|
jif{ !# c+s #!,
ciff9 !% , @)^! Year 13, Issue 31, June 29,
2004 |
blnt
cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf; / d'lQmsf] af6f]
lji0f'jxfb'/
ljs
æ;dfhjfbL
Joj:yf lgdf{0f ug{ ;fdy{ zlQmsf] cfjZostf 5, of] zlQm xf]– ;j{xf/f cyf{t dhb'/
ju{, ;j{xf/f ju{ k"“hLlhjL ;dfhsf] ;aeGbf blnt, ;aeGbf ;+ul7t / ;aeGbf
qmflGtsf/L ju{ xf]Æ – n]lgg
æOltxf;df
vf; vf; cj:yfdf vf; vf; df]8x? cfp“5g\, To;a]nf l7s l7s lx;fan] To;sf] dd{
a'em\g ;lsPg eg] c?a]nf hlt;'s} an u/]klg ;kmntf kfpg ;lsb}gÆ – s= k|r08
cfh ;+;f/ sDKo'6/sf] hdfgf;Dd k'lu ;Sbf klg ljZjs}
cToGt} lgis[i6td\ sn+ssf] ?kdf /x]sf] hftLo 5'jf5't k|yf cem}+ g]kfndf Ho"“sf
To"“ af“r]s} 5 . cem}+ g]kfnsf kfkLx?sf] a:g] /fhwfgLdf blntnfO{ 3/sf]
leQf;Dd / xf]6]nsf] a]~r;Dd 5'g ldNb}g . of] s'?k / lgb{oL ;+:sf/sf] z'?jft\
ef/taf6 ePsf] lyof] . klZrdaf6 kz'j:t';+u} 3'dGt] hLjg lhpb} ef/t k;]sf] af}l4s
cfo{x?n] cfbLjf;L b|la8 cfo{x?sf u0f/fHo sAhf u/L af}l4s ljwLaf6 zf;g rnfpg z'?
u/] eg] s]xL cfo{x?n] d':nLdx?sf] xdnfaf6 k/fho ef]u]/ hLjg hf]ufpg klZrd
g]kfndf k|j]z u/]sf] kfOG5 . csf]{lt/ ef/tdf /fh rnfPsf af}l4s cfo{x? dWo]
g]kfnaf6 sf7df08f}+ k|j]z u/]sf] Oltxf; 5 . nfdf] ;do kl5 af}l4s cfo{ / klZrdL
cfo{x?sf] Pstfn] ef/taf6 cfoftLt lxGb' ;“:s[lt nf]k x'“b} uof] . ef/taf6 bf;
agfP/ NofOPsf b|lj8 cfo{x?nfO{ ,bf;Laf6 hGd]sf 5f]/f 5f]/LnfO{, cfkm\gf] gLlt /
;“:s[lt gdfGg]x?nfO{, ;'b| y/sf] gfdfs/0f u/]/ bf]>f] bhf{sf] dfgj agfpg]
sfd lxGb' cfo{x? af6} eof] . cdfgjLo Aojxf/sf] lj?4 ;'b|x? n8\g yfn] kl5
;fdGtx?n] ;'b|nfO{ dfg]{, af“w]/ /fVg], s'6kL6 ug]{, cfkm\gf] lghL ;DktL ;/x
lsga]r ug]{ rng rnfP . To;sf] lj?4df 7'N7'nf ljb|f]x ;'b|x?af6 eP kl5 lxGb'
cfo{x?n] emg\ lgd{d sfg'g agfP/ c5't 3f]if0ff u/]af6 klg ;'b|n] ljb|f]x u/]sf]
k'li6 x'G5 . c5'tx?nfO{ ufp“af6 6f9f a;fNg], le/kfvf, vf]nf, gbLsf] lsgf/df
a;fNg], cToGt} s8f sfd dfq ug'{ kg]{ afWotf lxGb' zf;sn] agfOlbof] . c5't
hfltnfO{ k9\g n]Vg, /fhgLlt ug{, cfo cfh{g ug{, ;fdflhs, ;f“:s[lts ?kdf k|ltaGw
nufP/ cnUu} k|sf/sf] Aojxf/ ul/of] . kl/l:yltsf] kmfObf p7fP/ blnt hfltnfO{
s]jn zf;sx?n] cfkm\gf] ;]jf, rfs/Ldf k|of]u u/] .
ljut b]lv
jt{dfg ;Ddsf] blntx?sf] bogLo cj:yf, Go"g r]tgf, bAa' dfgl;stf, ul/aLn]
:ki6 u/fp“b5 ls lxGb' cfo{x?n] blntdfly sltsf] cTofrf/ yf]k/]sf] /x]5 eGg] s'/f
. hftLo pTkL8gsf lj?4 xf];\, of ;fdflhs pTkL8gsf lj?4 xf];\, of k|s[lt;+usf]
;+3if{df xf];\ blntx?n] 7'n7'nf n8f“O{x? n8\b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ . cfh lt Oltxf;sf
lgdf{tf blntx?sf] Oltxf; vf]Hbf st} e]l6b}g . t/ s]jn k/lhjL ;fdGtx?sf]
u'0fufgsf 7]nLx? dfq e]l6g] ub{5g\ . /ftlbg >d ug]{n] vfg, nufpg gkfpg',
9'Ëf, df6f];+u} hLjg ljtfpg]n] 3/, hUufsf] dflns aGg} gkfpg' of] s:tf] la8Djgf
† s]jn n'6/fx?n] d}+ vfp“, d} nfp“df df]h d:tL ug{ kfpg' ;fdGtL ;Qfsf] cfbz{ g}
ag]sf] 5 . Oltxf;sfn b]lv s]jn b'O{j6f kfv'/f afx]s cfkm\gf] lghL ;DktLsf]
gfddf c? s]xL gePsf] P]ltxfl;s ;j{xf/f ju{ g} blnt ;d'bfo xf] .
cfkm'dfly
sf]kl6Psf cTofrf/sf sf“8fx?nfO{ sRofs\ s'r'Ss kfg]{ nIo;Dd blnt
cfGbf]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]]ng k'Ug ;s]gg\ . h;n] cfGbf]ngsf]]]]]]]]]]]] g]t[Tj
u¥of], To;} JolQmnfO{ 6kSs} l6k]/ s]xL ;'ljwf lbP/, s]xL ;'wf/sf sfd lbP/
g]t[TjnfO{ xRofpg] if8\oGqs] v]n lxGb' cfo{ ;fdGtn] ul//x] . c;+ul7t ?kdf ePsf
ljb|f]xnfO{ dTy/ kf/]/ blnt ;d'bfonfO{ ;bfsf] nflu bf; agfpg] b':;fxf; u/] .
k6s k6s ePsf ljb|f]xx?n] clGtd nIo;Dd k'Ug] cj;/ gkfP kl5 ;dfh;+usf] ;+3if{n]
cjZo g} gof“ ?k lng} kb{Yof] / lnof] klg . cGttM ;dfh / k|s[lt;+usf] ;+3if{af6
g} gof“ gof“ lrhsf] hGd x'g] ePsf]n] gof“ r]tgf, gof“ snf;+u} gof“ Pstfsf ;fy ;+ul7t
/ 7'nf] cfGbf]ng ug'{ kg]{ r]tgfsf] ljsf; x'“b} uof] . kLl8t hgtfsf lk/ dsf{x?
s'l07t x'“b} hf“bf s'g} lbg ljikmf]6
eP/ ljb|f]xsf] ?kwf/0f ub{5g\ . ljikmf]l6t ljb|f]xL cfjfhx?n] lgsf; gkfp“bf
emg\ ;zQm / cfd ljb|f]xsf] ?k wf/0f
u/]/ k|lts[ofjfbL ;QfnfO{ v/fgL kf/]/ hgtfn] cfkm\gf] xftdf ;QF lnPsf pbfx/0f
ljZjdf y'k|} 5g\ . k':tf}+ k':tf b]lv lxGb" ;fdfGtL lg/ª\s'ztfaf6 t8\lkPsf
g]kfnL blnt ;d'bfon] c;+ul7t ?kdf / ;+ul7t ?kdf ;fdGtL lxGb' cx+sf/jfbsf lj?4df
u/]sf blnt cfGbf]ngnfO{ lgofnf}+ . ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L / cg';Gwfgsf] cefjsf aLraf6
s]xL ;To tYo kl5Nnf cfGbf]ngx? o;k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\–
la=;+=
@))) ;fndf klxnf] k6s afUn'Ë lgjf;L eut ;j{hLt\ ljZjsdf{n] / nIdL gf/fo0f
ljZjsdf{n] dxfef/t, /fdfo0f k9\g, k'hfkf7 ug{, ?b|L, syf nufpg kfpg' k5{ eg]/
cfGbf]ng u/]sf lyP .
la=;+=
@))$ ;fndf k|yd k6s ;+ul7t eP/ afUn'Ë lhNnfdf eut ;j{hLt ljZjsdf{n] æ;j{hË ;+3Æ
gfds ;+u7g vf]n]/ hftLo 5'jf5't k|yfsf] lj?4 ;+3if{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . lj=;+= @))$
;fndf g} ;xif{gfy skfnLn] sf7df08f}+df æ6]n/ o'lgogÆ vf]n] . of] g} g]kfnsf]
/fhwfgLdf vf]lnPsf] k|yd blntx?sf] ;+u7g xf] . ;f]xL ;fndf g} hfb'jL/
ljZjsdf{n] sf]zL c+rnsf] ;'g;/L lhNnfdf ælgDg ;dfh ;'wf/ ;+3Æ u7g u/]sf lyP .
lj=;+=
@))& ;fndf l6sf/fd kfls{sf] g]t[Tjdf 8f]6Lsf] z}n]Zj/L dGbL/ k|j]z ;+3if{
eof] . of] g} g]kfndf ePsf] klxnf] ;+3if{ lyof] . @))* ;fndf æ6]n/ o'lgog /
lgDg ;dfh ;'wf/ ;+3Æsf] Pstf u/]/ æhftLo tf]8 d08nÆ sf] :yfkgf ul/of] . @))(
;fndf ;xif{gfy skfnLsf] g]t[Tjdf sf7df08f}+df æ;dfh ;'wf/ ;+3Æ sf] :yfkgf u/L
sf7df08f}+sf] ljh]Zj/Ldf blnt 5fqfjf;sf] :yfkgfsf] nfuL ;+3if{ ePsf] lyof] .
@)!! ;fndf u0f]z of]uLsf] ;lqmotf / ;xif{gfy skfnLsf] g]t[Tjdf kz'ktLgfy dGbL/
k|j]z cfGbf]ng eof] . To; cfGbf]ngn] kz'ktLgfy cufl8 /flvPsf] blnt hftL k|j]z
lgif]w ;fO{gjf]8{ x6fP/ blnt ;d'bfosf] nflu dGbL/ k|j]z v'nf u/]sf] lyof] .
lj=;+=
@)!@ ;fndf c5't dlxnfx?sf] lxt ug]{ p2]Zon] ld7fO{ b]jL ljZjsdf{sf] g]t[Tjdf
sf7df08f}+df ækl/ul0ft gf/L ;+3Æ sf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . @)!$ ;fndf ;xif{gfy
skfnLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf æg]kfn /fli6«o kl/ul0ft\ ;+3Æ vf]lnPsf] lyof] . o;} ;fndf
rGb|axfb'/ lj=s=sf] g]t[Tjdf aGbLk'/df æg]kfn xl/hg\ ;+3Æ vf]lnof] . o; ;+u7gn]
/fhf lj/f]wL eb| cj1f cfGbf]]ng rnfPsf] kfOG5 . @)!$ ;fnd} lx/fnfn ljZjsdf{, l6=cf/ ljZjsdf{ / l/knfn lj=s=n]
æg]kfn /fli6« kl/ul0ft kl/ifb\Æsf] :yfkgf u/] .
la=;+=
@)!% ;fndf æg]kfn /fli6«o kl/ul0ft kl/ifb\n]Æ gfd abn]/ æ/fli6«o c5't
kl/ifb\Æsf] gfdn] lrlgof] . pQm Pstf ug]{ ;+u7gx?df kl/ul0ft gf/L ;+3 / g]kfn
/fli6«o kl/ul0ft kl/ifb\ lyP . ;f]xL @)!% ;fnsf] cfd lgjf{rg kl5 ag]sf] ;+;bsf]
/fli6«o ;efdf ;xif{gfy skfnL /fhfaf6 /fli6«o ;efdf dgf]lgt eP . logL g} g]kfnsf
klxnf] blnt ;f+;b x'g\ .
@)!*
;fndf /fli6«o c5't d'lQm kl/ifb\n] hftLo 5'jf5't cGt xf];= eg]/ /fhf dx]Gb|nfO{
Ps :d[lt–kq k]z u/]kl5 /fhfaf6 kl/ul0ft 5fqjf; lgdf{0ffy{ ? @%,))) rGbf k|fKt
ePsf] lyof] . o;} ;fndf ?knfn ljZjsdf{n] tfg;]gdf æljZjsdf{ ;+3Æ vf]n]/ uf]ns/
;+3if{ u/]sf] kfOG5 . @)!( ;fndf g]kfnsf] ;/sf/n] æg]kfn /fli6«o kl/ul0ft
kl/ifb\nfO{ btf{ u/]sf] klg kfOG5 . o;}u/L @)@) ;fndf ;'b'/ klZrdsf] tTsfnLg
h'Dnf -xfn sfnLsf]6_ lhNnf dfNsf]6 lgjf;L uf]s'n lj=s=, s/lj/ lj=s=n] ljjfxdf
8f]nf rnfpg kfpg' k5{ eg]/ ;+3if{ u/] . ufp“sf vf]n] /fhf egfp“bfx?n] OGsf/
u/]kl5sf] ;+3if{df h'Dnf cbfntdf d'2f rnfO{ nfdf] ;+3if{ kl5 ljhoL eP/ 8f]nf
rnfPsf lyP . of] c;+ul7t ?kdf rn]sf] cfGbf]ng lyof] .
@)@!
;fndf kb\d ;'Gbf; / nfns'df/L ljZjsdf{sf] g]t[Tjdf ef]hk'/sf] l;4sfnL dGbL/
k|j]z ;+3if{ ePsf lyP . To;kl5 @)@$ ;fndf æg]kfn /fli6«o blnt hgljsf;
kl/ifb\Æsf] :yfkgf eof] . h;sf] dxf;lrj lx/fnfn ljZjsdf{nfO{ rog u¥of] .
blntx?sf ;+u7gsf] nfdf] ;+3if{ kl5 @)@% ;fndf sf7df08f}+sf] ljh]Zj/Ldf blnt
5fqfjf;sf] :yfkgf ul/of] . @)@^ ;fndf g]kfn /fli6«o blnt hgljsf; kl/ifb\sf g]tf
lx/fnfn ljZjsdf{nfO{ /fhfn] /f=k+=;= df dgf]lgt u/] .
lj=;+=
@)@( ;fndf l6=cf/= ljZjsdf{, df]xgnfn skfnLsf] cfof]hgfdf g]kfn /fli6«o blnt
hgljsf; kl/ifb\sf] sf7df08f}+df klxnf] /fli6«o e]nf u/L 6L=cf/= ljZjsdf{
dxf;lrj ag] . To;kl5 pgn] klxnf] k6s k+rfotL ;/sf/;+u cf/If0fsf] dfu
/fv] . To;kl5 @)#) ;fntL/ l6=cf/= ljZjsdf{nfO{ /fhfn] /f=k+=;= df dgf]lgt ul/
blnt cfGbf]ngsf] 6';f lgdf]7\g] sfd ;fdGtL zf;saf6 dfq ePg ;fdGtL ;QFsf]
h'7f]k'/f]df /dfpg] / ;d:t blnt ;d'bfosf kL+8f dfly v]njf8 ug]{ sfd :jod\ g}
;fdlGt blnt g]tfx?af6 eof] .
o;}u/L @)#@ ;fndf ;+s/ skfnLsf] g]t[Tjdf
kfNkfsf] x'ldg\ ufp“df æx'ldg ;+3Æ vf]lnof] . @)#% ;fnsf] r}q @& ut]
sDo'lgi6 ePsf] cf/f]kdf Onfdsf /Tg s'df/ jfGtjfnfO[{ k+rfotL ;/sf/n] lgd{dtf
k"j{s xTof u¥of] . @)#^ ;fn sflt{s !% ut] tTsflng k+rfotL d08n] k|=d=
;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] u/fPsf] wgs'6fsf] l5GtfË xTofsf08 Oltxf;df slxNo}
gljl;{g] xTofsf08 lyof] . sDo'lgi6 eP/ k+rfotL lg/ª\s'ztfsf] ;dy{g gu/]sf]
cf/f]kdf uf]kfn cfgGb /fO{, /0fWjh /fO{, u+uaxfb'/ /fO{, nv\dfg /fO{, e}/j
/fO{, k'gdfg /fO{, emu]Gb| /fO{, lz/dfof /fO{ -s'6]/ ( dlxg] ue{ktg u/fP_,
s]z/dfg /fO{, anaxfb'/ vqL, uDeL/dfg blh{, rGb|axfb'/ blh{, 6+s lj=s=,
u0f]zaxfb'/ lj=s=, wgjL/ blh{ u/L hghflt / blnt o'jfx?sf] lgd{d xTof eof] .
@)#^ ;fndf g} sf7df08f}+sf s]xL blntx? ldn]/ æ;dfh ;'wf/ d~rÆ gfds ;+u7gsf] klg
:yfkgf u/]sf] kfO{G5 .
@)#$ ;fndf g]kfn blnt hgljsf; kl/ifb\Æ
gfds ;+u7gsf] gfdaf6 blnt zAb x6fO{ æg]kfn hgljsf; kl/ifb\Æ gfd /fvL To;}nfO{
lxGb' ;fdGtL ;QFsf] rfs8Ljfhsf] ?kdf csf]{ gfd æ;fdflhs ;]jf ;dGjo kl/ifb\Æ
eGg] gfdaf6 btf{ ul/of] . To;kl5 o;} ;fndf lx/fnfn ljZjsdf{nfO{ /fhfn] k'gM
/f=k+= ;= df dgf]lgt u/L lzIff ;xfos dGqL ag] . lxGb' ;fdGtL zf;sx?n] rfs8L /
;]jf u/] jfkt vnf]sf] ?kdf ;xfos kGqL kbdf k'Ug] k|yd blnt log} x'g\ .
@)#& ;fndf sf]zL c+rnnsf] df]/Ëdf
æk5f}6] hflt ;'wf/ ;+3Æ btf{ u/fPsf] lyof] . o;} ;fnsf] kf}if d;fGtdf ;xif{gfy
skfnLsf] d[To' eof] . o;}u/L @)#* ;fndf clt lk5l8Psf] hgljsf; kl/ifb\sf] :yfkgf
ePsf] klg kfOG5 .
@)#* ;fndf l6sf/fd sfsL{sf] cWoIftfdf
æ/fli6«o ;dfh sNof0f ;+3Æ sf] lj?4 æg]kfn /fli6«o blnt hgljsf; kl/ifb\Æsf] u7g
ePsf] lyof] . blntx? ;+ul7t x'“b} / cfGbf]lnt x'“b} uP kl5 km]/L lxGb'
;fdGtjfbn] csf]{ if8\oGqsf] hfn ;fdGtL blnt g]tfx? dfly kmfNg z'? u¥of] . h;sf]
kl/0ffd\ :j?k lx/fnfn ljZjsdf{sf h'jfO{+ 6]saxfb'/ ljZjsdf{nfO{ @)$# ;fndf
/fhfn] /f=k+=;= df dgf]lgt u/] . logn] klg dflnssf] ;]jf u/] jfkt ;fdGtn]
y's]sf] Ps yf]kf y's rf6\g] ;'gf}nf] cj;/ e]6fP .
@)$$ ;fndf d]3axfb'/ lj=s=sf] cWoIftfdf
sf7df08f}+df æpTkLl8t hftLo lje]b pGd'ng d+rÆsf] :yfkgf eof] . t/, ToxL ;fndf
pQm ;+u7gsf] ljno ePsf] kfOG5 . @)$% ;fndf g]=s=kf=-d;fn_ ;dy{s /fh]z lj=s=sf]
g]t[Tjdf æhftLo ;dtf ;dfhÆsf] :yfkgf eof] . ;f]xL @)$% ;fn d} sf7df08f}+df uf]N5]
;fsL{sf] g]t[Tjdf æpTkLl8t hftLo pTyfg d+rÆsf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] eg] @)$^
;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng kl5 emfkfdf æg]kfn /fli6«o blnt d'lQm df]rf{Æsf] klg u7g
ePsf] kfOG5 . @)$& ;fnsf] slyt ;+ljwfgsf] lj?4 @)$& ;fnd} æg]kfn
/fli6«o blnt hgljsf; kl/ifb\Æn] lrtjgdf ljzfn lj/f]w k|bz{g u/]sf] lyof] . o;}
;fndf æ/fli6«o ;dfh sNof0f ;+3Æ gfds ;+:yfsf] u7g u/L g]kfnL sf“u|];sf]
;]jfrfs/L ug{ z'? u/]sf] lyof] . o;} ;fndf ?kGb]xL lhNnfdf æg]kfn pTkLl8t
hghftL df]rf{Æsf] u7g eof] eg] sf7df08f}+ d} u7g ePsf] æ5'jf5't d'lQm ;dfhÆ klg
cl:tTjdf cfof] . o;} ;fnsf] cGtlt/ æpTkLl8t hftLo pTyfg d+rÆ leq æ5'jf5't d'lQm
;dfhÆ PsLs[t x'g k'Uof] .
o;}u/L @)$( ;fnsf] efb|df æg]kfn /fli6«o
blnt hgljsf; kl/ifb\Æ / hftLo ;dtf ;dfh, aLr Pstf eof] . h;sf] gfd g]=/f=b=h=k=
g} /flvof] . o; ;+u7gsf] g]t[Tj ld7fO{ b]jL ljZjsdf{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;}
;fndf g]=/f=h=k= / pTkLl8t hftLo pTyfg d+r aLr Pstf eof] . @)$( ;fnsf] r}q
& ut] kb\dnfn lj=s=sf] cWoIftfdf æg]kfn pTkLl8t blnt hftLo d'lQm ;dfhÆsf]
:yfkgf eof] . ;f]xL ;fndf lxGb' ;fdGtjfbsf n7}t blnt g]tfx?n] lxGb' /fhtGqsf]
eQm kf6L{ /f=k|=kf= ;dy{s blnt ;+u7gsf] gfddf æ/fli6«o k|hftflGqs pk]lIft pTyfg
d+rÆ sf] u7g u/]sf lyP .
@)$( ;fnd} klxn] lg:s[o /x]sf] æg]kfn
/fli6«o hgljsf; kl/ifb\, uf]N5] ;fsL{sf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] æpTkLl8t hftLo pTyfg
d+rÆ / k|]d g]kfnLsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] æhftLo ;dtf ;dfhÆsf] ;+o'Qm e]nf lrtjgdf
;DkGg eof] . pQm e]nfn] tLgj6} ;+u7g aLr Pstf u/]/ kb\dnfn ljZjsdf{sf]
cWoIftfdf æg]kfn pTkLl8t blnt hflto d'lQm ;dfhÆ gfdfs/0f u¥of] . e]nfsf]
lg0f{ofg';f/ kf“rj6} ljsf; If]qdf ;DejtM blnt cfGbf]]ngsf] klxnf] k6s ljzfn
¥ofnL / cfd;efx? eP . @)%) ;fndf æd'lQm ;dfhsf] g]t[Tjdf lrtjgdf / :ofª\hfdf
b'w ;+3if{ ug]{ sfd eof] . d'lQm ;dfhs} g]t[Tjdf @)%! ;fndf :ofª\hfsf] huqb]jL
dGbL/ k|j]z, l;Gw'kfNrf]sdf …kfgL p3fpÚ ;+3if{ eof] .
@)%! ;fn kmfu'g !,@ / # ut] a'6jndf Pstf
/fli6«o k|yd ;Dd]ng ;DkGg eof] . h;sf] cWoIfdf kb\dnfn ljZjsdf{ lgjf{lrt
x'g'eof] . @)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] dxfg\ tyf uf}/jzfnL kf6L{
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] P]ltxfl;s hgo'4sf] z+v3f]if u¥of] . pQm dxfg\ pb\3f]ifaf6
cQflnPsf] ;fdGtL ;/sf/n] kmfu'g !$ ut] uf]/vfdf P3f/ aifL{o blnt ljBfyL{
lbnaxfb'/ /Dt]nsf] lgd{dtf k"j{s xTof ug{ k'Uof] . jxf“ g]kfnL e"lddf
dxfg\ hgo'4 ;+rfng kl5 blnt ;d'bfoaf6 hgo'4s} k|yd ;lxb aGg'eof] . @)%#
c;f]hdfdf æg]kfn pTkLl8t blnt hftLo d'lQm ;dfhÆsf] k|yd sfnLsf]6 lhNnf e]nf
;DkGg eof] . cWoIfdf lji0f'axfb'/ lj=s= r'lgg' eof] . e]nfn] lnPsf P]ltxfl;s
lg0f{ofg';f/ lhNnf ;“:s[ltsf] kl/jf/ u7g u/]/ sfnLsf]6 lhNnf e/L k'/fgf]
;f+:s[ltsf] e08fkmf]/ sfo{qmd / blnt ;d'bfonfO{ Aofks ;+ul7t ug]{ sfd eof] . ;fy}
xln, 8f]nL, af“b], a]7a]uf/L h:tf k|yfsf] lj?4 ;+3if{ u¥of] . dfNsf]6sf] b]x]8'
dGbL/ k|j]z ;+3if{, bz}+ ;+3if{ u¥of] .
d'lQm ;dfhs} g]t[Tjdf sf]6jf8fdf
xln, 8f]nL k|yfsf] lj?4df 7'nf] em8k eof] . s}of}+ s'l6P, d'2f rNof] . cGtdf
blnt ;d'bfon] ljho u/]/} 5f8] . @)%$ ;fn r}q @^ ut] sflnsf]6 lhNnfsf] dfNsf]6
ljrn8f“8fdf zfxL hNnfbsf !@ hgf ;z:q k|x/Lx? / dfNsf]6jf;L blnt dlxnfx? aLr
7'nf] n8fO{ z'? eof] . ;z:q k|x/Lx?sf] uf]nLaf6 ;j{;fwf/0f dlxnf uf]/Lsnf
lj=s=, Kofp“snf lj=s=, ljh;/f lj=s=, dg;/f lj=s=, k'gf lj=s= / /fO{n] lj=s= zVt
3fOt] ePkl5 cfqmf]lzt lgz:q eL8n] 9'Ëf, df6f], nf7L, xl;of, sf]bfnLx?n]
xTof/fx?nfO{ jiff{P kl5 xTof/fx? efu] . pQm cfqmf]lzt eL8n] nv]6]/
Ro"l/d]nfdf k'¥ofP/ kl5 cf]8f/df n'Sg k;]sf] b'ZdgnfO{ 9'Ëf, df6f], v/
k|of]u u/]/ @ hgf k|x/LnfO{ df/LlbP, ;ft hgf 3fO{t] eP . hgtfn] Pp6f /fO{kmn @
bh{g uf]nLx? sAhf u/] . b'Zdgsf] uf]nLaf6 sf]6af8fsf sfnLaxfb'/ ljssf] zfxbt
eof] . of] blnt Oltxf;s} dxfg\ dxTjsf] lslt{dfg ePsf] 5 .
@)%% ;fn kmfu'g !–# ut] ;Dd ePsf] g]kfn
pTkLl8t blnt hftLo d'lQm ;dfhsf] bf]>f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf
sf7df08f}df eof] . s]lx g]tfx?sf] blIf0fk+yL cj;/jfb / lxGb' ;fdfGtL rl/qsf
sf/0f ljjfb rls{g k'Uof], cfvL/ d'lQm ;dfh km6]/ # j6f wf/ lnP/ # 6'qmf aGg
k'Uof]] . lt wf/x? lgDg /x]sf 5g\ M–
!_
qmflGtsf/L wf/ M– cfTd;'/IffjfbL, oyfl:ytLjfbL / blIf0fk+yL ;+zf]wgjfbL
g]t[Tjsf lj?4 cfd"n kl/jt{gsf/L blnt g]tf, sfo{stf{x?n] ;ft ;'qLo k|:tfj
/fv]/ lab|f]x u/] kl5 @)%% ;fns} kmu'g $ ut] sf7df8f}df ;Gtf]ifL ljZjsdf{sf]
;+of]hsTjdf lalwat?kdf æg]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ æ sf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] .
@_
oyfl:ytLjfbL wf/sf] g]t[Tj u/]/ kbdnfn ljZjsdf{n] g]kfn pTkLl8t blnt hftLo
d'lQm ;dfhsf] u7g u/] .
#_
cfTd;'/IffjfbL, / blIf0fk+yL ;+zf]wgjfbL wf/sf] g]t[Tj u/]/ 5ljnfn lj=s=n]
g]kfn pTkLl8t hftLo d'lQm ;dfhsf] u7g u/]/ P=df=n] kf6L{sf] k'R5/ ;fdfTg] sfd
u/] . cfd"n kl/jt{gsf/L ljrf/ af6 n}; g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf] u7g /
e]nf kl5 g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{n] b]z}e/L Jofks ?kkdf blnt ;d'bfonfO{ ;+ul7t
ug]{ sfd u¥of] . @)%^ ;fn r}qdf g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{n] klZrd g]kfnsf]
tTsfnLg s0ff{nL pkIf]qLo k|yd e]nf c5fdsf] dfgfsf]6df ;DkGg u/L gljg s'df/
lj=s=sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+3{ifsf sfo{qmdx?sf] to ul/of] .
@)%& ;fn kf}ifdf tTsfnLg
e]/L–s0ff{nL pkIf]lqo bf]>f] e]nf b}n]vsf] /fgLagdf ;DkGg eof] . pSt e]nfn]
lji0f'axfb'/ ljsnfO{ cWoIfdf rog u¥of]
. To; kl5 e]nfn] lnPsf lg0f{ocg';f/ df3 !& / !* ut] h'Dnf±sflnsf]6±d'u'
lhNnfsf] k|yd e]nf dft{8Ldf ;DkGg eof] / cWoIfdf lai0f' axfb'/ lj=s nfO{ rog u¥of] . @)%* ;fn h]i7 !% /!^ ut] e]/L
s0ff{nL If]qLo t]>f] e]nf h'Dnf lhNnfsf] kfy/vf]nfdf ;DkGg eof] . h;sf]
cWoIfdf lai0f'axfb'/ lj=s= lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] lyof] . pQm e]nfn] lnPsf
lg0f{ofg';f/ If]q el/sf !@ j6f lhNnfx?sf æcu|ufdL sbd cleofgæ ;+rfng ul/of] .
To;n] e]/L–s0ff{nLsf blnt ;d'bfonfO{ Aofks?kdf g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{df
uf]naGb u/fP/ hftLo d'lQm cfGbf]ngdf efu lng] sfd u/fof] . h'Dnf ± sflnsf]6sf]
k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ng @)%* c;f]h !* / !( ut] ;DkGg e} cd[t s'df/ ;fls{nfO{ cWoIfdf
lgjf{lrt u/]sf] lyof] .
)%* ;fn ;fpgdf g]kfn blnt d'lQm
df]rf{sf] cfof]hgfdf / ;dGt] kl/of/sf] g]t[Tjdf r'ln dlGb/ k|j]z ;+3if{ ePsf]
lyof] eg] ;f]xL ;fnsf] sflt{s ( ut] nfnaxfb'/ ;fsL{sf] g]t[Tdf h'Dnfsf] k|lz4
dlGb/ sgsf;'Gb\/L dlGb/ k|j]z ;+3if{ ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . @)%$
;fndf b}n]vsf] laGb|fjfl;gLdf sfnL lj=s=sf] dnfddf ;+v ahfPsf] sf/0f dflyNnf]
hflt egfp“bfx?af6 ;+v ahfpg glbP kl5 7"nf] ´8k eof] . ;f]xL ;fndf b}n]v
lhNnfsf] ?d uf=h=;=df ef]6] ljZjsdf{sf] dnfdL dfly z+v ahfPs} sf/0f 7"nf]
xfgyfk eof], ltg lbg ;Dd d'bf{ To;} /f]lsof] . cGtdf blntx?n] z+v ahfP/} 5f8],
of] :jt:km"t{ ePsf] lab|f]xsf]
Pp6f l´Nsf] lyof] .
@)%* ;fn sflt{s !*–@) ut] ltg lbg ;Dd
lrtjg lhNnfdf P]ltxfl;s ?kdf g]kfn blnt d'lQmdf]rf{sf] bf]>f] /fli6«o e]nf
;DkGg eof] . g]kfnsf lq;l§ lhNnf / k|jf;af6 k|ltlglw ko{a]Ifsx?sf] pkl:ytL
/x]sf] pQm e]nfn] s=ltns kl/of/sf] cWoIftfdf pgGrfnL; ;b;Lo s]lGb|o ;ldltsf]
rog u/]sf] lyof] . pQm e]nfn] lnPsf b'/ufdL lg0f{ox? lgDg k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\ M–
s_
hftLo e]befj / 5'jf5't k|yfnfO{ pGTo
ug]{ / ;a} If]qdf ;dfgclwsf/ nfu' ug]{,
v_
hftLo 5'jf5't / e]befjnfO{ ’;fdflhs ck/fw’ 3f]if0ff ug]{, ;fdflhs ck/fw
ug]{nfO{ k|s[lt cg';f/ s8f sfjf{xL ug]{ ,
u_
;Qfsf] ;Dk"0f{ lgsfox?sf ljz]ifflwsf/ nfu' ug]{,
3_
/fli6«otfsf] cfwf/df ;+o'Qmdf]rf{ lgdf{0f u/L ;+3if{ ug]{ .
ª_ blnt
d'lQm cfGbf]ngnfO{ auL{o d'lQm cfGbf]ng;+u ;dfof]hg ug]{ .
r_ blnt
hfltnfO{ P]ltxfl;s ;j{xf/f au{ / g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{nfO{ /fhg}lts df]rf{
ePsf] AofVof u¥of] .
5_ b]z}
e/L ;+ul7t ;b:o ;+Vof la; nfv k'¥ofpg] cfbL .
@)%* ;fn d+l;/ P3f/ ut] af6 d'n'sdf
;+s6sfn nfu' u/]/ g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ dfly k|ltlqmofjfbL ;/sf/n] k|ltaGw nufof]
. @)%( ;fn a}zfv !% ut] d'lQm df]rf{sf s]lGb|o dxf;lrj s=k|]d a/fO{nLsf] sfe|]
/ l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] l;dfgf 9f8\vf]nfdf lu/km\tf/ u/] kl5 zfxL ;]gfn]
lgd{Dtfk"j{s xTof u¥of] . o;}
;fndf d'lQm df]rf{sf s]lGb|o ;b:o Ko'7fgsf s=z+s/ bnf{dL / nDh'ª lgjf;L an
axfb'/ ljsnfO{ klg zfxL hNnfbx?n] xTof u/]sf lyP .
@)^) ;fn h]7sf] cGtlt/ s]lGb|o ;ldltsf]
a}7s ;'v]{tdf a:of] . ;f] a}7ssf] lg0f{og';f/ b]z} el/sf k|zf;g sfof{nodf /
s]Gb|df k|wfgd+qLsf] sfo{nodf dfukq a'´fpg] sfd ;DkGg eof] . s]lGb|o cWoIf
s=ltns kl/of/ dfkm{t a'´fO{Psf] s]Gb|sf] 1fkgkq / sf7df08f}df ul/Psf] cGt/lqmof
/ ljrf/uf]li7x? pNn]vgLo /x]sf] 5 . xfn ;Dd b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfx?df Aofks
cGt/lqmof , ;xef]hx?, cGt/hftLo ljjfxx?, dlGb/ k|j]z , 5'jf5't d'Qm ufp“
lgdf{0f u/]/ blnt ;d'bfonfO{ ;dfg?kdf af“Rg kfpg] s'/fsf] k'li6 ul/lbPsf] 5 .
@)^) ;fn r}q @!–@# ut] ;Dd a;]sf] g]kfn
blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf] s]lGb|o ;rjfnosf] a}7s e]sdf a:of] . pQm P]ltxfl;s a}7sn]
b]z} el/sf] blnt cfGbf]ngsf] d"Nofªsg u¥of] . u|fdL0f O{nfsfdf &%=÷=
hftLo 5'jf5't x6]sf], u'0ffTds ultaf6 d'lQm df]rf{ blnt a:tL nufot b]zdf :yflkt
ePsf] / wSsfd"ns 9+uaf6 hfg] nufot ljljw lg0f{ox?df k'Uof] . @)^! ;fn h]7 @) ut] g]kfnaGbsf] 3f]if0ff
u¥of] . of] blnt ;+u7gsf] klxnf] / P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf] /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL blnt cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;nfO{
ljleGg ;dodf ljleGg ?k wf/0f u/]sf blnt g]tfx?n] ljleGg lsl;dsf blnt ;+u7g
vf]n]sf] b]lvG5 . lt ;+u7gx?sf] g]t[Tjsf] cToGt} lgr :jfy{ k"lt{sf]
pb]Zon] ljleGg lsl;dsf] ;+u7gsf] hGd ePsf] b]lbG5 . lxGb' s|'/{tfsf gfosx?sf]
;]jf u/]/ z'e nfe p7fpg] 3[l0ft v]ndf
;fdfGtL k|j[tL af]s]sf s]lx blnt g]tfx? nfluk/], clxn] ;Dd klg ¥ofn sf9L/x]sf
5g\ . lt blnt g]tfx?sf] oyfl:ytL d} kmls{g], uf]nrSs/jfbd} 3'Dg], 8'Nd'n]jfbd}
km“:g] / ;'wf/jfb d} /Gylgg] v/fa lrGtgsf sf/0f cGtt M lxGb';fdGtL ;Qfs} ;]jf
ub}{ hfg] ePsfn] g]kfnL blnt cfGbf]ngn] k|ult / qmflGtsf] af6f] ;dfTg ;s]g .
To;}n] xf]nf xfn ;Dd lxGb' cfo{
;+:s[ltsf] km]xf]/L v]nn] b]z dfq} r'n{'Da 8'a]g, ljZjs} ;aeGbf sn+lst b]zsf]
?kdf lrlgof] . ufp“ b]lv zx/ ;Dd / t/fO{ b]lv lxdfn ;Dd s'?k cfo{ ;+:s[ltn]
nfvf}, s/f]8f} hgtfx?nfO{ ?jfp“bf ;Dd ?jfof] . kz'eGbf tNnf] hLjg hLpg] afWo
agfof] . slyt /fhf dx/fhfx?sf] x's'dL 7fp“ p;s} n7}t, cGweQm /Ifsx?sf] a:g]
7fp“, lgod–sfg'g agfpg] / ;Qf ;+rfng ug]{ 7fp“ hf] s'?k?k lnP/ gs{sf] ?kwf/0f
ul/;s]sf] slyt /fhwfgL sf7df08f} d} rln/x]sf] hftLo 5'jf5'taf6 t8\lkPsf
sf7df08f} blntx?sf] xlautnfO{ lgofNbf ;fdfGtL lxGb' cx+sf/jfbsf] gf+uf]?k ;xh}
b]Vg ;lsG5 . c´} sf7df08f}df blntx?nfO{ s'jf, kfgL, wf/f 5'g lbOb}g / 3/, k;n
leq k:g lbOb}g . b]jL b]jtfsf dlGb/ k|j]z lgif]w ul/Psf] 5 . xf]6ndf vfgf
vf“bf, lrof gf:tf ubf{ aflx/} a;]/ vfg' kg]{ / ef“8f wf]P/ 3f]K6fpg' kg]{
afWotf tfh} 5 . blntn] hft gn'sfP ;Dd ef8fdf ;d]t sf]7f ldNb}g, laBfnodf /
5fqfjf;sf blnt ljBfyL{ k|j]zdf c3f]lift k|ltaGw nufOPsf] 5, h:t} afNdLsL SofDk;
cfbL . blnt ;'Gg] / b]Vg] ljlQs} l5l5 / b'/b'/n] l;df gf3]sf] 5 .
lxGb' ;fdfGtL ;Qfn] u/]sf lt tdfdvfn]
s's[Tox? ca slxn] ;Dd ;xg] <s|'/{ / lgis[i6td lxGb' cft+snfO{ d'sbz{s eP/
slt k':tf ;Dd ;xg] < lxGb' cfttfoLx?sf] cuf8L slt o'u ;Dd cfTd;dk{0f ug]{
< lxGb' ;fdGtL cfo{x?sf] ;fdflhs kz'sf] ?kdf slt lbg jf“Rg] < ljz]if u/]/
zxl/of, k9]n]v]sf, a'l4hLjL / g]tf sxlnPsf blntx?n] ca gof“ 9+uaf6 ;f]Rg]} kb{5
hf] l9nf] e};s]sf] 5 . lxGb' ;fdfGtL x'ltxf/fx?sf] h'7f]k'/f]df /dfo/ ;f¶L nfv
blntx?sf] eljio dfyL v]njf8 ug{ ca Oltxf;n] 5'6 lbg] 5}g . b]zL ljb]zL
hglj/f]wL vngfosx? hgtfs} xftaf6 l6s6 sf6]sf] Oltxf; ;f5L 5 . ufp“sf O{dfGb/ /
>dhLjL hgtfnfO{ kfv], Yofªr] eg]/ x]nfxf]rf] ub}{ cfPsf zxl/ofx?sf]
cfkm" :jR5 ePsf] :jfª w'nf]df ldln ;Sof] . u|dL0f hgtfn] u/]sf] Tofu,
tk:of, / jlnbfgsf] xhf/f} ufp“x? hftLo 5'jf5'taf6 d'Qm e};s] lt kfv], Yofªr]
elgg] ;d'bfo d'Qm O{nfsf ag]/ qmflGtsf t'kmfgL s]Gb| / cfwf/ O{nfsf alg;s]sf
5g\ . blnt ;d'bfo cfh @! cf} ztfAbLsf] hgjfbL ;Qfsf dflns ag]/ hftLo 5'jf5'tsf]
;d:ofaf6 d'lQmsf] ;f; km]l//x]sf 5g\ .
dxfg hgo'4n] u'0ffTds ljsf; ub}{ hf“bf
5f]6} ;dodf hftLo 5'jf5't / e]befj t s] cGt/hftLo ljjfx u/]/ u|fdL0f
o'jfo"jtLx? ;Ddflgt hLag lhpg yfn]sf 5g\ . lo pbfx/0fLo lslt{dfgaf6 zxl/of
blnt g]tfx?n] gof“ kf7 l;Sg} kb{5 . pTkLl8t hfltsf] d'lQmsf] lgldQ nl8x/]sf]
cfd"n kl/jt{gsf/L /fhg}lts df]rf{ g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{;+u Psfsf/ eP/
;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL aGg] cf“6 u/f} . xfdL k"j{–klZrd, pQ/–blIf0f
htf a;]klg lxGb' ;fdGtL ;Qfaf6 ef]Sg'
kg]{ lk/dsf{, b' Mv, si6 Pp6} ePsfn] Tof] d'Vo b'Zdgsf] ;a{gf;sf] nfuL lsg Pp6}
df]rf{df gcfpg] < xfdLn] sfo{ut Pstf jf ;+u7gfTds Pstf lsg gug]{ <
/fdfo0f / a]b k9\g kfpg' kb{5 / k'hfkf7 ug{ klg kfpg' kb{5 eg]/ Psn
lab|f]x ubf{ ljb|f]xnfO{ bafpg] / lab|f]xL JolQmnfO{ b]z lgsfnfsf] cfb]z lbbf
To; bdgn] Psn xf]O{g ;+ul7t eP/ ljb|f]x
ug]{ agfof] . ;fgf] ;+ul7t lab|f]xnfO{ bafpg] s'r]i7f ubf{ c´ 7"nf] ;+ul7t
cfGbf]ng ug]{ kf7 l;sfof] . Tof] cfGbf]ngnfO{ klg ;fdfGtL ;Qfn] tx; gx; kfg{
vf]Hbf hftLo, /fhg}lts, cfly{s , ;fdflhs , ;f“:s[lts ;dfgtfsf] nfuL s'g} kf6L{;+u
Psfsf/ eP/ cfGbf]ng ug'{ kg]{ ljwL l;sfof] . Tof] cfGbf]ngsf] cfjfhsf] jf:tf
gubf{ ca /fhg}lts ;Qf k|fKtLsf] nflu
cfGbf]ng ug'{ kg]{ ;Dd ljsf; u/fof] . lxGb' ;fdGtL ;Qfsf lj?4 aGb's p7fpg / hftLo d'lQm cfGbf]ngnfO{ auL{o d'lQm
cfGbf]ng;+u ;dfof]hg u/]/ hf“bf dfq blntsf] k"0f{ d'lQm x'g] a}1flgs dfu{
k|z:t u¥of] . ;Qf k|flKtsf] nfuL ;j{xf/f g]t[Tj ePsf] qmflGtsf/L kf6L{, a}1flgs
larf/n] n}; qmflGtsf/L ;]gf / qmflGtsf/L ;+o'Qm df]]rf{sf] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngaf6 :yfgLo ;Qf sAhf ub}{ To;nfO{
;'b[9 / lj:tf/ u/]/ s]lGb|o ;Qf sAhf
u/]/ hgtfsf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] hgjfbL hg;Qf4f/f dfq pTkLl8t ;d'bfosf] d'lQm x'g]
dfn]dfjfb / k|r08ky4f/f lgb]{lzt a}1flgs af6f]df cfh d'lQm k|]dL nfvf} blnt
;d'bfo nfdaGb e}/x]sf 5g\ . s'g} klg hflt, lnË If]qsf] d'lQm sf] lglDt cfkm\gf]
v'§fdf cfkm}n] a~r/f] xfGg' xf] . To;}n] hftLo, /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs, cfly{s ,
;f“:s[lts ;dfgtf / :jtGqtfsf] nfuL
dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kynfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ juL{o d'lQm cfGbf]ng;+u Psfsf/ eP/
hgu0ftGqfTds Joj:yf k|fKtLsf] af6f]df lab|f]xsf] /f“sf] afNb} cl3 a9g' cfhsf]
k|d'v cfjZoStf xf] . s'?k / lgis[i6td\ lxGb' ;fdfGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbnfO{ rLtfdf
/fVg / ;'Gb/, zfGt / ;d'Ggt ;+;f/ lgdf{0f ug{ d'lQm of d[To'sf] s;d vfcf}+ hLt
;'lglZrt 5 ;+;f/ xfd|} xf] .
@)^!
a}zfv ! ut]