|
jif{ !#
c+s #), ciff9 * ,
@)^! Year 13, Issue 30,
June 22, 2004 |
cGo ;dfrf/x?
hghfu/0f
cleofg ;DkGg
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ljz]if
s]Gb|Lo sdf08 cGt{ut /x]sf lhNnfx?df ut a}zfv @) ut] b]lv ;~rfng ul/Psf] Ps
dlxg] hghfu/0f cleofg ut h]7 @) ut] ;dfkg ePsf] 5 . ut a}zfv @) ut]
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ tyf hghfu/0f cleofgsf ;+of]hs lrqaxfb'/
>]i7sf] k|d'v cfltYodf xhf/f} hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf hghfu/0fsf] pb3f6g sfo{qmd
;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
sfe|] lhNnfdf hghfu/0f cleofg ut h]7 @) ut] sfe|] lhNnfs}
tfn9'+ufdf xhf/f} hgtfsf] pkl:yltdf Ps ;dfkg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . cleofg ;dfkg ;efsf k|d'v cltly dfcf]jfbLsf sfe|] lhNnf ;ldlt
OGrfh{ s=lIflth x'g'x'GYof] eg] ;efnfO{ ;Djf]wg ub}{ pxf‘n] hghfu/0f cleofgn]
lhNnfnfO{ ;f‘Rr} u0ftGqdo jgfPsf] 5 eGb} d'n's clxn] jf/ ls kf/sf] l:yltdf
/x]sfn] hgo'4sf] ljhonfO{ s;}n] /f]Sg g;Sg] atfpg' eof] . ;efsf cGo
cltlyx?df sfe|] lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v nfnWjh nfdf, du/ft /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf
s]; h]jL cfn] du/, cleofgsf ;+of]hs tyf g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo
sf]iffWoIf t]haxfb'/ ldhf/, clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3-qmflGtsf/L_sf sfe|] lhNnf
cWoIf s0f{v/ uf}td, tfdfª /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o u+ufaxfb'/
tfdfªn] ;Djf]wg ug'{ ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng s a'l4n] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . sfo{qmdf ;efkltTj s=/fdz/0fn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmddf
pkl:yt hg;d'bfonfO{ s=sdnf bf]ª\n] :jfut ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} cg]sf]6
:d[lt ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n] ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd k|:t't u/]sf] s'/f o'4;Djfbbftf
lbkn] hgfPsf 5g\ .
o;}ul/ wflbª÷dsjfgk'/ lhNnfsf] klg wflbªsf] l;/fGrf]s ufh;df Ps
sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/ hghfu/0f cleofgsf] ;dfkg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f]
sfo{qmd wflbª÷dsjfgk'/ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=/d0fsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . To:t} wflbª÷g'jfsf]6 lhNnfdf h]7 @) ut] wflbªsf] ;Tob]jL dfljsf]
k|fª\0fdf hghfu/0f cleofg ;dfkg sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] sfo{qmddf clvn
g]kfn ls;fg ;+3-qmflGtsf/L sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o e/t 9'+ufgfn] k|d'v cltlysf] tkm{af6
dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .
k'Tnf
jd rnfpg]sf] d[To',dfcf]jfbL b'MvL
hgd'lQm
;]gf g]kfn ljz]if a6flnog cGt{ut $ g+ sDkgLsf ;]gfn] sfe|] lhNnfsf]
ag]kf—alb{jf; ;8s v08sf] rf}sL8f“8fdf 1fg]Gb|sf] k'Tnf agfP/ /fv]sf lyP .
k'Tnfdf a'la6\ofk lkm6 u/L /fv]sf] k'Tnf ut h]7 @# ut] rnfp‘bf @ hgf
;j{;fwf/0fsf] d[To' x'g uPsf] 5 . pQm 36gfsf] ;DjGwdf $ g+ sDkgL sdf08/
s=dw'n] Ps lj1lKt hf/L u/L b'ZdgnfO{ nlIft u/L /fv]sf] 6«ofk hgtfn] rnfpbf
ljikmf]6 x'g uO{ b'O{ hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] hgfp‘b} 36gfk|lt b'Mv JoSt ug'{ ePsf]
5 . jQmJodf ljutb]lv g} To:tf ;+sf:kb lrhx?nfO{ grnfpg af/Djf/ hfgsf/L
u/fp‘bf klg 36gf 36g' lj8Djgf ePsf] hgfp‘b} k'gM To:tf a:t' grnfpg cg'/f]w ub}{
rnfPdf 36g ;Sg] ;Defljt 36gfsf] lhDd]jf/L :jod x'g'kg]{5 eGg] s'/f hgfpg'ePsf]
5 .
o;}u/L ljz]if a6flnog cGt{ut % g+ sDkgLsf hgd'lQm
;]gfn] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] e"tk"j{ d]h/ rGb| k/fh'nLsf] x]6f}8fdf
/x]sf] kSsL 3/df h]7 ( ut] jdljikmf]6 u/fPsf 5g . pQm 36gfsf] lhDd]jf/L
lnb}{ % g+ sDkgL sdf08/ s=km"jf{ / lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=;Demgfn] h]7 !! ut]
;+o'Qm k|]z lj1KtL k|sflzt ub}{ lgh d]h/n] dfcf]jfbL lj?4 ;'/fsL u/]sf] sf/0fn]
r]tfjgL :j?k sfjf{xL u/LPsf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .
o;}u/L dhb'\/x?sf] >ddfly zf]if0f ub}{ cfPsf] /
clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf] sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] nIdL nfoG; pBf]udf
ljikmf]6 u/fPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . h]7 @) ut] g'jfsf]6 lhNnfsf] sf]nf]gLl:yt
dT:o ljsf; s]Gb|df jd lj:kmf]6 u/fpbf ! s/f]8 a/fj/sf] Iflt ePsf] 5 . ;f]
ejgaf6 dxTjk"0f{ ;fdfu|L ;d]t a/fdt u/]sf] ! g+ sDkgL sfof{nosf hgd'lQm
;]gfn] xfd|f o'4;DjfbbftfnfO{ hgfPsf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLåf/f
zxLb 3f]if0ff
g]=s=kf-dfcf]jfbL_
g'jfsf]6÷/;'jf÷l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=lIfGt'n] ut h]7 @) ut] Ps lj1lKt
hf/L u/L lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf tfdfª /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+
lhNnf cWoIf /fdz/0f tfdfª -s cl8s_, ^ g+ Pl/of ;b:o Pj+ hgldlnl;of sdf08/
s=/fd, s[i0f e08f/L -s=/f]rs_ / k"j{ sdf08df sfo{/t sDkgL ;xfos sdf08/ s=l;Gw'nfO{
zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] lu/km\tf/ u/L r/d oftgf kl5 xTof u/]sf] hgfpg' ePsf]
5 .
pxf‘n] lj1lKt DFFkm{t pQm xTofsf] 3f]/ eT;{gf ub}{ pxf“x?nfO{
dxfg\ zxLb 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxf“x?n] b'Zdgsf ;fd' kf6L{ uf]klgotf
gvf]n]s} sf/0f pxf“x?sf] jLeT; 9+un] xTof u/]sf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . ;fy}
zxLb kl/jf/k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub}{ xTofsf] jbnf lnP/} 5f8\g] k|ltj4tf
JpQm ug'{ ePsf] 5 . pxf“x?sf] xTofsf] lj/f]w :j?k h]7 @^ / @& df
ul/Psf] lhNnf aGb k"0f{ ;kmn ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . h]7 #) ut]b]lv c;f/ %
ut];Dd pxf“x?sf] :d[ltdf lhNnfe/ >bf~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
du/ft
d'lQm df]rf{sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng
sfe|]÷aiff}{b]lv
juL{o tyf hftLo bf]xf]/f] zf]if0faf6 zflzt x'gk'u]sf du/ ;d'bfox? hf] hgo'4 ;'?
ePotf cu|efudf pleP/ o'4d}bfgdf h'l6/x]sf 5g\ . hgo'4sf] t'kmfgL s]Gb|
?s'd /f]Nkfdf /x]sf du/x? dfq x}g sf7df8f}+ lhNnf j/k/sf du/x?n] klg cj juL{o
d'lQm ljgf hftLo d'lQm c;Dej /x]sf] 7x/ u/]sf 5g .
oxL h]7 !* ut] sfe|] lhNnfdf /x]sf] du/x?sf] Ps 3gfj:tLdf ;DkGg
ePsf] du/ft /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ sfe|] lhNnf ;ldltsf] k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] ToxL
s'/fsf] ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 . /ftfem08f t'n, Jofg/, dxfg g]tfx?sf] sf]6]zgn]
d~r emlsemsfp dfq lyPg 7f“p7f“pdf agfOPsf :jfut 4f/ clg kmx/fO/x]sf xl;of
xyf}8f c+lst /ftf] e08fn] pQm Onfsf d'St ePsf] cfef; x'GYof] . jiff{ofdsf]
Jo:ttf tyf em/Lsf afjh'b klg pkl:yt ePsf xhf/f} du/ ;d'bfox?sf] pT;flxt /
ljb|f]xL d'xf/n] t ;f‘Rr} ca sfe|] lhNnfsf du/ hflt klg ljb|f]xdf pqg nfu]sf]
;+s]t ldNbYof] . cfkm\gf] efiff / ;+:s[lt emNsg] afhfufhf;lxt sfo{qmddf
pkl:yt hg;d'bfosf aLrdf Jofks a[4a[4f ;fy} s]6fs]6Lx?sf] klg pkl:ylt
lyof] . sfo{qmddf :yfgLo hgtfn] cltlyx?nfO{ km"ndfnf / clj/n] :jfut
u/]sf] b[ion] sfo{qmdsf] af:tljs lhjGttf emlNsPsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf cg]sf]6 ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] :jfut
u/]sf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngsf k|d'v cltly du/ft /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o h]jL cfn]du/n] ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf]
;efkltTj emnsaxfb'/ /fgfdu/n] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] ;~rfng ?sdl0f /fgf du/n]
ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . zxLbx?sf] ;Demgfdf Ps ldg]6 df}gwf/0f u/L cufl8 a9]sf]
sfo{qmddf zlxbx?sf] kmf]6f]df dfNofk{0fsf ;fy} zxLb kl/jf/nfO{ clegGbg ul/Psf]
lyof] . snfsf/x?n] du/ efiffdf uLt k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
;Dd]ngnfO{ z'esfdgf lbb} sfe|] lhNnf hg ;/sf/sf k|d'v nfnWjhn]
eGg'eof] …oltj]nf hghfltx?n] rfx]sf] cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ ;lxtsf] :jfoQ ;Qf
xf]], Tof] dfu ;+3if{jf6 k|fKt x'g]5 .Ú To;}u/L tfdfª /fli6«o d'lQm
df]rf{sf dxf;lrj bfjf tfdfªn] ;Dk"0f{ pTkLl8t hfltx?sf] Psdfq d'lQmsf]
af6f] juL{o o'4 ePsf] atfpg'eof] . k|d'v cltly h]jL cfn]du/n] juL{o
cfGbf]ng;+u hftLo cfGbf]ngnfO{ hf]8]/ nfg] dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kynfO{ cfkm\gf]
a}rfl/s xltof/ agfpg hf]8 lbb} df]rf{sf ;Nnfxsf/ ;'/]z cfn]du/sf] l/xfOsf] nflu
;a}lt/af6 kxn ug]{ sfo{qmd s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] to u/]sf] s'/f jtfpg' eof] .
;Dd]ngdf ljz]if a6flnog cGt{ut /x]sf] k"jL{ l/hgn sdf08sf sdf08/ s=;ljg,
g]=s=kf-dfcf]jfbL_sfe|] lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=dx]z, g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ s]Gb|Lo
sf]iffWoIf t]haxfb'/ ldhf/, cg]d;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o kfj{tL yfkf du/,
cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_sf sfe|] lhNnf cWoIf a'l4 nfdfn] klg ;Dd]ngsf]
;kmntfsf] nflu z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] . !( ut] ;DkGg jGb ;qn] ?sdl0f
/fgf du/sf] cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo lhNnf ;ldltsf] rog u/]sf] 5 . aGb ;qdf
k|d'v cltly h]lj cfn]du/ nufot cGo cltlyx?n] k|lzIf0ffTds dGtJo /fVg' ePsf]
lyof] . ;+lutf
v8\sf
;nf{xLdf
eL8Gt,zfxL ;]gfsf] em'¶f k|rf/
ut h]7 !( ut] ;nf{xLsf] sfnLGrf}/ ufh;df
zfxL ;]gf / hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] !%cf} a6flnog cGt{ut /x]sf] ;L sDkgLsf] Ps 6's8L,
snfsf/, hgldlnl;of / hgtfsf] ;xeflutfdf @) ldg]6;Dd eL8Gt ePsf] lyof] . eL8Gtsf qmddf zfxL ;]gftkm{ # hgf /
hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{ b'O{ hgf 3fOt] ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . ;f] eL8GtnfO{ k'/fgf]
;Qfsf] dftxtdf /x]sf ;~rf/ dfWodn] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] tflnd s]Gb| sAhf ug{ ;kmn
ePsf] eGg] k|rf/ u/]sf]df ;L sDkgL sld;f/n] cfklQ k|s6 ub}{ pQm :yfg tflnd
s]Gb| geO{ ;]N6/ ePsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . pQm :yfgaf6 ;f“:s[lts 6f]nLsf afWojfwgsf
;fdfu|L ;lxt @) xhf/ gub zfxL ;]gfn] n'6]/ nu]sf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .
zfxL;]gfn] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ cft+lst kfg'{sf] ;fy} sDkgL ;b:o s=l;dfnfO{ lu/Îtf/ ul/ j]kQf kf/]sf] s'/f o'4;Djfbbftf
s=cfb]zn] hgfPsf 5g\ .
ljjfx:yfgdf g} df]rf{sf s]lGb|o ;b:osf] xTofsf]
k|of;
ut cfiff9 $ ut] ;Kt/L lhNnfsf]
sNof0fk'/df cfof]lht hgjfbL ljjfxdf ;DkGg x'g nfUbf cd]l/sL zfxL;]gfn] ;Kt/L
lhNnf hg;/sf/sf sf]iffWoIf s= /d]z /fd -s= /d]z_ n] zxfbt k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . pQm
hgjfbL ljjfx blnt hghflt a'l4hLlj kl/ifb\sf s]lGb|o pkfWoIf /f;nfn /fdsf 5f]/L
clgtf /fd / /fhf/fd /fd ljr ;DkGg eO{/x]sf] lyof] . xTof/f] zfxL ;]gfn]
;'/fsLsf] dfWodaf6 blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf] a}slNks s]lGb|o ;b:o tyf pQm ljjfxsf
k|d'v cltly s= ;fu/nfO{ xTof ug]{ of]hgfsf l;len 8«];df cfPsf ;]gfn] ljjfx :yfgdf
g} uf]ln xfg]sf lyP . df]rf{sf ;b:onfO{ tfsL uf]nL k|xf/ ubf{ pxf+ pDsg ;kmn
x'g' eof] eg], s= /d]znfO{ 36gf:yndf g} uf]nL k|xf/ u/]sf lyP . ;fy} ;'/fsL s}
e/df s= ;fu/ ;+u ePsf dxTjk"0f{ sfuhkq ;]gfn] hkmt ul/ nu]sf] ;dfrf/ k|fKt
ePsf] 5 .
l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf
lzIfsx?sf] e]nf ;DkGg
ut
h]7 !& ut] clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7g l;Gw'kfNrf]s @ g+ Pl/ofsf] cfof]hgfdf
Pl/ofsf ;Dk'0f{ lzIfsx?sf] e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . e]nfsf k|d'v cltly Pj+
;+u7gsf lhNnf ;+of]hs s=czf]sn] k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0fdf lzIfsx?sf] e'ldsf / hgjfbL
lzIff k|0ffnLsf] af/]df k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . o:t} lhNnf hg;/sf/
pkk|d'v g]qk|;fb b+ufn, cltly s=dx]z / s[i0fk|;fb rf}nfufO{n] e]nfnfO{ ;Djf]wg
ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL lhNnfsf] Ps g+ Pl/ofdf klg h]7 @) ut] lzIfsx?sf] e]nf tyf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]
xfd|f o'4 ;Djfbbftf pHjnn] hgfPsf 5g . o;}u/L @! h]7 cflvn g]kfn lzIfs
;+u7g g'jfsf]6÷/;'jf÷l;Gw'kfNrf]s lhNnf ;ldltsf] @ g+ ufh;df jt{dfg /fhg}lts
lgsf;, uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg ljifos Ps
cGt{lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly clvn g]kfn lzIfs
;+u7g g'jfsf]6÷/;'jf÷ l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf ;+of]hs /fhg >]i7 x'g'x'GYof] .
sfo{qmddf *! hgf lzIfs / :yflgo a'l4hLjL, ljBfyL{x?sf] pkl:ylt ePsf] o'4
;Djfbbftf lj1fgn] hgfPsf 5g\ .
sfh'
hgjfbL ljBfnosf] :yfkgfMcgfy afn aflnsfx?sf] ;+/If0f z'?
h'Dnf
-vNnfuf8_÷ æcfh eGbf sl/a $ aif{ cufl8sf] s'/f xf] . d]/f] a'jf 5fkfdf/
sdf08/ x'g'x'GYof] . /f/flnxLsf] rf}sL hg;]gfn] sAhf u/] . xfd|f] a'jfsf]
ToxL+ ;xfbt eof] . d $ aif{sf] lyP“ . Tolt ofb lyPg t/ ;a} 36gf
;DemG5' . d]/L cfdf ?g' klg ePg, v';L klg x'‘g'x'b}g lyof] .
7"nf] sfo{qmddf a'jfsf] kmf]6f]df clj/ nufP . cfdfnfO{ af]nfP /
cfdfnfO{ dfnf l6sf nufpg nufP . t/, dnfO{ Tolta]nf hfgsf/L lyPg .
lj:tf/} 7"nf] x‘'b} uP . j}/Lx?k|lt 3[0ff ylkb} uof] .Æ of]
egfO{ s=uh]Gb|sf] xf] . pgL * aif{sf 5g\ / sfh' hgjfbL ljBfnosf ljBfyL{
x'g\ . pgsf] yk egfO{ 5– æa'jfsf] /utsf] abnf t lnP/} 5f8\g] 5' . d
7"nf] ePkl5 hgd'lQm ;]gfdf etL{ x'g] ljrf/ 5 .Æ o:t}u/L ;f] ljBfnodf
!# hgf 5fq 5fqfx? cWoog u5{g . lzIfs lzlIfsfx? s=k|Hhjn / k|ltef
x'g'x'G5 .
ljBfyL{x?sf]
cj:yfM
s=lgdf{0f eg]/ lrgLg] v'Ot]
kl/of/ ( aif{sf eP . pgL k9\g z'? u/]sf] * dlxgf eof] . pgL ghGdb}
pgsf] a'jf ljb]l;g' ePsf] lyof] . cfdf klg kf]On uO{g . l5d]sLsf]
3/df x'ls{b} / s}og b'Mv si6 v]Kb} cfPsf s= lgdf{0f d'lQmsf] vf]hLdf hgo'4sf]
af6f] nfUg] b[9 c7f]6 u/] . pgnfO{ h'Dnf± sflnsf]6sf ;]qm]6/L s=lj/Wjhn]
sfh' hgjfbL ljBfnodf etL{ u/]sf lyP . To:t}u/L ljb|f]x l;tn x'g'x'G5–pgLx?sf]
p2]Zo x/]s of]hgfx? sfof{Gjog ug'{ xf] . s}nf;sf] pd]/ klg & aif{sf]
eof] . cfdf, afaf / lbbL qmflGtdf nflu;s]kl5 cfkm' c;xf/f ePsf] / lhNnf
kf6L{n] cfkm"nfO{ :s'ndf etL{ u/]sf] pgn] atfP . To:t} ljg;f klg
kmf]O{dxfb]jsf] df=lj= df gk9]/ lsg otf cfof} eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/df 3/df d'df dfq}
ePsf], sfkL snd lsGg klg g;lsg] l:ylt ePkl5 kf6L{sf] ;Dks{af6 cfPsf]
atfp“l5g . To;}u/L b;nfsL uLtf / kmf]O{dxfb]jsf ;f]g' xdfnsf] klg /fo o:t}
5 . ;a} ljBfyL{sf] egfO{ 5– cfkm"x?nfO{ ljBfnoaf6 lzIff klg ldn]sf] /
;+/If0f klg ePsf] 5 .
ljBfnosf]
cj:yfM )^) c;f]h @* ut] h'Dnfsf]6 ljBfno k|fË0fdf PsLs[t
hgk|lt/f]w cleofgsf 6f]nL k|d'v tyf h'Dnf±sflnsf]6sf OGrfh{ s=kf/;d0fLn]
pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . Tolta]nfsf] ;donfO{ :d/0f ub}{ lzIfs s=k|Hhjn
atfp“5g\–æd nufot # hgf ljBfyL{nfO{ d~rdf pEofpb} s= kf/;d0fLn] eGg'ePsf] lyof]
ls of] ljBfno, lzIfs / ljBfyL{ b]Vbf s}ognfO{ xf“;f] nfUg ;S5, hgo'4 z'? x'“bf
klg 3“uf?sf] n¶L b]Vbf s}ognfO{ xf“;f] p7]sf] lyof] t/ of] 5f]6} ;dodf hgo'4n]
gof“ …lnkÚ df¥of] . ljsf;sf] ult ;/naf6 hl6nlt/ x'G5, t;y{ of] ljBfno klg
e]s If]qe/Lsf] gd"gfof]Uo aGg]5 . Tolta]nf dnfO{ klg ljZjf; lyPg,
ljBfno olt Jojl:yt x'G5, eGg]df . t/ 5f]6f] ;dodf hg;d'bfosf] dg lhTg ;kmn
eof]+, cgfy afnaflnsfsf] ;+/If0f ePsf] 5 .Æ cfjZos kf7\ok':ts tof/
gkfl/Psf eP klg efOalxgLx?n] a'em\g]
u/L b[li6sf]0f, Oltxf;, k|ultzLn syf / pkGof;x?, dfS;{, P+u]N;, n]lgg, :6flng,
dfcf] / k|r08sf hLjgLx? k9fO{ x'G5g\ . ;fy} c+u|]hL / lx;fa klg
l;sfOG5 . k|ultzLn z}lIfs Sofn]08/ cg';f/ ljBfno v'Nnf / aGb ul/G5 .
ljBfyL{x?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ nQf sk8f, sfkL lstfax?, vfgf cflb ljBfnon] g}
a]xf]l/G5 .
k9\g]
k9fpg] sfO{bfM æsDo'lgi6 …sÚ, va/bf/L
…vÚ, u0ftGq …uÚ, 3/ rflxof] …3Ú, ª¥ofªª'?ª …ªÚ, rSs/w'd …rÚ, 5qe+u …5Ú To:t}u/L
qmlds …1Ú ;Dd k9fOG5 . ljxfg a]n'sL lbp;f] ;do tflnsf cg';f/ n]vk9 ug]{
ul/G5 . k9\g n]Vg afx]s cGo cltl/Qm lqmofsnfkx? ul/G5 . ljleGg v]ns'b
klg v]lnG5 . elnjn, Sof/]djf]8{, r]; cflb v]lnG5 . ljxfg (M$% ah] / a]n'sf &M)) ah] vfgf
vfg] ;do xf] . vfgf s=;fdgfn] tof/ kfg'{x'G5 . pxf“sf] egfO{ 5–
…eljiosf km"nsf au}+rf x'g\ . lo km"nsf au}rfx?nfO{ ;+/If0f ug{
kfpbf v';L nfu]sf] 5 .Ú k|To]s lbgsf] ! 306f >d ug]{ ul/G5 . h;df
s/];fjf/Lsf] lgdf{0f ug]{, ;fu nufpg] ul/G5 . lzIffnfO{ >d;“u hf]8]/
nUg] lzIfs k|Hhjnsf] /fo 5 . ljxfg ljBfno z'? x'g' k"j{ zf/Ll/s
Jofofd ul/;s]kl5 æp7 hfu x] ef]sf gfËf, hfu ;+;f/sf b'MvLÆ eg]/ uLt
ufOG5 . cGt/f{li6«o uLt;+u} sIff z'?jft\ x'G5 . sIffdf s]jn k9fpg]
p2]Zo geP/ ljb|f]xsf sdf08/x? hGdfpg] p2]Zo /x]sf] lzIfs s=k|hhjn atfpg'
x'G5 . pgsf] yk egfO{ 5 kf6L{n] oxL lhDdf lbP/ k7fPsf] klg 5 . Æ
k'/fgf]
/ gof“ lzIffdf leGgtfM lzIff
dflg;sf] ;fdflhs hLjgdf ckl/xfo{ x'G5 . lzIff lng] / lbg] k|s[of klg
juL{{o kIfdf x'g]/x]5 eGg] wf/0ff s=k|Hhjnsf] /x]sf] 5 . pxf“sf] egfO{
5–æd k'/fgf] lzIffsf] lzIfs klg x'“ . Tolta]nfsf] lzIff j'h'{jf,
JolQmjfbL, cg'Tkfbg, ;dflhs Jojxf/af6 s6]sf], lghL :jfy{df tNnLg /x]sf] lyof]
eg] jt{dfg hgjfbL lzIffsf] klg lzIfs x'g] ;f}efUo kfPsf] 5' . olta]nfsf]
lzIff qmflGtsf] ;]jf, hgtfsf] ;]jf ug]{, >dk|lt plrt ;Ddfg ug]{ /x]sf]
5 .Æ hgjfbL lzIff k|0ffnLsf] k"jf{Eof; klg ePsf] / ;fgf ;fgf
efOalxgLx? eljZosf s0f{wf/ ePsf] x'bf k9fO{sf] ;fy;fy} /fhg}lts r]tgf :t/
p7\of] eg] ef]ln cGofo / cTofrf/sf] lj?4 n8\g ;Sg]5g\ eGg] s= k|Hhjnsf] ljZjf;
5 .
ljBfno
/ ljBfyL{x?M lzlIfsf s=k|ltefsf] egfO{
5–æafnaflnsf sf“rf df6f x'g\ . p2]Zo Psdfq /x]sf] 5, ef]lnsf lbgdf
cfkm\gf] v'§fdf cfkm} plepg\ .Æ ljBfyL{x? klg qmflGtsf/L cg';f;ga4
5g\ . ;a}sf lgnf kfO{06 / /ftf ;6{x? 5g\ . uf]8fkmf6, ;ts{sf] sf;gdf
ljBfyL{n] lk6L v]n]sf] cToGt} /fd|f] x'G5 . /dfO{nf] jftfj/0fdf k9fO{
n]vfO{ sfo{ x'G5 . o; ljBfnon] k'/fgf] lzIffsf] ljBfnox? / af]l8{Ëx?nfO{
7f8} r'gf}tL lbPsf] hg;d'bfox? atfp“5g\ . –b'uf{k|;fb sfkm\n]
clwsf/sf nflu x8\tfn
;'v]{t÷ pTkLl8t blnt hflt dfly ul/g] cGofo, cTofrf/ cem}+
klg r/d r'nLdf ePsf]df g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ To;lj?4 ;+3if{df lg/Gt/
lel8/x]sf] 5 . ut r}qdf ;'v]{t /flgjf;– ^ sf sfnf] ufOg]sf] d[To' ePkl5
slyt pRr egfpbf IF]qL 7s'/L sfnf] ufO{gsf] dnfdL aGg ;s]gg\ . lj8Djgf
sfnf] ufO{gsf] h:t} Pp6f dfq 3/ To;kl5 sfdL bdfO{n] klg cGt/ hftLo 5'jf5'tnfO{
wSsf lb+b} dnfdL ag] .
sfnf]
ufO{gsf] d'2fnfO{ lnP/ /flgjf;jf;L sfdL, bdfO{ / ;'gf/n] x8\tfn -Ps dlxg]_
cfof]hgf u/] . ;f] x8\tfndf lgDg k|sf/sf dfux? /fv]sf lyP . ^ a'b]
dfu kqdf !_ ;a}sf] dnfdL ljgf e]befj hfg'kg]{, @_ ;fj{glhs :yndf 5'jf5't
k"0f{ cGTo ul/g' kg]{, #_ ljjxfdf ef“8f dfem\g] k|rngsf] cGTo ul/g' kg]{,
$_ aGr/f] k|yfsf] cGTo ul/g' kg]{, %_ k]zfut ag]sf] vnf] k|yfsf] cGTo u/L slyt
>d Hofnfsf] Joj:yf ug]{ 5 . ;Dk"0f{ pRr dfgLg]x?nfO{ hbf} ug]{
k/Dk/fsf] cGTo ul/g' kg]{ /x]sf lyP .
ut r}q
dlxgf e/L x8\tfn ePkl5 g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ lhNnf ;ldlt / slyt pRr dflgg]
IF]qLx?;+u jftf{ ut a}zfvdf ;DkGg eof] . ;f] jftf{n] ^ j6f a'“bfdf IF]qL
;d'bfon] ca cfO{Gbf blnt ;d'bfo dfyL ckx]ngfsf s'g}klg sfo{ gug]{ jrga4tf
u/]sf] g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ ;'v]{tsf cWoIf ;+lhj lj=s=n] atfpg' eof] .
/flgjf;sf
blntx?sf] Ps dlxg] x8\tfnn] w]/} dxTjk"0f{ lzIffx? lbPsf] blnt ;d'bfos}
/fo 5 . ;+3if{ gu/L clwsf/ gkfO{g] s'/fsf] Aojxf/Ls k'i6L ag]sf] 5–
/flgjf; blnt x8\tfn .
…;fdGtsf] hUuf sAhf clGtd ljb|f]xsf] l/cN;n xf]Ú
k|zfGt l;DtfnL
;'v]{t÷ yf?jfg k|fb]lzs hg;/sf/ k|d'v /fdr/0f rf}w/Ln]
g]kfndf /fhg}lts lgsfz /fhtGqsf] gi6 ljgf gx'g] s'/f atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
/]l8of]
hgjfbL u0ftGq g]kfn Pkm=Pd= k|zf/0f ;]jf e]/L–s0ff{nL;+u s'/f ub}{ ;a} hflt
hghflt cGo 7fp“x?df klg /fhtGqn] bdg ub}{ cfO/x]sf] x'“bf l5§} ;a} nfu]/
g]kfndf /fhtGq gkmfn]g g t hftLo g t juL{o d'lQm g} ;Dej 5 pxf“n]
eGg'eof] .
yf?jfg
k|b]z leq Pg=lh=cf]=÷cfO{=Pg=lh=cf]= kl;/x]sf] avt ltgLx? k|lt ;/sf/sf] a'emfO{
af/] /flvPsf] k|Zgdf pxfn] eGg'eof]– ælo ;+:yfx? ;dfhnfO{ h'6fpg xf]Og km'6fpg
cfPsf x'g\ . cfly{s / ljljw k|nf]eg b]vfO{ yf? hg;d'bfonfO{ ef“hf] xfNg]
unt lgotsf ;fy cfPsf] x'“bf lolgx?nO{ l5§} v]b\g nfluk/]sf xf}+ .
ædfcf]jfbLn] t /fHo 6'qm\ofpg vf]h] k|fb]lzs hg;/sf/ u7g u/]/ eg]/ ;/sf/n]
af]n]sf] af]nL k|lt pxf“n] eGg'eof]– æof] ;Qf yf? hfltn] @ ;o aif{ klxn] /fhf
k[lYj gf/fo0f zfxsf] kfnfb]lv u'dfPsf lyP . clxn] k|fKt u/]sf x'g\ .
yf? hfltn] cfkm\gf] ;Qf k|fKt u/]kl5 km'6sf] gfdaf6 cfkm\gf] :jfy{ n'6\gsf nflu
/fHo 6'qm\ofpg vf]h] eg]/ s]xL yl/sf dfG5]n] eg]sf x'g\ . slxNo} klg
u'dfPsf] clwsf/ km]/L vf];]/ k|of]u ubf{ Tof] km'6 x'g ;Qm}g .
yf?
;d'bfosf] 7'nf] ;d:of sd}of k|yfaf/] k|fb]lzs hg;/sf/sf] s]xL 7f]; gLlt 5 egL
;f]lwPsf] k|Zgdf pxf“n] eGg' eof]– ;j{k|yd juL{o cfGbf]ng ;+u;+u} hf]8]/ n}hfg]
/ ;f;s ju{sf 3/ hUuf ;DklQ yf? hg;d'bfonfO{ ljt/0f ug'{ k5{ .
clGtd
ljb|f]xsf] l/cN;n klg k|ToIf yf? hgtfn] lbp;} ;fdGtsf 3/ hUuf sAhf / ;jf]6]h
u/]/ ul//x]sf 5g\ .
kqsfl/tf k|lzIf0f ;DkGg
k|zfGt æl;DtfnLÆ
hfh/sf]6÷ e]l/–s0ff{nL IF]qLo hg;+rf/ ljefusf]
cfof]hgfdf ut a};fv @^ b]lv h]i7 # ut] ;Dd hfh/sf]6sf] ;'jfgfpnLdf
cfwf/e"t kqsfl/tf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
IF]qLo
hg;+rf/ ljefusf k|d'v tyf al/i7 kqsf/ g/]Gb|h+u lk6/sf] ;efkltTj / /]l8of]
hgjfbL u0ftGq g]kfn Pkm Pd= k|zf/0f ;]jf e]/L–s0ff{nL IF]qsf OGrfh{, cljgfzsf]
;+rfngdf ;DkGg pQm * lbg] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly,
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_If]qLo Ao'/f] ;lrjfno ;b:o tyf hfh/f]6 lhNnf OGrfh{
s=kf/zd0fL x'g'x'GYof] .
d'Vo
ul/sg ljB'tLo kqsfl/tfsf] ljifodf s]Gb|Lt /x]/ ;DkGg pQm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf
k|lzIf0f e]/L–s0ff{nLsf lhNnfsf b}n]v afx]s ;a} 7fp“af6 k|lzIffyL{x? pkl:yt
ePsf lyP .
s[ofTds
sIffnfO{ ljz]if hf]8sf ;fy cl3 a9]sf] pQm k|lzIf0f xndf æhg;+rf/sf] dxTj,
;dfrf/, ;Dkfbs / ;DkfbsLo cfbL ljifodf k|lzIfs g/]Gb|h+u kL6/n]
k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] eg], æcGt/jftf{ s;/L lng], s8f
;dfrf/ / g/d ;dfrf/ s;/L n]Vg]Æ cfbL ljifo af/] k|lzIfs cljgfzn] k|lzIf0f lbg'
ePsf] lyof] .
hg;+rf/nfO{
r':t kfg]{, /]l8of];+usf] sf]l8{g]zg Ps csf{df eO/fvf];, eGg] d'Vo p2]Zosf ;fy
To;} xnaf6 æcljgfzsf] cWoIftfdf If]qLo sf]l8{g]zg sld6L ag]sf] 5 . la|u]8,
;'v]{t / b}n]vaf6 kl5 yKg] u/L ;a} lhNnfsf] k|ltlglwTj /x]sf] If]qLo sf]l8{g]zg
sld6L !% hgfsf] /x]sf] 5 .
e]/L–s0ff{nL
If]qnfO{ # sdfgdf af“8L To;} xnaf6 af“s], alb{of, ;'v]{t, k|zfGt l;DtfnL,
b}n]v, df]8]n, 8f]Nkf, hfh/sf]6 ljj]rg /fgf, x'DNff, d'u', h'Dnf :jl0f{d ljxfgL
/xg] u/L # hgf hgfb]z, /]l8of] / cGo kq–klqsfsf] l;w} sf]l8{g]zgdf ;xhtf Nofpg
lkmN8 js{/ rog u/L sfo{If]q ljefhg u/]sf] 5 .
sfo{qmdsf]
clGtd lbg æ;To h'gLÆ gfds dfl;s klqsfsf] nflu 8ld ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] lyof] .
k"0f{axfb'/ l;+x ;Dkfbs /x]sf] pQm klqsf dfl;s ?kdf hfh/sf]6af6 k|sflzt
x'g]5 .
sflnsf]6 lhNnf hg;/sf/sf] k|yd a}7sn] u/]sf lg0f{ox?
;]tL–dxfsfnL :jfoQ hgkl/ifb cGt/ut lhNnf hg;/sf/ ;ldlt
sfnLsf]6sf] k|yd a}7s hg;/sf/ k|d'v gjLgs'df/ lj=s=sf] cWoIftfdf a:of] .
lhNnfsf] d'G8f ufp“df ;DkGg pQm a}7sdf ;]=d= :jfoQ k|fb]lzs ;/sf/sf ;b:o tyf
sfnLsf]6 lhNnf hgk|zf;g ljefusf k|d'v uf]kfnrGb nufot g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sfnLsf]6
lhNnfsf cfdlGqt ;b:ox?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . a}7sn] jt{dfg kl/l:ylt,
hg;Qfn] u/]sf] pknAwL / ;d:ofx?dfly Jofks 5nkmn / ax;åf/f dxTjk"0f{ /
;fGbf/ lg0f{o lnPsf] 5 . pQm a}7sn] lnPsf lg0f{ox?af/] ;+If]kdf oxf“ pNn]v
ul/Psf] 5 .
a}7ssf] k|f/Dedf
g]kfnL ;j{xf/f ju{sf] /fHo;QF k|flKtsf] dxfg\ cleofg hgo'4nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg]
qmddf zxfbt k|fKt ug'{x'g] ;Dk"0f{ ;lxbx? k|lt ! ldg]6 efjk"0f{
>4f~hnL ck{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . To;kl5 a}7sdf pkl:yt ;ldltsf ;a} ;b:ox?n]
hg;Qfn] u/]sf] k|utL, ;d:of / ;+efjgf dfly cf–cfkm\gf] IF]qsf] l/kf]6{ k|:t't
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . a}7sn] l/kf]l6{Ësf] ;dLIffdf hg;QFn] kf6L{ / qmflGtsf]
nflu dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ub}{ cfPsf] / s]xL ;do cufl8 dfq ;DkGg
hgjfbL lgjf{rgåf/f lgld{t hg;Qfn] / ltgsf clwj]zgx?n] hg;QFnfO{ :yflkt ug{ ;kmn
ePsf] ;fy} hg;Qfn] o'4 Joj:yfkg b]lv lnP/ ;QF ;+rfngsf sfdsfhx? l;Sb} lhDd]jf/
9+un] pknAwL xfl;n u/]sf] lgrf]8 lgsflnPsf] lyof] .
pQm
a}7sn] kfl/t u/]sf] kl/kq j}7sdf lnOPsf lg0f{ox?sf] klxnf] a"“bfdf
cfwf/O{nfsLo …tLg cfGbf]ngÚsf] of]hgfnfO{ hg;Qfn] of]hgfj4?kdf k|rf/–k|;f/
ug]{, tTsfn ufp“ hg;QFsf j}7s k|lzIf0fx? ;+rfng ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
;fy} k|lts[ofjfbL ;Qfn] 5g]{ u/]sf] e|d unt ;dfrf/sf] e08fkmf]/ ug]{ / qmflGtsf
pknAwLx?sf] k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ ljifo pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
a}7sn]
u/]sf lg0f{ox?sf] bf]>f] a"“bfdf ;+u7gfTds sfo{ ;DaGwL dxTjk"0f{
lg0f{o lnOPsf] 5 . h;df ;j{k|yd lhNnf hg;/sf/ ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] sfo{ljefhg
ul/Psf] 5 . hg;QFsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] sfd st{Jo clwsf/ / sfo{ef/ af/] dfu{
lgb]{zg ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} lj:tf/sf If]qdf hg;Qfåf/f /fhg}lts x:tIf]k a9fpg]
sfof{nox? Jojl:yt 9+un] ;+rfngsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
o;} a"“bfdf s]Gb|Lo hgkl/ifb\sf] sfg'g / lgb]{lzsfsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo hg;Qf
;+rfng ;DaGwL gLlt, lgod, lgdf{0fsf] nflu gLlt lgdf{0f ;ldlt / csf]{ 5'§} nIo /flv
pBf]u Jofkf/ ;ldltsf] u7g ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . o;} ;+u7gfTds
sfo{;DaGwL lg0f{osf] Ps a"“bfdf @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] hgjfbsf] dd{ cg';f/ sfd
gug]{ cfkm\gf] lhDdf k"/f gug]{ hgk|ltlglwnfO{ hg;xeflutfdf k|Tofcfx\jfg
ug]{ klg pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
lg0f{osf]
csf]{ a"“bfdf hg;QFsf of]hgfa4 sfdx? lzif{ cGt/utsf Ph]08fx? k|:t't u/]sf]
5 . Ph]08fx?df d'Vou/L lzIff, :jf:Yo, hgk|zf;g, ljsf; lgdf{0f ;DaGwL
lg0f{ox? ul/Psf] 5 . lzIff ;DaGwL k|To]s uf=h=;=df / jf=h=;=x?df
gd"gf of]Uo ?kdf ljsf; ug]{ u/L lzIfs sd{rf/L / lzlIft hgzQmL kl/rfng u/L
;fIf/tf cleofg rnfpg] / ;+rfng ug]{ /x]sf 5g\ . :jf:Yo ;DaGwL k|To]s
uf=h=;= df hg;QFsf] dftxtdf !÷! hgf :jf:YosdL{x?sf] Joj:yf ug]{, agh+un ;+/If0f
;ldlt lgdf{0f u/L ;fj{hlgs ag ljsf;sf of]hgf cufl8 a9fpg], ;fj{hlgs ag
cltqmd0fnfO{ k"0f{ /f]s nufpg] / ljleGg vfnsf ck/fwLx?nfO{ l;kd"ns /
>dd"ns h]nsf] Joj:yf ug]{, hg;/sf/sf] dftxtdf ;z:q ldlnlzof /xg] tyf
tLgnfO{ hg;QFn] cfjZos 7fg]df kl/rfng ug]{ cflb /x]sf 5g\ . o:t} hg;QFsf
uf=h=;= b]lv lhNnf ;Ddsf sfof{nox? k|To]s lbg lbp“;f] !@ ah]b]lv a]n'sf $
ah];Dd v'nfu/L Jojl:yt ?kd k|zf;lgs sfdx? cufl8 a9fpg] h:tf k|zf;lgs ljifod
dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox? a}7sn] u/]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L
tLg cfGbf]ng -/fhg}lts, pTkfbg, ;+:s[lt_ sf] of]hgfdf 7f]; ul/Psf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfdx? plrt ;dodf ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu
o;} a'“bfdf yk hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . a}7sn] cfly{s ljifodf klg dxTjk"0f{
lg0f{ox? lnPsf] 5 . o;} a"“bfdf k'/fgf] ;Qfsf e|i6frf/Lx? kQf nufO{
e|i6frf/sf] /sd c;"n ug]{ lg0f{o klg ;ldltn] lnPsf] 5 .
;ldltsf]
a}7sn] lnPsf lg0f{ox?sf] clGtd a"“bfdf hg;QFsf uf=h=;= b]lv lhNnf sfof{no
aLr hLjGt / lgoldt ;Dks{ x'g'kg]{ s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
a}7ssf]
cGtdf hg;QFn] cfwf/ OnfsLo tLg cfGbf]ngsf] of]hgfnfO{ ljz]if 9+un] sfof{Gjog
ub}{ cufl8 a9\g'kg]{, jf:tljs ;j{xf/fju{sf] hg;QfnfO{ j}1flgs, ;Ifd, s'zn /
;+3if{zLn agfpb} hfg'kg]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] bzf{pb} a}7ssf cWoIfaf6 a}7s ;dfkg
ePsf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
k|lzIf0fdf rf/ ;osf] ;xeflutf
sbd a'9f
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
sfnLsf]6 lhNnfsf] cfof]hgfdf lhNnf
kf6L{ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
d'd|f
uf=h=;=df cfof]lht pQm s]Gb|Ls[t k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf lhNnfsf k|To]s Pl/of
;ldltsf kf6L{ sfo{stf{x? / lhNnfdf /x]sf ljleGg ljefusf pkzfvfsf u/L rf/ ;o hgf
eGbf a9L k|ltlglwx? ;xeflu ePsf lyP . pb\3f6g, l/kf]6LË, tyf aGbzq,
k|lzIf0f, cGt/s[of / ;dfkg u/L kf“r r/0fdf of] sfo{qmd ;f}xfb{k"0f{
jftfj/0fdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
sfnLsf]6 lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s= /ljG;n] ;+rfng ug'{ ePsf] o; k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ sfnLsf]6 lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= k/fqmdLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf]
lyof] . /ftf em08f, Aofg/ / tf]/0fn] ;hfj6 ul/Psf] k|lzIf0f xndf ;j{k|yd
lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf cf/=la=Pd= s= lxtdfg, lhNnf k|zf;g ljefusf k|d'v tyf
cf/=la=Pd= s= rGbg, lhNnf lzIff ljefusf ;]qm]6/L s= c+lst, dfcf]jfbL c5fdsf
l8=l;=Pd= s= tk]Gb| nufotsf k|d'v cltly / cltlyx? k|j]z ug]{a]nf sfo{stf{x?n]
cf–cfkm\gf] 7fp“af6 p7]/ tfnL ahfO{ :jfut u/]sf lyP . cltlyx?sf] cfudg kl5
;a}n] ;f/ule{t ?kdf sDo'lgi6 cGt/f{li6«o uLt ufPsf lyP . To;kl5 cf/=la=Pd=
tyf sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly s= lxtdfgn] d]gjQL afnL sfo{qmdsf] d"n Aofg/
pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] . Aofg/ pb\3f6g kl5 ;lxbx?sf] ;Ddfgsf] lglDt Ps
ldg]6 >4f~hnL tyf df}gwf/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . To;kl5 s0ff{nL hg;f“:s[lts
Knf6'gsf snfsdL{x?n] :jfut uLt k|:t't u/]sf lyP . /, cfof]hssf] tkm{af6 s=
lj/f6n] :jfut efif0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf]
bf]>f]r/0f l/kf]l6Ë tyf aGbzqdf lhNnfsf ljleGg Pl/of / ljefux?sf
sfo{stf{x?n] cf–cfkm\gf] sfo{IF]qsf] l/kf]6{ k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
cf–cfkm\gf] If]q / ljefusf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ l/kf]6{ k]z ug]{x?df Pl/of g+= !
b]lv !! ;Ddsf ;]mq]6/Lx? qmdzM s= ljifd, s= ls/0f, s= k|efs/, s= /lQmd, s=
k|uf9, s= kl/jt{g, s= lg/h, s= k|l;4, s= e/t, s= ;Gtf]if, s= p4j, s0ff{nL
hg;f+:s[lts Knf6'gsf sdf08/ s= ;fx;L, lhNnf hgldlnl;of Knf6'g sdf08/ s=
lx/fd0fL, lhNnf ;+rf/ ljefusf ;]qm]6/L s= k|sfz, lhNnf k|fljlws ljefus s=
bf]efg, lhNnf :jf:Yo ljefusf ;]qm]6/L s= ljsf; /xg'ePsf] lyof] . pxf“x?n]
cf–cfkm\gf] If]qsf ;d;fdlos l/kf]6{, d'Vo u/L lhNnf kf6L{sf] ;ftf}+ a}7sn] to
u/]sf] cfwf/ O{nfsf PsLs[t ljsf; cfGbf]ngsf] of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf ePu/]sf]
ljifodf l/kf]6{ k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf]
t]>f] tyf k|lziIf0fsf] ;];gdf ;j{k|yd ;]tL–dxfsfnL If]=Ao" sfof{non]
hf/L u/]sf lgb]{zg kq / ;s'{n/x? cWoog u/fOPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 cf/=la=Pd=
s= lxtdfgn] l/kf]6{ dfly 5nkmn, cfwf/O{nfsf PsLs[t ljsf; cfGbf]ngsf] of]hgf
sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf ;d:of / To; of]hgfsf] yk AofVof / 5nkmnåf/f k|i6 kfg'{ ePsf]
lyof] . k|lzIf0fdf gof“ 9+usf] kf6L{ lgdf{0f s;/L ug]{ eGg]df hf]8bf/
5nkmn k|lzIfsaf6 ePsf] lyof] . k|lzif0fsf] qmddf af]Nb} cf/=la=Pd= rGbgn]
Pg=hL=cf]=÷cfO{=Pg=hL=cf]= ;DaGwL hgjfbL ;Qf / k|zf;gsf] gLltaf/] sfo{stf{x?nfO{
:ki6 kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} hgjfbL lzIff ;DaGwL l/kf]6{df p7]sf ;d:of
dfly yk :6]h lb+b} s= c+sLtn] klg k|lzIf0fdf af]Ng' ePsf] lyof] .
o;}r/0fsf] cGtdf sfo{qmdsf cWoIftfdf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= k/fqmdLn] sfnLsf]6
lhNnf]sf] ju{;+3if{ / cGt/;+3if{af/] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ lhNnf kf6L{n] kfl/t
u/]sf] lnlvt k|:tfj k9]/ ;'gfpg' ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf]
clGtd tyf cGt/lqmof / ;dfkgsf] r/0fdf sfo{stf{x?n] ljljw k|;+udf c:ki6 ePsf]
ljifodf lnlvt k|Zgx? k|lzIfs sxf“ k]z u/]sf lyP . sfo{stf{x?n] p7fPsf
k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm k|lzIfs tyf sfo{qmdsf cltly cf/=la=Pd= s= lxtdfgn] lbg'ePsf]
lyof] . /, cGtdf– ljrf/ efjgfsf] ;+36g ;lxt nfdf] ;do -sl/a ^ dlxgf_sf]
cGt/fn kl5 lhNnf :t/df s]Gb|Ls[t k|lzIf0f ;fy} cfwf/Onfsf PsLs[t ljsf;
cfGbf]ngsf] of]hgf ;Dk|]if0f / nfu' ug]{ qmddf tTsfn ;ldIff u/L gof“ 9+un]
of]hgfnfO{ cufl8 n}hfg ;lsg] ljZjf; / cfwf/ k|fKt ePsf] hfgsf/L u/fp“b} ut
a}zfv !( ut] sfo{qmdsf cWoIf s=k/fqmdLaf6 sfo{qmd ;dfkg ePsf] 3f]if0ff
ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L
k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgsf] lbg bf]>f] la|u]8 cGt/ut lk=Pn= sdf08/ s=
cfd"n / g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sfnLsf]6 P=l;=Pd= s= ljlgtf aLr hgjfbL ljjfx
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . o; ljjfx ;df/f]xdf lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v gjLgs'df/ lj=s=n]
a/ / aw'nfO{ ljjfx :jLs[lt ul/Psf] kq ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|bfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
;fy} pxf“n] j/ / jw'nfO{ clj/ / dNofcfj/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . qmflGtdf pRr
ljrf/ / phf{ lgdf{0f ug{sf] nflu ljjfx ug'{kg]{ ;fy} k|]d / ljjfx ljrf/ /
l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t x'g' dfS;{jfbL dfGotf xf] eGb} jfwfO{ dGtJo klg lbg'ePsf]
lyof] . o; ;df/f]xdf s0ff{nL hg;f“:s[lts ;}Go Knf6'gsf snfsf/x?n] z'esfdgf
uLt k|:t't u/]sf lyP eg] s= ;dLIffn] dGtJoåf/f z'esfdgf JoQm ug'{ePsf]
lyof] .
cGtdf o;
;df/f]xsL cWoIf dlxGb|f /f]sfon] gof“ ;+:sf/ cg';f/ ljjfx ug'{ eg]sf] k'/fgf]
;fdGtL / k'hLjfbL ;fd|fHojfbL 5f8f ;+:s[lts lj?4sf] n8fO{+ ePsf] atfp“b} ljjfx
;df/f]x ;dfkgsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;sf] ;+rfns s= /0flåkn]
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . :d/0fLo 5, rf/ lbg] kf6L{ k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd a}zfv !^ b]lv
@) ut] ;Dd ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{stf{x?sf] s]Gb|Ls[t k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd
sfnLsf]6÷kf6L{ lhNnf k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;dfkgsf] nuQ} ut
a};fv !( ut] / @) ut] lhNnf e/Lsf kf6L{ ;b:ox? / h=j=;=sf sfo{stf{x?sf]
s]Gb|Ls[t k|lzIf0f Pl/of g+= $ df ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
s=
/0flåkn] ;+rfng ug'{ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= k/fqmdLsf] cWoIftf
/x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf lhNnfe/Lsf s/La %)) hgf sfo{stf{x? pkl:yt /x]sf
lyP . sfo{qmddf cf/=la=Pd= tyf lhNnf O~rfh{ s= lxtdfg\, cf/=la=Pd= s= rGbg
k|lzIfssf] ?kdf pkl:yt /xg' ePsf] lyof] . k|lzIf0fdf jt{dfg\ kl/l:ylt ;fy}
lhNnfdf ag]sf] cfwf/OnfsLo PsLs[t ljsf; cfGbf]ngsf] of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf]
;dLIffTds k|lzIf0f s= lxtdfgaf6 ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} s= rGbgn] of]hgf /
To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf cfPsf s]xL Jojxfl/s sfo{z}nLut ljifodf af]Ng'ePsf]
lyof] . o; sfo{qmddf c;n 9+usf] kf6L{ lgdf{0f / kf6L{ sfo{z}nL lgdf{0f
ug]{ s'/fnfO{ k|lzIf0fdf s= lxtdfgn] :ki6 kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf]
cGtlt/ sfo{stf{x?n] ;fw]sf k|Zgx?sf] hjfkm klg s= lxtdfgn] g} lbg'ePsf]
lyof] .
c5fdsf] Oltxf;df klxnf]k6s clwj]zgx?
a/0f ltldN;]gf
g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ ;]tL–dxfsfnL IF]qLo Ao'/f] cGtu{t cfwf/ IF]q dflgg]
c5fd lhNnfsf] e6fsf6Lof uf=h=;= df ;f]xL uf=h=;= sf] k|yd clwj]zg
;f}xfb{k"0f{ jftfj/0fdf ut h]i7 $ ut] eJo ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
clwj]zgsf] z'?df b]z / hgtfsf] lxtsf] lglDt n8\g] / cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] k|jfx gu/L
anL r9fpg] dxfg\ cd/ 1ft÷c1ft ;lxbx? k|lt ! ldg]6 efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL
ck{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . clwj]zgsf] ;efd'vdf uf=h=;= ;b:o dfgaxfb'/ ;fpbnfO{
rogul/Psf] lyof] . ;efd'vsf] rogkl5 ;f] clwj]zgsf] ;efkltTj / ;+rfng
uf=h=;= ;b:o dfgaxfb'/ ;fpbn] g} ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|d'v cltlydf lhNnf
hg;/sf/ k|d'v ;/bl;+x e08f/L x'g'x'GYof] eg] cltlyx? lhNnf hg;/sf/ pk–k|d'v
vu]Gb| /f]sfof, clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ s]lGb|o ;b:o emk8 ;fpb, Pl/of OGrfh{ s=
cfofd, /]l8of] hgu0ftGq g]kfn ;]d k|;f/0f ;]jfaf6 s=;r]t j6fnf / kf08j
/xg'ePsf] lyof] .
pQm
clwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g ub}{ lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v z/bl;+x e08f/Ln] cf7 aif{sf]
bf}/fgdf g} g]kfnL hgo'4n] pRrtd\ ljsf; xf“l;n u/]sf] 5 . / o;n]
k|r08kysf] /0fsf}zntfnfO{ cem} k|i6\ofpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 eGb} c5fdsf] Oltxf;df of]
k|yd uf=h=;= clwj]zg sf];]9'Ëf ;fljt ePsf] 5 .
clwj]zgsf]
bf]>f] r/0f aGb z];g klg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] aGb z];gdf uf=h=;= ;a}
jf=h=;= k|d'vx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] wf/0ff k|:t't ug'{ePsf] lyof] . aGb z];gdf
uf=h=;= k|d'v eQmafxfb'/ a'9fn] aflif{s sfo{of]hgfsf] k|:tfj k9]/ ;'gfpg' ePsf]
lyof] / uf=h=;=sf] jh]l6Ë klg ;'gfOPsf] lyof] .
;f]
clwj]zgsf] 3f]if0ff ;efdf uf=h=;= sf ;Dk"0f{ k|ltlglwx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf]
lyof] . ;f] e6fsf6Lof uf=h=;=sf] s"n ah]l6Ë * nfv *@ xhf/ /x]sf]
5 . ;f] /sd af6f]3f6f], rlk{, k'n–k'n];f / cGo ljsf; lgdf{0f ug{
5'6\ofOPsf] lyof] .
dfly pNn]vLt
/sd k|lts[ofjfbL ;Qfn] klg uf=h=;=df 5'6\ofPsf] lyPg . t/, xfdLn]
e6fsfl6of uf=h=;=nfO{ gd'gfsf] ?kdf lrgfpg / hgtfsf] ;d:ofnfO{ dWogh/ xfdLn]
pQm ah]l6Ë u/]sf xf}+ eg]/ uf=h=;= k|d'v eQmaxfb'/ ;fpbn] eGg'eof] . / ;f]
clwj]zgsf] ;dfkg uf=h=;= ;b:o -%# alif{o_ dfgaxfb'/ ;fpbn] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] .
To;} u/]/
cGo uf=h=;=x? /fdf/f]zg, jf6'nf;}g, ;'tf/, zfGt8f, rfkmfdf08f}sf] k|yd clwj]zg,
lhNnf hg;/sf/ pk–k|d'v vu]Gb| /f]sfof, Pl/of OGrfh{ s= cfofd / Pl/of ;]qm]6/L
s= clj/nsf] pkl:yltdf eJo ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .
;Dk"0f{ c5fdL o'jfx? ldlnl;ofs/0f
k|r08kysf] /0fsf}zntfn] cfh l;Ëf] b]z ;z:q ljb|f]xdf
h'l6/x]sf] 5 . b]zdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] j}1flgs ljrf/s} sf/0f cfh
uf=h=;= ;Qf, lhNnf ;/sf/, If]qLo ;/sf/ x'b} s]lGb|o;QF ;Dd 3f]if0ff ug{ tL/
nlDs/x]sf] 5 . kmf}hL b[li6n] x]bf{ l8lehg :t/sf] hg;]gf lgdf{0f ePsf] of]
kl/j]zdf c5fdL o'jfx?df klg Psls;Ldsf] hf]z hf“u/, xf};nf / pd+u 5fPsf]
5 . c5fdL j:tLsf ;Dk"0f{ o'jfx?sf] Pp6} cfx\jfg 5 ls xfdLnfO{ xltof/
rflxof], tfnLd Pj+ k|lzIf0f lbg'k¥of] . ca xfdL ljgfos, nf]8]3f6 h:tf
c5fdsf ljleGg 7fp“df u/]sf xTofsf lj?4 sDd/ sl; b'Zdgsf] aª\s/ sAhf ug{
d+un;]g, ;f“km] hfG5f}+ eg]/ eg]sf 5g\ . ;f]xL cg'?k lhNnf ldlnl;ofn]
cof]hgf u/]sf] z}Go lzlj/df c5fdsf clwsf+z o'jfx? ;xefuL eO{ z}Go tflnd xf;Ln
u/]sf 5g\ .
c5fddf 3'DtL :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;DkGg
hgtfsf] :jf:Yo ;DalGw ;d:ofnfO{ phfu/ ug]{ kf6L{sf]
d"n Wo]osf ;fy lhNnf ;ldlt c5fdsf] lgb]{zgdf / lhNnf :jf:Yo ljefu c5fdsf]
cfof]hgfdf ut h]i7 * ut] Pl/of g+= ! sf] e6fsfl6of /fdf/f]zg, af6'nf;}g
uf=h=;=sf sl/a #)) hgtfsf] :jf:Yo kl/If0f ;lxt 3§]ju/df pkrf/ sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . To;}u/L bf]>f] r/0fsf] 3'DtL :jf:Yo lzlj/ d'hfju/, rfkmfdfG8f}+
/ zfGt8f uf=h=;= sf sl/a @)) hgfsf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pgLx?sf] klg
:jf:Yo kl/If0f ;lxt pkrf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . o; 3'DtL :jf:Yo lzlj/df ljz]if
u/L Uofli6«s, emf8fkvfnf, gfs, sfg, 5fnfsf] ;+qmd0f ;DalGw /f]uLx?sf] lgMz'Ns
pkrf/ ul/Psf] / o:tf lzlj/ c5fd lhNnfe/L rnfpg] 5f}+ egL lhNnf :jf:Yo ljefu
k|d'v s= ;gdn] atfpg' eof] .
o;n ubf{
c5fdLjf;L hgtfn] Psdfq ;]jf ug]{ kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ xf] / o;n] u/]sf
sfdx?sf] k|z+;f gu/L /xg ;Sb}gf}+ eg]sf 5g\ .
;+o'Qm Pl/of k|lzIf0f ;DkGg
dx]Gb|gu/ -s~rgk'/_÷ sfo{stf{sf] /fhg}lts–j}rfl/s :t/
p7fpg Pl/of g+= ! / @ sf] ;+o'Qm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lhNnf kf6L{
s~rgk'/n] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] sfo{qmddf k|To]s Pl/of ;b:ox?n] kf6L{–g]t[Tj
;'l4s/0f af/] l/kf]l6Ë u/]sf lyP . pQm sfo{qmd P=l;=P;= s= bz{g -Pl/of g+=
@_sf] ;~rfngdf P=l;=P;= s= ;GTf]ifsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf
k|d'v cltly lhNnf ;]qm]6l/o6 ;b:o s= /f]lxt, cltly s= ljlrq, s= clgn, s= oyfy{
-;]tL–dxfsfnL hgjfbL df]8]n sf k|=c=_ /xg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf !)) hgf
k|lzIffyL{sf] pkl:ylt lyof] . aLr aLrdf alnbfgL ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/åf/f cToGt
/f]rs uLt k|:t'tL ul/Psf] lyof] .
– ld;g æpN6xjfÆ
z}lIfs x8\tfndf hg;dy{g, e|i6rf/L SofDk; k|d'v sAhfdf
dx]Gb|gu/ -s~rgk'/_÷
hf]ua'9f
uf=h=;= sf !$ ljBfnosf a6flnog :t/sf] kmd]{zgn] Aofks cGt/s[of, hge]nf ;lxt #
lbg] cleofg ;DkGg u/]sf] nuQ} clglZrtsflng z}lIfs x8\tfnaf/] lhNnfsf ljleGg
ljBfno kl/jf/ / cleefjs aLr Aofks cGt/s[of ;DkGg ePsf] clvn -qmflGtsf/L_
s~rgk'/n] hgfPsf] 5 .
k|fKt
;dfrf/ cg';f/ k'/fgf] ;QFsf] xTof/f l;kfxLsf] SofDk hf]ua'9fsf] !) ldg]6sf]
b'/Ldf /x]sf] l;4gfy pRr df=lj= k'gt/fsf] k|frfo{sf] g]t[Tjdf ! Knf6'g lzIfs,
Pl/of g+= @ sf ljleGg ljBfno kl/jf/ aLr x8\tfn / hgjfbL lzIff k|0ffnLsf]
cfjZoQmaf/] Aofks cGt/s[of / cleefjs e]nf ub}{ # lbg] cleofg ;DkGg u/]sf]
5 . cleofg ljbfO{ sfo{qmddf nuteu $ lsnf]ld6/sf] nfdf] lj|u]8 :t/sf]
hgkmd]{zg gfrufg jfhfufhf, km'ndfnf / /ftf l;Gb'/ / clj/n] /lËPsf] kmd]{zgn] gf/f
3Gsfpb} ljbfO{ u/]sf lyP . ;f] sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly s= /f]lxt / cltly s=
clgnn] ;Djf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
csf]{
;dfrf/ cg';f/ t/fO{ IF]qdf kg]{ b'Zdgsf] xTof/f SofDk lt3/L, ctl/of b]lv !%
ldg]6sf] b'/Ldf /x]sf] u'nl/of pRr df=lj=df cleefjs e]nf, lzIfs cGt/s[of /
ljBfyL{ k|lzIf0f ul/ tLg lbg] P]ltxfl;s sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . To;}ul/
dxfsfnL df=lj= s[i0fk'/ / ;/:jtL lg=df=lj= ljBfno kl/jf/ aLr cGt/s[of ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . xfn ;Dd lhNnfsf t/fO{ If]qdf * ljBfno kl/jf/;+u Jofks 5nkmn
ePsf] clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf cWoIf a;Gt rf}w/Ln] atfpg' eof] .
ut h]i7
@! ut] lzIf0f ;+:yfsf dflkmof dxfsfnL SofDk; a]nf}/Lsf SofDk; k|d'v k|]daxfb'/
af]x/fnfO{ cg';Gwfgsf] nflu clvn -qmflGtsf/L_n] sAhfdf lnPsf] 5 . gful/s
;dfhsf cg';f/ pQm SofDk; k|d'vn] sl/a ? @) nfv lxgfldgf u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
o;/L sfnf] ;"lrdf k/]sf e|i6rf/L lzIfsx? of] 36\gfaf6 cft+lst ePsf 5g\ /
ljBfno kl/jf/ Psbd v'zL ePsf 5g\ . :d/0f /xf];\ lgh SofDk; k|d'v b]pjf
u'6sf g]kfn lzIfs ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf / 6«]8 o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo dxf;lrj ;d]t
/x]sf] >f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 .
ld;g æpN6xjfÆ, s~rgk'/af6
a'9L cfdfsf] s'/f ;'Gbf
s}nfnL ÷g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf] of]hgf
cg';f/ b]zsf ljleGg efudf rln/x]sf] ;z:q hgdflr{Ë cleofg ;fgbf/ ?kn] cufl8
al9/x]sf] 5 . s}nfnLdf rln/x]sf] cleofgdf a'9L cfdfx? v';Lsf ;fy cleofgdf
cfPsf] s'/f atfpb} hgjfbL uLt b]p8f v]Nb} /dfpb} k|lts[ofjfbL ;Qfdf wdL/f
nfu]sf] / xltof/sf] andf l6s]sf] ;QfnfO{ xfdL a'9L dlxnfn] n¶Låf/f g} k/f:t ug{
;S5f}+ eGg] cfdfsf] k|lts[of 5 .
tkfO{sf] gfd s] xf] < cfdf .
d]/f] gfd
sf}lznf b]jL e08f/L xf] .
tkfO{nfO{ cleofgdf hjh{:tL NofPsf] xf] sL v';Ln] xf]
<
xfdL t
v'l;n] cfPsf xf}+ . lsgeg] oltsf cfdfx?sf sf]v l/ltP . xfd|} 5f]/f
5f]/Lx? uf]nL vfP/ uP . xfdL klg cfkm\gf] 7fp“af6 n8\gsf] nflu cfPsf 5f}+
lg .
tkfO{sf] pd]/ slt aif{ eof] <
d]/f]
pd]/ t %) aif{ k'/f eO{;Sof] afa' .
a'9L dfG5] cleofgdf cfPsL eg]/] s;}n] s]xL eGb5g\ <
cx+ s;}n]
klg s]xL eGb}gg\ . a? o;f] eG5g\ –a'9L cfdf cleofgdf cfPsLn] xfdL klg
cleofgdf hfp“ eg]/ cfk;d s'/f ug]{ ub{5g\ .
–cledt s'df/ af]x/f
hgtfn] xf/]sf] Oltxf; 5}g
d'd|f -sflnsf]6_÷ hgtf wgL x'g' g} kf6L{ wgL x'g' xf],
Onfsf wgL x'g' g} hgo'4n] lhTg' x'g]5 . pQm s'/f lhNnf OGrfh{ tyf
cf/=la=Pd= lxtdfgn]] d'd|f uf=h=;= :tl/o k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf hgtfnfO{ ;Djf]wg
ub}{ ;f] s'/f atfpg' ePsf] xf] .
sflnsf]6
Pl/of g+= $ sf ;]qm]6/L s= /lQmdsf] cWoIftf /x]sf] hgk|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sflnsf]6sf O~rfh{ s= lxtdfg, ;]qm]6/L s= k/fqmdL, Gofoljefu
k|d'v s= 8fod08sf] cfltYotf /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf s= lxtdfgn]
cfwf/Onfsf PsLs[t ljsf; cfGbf]ngsf] of]hgfaf/] hgtfnfO{ k|lzlIft kfg'{ePsf]
lyof] . pxf“n] ;f] ljifodf af]Nb} hg;QFsf gLltdf ga:g] k'/fgf] ;QFaf6 cfzf
ug]{sf lj?4 /fhg}lts cfGbf]ng, k'/fgf] ljrf/df ;+s'lrt e} gof“ ljrf/ /
/fhgLltnfO{ cj/f]w v8f ul/lbg] r]tgfsf lj?4 h'emf? ;+3if{ ub}{ cGt/f{li6«o
;a{xf/f ju{sf] ;DktLsf] ?kdf sDo'lgi6 :jefj / ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; ug{ kg]{ atfpg'
eof] . pxf“n] hgo'4sf] /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] of]hgfdf ljho xfl;n ug{
hgtfsf] cfwf/ Onfsfdf hg;]gfsf] l8lehgnfO{ kfOg ;Sg] zlQm ljsf; ug{sf nflu gof“
/ j}1flgs tl/sfn] pTkfbg a9fpg'kg]{ pTkfbg cfGbf]ngsf] nIo /x]sf] s'/f hgtfnfO{
:ki6 kfg'{ePsf] lyof] . k|lzIf0fsf] cGtdf pxf“n] sflnsf]6 hgtfn] xf/]sf]
Oltxf; 5}g / hgo'4sf] Oltxf;df klg tkfO{+ xfdLn] xfg'{ x'b}g eGg'ePsf]
lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf
s0ff{nL hg;f+:s[lts Knf6'gsf snfsf/x?n] /f]rs uLt, g[To / ck]/f k|:t't u/]sf
lyP eg] :jfut dGtJo d'd|f uf=h=;=k|d'v df]xg s]=;L=n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . /,
;+rfng s= ch'{gn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
b'Zdgsf] cf7 sDkgL af“b/ nv]6fOdf
kf08f}g -s}nfnL_÷ hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn ln:g]–ufd
t]>f] la|u]8sf] s]xL zlQmn] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] cf7 sDkgLsf] ;z:q hTyfnfO{
P]ltxfl;s lvd8Ldf s]Gb|Lt x'“bf :jfut / Aof/]sdf lkmtf{x'bf ljbfO ul/ k7fPsf
5g\ . s}nfnL lhNnfsf] r'/]kj{tdf cjl:yt kf08f}g / 8f]6L lhNnfsf] dxfef/t
kxf8sf] jfu5]8f cfd'Go ;fd'Go kb{5g\ . h]i7 @! ut] Ps} ;dodf cufl8
al9/x]sf] xTof/f] hTyfnfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] 6's8Lx?n] cfqmd0f ubf{ s/La &
hgfsf] ;kmfof x'g'sf] ;fy} @ lbg ;Dd sdf08 If]tljR5]b ePsf] lyof] .
lvd8Ldf
s]Gb|Lt x'g cfPsf] hTyfx?dWo] kmfo/ :jfut u|x0f ug]{ 6Ldx? 8f]6Lsf] bLkfonaf6
af35]8f cfPsf] lyof] eg] s}nfnLsf]
dfnLsf n]v x'b} kf08f]gdf cfPsf lyP . ptf ;'v]{taf6 afljofrf}/ x'b} j]tfg,
c5fdsf] d+un;]gaf6 nf]8]3f6 x'b} 8f]6Lsf] d]N6f, s}nfnLsf] rf];]sf“8f x'b}
s'Nt8L, s6f}Gh] x'b} /h'df cfPsf] lyof] . ut aif{ d+;L/ !^ ut] o;/L g}
sGb|Lt ePsf] hTyfnfO{ lvd8Ldf Wj:t agfPkl5 Toxf“ k'Ug] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] lxDdt
lyPg . cToGt cft+lst dfgl;stfdf 3]/faGbL ug{ cfPsf] hTyfn] ;lhn} kms{g klg
sxf“ kfpYof] / < k|r08kyLo kmf}hL /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltnfO{ ks8]sf hgd'lQm
;]gfn] b'Zdg ;]gfnfO{ v]b\g;Dd v]b] . Ps}lbg ut h]i7 @& ut] c5fdtL/
nfu]sf] hTyfnfO{ c5fd / 8f]6Lsf] l;dfgfsf gfrf}/df, bLkfon hfg nfu]sf]nfO{
a5]{gsf] k/0fdf / s}nfnL emg{ nfu]sf]nfO{ v}/fnf b/jf/sf] eGHofËaf6 af“b/
nv]6fO ul/ ljbfO{ ul/ Jof/]s k7fPsf 5g\ .
pQm
tLgj6} ljbfO{ df]rf{df k|x/L lg/LIfs s0f{axfb'/ /fjn ;lxt s/La !) hgfsf] ;kmfof
x'g'sf] ;fy} bh{gf}+ 3fOt] ePsf] s'/f p;sf] x]lnsK6/af6 ul/Psf] 9'jfgLn] g}
hgfpYof] . uhasf] s'/f t s] klg 5 eg] v}/fnfsf] eGHofªdf kmfo/af6 dfq} ge}
7"nf 9'Ëf n8fP/ klg age]8f glhs;Dd af“b/ nv]6fO ul/ k7fP/ kmls{Psf]
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf ;b:ox? atfp“5g\ . xTof/f] hTyfn] h]i7 ( ut] s}nfnLsf]
nDsLdf lu/km\tf/ ul/ xTof ul/g' ePsf ;]tL–dxfsfnL IF]qLo Ao'/f]sf al/i7 ;b:o s=
k|eft tyf csf{ g]tf IF]qLo Ao'/f] ;b:o s= k|j]zsf] zf]s ;efsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf]
lbgdf 3]/faGbL ug{ cfPsf] b'Zdgn] l/Qf]xft kms{g' dfq} k/]g 7"nf] IF]tL
Aoxf]/]/ Aof/]sdf kms{g afWo x'g' k/]sf] 5 . :d/0fLo 5 o; IF]qdf Aof/]saf6
aflx/ lg:s]sf] xTof/f] hTyf ;s'zn / ;lhn} kmls{Psf] k|foM kfOb}g . kf6L{
s]Gb|Lo of]hgf;+u hf]l8Psf] ;]d IF]qsf] of]hgf–s}nfnL lr;fkfgL b]lv
lbkfon;Ddsf] ;8s sAhfsf] ;Gbe{df ePsf] P]ltxfl;s 306]Zj/ df]rf{, ef;'eL/, wgu8L
/ cfdvf]Oof df]rf{x?n] df]rf{a4 o'4sf] ljsf; u/fPsf] tYo ;fljt e}/x]s} a]nf
cfkm\gf] k/fho dfgl;stf ;flxtsf] nfrf/L b]vfpg cfPsf] cf7 sDkgLsf] 3]/f aGbLsf]
lj?4 ePsf pNn]vLt ljleGg df]rf{x?n] df]rf{a4 o'4sf] lj:tf/ u/]sf] atfOG5 .
!$ lbg;Dd /fhdfu{ sAhf ul/ 8f]6Lsf] 306]Zj/df SofDk hdfP/ a;]sf] hgd'lQm
;]gfsf] 6's8Ln] kqåf/f p;sf SofDkx?df o'4sf] va/ k7fpbf rf/}lt/af6 cfPsf]
zlQmnfO{ lbp;} ! 306f;Dd nv]6\b} dfgjLo IF]tL k'¥ofO{ xltof/ ;d]t sAhf ubf{
cQflnPsf] k'/fgf] ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] pkl:ylt hgfpg l;d8Ldf s]Gb|Lt of]hgf cg';f/
7"nf] zlQm vr{g' k/]sf] / 7"nf] d"No r'sfpg' k/]sf] lj1x?
atfp5g\ .
3f]lift
o'4 n8]/ df]rf{a4 o'4sf] ljsf; ul/Psf] o;k6s 8f]6Lsf] jfu5]8f If]qdf & lbg
;Dd df]rf{ s;]/ ul/Psf] le8Gt tyf s}nfnLsf] r'/] kxf8df lk5fub}{ cGttM xltof/ /
kTy/ ;lxtsf] xdnfåf/f t/fO Aof/]sdf g} b'ZdgnfO{ s}b ug{ ;Sg'n] df]rf{a4 o'4sf]
lj:tf/ ePsf] df]rf{df ;+nUg sld;f/÷sdf08/x? atfp“5g\ .
s8f
k|lt/f]w ul/ hgtfsf] /Iff ug]{ ;Gbe{d ePsf] pQm df]rf{x?df sDkgL ;xfos sdf08/
s= clj/n, Knf6'g ;x–sdf08/ s= ;d'Gb| / ;b:o s= xl/ofnLsf] pRr zxfbt ePsf]
hgfOPsf] 5 . ln:g] ufd t]>f] la|u]8n] pxf“x?nfO{ dxfg\ ;lxb 3f]if0ff
ub}{ zf]snfO{ zlQmdf abNg ;}Go ;+u7g, kf6L{, ;]gf Pj+ cfkmGthgdf xflb{s cfx\jfg
ub}{ ;lxbx? k|lt >4f;'dg ck{0f u/]sf] 5 .
kf6L{sf] lhNnfe]nf k|lzIf0f / ;dLIff
sfo{qmd
8f]6L÷ 8f]6L lhNnf :t/Lo kf6L{ sfo{stf{ k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmd tyf hgdflr{Ë cleofgsf] bf]>f] ;dLIff sfo{qmd 3f“un IF]qdf ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . #)) hgf cleofg stf{ / sfo{stf{ pkl:yt ;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj s=
P6dn] / ;~rfng s= ;'/]zn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . k|d'v k|lzIfs s= ;'bz{g tyf
/fs]z / dx]Gb|sf] cfltYodf ;DkGg ;f] sfo{qmddf lzIfs ;+u7gsf cWoIf ljb|F]xL,
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf k|ltlglw, snfsf/ tyf cGo JolQmTjsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf k|lzIf0f lb+b} s= /fs]zn] hgdflr{Ë cleofgn] 8f]6LnfO{ emSemsfPsf] /
;f+u7lgs lj:tf/ / r]tgfsf] ;~rf/ ePsf] atfpg' eof] / jxf“n] ;f+:s[lts ?kn]
kl/jt{g x'g / ljs[ltaf6 d'Qm x'g cem}+ u'0fbf]if cfkm} s]nfpg kg]{ atfpg'
eof] . To:t} s= ;'bz{gn] tLa| cfGbf]ngn] ;]d IF]qdf kf/]sf] k|efj /
k|r08kyLo ljrf/wf/fsf] hgo'4df g]t[Tjn] g]kfn d'Qm x'g] lglZrt /x]sf] atfpg'
eof] . jxf“n] /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o /fhg}lts km]/abnn] hgo'4sf] ;kmntfsf
nflu cfjZos jftfj/0f aGb} uPsf] 5 eGg'eof] . s= dx]Gb|n] ;f“:s[lts kl/jt{g
ljgf /fhg}lts kl/jt{g lbuf] gx'g] / clxNo} b]lv k|r08kysf] gfddf x'ls{/x]sf]
k|ltqmflGtsf/L tTjlj?4 klg ;+3if{ ug'{ kg]{ atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ub}{ s= P6dn] kf6L{nfO{ hgtfaLr
k'¥ofpg sfo{stf{n] v]Ng' kg]{ e"ldsfaf/] uDeL/ lgb]{zg lbg'ePsf]
lyof] . ;f] k|lzIf0f ut a}zfv !% ut] ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L
3f“un If]qdf hgd'lQm ;]gf y8{ la|u]8 t]>f] a6flnogsf] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd
s=kxf8sf] ;efklTj, s= ;Gtf]ifsf] ;~rfng, s= Hjfnf / Zofdsf[] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg
eof] . k|d'v cltly g]skf-dfcf]ffbL_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o4o s= /fs]z / s=;'b{zg
/x]sf] ;f] sfo{qmddf s=dx]Gb| / ljb|f]xLsf] klg pkl:ylt lyof] . ;]gfnfO{
k|lzIf0f lb+b} /fs]zn] /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o /fhgLlt, ;}Go cg'zf;g, ;f+:s[lts
ljrng, of]hgf sfof{Gjog / cg'zf;g kIfdf k|lzIf0f lbg'eof] eg] s= ;'bz{gn] bz{g,
/fhgLlt, k|r08kyLo j}rfl/stf / kf6L{ of]hgfaf/] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
;f] sfo{qmddf s=dx]Gb| / ljb|f]xLn] ;f+:s[lts kIf / jf}l4s s[ofsnfkaf/] ljrf/
/fVg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj ul//xg' ePsf a6flnog sdf08/ s=kxf8n]
hgd'lQm ;]gfn] hgtfsf efjgfleq k'u]/ pgsf x[bonfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ cfkm\gf Aojxf/,
rl/q, / z}nLdf hgkIfLotf Nofpg' h?/L ePsf] atfpg' eof] . sfo{qmdn]
/fhg}lts / ;f+:s[lts k|lzIf0fdf uDeL/ k|efj kf/]sf] lyof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf
lj;' ;f+:s[lt sDkgLsf snfsf/ / sDkgL sdf08/ j;Gtsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
/, ;f+:s[lts k|:t'lt lbOPsf] lyof] .
lzIfsx?sf] If]qLo e]nf
8f]6L÷ clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+u7gsf] ;]d If]qLo ;dGjo ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf
klxnf] If]q :t/Lo ;Dd]ng 8f]6Lsf] a5]{gdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
;'/Iff If]qLo ;dGjo ;ldltsf] Joj:yfkg / s]Gb|Lo cWoIf s= d's'Gbsf] k|d'v
cfltYodf ;DkGg ;f] ;Dd]ng tLg lbg;Dd rn]sf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngdf ln:g] ufd y8{
la|u]8 sld;f/ tyf l;=l;=Pd= s= pQd, ;]d k|fb]lzs hgkl/ifb\sf k|d'v tyf
l;=l;=Pd= n]v/fh e§, pkk|d'v tyf l;=l;=Pd= s= vu/fh e§ cfltYo /x]sf] ;f]
;Dd]ngdf !) lhNnfsf ! xhf/ eGbf a9L lzIfs tyf k|ltlglw ko{j]Ifssf] pkl:ylt
/x]sf] lyof] . !) ut] pb\3f6g !! ut] k|lzIf0f, ;f+:slts k|bz{g / !@ ut]
aGb;qsf ;fy ;';DkGg ;f] ;Dd]ngsf] cWoIftf s= ljb|f]xLn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
;Dd]ngn] !% ;b:oLo IF]qLo ;+7gsf] rog ub} s= ljb|f]xLnfO{ g} cWoIftfdf lgj{lrt
u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf] cu|ufdL kl/jt{g / cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] ju{o'4df
jlnbfg k|fKt ug]{ dxfg\ !@ xhf/ ;lxbx? k|lt efjk"0f{ >4f ;'dg ck{0f
;lxt ;f] ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g s= d's'Gbn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] k|lzIf0f s= pQd, s=
/fs]z, s= ljgf]bn] lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|ltj]bg dfly Jofks 5nkmn /
yk36 ;lxt z}lIfs If]qdf cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] b[li6sf]0f kfl/t ePsf] 5 .
;Dd]ngn] dxfg\ hgo'4 g]kfnsf] z}lIfs ;d'Gglt / kl/jt{gsf] nflu ePsf] 7x/ ub}{
k|r08kyLo ljrf/af6 ;f] lgb]{lzt x'g' uf}/jsf] ljifo ePsf] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 .
sfo{qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gf lj;' ;f+:s[lts sDkgL / 5]8f lhNnf ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n] eJo
/ ;'Gb/ ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdåf/f ul/dfsf] clej[l4 u/]sf lyP . ;f] ;Dd]ng
j}zfv !) b]lv !@ ut] ;Dd ePsf] lyof] .
sbd
sf]6jf8f
-sfnLsf]6_÷ hgldlnlzofn] sf]6jf8fl:yt zfxL ;]gfsf] SofDk glhs} /fv]sf]
alj6«ofK; ad k8\lsbf Ps hgf zfxL;]gfsf] d[To' / bh{gf} ;Vt 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ .
SofDksf] !
;o dL6/ glhs 6f+luPsf] em08fd'lg ;f] ad /flvPsf] / s/La !* lbg kl5 dfq zfxL
cd]l/sL ;]gfn] ;f] rnfp“bf ad ljikmf]6g ePsf] lyof] .
;f]
36gfdf d[ts / 3fO{t]nfO{ nuQ} x]lnsK6/df /fvL nluPsf] 36gfsf k|ToIf bzL{ Pshgf
ls;fgaf6 v'Ng cfPsf] 5 .
ad
ljikmf]6gsf] 36gfaf6 xtk|bt ePsf] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] 36gf:yn glhs} hUufdf
hf]lt/x]sf Pshgf ufp“n]nfO{ bf]ifLsf] z+sfdf lbge/L cfkm\gf] SofDkdf nlu
y'lg/fv]sf] lyof] / pgnfO{ a]n'sf dfq 5f]8]sf] lyof] . sl/a b'O{ dlxgf
cufl8 b]lv sf]6jf8fsf] h+undf SofDk hdfO{ a;]sf] zfxL cd]l/sg ;]gfsf] hTyf
ufp“df k|j]z ug{ 8/fO/x]sf], s'g} lbg ef]s} a:g] u/]sf] / v;L, t/sf/L ;d]t
x]lnsK6/af6 NofP/ vfg] u/]sf] s'/f hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf] 5 . zfxL ;]gfsf] SofDk
j/Lkl/ dfcf]jfbLx?n] lbgx'“ ljikmf]6 u/fpg], gf/f –h'n'z dzfn h'n'z h:tf sfdx?
ul//xg] x'“bf SofDk eGbf aflx/ cfPdf cfkm" w/fkdf kg]{ 8/n] klg h+un
leqsf] SofDkdf al; lbg ljtfpg] zfxL;]gf SofDk aflx/ rnv]n u/]df af“Rg glbg]
dfcf]jfbL hgldlnlzofn] atfPsf 5g\ . :d/0fLo 5, ;f] ad j}zfv !$ ut]
ljikmf]6g ePsf] lyof] .
æ;'/fpÆ cleofg pb\3f6g
o'4;+jfbftf, ! g+ sDkgL÷ oxL ldlt )^!–!–@! ut] klZrd
/]lhgn sdf08 cGtu{t ! g+ lhNnfdf æ;'/fpÆ cleofgsf] pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 .
tfdfª afx'Notf /x]sf] lhNnf cGtu{t tfdfª al:t lsªtfgaf6 z'? ul/Psf] ;f] pb\3f6g
ul/Psf] ;f] sfo{qmddf tfdfª /fli6«o :jfoQ If]lqo k|b]z hg;/sf/ ;ldltsf ;b:o,
tfdfª /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf wflb+ª lhNnf hg;/sf/
;ldltsf k|d'v s=;'jf; tfdfªsf] ljz]if pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof], eg] ;f] pb\3f6g
sfo{qmdsf ;+rfns s=k|lj0f x'g'x'GYof] . # ;o hgdfg;sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] ;f] pb\3f6g
sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{sf tkm{af6 ljBfyL{ C.C.M. s=a}s'07 kf]v|]n, tfdfª df]rf{sf]
s=;dh+u tfdfªsf] klg pkl:ylt lyof] . hgtfdf xfn;Dd ;fdGtL /fHo;Qfn] u/]sf]
hftLo, If]lqo, ln+uLo nufot wfld{s, ;fdflhs zf]if0f / cTofrf/sf] lj?4 hgr]tgf
hufpg] p2]Zon] ;+rfng ul/Psf] ;f] sfo{qmddf ;a} txsf k|ltlglwx?n] cfºgf]–cfºgf]
7fp“af6 k|ltlglwd'ns dGtAo lbg' ePsf] lyof] . lhNnf :t/Lo ljwfyL{ g]tfx?
zxLb s=;'ldqf yfkf, s=/fs]z 9'+ufgf / s=pd/ g]kfnsf] gfdaf6 cleofgsf] gfd
æ;'/fpÆ eg]/ gfdf+sg ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm cleofgdf ;+nUg 6f]nLn] wflb+ª
lhNnfsf a'ªtfª uf=h=;=sf] uf=lj=;=ejgdf @)^!÷!÷@@ ut], ;ltb]jL uf=h=;sf] lj|r]t
df=lj=df @% ut], ;]/t'ª cGtu{t ;]/t'ªdf @( ut] / af]/fª d's/fj df=lj=df h]i7 !
ut], /L uf=h=;=sf] l/r]gdf @ ut], u'Dbf uf=h=;=sf] tfdfªvs{ df=lj=df $ ut] /
;f]xL sdf08 cGtu{t /;'jf 7'nf]ufp“df @)^!–!–@# ut] sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf
5g\ . pQm sfo{qmdx?df ljBfyL{ g]tf, tfdfª g]tf, ls;fg g]tf, wflbª lhNnfsf
lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v / nfkfnL hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf] ljz]if ;xeflutf /x]sf]
lyof] . dGtAo lbg] qmddf c=g]=/f=:j=lj=o"=-qmflGtsf/L_sf s]=;=
s=a}s'07 kf]v|]nn] ljBfyL{x?sf] lxt k|flKt / o"ufg's'n ;+;f/nfO{ kl/jt{g
ug{] k|d'v bfloTj af]s]sf] ljBfyL{ hutn] ca ljrf/n] dfq ;z:q geO{ aGb'ssf]
gfndf l6s]sf] ;fdGtL / dfgj;Eotfs} sxfnL nfUbf] o'u ;fd|fHojfL o'usf] lj?4 ef}lts
?kn] ;z:q eO{ hgtfsf] o'4df ;fd]n x'g' kg{] ljrf/ kf]Vg' ePsf] lyof] . eg]
tf=/f=d'=df]= wflb+ª lhNnfsf cWoIf s=/fdh+u tfdfªn] tfdfªx?n] u'd]sf] cfºgf]
;Qflwsf/ k'gMk|flKtsf] nflu cfºgf] dg, dl:tisnfO{ ;z:q kfb{} s'6f], sf]bfnf],
x“l;of, v'kf{ h]–h] 5 ;f]xL lnP/ ufp“–zx/ rf/}lt/af6 o'4df pqg cfjZostf
ePsf] atfpg' eof] . sltko u|fld0f
df=lj= :t/Lo :s'ndf cWofkg/t lzIfsx?n] ;d]t dGtAo lbg' ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf
lsªtfª df=lj=sf k|wfgfcWofksn] klg xfn cfP/ hgdf;df nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] kIfdf
ljsf; x'+b} uO/x]sf] r]tgfsf] cfwf/df ;f9] b'O{ ;o aif{ k'/fgf] ;fdGtL
/fhtGqnfO{ ;d'n gi6 u/L gof“ u0ftflGqs g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f ug{] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf]
7Ls /x]sf] atfp“b} zx/df u0ftGqsf] kIfdf pln{/x]sf] o'jf cfGbf]ngnfO{
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] g]t[Tj k|bfg ug{' kg{] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] eg] nfkfnL
hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] hgtfsf] o'4åf/f ;[lht hgtfsf] /utåf/f lnlvt uLtx? dfG5]sf
cf“;' emg{] vfnsf / dgd'6'df 5'g] vfnsf sf]z]nL k:s]/ hgdfg;sf cf“vf /;fOlbPsf
lyP eg] æ1fg] vRr/, a';nfO{ af]s]/ lx+b5 gsRr/fÆ eGg] vfnsf Kof/f]8Ln] sfo{qmd
/ df;nfO{ yk pT;fxk'0f{ agfOlbPsf
lyP . – clj/n,
b'O{sf] ;kmfof, s]xL l/xf
g'jfsf]6,÷ ut a};fv # ut]
jfu]'zj/L uf=h=;= rf]ub] ahf/df ePsf] s=d's'08 clwsf/L -ljho_ / s=ab|L 9sfn
-ufp“n]_sf] xTofdf k|ToIf ;+nUg ;f]xL 7fp“sf lji0f' clwsf/L / gj/fh 9sfnnfO{
h]i7 ! ut] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] ;kmfof ul/lbPsf] 5 eg] 5fgljgsf] nflu lu/ºtf/
ul/Psf ;f]xL uf=h=;=sf 8Da/ nfld5fg], /fd axfb'/ / s[i0f axfb' tfdfªnfO{
cg';Gwfg kl5 l/xf ul/Psf] 5 . ;kmfof ul/Psf lji0f' clwsf/L /fk|kf sfo{stf{
/ gj/fh 9sfn Pdfn] sfo{stf{ lyP . lghx?n]
;b/d'sfd l:yt Ps k]z]j/ ;'/fsLnfO{ dfcf]jfbL ;DjGwL ;'/fs a'emfPkl5
a};fv # ut]sf] xTofsf08sf] 36gf 36]sf] lyof] . lghx?n] ;+s6sfn b]lv g}
;'/fsL ub{} cfPsf] s'/f l:jsf/]sf] dfcf]jfbL >f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbL sfo+{stf{sf] xTof / lu/ºtf/
g'jfsf]6,÷ tf/fbn gfds zfxL
;]gfsf] Ps lx+;|s hTyfn] olx h]i7 $ ut] lhlnª uf=h=;=df s'df/L uf=h=;= j8f g+ ^
3/ ePsf s=;'o{axfb'/ tfdfª -;'/]z_sf] sAhf kl5 xTof u/]sf 5g\ eg] s=clgtfnfO{
lu/ºtf/ u/]sf 5g\ .
hghfu/0f cleofgn] hgtf p7fof]
g'jfsf]6, ÷ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n]
ev{/}} dfq ;'? u/]sf] hghfu/0f tyf zxLb ;Ddfg cleofg, c=g]=/f=:j=lj=o"
-qmflGtsf/L_n] ;+rfng u/]sf] æ;'/fpÆ cleofg tyf ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb
g'jfsf]6 cleofg Ps} ;fy hgtfsf] b}nf]df k'u] kl5 g'jfsf]6 /;'jf /
l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf ljs6 a:tLsf hgtfx? hfu?s x'g] lbzfdf cuf8L a9L/x]sf 5g\ .
cfhef]ln hgtfx? gof“ gof“ 9+un] ;+ul7t dfq xf]Og, ljsf; lgdf{0f, ;/;kmfO{,
ag;+/If0f h:tf sfo{df h'6]sf 5g\ .
o;} qmddf /fpt]a];L uf=h=;=sf]
/fpt]a];Ldf Ps sf]0f ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;f] ;efn] j8f g+ ! df @! ;b:oLo /
j8f g+ % df &% ;b:oLo ag ;'/Iff ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L ufp“vs{
uf=h=;= j8f g+ * df @& ;b:oLo æzfN6L ag ;'/IFf ;ldltÆ, jf]nufp“df !)!
;b:oLo ægd'gf8f8f ag;'/Iff ;ldltÆ, 9f“8]df @( ;b:oLo ag ;'/IFf ;ldlt lgdf{0f
ePsf] s'/f Onfsf ;]qm]6/L s=c~hgfn] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
o;} cleofg cGtu{t e]nf, sf]0f
;ef, k|lzIf0f, dzfn h'n';, kmfol/ª h'n';, ljsf; lgdf{0f h:tf sfo{x? eO/x]sf
5g\ . o;} xKtf ufp“vs{df @ j6f sf7]k'n ;d]t lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
k|To]s ljBfnodf sIffut ljBfyL{ sld6L tyf lzIfsx?sf] ;+o'Qm lzIfs sld6Lx?
tLa|?kdf aGb} u/]sf] klg Ps dfcf]jfbL g]tfn] atfp“5g\ .
;Dklt sAhf, ef}lts sfjf{xL
l;Gw'kfNrf]s, h]i7 %÷ l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] So'n uf=h=;= j8f g+ ! sf ;'/fsL
nf]sgfy e08f/Lsf] %) d'/L wfg kmNg] v]t dfcf]jfbLn] sAhf lnPsf] 5 . ;f]
v]tdf dfcf]jfbLn] !) kfyL wfgsf] aLp ;d]t /fv]sf 5g\ . / cfkm}n] ;fd'lxs
v]lt ug{] s'/f klg pgLx?n] atfp“5g\ . lgh e08f/Ln] ;'/fsLsf] sfd u/]sf]n]
;DklQ sAhf ug{ afWo ePsf] s'/f atfOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L l;Gw'kfNrf]s} km6s l;nf
uf=h=;=sf u0f]z e08f/LnfO{ ;'/fsL pGd'v sfo{df nfUb} u/]sf]n] k'gM To:tf] sfd
gug{ r]tfjgL lbb} ;fdfGo ef}lts sfjf{xL u/]sf 5g\ .
clegGbg–kq
dxfg\ hg;d/sf cys ofqL
sd/]8x?,
Oltxf; lgdf{0fsf] qmddf hgo'4sf] lstL{dfg ag]sf] P]ltxfl;s
a]gL sf/jfxL ;Dkfbg u/]/ df]rf{df kmls{g' ePsf ;j{xf/f ju{sf cu|0fL of]4fx? † ljZj
;j{xf/f d'lQmsf nflu gfosdf bl/g' ePsf wtL{sf :kftLnf axfb'/x? † d'lQmsfdL
g]kfnL hgtfsf e/f]lznf cfzfsf s]Gb|x? † tkfO{ dxfg\ hgd'lQm ;]gfx? † tkfO{x?sf]
clåtLo Tofu, pRr anLbfgL efjgf, ct'ngLo ;fx; Pj+ t]h:jL ;f}o{tfsf] g]kfn
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ d]/L–s0ff{nL If]qLo Ao'/f] / ljz]if Ao'/f]sf]
tkm{af6 d xflb{s clegGbg k]z ub{5', nfn–;nfd 6qm\ofp“b5' .
g]kfnL cfdf pRr sf]6Lsf ;Gtfgx?,
tkfO{x?n] ;Dkfbg u/]sf] sfo{ ;u/dfyfsf] b]zaf6 ljZj d'lQmsfdL
hgtfsf nflu k|]/0ffbfoL ;Gb]z ag]sf] 5 eg] ;fdGtjfbL / ;fd|fHojfbL zQmLsf lgDtL
ah|d'Ssf ;fljt ePsf] 5 . tkfOx?n] a]gL sf/jfxLdf v]n]sf] cf]h:jL e"dLsf
o'uf}+o"u;Dd ;j{xf/f d'lQmufyfdf :jl0f{d cIf/n] s'lbg]5 .
;j{xf/f ju{sf r'gLPsf dxfg\ of}4fx?,
tkfO{x?n] b'gLof“ ;fd' km]l/ Psk6s k|df0fLt ul/lbg' ePsf] 5 .
s;/L d'lQm of]4fx?, nfn;]gfx? ;+;f/s} pGgt k|ljlw / zQmLzfnL k|tLs[ofjfbL
;]gfnfO{ w'nf] r6fP/ ckm'nfO{ ;j{>]i7 hg;]gf ;fljt ug{ ;Sb5g\ eGg]af/] .
/fhgLlts phf{, Tofu / alnbfgsf ;fdg] ;fd|fHojfbL xltof/ / k|ljlw s;/L 9f]8sf]
nf}/f] ;fljt x'G5g\ eGg] s'/f . ;fd|fHojfbL kmf]6L{lkms]zg Wj:t x'G5 / k};fsf
nflu n8\g] ef8fsf ;]gfsf] k/fho cjZo+efjL 5 eGg] tYonfO{ tkfO{n] k'gk{'i6L
ul/lbg' ePsf] 5 . dxfg\ a]gL sf/jfxLn] cfd hgk+lQmsf] ljhosf] ljZjf;nfO{ cem
b/ljnf] agfOlbPsf] 5, hgd'lQmnfO{ glhSofPsf] 5 eg] csf]{ tkm{ k|lts[ofjfbL
;QFnfO{ lj36gsf] ;+3f/df k'¥ofO{lbPsf] 5 . ;du|df P]ltxfl;s a]gL sf/jfxL hgo'4
;fd' v8f ePsf tdfd r'gf}tLx?nfO{ lrb}{ /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngaf6 k|Tofqmd0fdf
;+qmd0fsf] lglDt Ps P]ltxfl;s sf]z]9'Ëf ;fljt ePsf] 5 . efjL lbgdf klg hgd'lQm
;]gfsf] of] uf}/jnfO{ /Iff Pj+ ljsf; ug{ ;a}vfn] cg'ejx?af6 cfkm'nfO{ ;d[4 ub}{
cl3 a9\g'x'g]5 eGg] ljZjf;sf;fy k'gM xflb{s clegGbg ub{5' .
a}zfv #, @)^!
-;'/]zl;+x_
OGrfh{
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
e]/L–s0ff{nL IF]qLo
Ao'/f]±ljz]if Ao'/f]