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jif{ !# c+s #*, ebf} !, @)^! Year 13, Issue 38, August 17, 2004 |
cGo;dfrf/x?
hghfu/0f
cleofg ;dfkg
cfÎgf gLlt tyf sfo{qmdnfO{ cfd hg;d'bfosf]df k'¥ofpg], zx/ / ufp“sf] ;ª\3if{nfO{ Ps cfk;df hf]8\g], j}rfl/s / ;fª\u7lgs tof/L ub}{ cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ ljb|f]xsf] lglDt cfwf/e"ld tof/ kfg]{ p2]Zosf] Ps dlxg] hghfu/0f cleofg g]=s=kf -dfcf]jfbL_ dsjfgk'/n] xfn} kmfk/af/L ahf/df Ps;ef u/L ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
dxfg\
zxLbx?k|lt Ps ldg]6 df}gwf/0f u/L >4f~hnL ck{0faf6 z'?ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf
lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s=gljgsf] ;efkltTj, s=gogsf] ;~rfng / s=uf]kfnn] :jfut
efif0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . k|d'v cltly / cltlyx?n] ;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf] pQm
;dfkg sfo{qmddf cleofgsf] bf}/fgdf ul/Psf] xflh/L hjfkm k|ltof]lutfdf ljh]tf
6LdnfO{ k|d'v cltlyaf6 k'/:sf/ ljt/0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf 5lQjg
:d[lt hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/åf/f hgjfbL uLt / ;ª\uLtsf dfWodaf6 hf]lznf] k|:t'tL
k|:t't ePsf] lyof] . cGTodf cleofgdf ;xefuL cleofg ;+of]hs / ;Dk"0f{
sd/]8x?nfO{ cleofgdf ;xefuL eO{ cleofg ;kmn kfg'{ ePsf]df awfO{ lb+b} pkxf/
k|bfg ub]{ ljbfO{ ul/Psf] lyof] .
pQm
;dfkg ;df/f]xsf k|d'v cltly g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ % cf}+ sDkgL sld;f/ s=pbLk
x'g'x'GYof] .
d]nDrL
vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf 7]Ssf /2
d]nDrL
vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfdf s/f]8f}+sf] e|i6frf/ kl5 cGttM ;/sf/n] 7]Ssf /4 ul/lbPsf]
5 . ;'/IFfsf] sf/0f b]vfO{ zfxL ;]gfsf] ;+/IF0fdf e|i6frf/ ub{} cfPsf
e|i6x?nfO{ of] 7]Ssf /4 x'g'n] æs] vf]H5; sfgf, cf“vfÆ eg] em+} ePsf] 5 .
;f] vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfn] ;'/Iff vr{sf]
gfddf ? !@ s/f]8 /sd nufgL u/L d]nDrL cf;kf;sf ufp“ a:tLdf bdg ul//x]sf]
lyof] . o;} h]i7 % ut] cfof]hgfsf] æxlgn sf]gLÆsf] sfof{nodf hgd'lQm
;]gfn] lj:kmf]6 u/fO{ Wj:t agfO{lbPsf] 5g .
;f]
;+:yfn] zfxL ;]gfnsf] :sl6ª ub{} lx+b]sf] gof“ ;QfnfO{ a]jf:tf ul/ s/ glt/]sf],
dhb'/x?sf] zf]if0f u/]sf] sf/0fn] ;f] ;+:yf dfly sfjf{xL ul/Psf] s'/f dfcf]jfbL
>f]tn] atfPsf] 5 . ;f]xL lbg o;} ;+:yfsf] dxf+sfn ! UofNy'ddf /x]sf ejg
dfly klg ;]jf]6]h ul/Psf] 5 .
xTofsf08sf]
;'/fsL ;kmfof
g'jfsf]6÷
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ @ g+= lhNnfn] oxL c;f/ !^ ut] Ps ;"rgf hf/L u/L
tf=/f=d'=df]=sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o
s=/fdz/0f tfdfª -cl8u_ / kf6L{ Onfsf ;b:o Pj+ hgldlnl;of Onfsf ;+of]hs
s=/fds[i0f e08f/L -/f]rs_sf] xTofdf k|ToIF ;+nUg ;'/fsL g'jfsf]6 yk|]ssf an
axfb'/ yfkfnfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] @ g+= sDkgLn] ;kmfof ul/lbPsf] 5 .
lgh
yfkfn] ljut s]xL dlxgf cuf8L cfºgf] 5f]/f gj/fh yfkfnfO{ zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfdf
hflu/ vfg k7fPsf] / To;s} cf8 e/f];fdf g'jfsf]6 v/fgL6f/ Aof/]ssf] zfxL
;]gfnfO{ ;xof]]u ub{} cfPsf] s'/f atfOPsf] 5 . zxLb s=cl8u / s=/f]rssf]
xTofdf p;n] ;]G6«Lsf] sfd u/]sf] ;d]t v'Ng cfPsf] 5 .
:jf:Yo
sfof{nodf tfnaGbL
l;Gw'kfNrf]s÷
Orf]s uf=h=;= rgf}6] l:yt dxf+sfn ;fd''bflos :jf:Yo s]Gb|n] ;+:yfsf] gfddf
cfly{s clgoldttf u/]sf], hyfefjL sd{rf/L egf{ u/]sf], hg;QFsf] lgb{]zgnfO{
a]jf:tf u/]sf] sf/0fn] c;f/ !$ ut] l;Gw'kfNrf]s klZrdL Onfsf hg;/sf/n]
clglZrtsflng tfnfaGbL ul/lbPsf] 5 .
ef/tdf
hgclwsf/sf] bf];||f] aflif{sL ;DkGg
g]kfn
hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldlt ef/t klZrd pkIf]q uf]jf–dxf/fi6« pkIf]q cGtu{tsf
lhNnfx?df lhNnfJofkL ?kdf ljs]lGb|t sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L ;DkGg ePsf] ;dfrf/
5 . dWod'DaO{ lhNnfsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] Ps sfo{qmd pQm lhNnfsf cWoIf /fh]z
dfonsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly tyf blnt d'lQm
df]rf{sf pkIf]qLo cWoIF ejgl;+x lasn] p23f6g ub}{ hgclwsf/sf] b'O{ jif{sf]
sfo{sfn uf]/jzfnL /x]sf] cfkm"n] dxz'; cfkm"n] u/]sf] atfpg'eof] .
;f] sfo{qmddf nlnt tfd|fsf/, nlnt las, dlxnf k|ltlglw ;'lgtf, blnt xs{axfb'/
kl/of/, bnaxfb'/, gGbl;+x, 6]saxfb'/ zfx, s[i0f las nufotsf jQmfx?n] klg cfÎgf]
dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .
To;}u/L
uf]jf, k'gf, gfl;s, blIf0f d'DaO{, k"jL{ d'DaO{, bl;x/ lj/f/, sNof0f
8f]+aljnL, gO{ d'DaO{ nufotsf lhNnfx?sf g]kfn hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldltsf] bf];|f]
aflif{sL ljleGg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L dgfOPsf] s'/f dxf/fi6« uf]jf pkIf]qsf
cWoIf l6sf/fd zdf{n] atfpg' eof] . cWoIf l6sf/fd zdf{sf cg';f/ …;fdGtjfb /
;fd|fHojfbsf] lj?4 u0ftflGqs cfGbf]ng ;zQm / ;b[9 ;+u7g lgdf{0fsf] lgldQ
k|lt/f]wfTds klxnf] lhNnf ;Dd]ng ;kmn kf/f}+Ú eGg] gf/fsf ;fy dxf/fi6«–uf]jfdf
lhNnf ;Dd]ngsf] tof/Lsf nflu sfo{stf{ e]nf, cGtlqm{of, 5nkmn, a}7s h:tf ljleGg
sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o;}u/L g]kfnsf] u0ftGqsf] cfGbf]ngk|lt P]Soa4tf
hgfp“b} a}+unf]/df sfo{/t g]kfnLx? g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldltdf Pstfa4 ePsf
5g\ . pgLx?n] Ps e]nf cfof]hgf u/L lji0f' cv]/fsf] cWoIftfdf !! ;b:oLo lhNnf
;ldltsf] lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ .
zfxL
;]gfdf elt{ x'g]sf] ;DklQ sAhf
g'jfsf]6÷
lhNnfsf] /ftdf6] uf=h=;=sf] dxfb]j kmf“6 lgjf;L an/fd e08f/Lsf] 5f]/f
hg;/sf/sf] cfu|xnfO{ a]jf:tf ub}{ ev{/} dfq zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfdf elt{ x'g
uPsf]n] lghsf] ;Dk'0f{ ;DklQ sAhf u/L 3/df tfnfaGbL ul/Psf] s'/f dfcf]jfbL g]tf
s=ljgf]bn] atfPsf 5g\ .
lghsf]
;DklQ oxL cfiff9 !@ ut] tfnfaGbL ul/Psf] / pgL zfxL ;]gfsf] hflu/ 5f]8L cfPdf
;DklQ /f]Ssf lkmtf{ ul/g] ;d]t ljgf]bn] atfpg' ePsf] 5 .
lj/f]wdf
aGb, ;Ddfgdf >4f~hnL
ut
c;f/ * ut] zfxL ;]gfsf] Ps xTof/f] hTyfn] lu/Îtf/ u/L xTof ul/g'ePsf s=/fhs'df/
>]i7 -lg/a_ sf] ;Demgfdf oxL c;f/ !$ / !% ut] lhNnf el/ g} >4f~hnL ;efx?
tyf c;f/ !^ ut] ;f]xL xTofsf08sf] lj/f]wdf lhNnf aGb ;DkGg ul/Psf] 5 . ;f]
lbg l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] d]nDrL ahf/, /;'jf / g'jfsf]6 ;b/d'sfd k"0f{ aGb ePsf]
lyof] .
g'jfsf]6
aGbsf] lbg yfgl;ª uf=h=;=sf] yfgl;ª kmf“6df c;f/ !^ ut] zxLb s=lg/asf] ;Demgfdf
Ps >4f~hnL ;efsf] cfof]hgf ul/ zxLb s=lg/asf cfdf tyf lbbLnfO{ clegGbg
ul/Psf] 5 . ;f] clegGbg sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly s=/lQmdn] ;lxb kl/jf/sf]
clegGbg ub{} xTofsf] abnf o'4d}bfgaf6} lng] c7f]6 ug'{ eof] .
o;cl3
c;f/ !$ ut] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] km6slznf uf=h=;=sf] e~Hof¨df, l;Gw'sf]6 uf=h=;sf]
cdn], km6slznfsf] 9f“6L cflb 7fp“x?df >4f~hnL ;efx? ;DkGg ePsf lyP .
o;}u/L c;f/ !% ut] g'jfsf]6sf] /fpt]a]+;L, rt'/fn], eGb|'6f/ tyf /;'jf lhNnfsf]
of;f{ cflb 7fp“df zxLb s=lg/asf] ;Demgfdf >4f~hnL ;efx? ePsf lyP .
zfxL
cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] Ps xTof/f] hTyfn] oxL c;f/ * ut] lhNn cf]jfbL_ /;'jf±g'jfsf]6±l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf ;]qm]6/L s=l5Gt'n] c;f/
!) ut] Ps lj1KtL hf/L u/L s=lg/anfO{ zxLb 3f]if0ff ug{' ePsf] 5 . ;fy}
jQmJodf s=l5Gt'n] o; k|sf/sf] xTofsf08x?sf] >[+vnf a[l4 ePdf clglZrtsflng
lhNnf aGb ug{{] r]tfjgL ;d]t lbg'ePsf] 5 .
hg;]gf4f/f
/]Ghkf]i6 ;]jf]6]h
g'jfsf]6÷ssgL
uf=h=;=df /x]sf] k"/fgf] ;QFsf] lhNnf ag sfof{nosf] /]Ghkf]i6 oxL c;f/ !@
ut] @ g+= sDkgL ;]jf]6]h u/L Wj:t agfOlbPsf] 5 .
:jf:Yo
lzlj/ ;DkGg
g'jfsf]6÷hgd'lQm
;]gf @ g+= sDkgLsf :jf:YosdL{x?n] g'jfsf]6 ufp“vs{df Ps :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;DkGg
u/]sf 5g\ . oxL c;f/ !# ut] Onfsf OGrfh{ s=;Gb]zn] pb\3f6g u/] kZrft\ z'?
ePsf] ;f] lzlj/df b'O{;o eGbf a9L :yfgLo hgtfn] pkrf/ u/fPsf lyP .
g'jfsf]6÷
hgbdgsf] nflu ufp“ k:g rf}sLaf6 lg:s]sf] tLg ldg]6 klg gljTb} ssgL rf}sL / ahf/
aLrsf] kSsL ;8sdf oxL c;f/ @! ut] ljxfg} hgd'lQm ;]gf @ g+= sDkgLn] yfk]sf]
PDa'';df kl/ kf“r hgf zfxL ;]gfsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] s]xL 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ . Psf ljxfg} ePsf] of] 36gfn] lbgel/ g} oftfoft aGb ePsf] lyof] .
sf7df08f}+sf]
3f“6Ld} ePsf] of] 36gfn] 7'nf] dxTj kfP klg zfxL ;+rf/ dfWodn] 36gfnfO{ n'sfpg]
c;kmn k|of; u/]sf lyP . o;}ul/ oxL 36gfsf] cl3Nnf] lbg c;f/ @) ut] klg
kf;fªNxfd' /fhdfu{ cGtu{ts} kfv'/]df PDa';df kl/ @ hgf ;]gfsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To'
ePsf] lyof] eg] ! hgf 3fOt] ePsf] 5 .
r]nL
a]Rg] bnfnsf] k;n sAhf
g'jfsf]6÷g'jfsf]6sf]
k"jf{]Q/ e]]udf r]nLa]6L a]rljvg sfo{ ug{], rsf]{ Aofhdf /sd af“8\g] tyf
dfcf]jfbLsf] ;'/fsL sfo{ ug{] lzv/a]+;L uf=h=;= ld> e~Hofªsf Zofd s[i0f
kl08tsf] 3/ tyf k;n oxL c;f/ !* ut] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] sAhf u/]sf] 5 .
lgh
kl08tn] ev{/} dfq cfºgf] 5f]/fnfO{ zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfdf hflu/ vfg k7fPsf
lyP . g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] k6s k6s lghnfO{ 5f]/fnfO{ hflu/ 5f]8L 3/ cfpg
r]tfjgL ;d]t lbPsf lyof] . lghsf] k;naf6 s/La Ps nfv a/fa/sf] ;DklQ sAhf
ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5 .
cg';Gwfgsf]
nflu lu/km\tf/
g'jfsf]6÷sljnf;
uf=h=;= j8f g+= * 3/ ePsf Zofd axfb'/ clwsf/LnfO{ c;f/ !^ ut] ;f]wk'5sf] nflu
hgd'lQm ;]gfn] lu/ºtf/ ul/ c;f/ @) ut] l/xf ul/ lbPsf 5g\ . o;} ul/
u0f]z:yfg km]bL a]+;Lsf ;'gLn >]i7 / /fh' lu/LnfO{ klg hgd'lQm ;]gfn]
cg';Gwfgsf] nflu oxL @@ ut] lu/ºtf/ u/]sf 5g . gj/fh g]kfnLjf6
xTofsf08
lj?4 df]/ª aGb ;kmn
slyt le8Gtsf] gfddf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ /
;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnL hgtfsf] qm'/ / kf;ljs xTof ub}{ cfPsf] slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08n]
c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ df]/ª lhNnf cWoIf uf]ljGb lu/L / lhNnf ldlnl;of sdf08/
tLy{ /fO{nfO{ >fj0f !^ ut] lu/Îtf/ u/L sdf08/ /fO{nfO{ ;f]xL lbg / cWoIf
lu/LnfO{ b'O{ lbg kZrft xTof u/]sf] lj/f]wdf g]=s=kf -dfcf]jfbL_ df]/ª lhNnf
;ldltn] >fj0f @* / @( ut] lhNnf aGbsf] cfx\jfg u/]sf] lyof] . g]=s=kf=
-dfcf]jfbL_ n] u/]sf] lhNnf aGb df]/ª lhNnfsf nfvf} hg;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf /
;xof]udf k"0f{?kn] ;kmn ePsf] 5 . df]/ª lhNnf aGb sfo{qmdn] l5d]sL
lhNnf emfkf / ;'g;/LnfO{ klg k|efljt kf/]sf] lyof] . b'O{ lbg lhNnf aGbdf
oftfoft, pBf]u, snsf/vfgf, ahf/ ;Dk"0f{ 7Kk ePsf lyP . ;'g;/Lsf]
w/fgaf6 cfPdf a;x? O6x/Laf6 g} kmls{Psf lyP eg] emfkfaf6 cfPsf a;x? klg
emfkfsf] bdsaf6 kmls{Psf lyP . aGbsf] a]nfdf sxL+ st} s'g} Iflt gePsf]
dfcf]jfbL lhNnf :t/Lo Ps g]tfn] atfP .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
lhNnf ;ldlt df]/ªn] lhNnf aGbnfO{ lnP/ Jofks sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg u/]sf] ;dfrf/
k|fKt ePsf] 5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ df]/ª lhNnf ;ldlt
cGt/ut % g+= Pl/of ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf >fj0f @* ut] s]/f}g uf=h=;=sf] en'jf
rf]sdf >4fGhnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s=/s]6sf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg
sfo{qmdnfO{ s=;kgf / s=pHjnn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . o:t} >4fGhnL
sfo{qmd 6f“8L uf=h=;=sf] wf]ljg ahf/df klg ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . aGb
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ Jofks leQ]n]vg ;d]t ePsf] ;drf/ 5 . o;}ul/ $ g+=
Pl/ofdf klg dxfg\ zxLbx? uf]ljGb lu/L / tLy{ /fO{sf] :d[ltdf >fj0f @* ut]
>4fGhnL sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ $ g+=
Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=zLvfsf] k|d"v cfltYodf ;DkGg >4fGhnL ;efnfO{
cg]/f:jljo" -qmlGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o O{Zj/ 9+'ufgf, lhNnf cWoIf k|sfz
kf}8\ofn, c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmlGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;lrj g]q kf]v|]n, c=g]=d=;+3
-qmlGtsf/L_ lhNnf pkfWoIf dgs'df/L lu/L, lhNnf ldlnl;of sdf08/ s=cgGt /
s=dx]Zj/n] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cg]/f:jljo"
-qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;b:o /Ghg zdf{sf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf s=8fod08 ;efklt
/xg' ePsf] lyof] . o;} aLr aGbnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ >fj0f @& ut]
uf]ljGbk"/sf] lv/sL8f“uL rf]sb]lv kl6ofkf8f rf]s;Dd / pnf{jf/L uf=h=;=sf]
d+unjf/]df d;fn tyf kmfol/ª h'n'; ;DkGg ePsf lyP . h'n';df #)) eGbf j9L
g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
;f]xL
aGbnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ # g+= Pl/ofdf klg @* ut] g} $÷% ;o hg;d"bfosf] aLrdf
>4fGhnL sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . jo/jg uf=h=;=df ePsf] >4fGhnL
sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltlydf dw]zL d'lSt df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf lhNnf hg;/sf/
pk–k|d'v lzjs'df/ d08n, cGo cltlyx?df c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf cWoIf uLtf
ltldlN;gf, cg]/f:jljo" -qmlGtsf/L_lhNnf ;lrj hLjg e6/fO{, c=g]=ls=;+3
-qmlGtsf/L_lhNnf ;b:o nIdL k“m'ofn nufotsf jQmfx?n] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . s=lgndsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng s=of]Ghgn] ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . # g+= Pl/ofn] 3f]lift aGb sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ >fj0f
@& ut] s]/f}g uf=h=;=sf] sfnLyfgdf d;fn tyf kmfol/ª h'n'; ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . h'n';df &)÷&% hgfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . o;
afx]s klg # g+= Pl/ofn] aGbnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ leQ] n]vg / Jofgl/ª\ u/]sf]
lyof] .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ @ g+= Pl/of ;ldltn] klg aGb sfo{qmdnfO{
;kmn kfg{ >fj0f @& ut] a]n'sf g]tf
rf}sdf kmfol/ª ;lxtsf] d;fn h'n'; ;DkGg u/]sf] lyof] . pQm h'n';df
$%÷%) hgf sfo{stf{sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL Pl/of ;ldltsf]
cfof]hgfdf >fj0f @% ut] s;]gLdf >4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . #÷$
;o hg;d'bfosf] aLr ePsf] pQm ;efsf] k|d'v cltly g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ @ g+= Pl/of
;]qm]6/L s=/rgf /xg'ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_
lhNnf ;x–;lrj ozf]wf vltj8f, cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;b:o lxdf
cf]emf, yf?jfg /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ lhNnf cWoIf x[bonfn rf}w/L, c=g]=ls=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;b:o lbgfgfy e§/fO{, Pl/of hgldlnl;of sdf08/ s=lIflthn]
;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . s;]gL uf=h=;=k|d'v kv'nfn rf}w/Lsf] ;efkltTjdf
ePsf] ;efsf] ;~rfng s=;Gb]zn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . aGb sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn kfg{
Jofks jflnª / kf]:6l/ª ePsf] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ Pl/of sfo{non] hgljb|f]xnfO{
atfof] . ! g+= Pl/ofdf klg aGb ;kmn kfg{ d;fn h'n'; sf]0f ;ef / kL+l9
;efx? ePsf lyP .
o;}ul/
>fj0f !* ut] ynfxf / bfb/j}l/ofsf] aLrdf ls;fg g]tf zxLb s=ledbQ kGtsf]
:d[ltdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ ! g+= Pl/ofn] :d[lt ;ef ;DkGg u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd lhNnf hg;/sf/sf
pkk|d'v lzjsdf/ d08nsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . otf jljofljtf{
uf=h=;=l:yt ;s/lbgf rf]snfO{ zxLb s=b]ljnfnsf] gfddf gfdf°g u/L pQm rf]sdf
hgtfsf] dfu adf]lhd ;f]djf/ xl6of nufpg
k|f/De u/fOPsf] 5 . ahf/sf] pb\3f6g df]/ª lhNnf hg;/sf/sf pkk|d'v
lzjs'df/ d08nn] ug'{ ePsf] s'/f sfo{qmddf ;xefuL Ps k|ToIf bzL{n] atfPsf
5g\ .
h]ndf
;+ljwfg ;efsf] dfu
lj/f6gu/÷df]/ª
lhNnf l:yt lj/f6gu/ sf/fuf/df /flvPsf cf:yfsf aGbLx?n]
ljleGg @^ ;"qLo dfu /flv cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . ;+o'Qm
/fi6«;+3sf] dWo:ytfdf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
lgjf{rg ug'{ kg]{, j]kQf kfl/Psf ;Dk"0f{ cf:yfsf aGbLx?nfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/L
l/xf ul/g' kg]{, gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf aGbLx?nfO{ klg ;xefuL u/fpg'
kg]{, cf:yfsf aGbLx?nfO{ sfg"g Joj;foL, dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3 ;+:yf
nufotsfx?nfO{ e]63f6 ug{ lbg'kg]{, sf/fuf/leq v]ns'b ;fdfu|L pknAw u/fpg' kg]{,
pkrf/sf] nflu of]Uo / cg'ejL 8fS6/sf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{, %) k|ltzt e'Qmfg u/]sf
s}bLnfO{ af“sL s}b dflkm ul/g' kg]{, nufotsf dfux? /fv]/ cf:yfsf aGbLx?n]
cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 . aGbLx?sf ljleGg @^
;"qLo dfunfO{ sf/fuf/ zfvf, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no / zfxL ;/sf/sf
k|wfgdGqL;Dd k7fO{ ;lsPsf] klg yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 . aGbLx?n] p7fPsf
dfux?nfO{ j]jf:tf u/]df r/0fa4 cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ ;d]t hgfOPsf] 5 .
k|fKt
;dfrf/ cg';f/ efb| % ut];Ddsf] clN6d]6d lbP/ k|]l;t ul/Psf] dfu k"/f geP,
efb| % / ^ ut] sf/fuf/leq lj/f]w ;ef ug]{, & b]lv ( ut];Dd s}bL kl/rfng /
dfusf] af/]df cGt/lqmof / 5nkmn ug]{ / efb| !) ut]b]lv @) ut];Dd @ 306fsf b/n]
sf/fuf/sf] u]6df wgf{ lbg] nufotsf ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5 . olt
ubf{ klg dfu k'/f gePdf pRr :t/sf] ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd ug]{ cf:yfsf aGbLnfO{ p4[t
ub}{ sf/fuf/ >f]tn] xfdLnfO{ atfof] . :d/0f /xf];\ lj/f6gu/ sf/fuf/df
!)# hgf cf:yfsf aGbLx? /x]sf 5g\ . t/, cf:yfsf aGbLn] p7fPsf @^ ;'qLo
dfudf cGo aGbLsf] klg ;xeflutf / P]Soj4tf
/x]sf] ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
qmflGtsf/Ln]
e08fkmf]/ ug]{
rGb|u9L÷z}lIfs
If]qleq /x]sf ;a}vfn] ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf] lj?4 ;+3if{ ub}{ cfPsf]
cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ emfkf lhNnf ;ldltn] /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s ljifosf
cltl/Qm z}lIfs ;d:ofsf] ljifodf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
>fj0f @% ut] cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ d]rL–sf]zLsf ;+of]hs lzjs'df/
8f“uLsf] k|d'v cfltYodf cGt/lqmofd"ns k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . sfo{qmddf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L nufot a'l4hLjLx?sf]
;d]t pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
jt{dfg
/fhgLlts cj:yf / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] ljifodf cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_sf
d]rL–sf]zL ;+of]hs lzjs'df/ 8f“uL, g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] kf]ln6Jo"/f] /
If]qLo Jo"/f]sf] lg0f{o / PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ljifodf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
emfkf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=sf}zn, g]kfnL ju{;+3if{ / hgljb|f]xdf o'jf ljwfyL{x?sf]
e"ldsfsf] ljifodf cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o O{Zj/
9'+ufgf, ;+u7g lgdf{0f / kl/rfng ljifodf # g+= Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=g/]z nufot
a'l4hLjLx?n] cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_sf] cfGbf]ngn] af}l4s ;d'bfodf
kf/]sf] k|efjsf] ljifodf k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . cg]/f:jljo"
-qmflGtsf/L_sf] emfkf lhNnf ;ldlt cWoIf /d]z ;'j]bLsf] ;efkltTjdf ;+rflnt
k|lzIf0fd"ns cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng ;lrj /+hLt tfdfª n] ug'{ ePsf]
lyof] .
k|lzIf0f
kZrft a;]sf] a}7sn] lzIff k;nsf] ?kdf v'n]sf af]l8{ª :s"nx?nfO{ vf/]h
ug]{, lzIfs, sd{rf/L / dfcf]jfbL g]tf tyf sfo{stf{sf 5f]/L 5f]/LnfO{ ;fwf/0f
ljBfnodf k9fpg s8fOk"j{s kxn ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] a}7sdf ;xefuL Ps ;b:on]
hgljb|f]xnfO{ atfP . o;} u/L zfxL ;/sf/n] cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_dfly nufPsf] slyt cft+ssf/Lsf]
laNnf lkmtf{ lnP klg jftf{ / ;+jfbsf] gfddf xTof / lx+;fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lb+b}
;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o a}s'07 kf]v/]n nufot cfwf bh{g g]tf tyf sfo{stf{sf] xTof /
Ps bh{geGbf a9Lsf] lu/Îtf/Lsf] lj/f]wdf x/]s ljBfnodf e08fkmf]/ cleofg ;~rfng
ug]{ ;d]t a}7sn] lg0f{o u/]sf] tL ;b:on] atfP .
zfxL
;]gfåf/f lu/km\tf/ u/L j]kQf
O6x/L÷clvn
g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ ;'g;/L lhNnf ;ldltn] dx]Gb|gu/ uf=h=;=df %@ ljufx
hUuf sAhf u/]sf] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ lhNnf ;]qm]6/L lzvfn] atfpg' eof] .
;]qm]6/L lzvfsf cg';f/ pQm hUuf clxn] u/Lj ls;fgx?nfO{ hf]tef]u ug{ lbOPsf] /
s]xL ;dodf g} e"ldxLg ls;fgnfO{ ljt/0f ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] klg pxf“n]
hgljb|f]xnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof] .
otf
;'g;/L lhNnfsf ljleGg 7fp“af6 slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08n] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
sfo{stf{ / ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ ckx/0fsf] ;}nLdf lu/Îtf/ u/L j]kQf kf/]sf]
5 . xfdLnfO{ k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ >fj0f @% ut] af]njdsf] e]ifdf
df]6/;fOsn r9L cfPsf slyt ;'/Iffsld{n] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ lgs6 /x]/ lzIfs
;+u7gdf sfo{/t k'?iff]Qd 9'+u]nnfO{ j/fxIf]qsf] jo/jg uf=h=;=af6 lu/Îtf/ u/L
j]kQf kf/]sf x'g . o:t} >fj0f !( ut] c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf lhNnf
;b:o anaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ klg af]njd wf/L slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08n] a/fx If]qsf] vf/
vf]nfaf6 lu/Îtf/ u/L j]kQf kf/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L lhNnf ldlnl;of ;b:o
km'ns'df/ lj=s= -s=;"o{_ nfO{ pkrf/ ug{sf] lglDt 3f]kf hf“b} ubf{ >fj0f
@% ut] lu/Îtf/ u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L g} k|sfzk"/ :yfoL 3/ ePsf l8saxfb'/
kf}8\ofn >fj0f @% ut] skfn sf6\b} ubf{ dw'jgaf6 lu/Îtf/ x'g' ePsf] 5 .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] s'g} ultljlwdf gnfu]sf l8saxfb'/ kf}8\ofnnfO{ slyt
;'/Iff kmf}hn] skfn sf6\b} ubf{ dw'jgaf6 lu/Îtf/ u/]sf] lyof] . >fj0f
@& ut] l8saxfb'/ kf}8\ofnsL cfdf hd'gf kf}8\ofnn] 5f]/fsf] hLjg /Iffsf] dfu
ub}{ lj1lKt k|sflzt ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=lzvfn] klg lu/Îtf/ ePsf hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf sfo{stf{sf] l/xfOsf]
dfu ub}{ pgLx?sf] hLjg /Iffsf] nflu kqsf/, dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3 ;+:yf / k|j'4 hg;d"bfo;“u cg'/f]w ug'{ ePsf]
5 . :d/0f /xf];\ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] s'g} ultljlwdf ;+nUg gePsf
;d;L /fO{, dgf]h jf]u6L / 6Lsf kl/of/sf] sfo/tfk"0f{ xTof u/]/ 5fkfdf/sf]
ljNnf le/fPsf] lyof] .
;z:q
k|x/L hglx/f;taf6 d'Qm
vf“bjf/L÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf]
sAhfdf kgf{ ;fy k'/fgf] ;Qfsf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf, ;z:q k|x/L / hgkb k|x/Lx?nfO{
dfl/xfN5g\ eGg] e|dnfO{ lrb}{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf sfo{stf{x?n] ;+v'jf;ef
lhNnfsf] cf“lve"O{+af6 lu/Îtf/ u/]sf] Ps ;z:q k|x/LnfO{ d'Qm ul/lbPsf
5g\ . j]; SofDkdf sfo{/t k|x/L hjfg k|lbk rf}w/LnfO{ >fj0f @* ut]
dflDnª uf=h=;=l:yt dfWolds ljBfnos} k|fª0fdf Ps ljz]if sfo{qmd u/L l/xf ul/Psf]
lyof] .
d'Qm
rf}w/LnfO{ /]8qm;sf lhNnf ;efklt z+s/ sfsL{nfO{ lhNnf nufotsf]
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf lhNnf :t/Lo Ps g]tfn] atfpg' eof] . d'Qm rf}w/L
>fj0f * ut] dfcf]jfbLsf] sAhfdf k/]sf lyP . o;}ul/ csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/
;+v'jf;ef lhNnfdf cfGtl/s ;+u7g ;'b[l9s/0f cGt/ut >fj0f !& b]lv @)
ut];Dd /fhg}lts tyf j}rfl/s k|lzIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ls/ft d'lQm df]rf{s
cWoIf eQm/fh sGbª\jf qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifbsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o jf;' zfSo,
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf If]qLo Jo"/f] ;b:o s=;'bz{g, s=df};d nufotsf k|lzIfsx?n] k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf]
lyof] . !*cf}+ a6flnog cGt{ut …l;Ú sDkgLsf] ljz]if ;'/Iff 3]/fleq
ePsf] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf #%) eGbf a9L k|lzIffyL{x?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf]
lyof] .
kf“ry/df
tf/f–;+ud :d[lt cleofg
kf“ry/÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
kf“ry/ lhNnf ;ldltåf/f )^! >fj0f !) ut]b]lv kf“ry/sf] * g+= Pl/ofdf Ps dlxg]
…tf/f–;+ud :d[lt cleofgÚ ;+rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . ljut )%( ;fn h]i7df kf6L{
sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf t]x|y'dsf] vfDnfn'ªdf zfxL cd]l/sL cft+ssf/L lk¶f -s=tf/f_
kf“ry/s} /jL ahf/df xTof ul/g'ePsf l8s]Gb| ;'Gbf;-s=;+ud_sf] gfddf ;+rfng ePsf]
;f] Ps dlxg] cleofgsf] nIo pxf“x? k|lt >4fefj k|s6 ug]{ atfpg' x'G5, Pl/of
OGrfh{ s=cUgL . cleofgsf] yk k|:6 kfb}{ s=cUgL eGg' x'G5, ækf6L{sf]
j}rfl/s ;+Zn]if0f / /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] cfwf/ v8f ug{ ;a}lt/ k|rf/–k|;f/
ug]{ / hgcledt lng] lbzflt/ cu|;/ x'g] ;fy} lhNnfdf s]lGb|s[t of]hgf to u/L
ljs]lGb|t sfof{Gjogsf] qmddf dxfg\ zxLbx?sf] gfdaf6 ;f] cleofg ;+rfng ul/Psf]
xf] .Æ cleofgsf] qmddf ;Dk"0f{ kf6L{ ;b:ox? k|To]s uf=h=;=, j8f, 3/ /
k|To]s hgtf;Dd k'Ug] /x]sf] b]lvG5 . k|To]s 7fp“df kf6L{sf] dfu{ lgb]{zs
l;4fGt dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] ljifodf ax;, 5nkmn tyf s'/fsfgL ug]{ pb]Zosf ;fy
;~rflnt cleofgsf], ;+u7gfTds cfwf/nfO{ ;d]t r':t, b'?:t / k|efjsf/L agfP/
n}hfg] nIf /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . cleofgs} qmddf ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/L,
a'l4hLjL / cfd hgtfn] kf6L{sf] of]hgf cg';f/ :j]R5fn] cfly{s ;xof]u ;d]t ug{
yfn]sf 5g\ . hgtfx? eG5g\, æxfd|f] cfÎg} d'lQmsf] vflt/ ;~rfng ePsf]
hgo'4nfO{ xfdL cfly{s, g}lts, ef}lts ;Dk"0f{ ?kn] ;xof]u ug]{5f}+ .
nufgL ePkl5 kf] dfof x'G5 . To; sf/0f xfdL cfÎgf] l:ylt cg';f/sf] ;xof]u
u/]/ nufgL ub}{ dfof ug{ rfxG5f}+ . cleofgaf6 yk ck]Iff /fVb} Pl/of
sldl6sf OGrfh{ s=cUgL eGg' x'G5,æof] cleofgn] Pl/ofnfO{ t Pp6f prfO{df k'¥ofp“5
g} kf6L{ s]Gb|sf] of]hgfnfO{ ;d]t yk ;xof]u k'Ug] 5 .Æ cleofg z'? ePsf]
5f]6} cjlwdf cleofgn] pNn]vgLo ;kmntf xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . cleofgs}
qmddf * g+= Pl/of cGt{ut /x]sf tLg j6f uf=h=;=dWo]sf] Pp6f ;f/ª 8f“8f
uf=h=;=nfO{ b'O{ j6f uf=h=;=df ljefhg u/L tf/f uf=h=;=/ ;+ud uf=h=;=elg gfdfs/0f
ul/Psf] 5 . cleofgn] ubf{ dfq xf]Og lhNnfdf hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff cjlwb]lv g}
tL 7fp“x?df k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] pkl:ylt Go"g /x]sf] a'lemG5 . cem k'/fgf]
;Qf x]g{ klg ;b/d'sfd g} hfg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;a} hgtfsf] sfd gofF ;Qfn] ug{
yfn]kl5 oxf“sf hgtf ;b/d'sfd hfg yfn]sf 5g\ . ;b/d'sfd af/] ;f]lwPsf]
k|Zgdf k|ltk|Zg ub}{ :yfgLo hgtfx? eG5g\, æxfd|f] cfÎg} hg;/sf/ s]Gb|b]lv
:yfgLo tx;Dd alg;s]sf] 5 . ;a} sfdx? l56f], ;/n / lgZkIf 9+un] ufpF ufp“d}
ePkl5 lsg ;b/d'sfd hfg] < lsg k'/fgf] ;Qfsf dflkmof, 3';vf]/Lx?nfO{ /fhZj
a'emfpg] < xfdLn] a'emfPsf k};faf6 xfdLnfO{ dfg]{, aGb's / uf]nL lsGg lsg
k};f a'emfpg hfg] <Æ :d/0f ug{ of]Uo s'/f t of] 5 ls, Pp6f Pl/ofdf dfq xf]Og
;Dk"0f{ lhNnf el/ g} k'/fgf] ;Qfsf c+ux? ;b/d'sfdsf] sf“8] tf/af/leq
s]lGb|t /x]sf 5g\ . ufp“ ufp“df pgLx?sf] pkl:ylt t z"Go k|fo g}
5 . k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ hgtfn] hgxTof/f], cft+ssf/L hTyfsf] ?kdf a'‰g] u/]sf]
kfOG5 .
o'4;+jfbbftf
/l;saf6
g]kfnL hgo'4n] ufp“ / a:tLx?af6 k'/fgf]
;Qfsf ;Dk"0f{ cjz]ifx?nfO{ lj:yflkt u/]/ gofF ;Qfsf] yfngL ul/lbPsf]
5 . zfxL ;Qfsf] Ps dfq cf8 e/f];fsf] ?kdf /x]sf] zfxL cd]l/sfn] rf]/ h:tf]
eP/ ufp“df uP/ xTof, cft+s dRrfP/ kms{g] afx]s s]xL ug{ ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .
o;/L ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf ufp“af6 k'/fgf] ;Qf lj:yflkt eP klg ;Qf ;+rfngsf] cg'ej
/fd|f];“u gePsf] x'“bf gof“ ;Qfn] klg hgtfnfO{ ;]jf / ;'ljwfx? /fd|f];“u lbg
g;ls/x]sf] ljBdfg kl/l:yltdf Onfdf lhNnf hg;/sf/sf] cfof]hgfdf ;Qf ;+rfng
;DjGwL k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
>fj0f @% /
@^ ut] ls/ft :jfoQ hg;/sf/ Onfdsf] b'O{ lbg] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . ls/ft :jfoQ u0ftGq ;/sf/sf ;lrj tyf kf“ry/ hg;/sf/ k|d'v >L
hj]u'sf] k|d'v cfltYodf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly
>L hj]u' ;Qf ljut / jt{dfg tyf r'gf}ltx? / ;Qfsf] pTklQ, ljsf; qmd, jt{dfg
cj:yf / gofF ;Qfn] em]Ng' k/]sf ;d:ofsf ljifodf k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg'
ePsf] lyof] . :jfoQ lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v ;"o{jfnf /fO{,
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf ! / @ g+= Pl/of OGrfh{ s=;'zLn, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf tkm{af6
s=/fd / km'ªlgdf nufotfsf k|lzIfsx?n] k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf]
lyof] . uf=h=;=, O=h=;=/ lhNnf hg;/sf/sf u/L !%) hgf k|lzIffyL{ /x]sf]
sfo{qmd lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v ;"o{jfnf /fO{sf] ;efkltTjdf / sfG5f /fO{sf]
;+rfngdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmd hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn k"jL{
l8lehg, ;ftf}+ la|u]8, !(cf}+ a6flnog cGt/utsf] …;LÚ sDkgLsf] s8f ;'/Iffsf]
3]/fleq ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .