu{ / aLr–aLrdf lnª\s/f]8åf/f Psl9Ssf ag]sf] gof“ g]kfn,
cfd ljB'tLs/0f / cfTdlge{/ cy{tGqåf/f ;d[4 g]kfn, lgMz'Ns lzIff, :jf:Yo /
;f“:s[lts?kn] ;d'Ggt /¨Lr¨L km"naf/Lsf ?kdf gof“ g]kfn, ;Tod\, lzjd\ /
;'Gb/d\sf lgldQ lg/Gt/ ;ª\3if{/t g]kfnL ;dfh, d}n] sNkgf ug]{ gof“ g]kfn oxL
xf]Æ-;Daf]wg–pQm_ . oxf“ cfjZostfsf] /fHoaf6 :jtGqtfsf] /fHodf 5nf¨
xfGg] dxfg\, eJo, ;fd~h:ok"0f{ / gof“ cfwf/df aGg] gof“ g]kfnsf] ;hLj
;f}Gbo{laDa cª\lst ul/Psf] 5 . o;af6 s] k|i6 x'G5 eg] k|r08kysf]
;f}Gbo{zf:q ;To, lzj / ;'Gb/sf lglDt ;ª\3if{/t hgtfsf] l;h{gfTds :jtGqtf /
d'lQmsf] ;f}Gbo{zf:q xf] .
k|r08kysf] dxTj
;“:s[lt, snf, /
;f}Gbo{ lrGtgsf] If]qdf k|r08kysf] dxTj o; If]qsf gof“ ;d:ofx?sf] klxrfg /
;+Zn]if0f u/L dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbnfO{ csf]{ gof“ p“rfOdf ;d[4Ls/0f ug'{
/ ljsl;t t'Nofpg'df ;lGglxt 5 . ;“:s[lt, snf / ;f}Gbo{ lrGtgsf] If]qdf
dfn]dfsf d"ne"t ljz]iftfx? x'g\– -!_ j}1flgs ;dfhjfb / ;fDojfbsf]
dxfg\ cfbz{ cg'?k hg;d'bfosf] k"0f{ d'lQm / l;h{gfTds pmhf{sf] åf/
pb\3fl6t ug'{, -@_ juL{o zf]if0f tyf pTkL8g;lxt ;a}vfn] pTkL8g / cGofosf lj?4
;fdflhs ;DaGwdf qmflGt ug'{ / j}rfl/s, efjgfTds tyf ;f“:s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf]
k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg', -#_ c;To, clzj tyf s'?ksf] lj/f]w / ;To, lzj tyf
;'Gb/sf] kIfdf lg/Gt/ qmflGt ub}{ hfg', -$_ hgjfb, /fli6«o :jfwLgtf / ;j{xf/f
cGt/{fli6«otfjfbsf j}1flgs d"No dfGotfx?sf] b[9 cjnDag ug'{, -%_ ;flxTo /
snfsf] If]qdf ;dfhjfbL oyfy{jfbsf] dfGotf cg'?k :jtGqtf / k|lta4tf tyf cGtj{:t'
/ ?ksf aLr åGåfTds PsTj sfod ug'{, -^_ hgtfnfO{ Oltxf;sf lgdf{tf dfGb}
ju{;ª\3if{ tyf hgo'4df cleJoQm hgtfsf OR5f, cfsfª\Iff tyf cg'e"lt /
pgLx?n] v]n]sf Tofu, jL/tf / jlnbfgsf pbfQ sLlt{dfgx?sf] cª\sgsf cfwf/df
k|ltlglwd"ns /rgfx?sf] ;[li6 u/L hgtfsf] ;]jf ug'{ / -&_ k|s[lt, dfgj
hLjg / snfdf ljBdfg ;f}Gbo{sf] klxrfg ub}{ ;f}Gbo{sf] lgod cg';f/ gof“ ;+;f/sf]
lgdf{0f ug'{ . k|r08kyn] dfn]dfsf oL dfGotfx?nfO{ b[9tfk"j{s canDag
ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;f/df eGg' kbf{ k|r08ky PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf ;ª\3if{/t ljZj;j{xf/fsf]
P]ltxfl;s ldzg k"/f ug]{ dxfg\ p2]Zodf cfwfl/t /x]sf] 5 .
;“:s[lt, snf /
;f}Gbo{ lrGtgsf] If]qdf ljsl;t k|r08kysf ;}4flGts dfGotfx? dxfg\ hgo'4sf]
cf“wLj]x/Lsf aLraf6 hlGdPsf x'g\ . k|r08kysf] ;f}Gbo{ lrGtgdf xfdLn]
gjLgtf, df}lnstf / cfbz{sf] cgGt p“rfO 5'g vf]Hg] p2ft cfsfª\Iff cleJoQm ePsf]
kfp“5f}+ . k|r08ky ;a} vfn] k|ltlqmofjfb / ;+zf]wgjfbsf lj?4 kl/nlIft
5 . of] ju{;ª\3if{sf] xl/of] wtL{af6 s6]/ pGgt ;“:s[lt / ;f“:s[lts
?kfGt/0fsf] sfNklgs p8fg eg]{ ukmfi6sx?, hgo'4k|ltsf] kIfw/tfsf lj?4 slyt
:jtGqtfsf] /fu cnfKb} ;flxTo / snfdf ;fdGtjfbL kfv08, kmf;LjfbL s'?ktf /
;fd|fHojfbL 8n/sf] b'u{Gw cf]sNg]x? / dxfg\ hgo'4åf/f pb\3fl6t gof“ oyfy{sf]
lj/f]w tyf cjd"Nog ub}{ ;f}Gbo{ lrGtgsf] kmf“6df kfl08To k|bz{g ug{ vf]Hg]
s"kd08"sx?sf lj?4 klg r'gf}tL xf] .
;fd|fHojfb /
;j{xf/f qmflGtsf] jt{dfg PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] o'udf ;“:s[lt, snf / ;f}Gbo{
lrGtgsf] If]qdf ljsl;t k|r08kyn] g]kfnL hg;d'bfosf ;fy} ljZj–;j{xf/fju{sf] ;d]t
;]jf ug]{ ;fdYo{ /fVt5 . o;n] cfhsf hgjfbL tyf k|ultjfbL n]vs, snfsf/ / ;f“:s[lts
sdL{x?nfO{ l;h{gfTds Ifdtfsf] pb\3f6g u/L PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] gof“ cfjZostf
cg'?k hg;]jf ub}{ lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf] lbzfdf cufl8 a9\gsf] nflu j}1flgs lbzflgb]{z
ub{5 . xfdLn] k|r08kysf oL ljrf/x?nfO{ /fd|f];“u a'‰g, nfu' ug{ / cem}
csf]{ gof“ p“rfOdf ;+Zn]if0f ug{ h?/L 5 .
cGtdf, d of] gof“ k'l:tsfsf] e"ldsf n]Vg kfPsf]df
cfk"mnfO{ uf}/jflGjt 7fGb5' / o; k|sf/sf] ;'gf}nf] cj;/ k|bfg ug'{ ePsf]df
>4]o cWoIf s=k|r08k|lt qmflGtsf/L cfef/ JoQm ub{5' .
-dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf s=k|r08sf] xfn} k|sflzt ;“:s[lt,
snf / ;f}Gbo{ lrGtg zLif{ssf] k':tsjf6 ;fef/
_