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jif{ !# c+s #(, ebf} *, @)^! Year 13, Issue 39, August 24, 2004 |
;do;Gbe{
k|r08kysf] gjLgtd ljrf/ / jt{dfg ljZj dhb'/
cfGbf]ngsf] eljio
;fu/
ædhb'/ ju{n]
algagfp oGqnfO{ sAhf u/]/ cfÎgf] lghL p2]Zo k"lt{sf nflu h:tfsf] t:t}
To;sf] pkof]u ug{ ;Qm}g====. ===;j{xf/f ju{sf] ljsf;sf ;a}eGbf ;fdfGo
cj:yfx?sf] j0f{g u/]/ xfdLn] cfw'lgs ;dfhleq sd jf j];L 5b\d ?kdf /x]sf]
u[xo'4nfO{ Tof] :yfg;Dd x]b}{ uof}+ hxf“ Tof] v'Nndv'Nnf qmflGtdf kl/0ft x'G5 /
;j{xf/fju{n] an k|of]uåf/f k"“hLhLjL ju{nfO{ x6fP/ cfÎgf] ;Qf sfod
ub{5====. == ;j{xf/f ju{nfO{ ;Qf?9 ju{df kl/0ft ug'{ / k|hftGqsf nflu n8fO{+
lhTg' dhb"/ qmflGtsf] klxnf] r/0f xf] .Æ dfS;{, P+u]N; sDo'lgi6
3f]if0ff kq
!=ju{sf]
pbo;“u} ;+3if{sf] P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"ldM
ljZjdf dfgj ;Eotfsf] pbo / To;sf] ljsf;
k|lqmofdf ljsl;t cflbd ;fDojfbL ;dfhsf] ue{df hGd]sf s]xL clehftLo tTjx?n]
;dfhdf ax';+Vos JolQmpk/ zf]if0fsf] ljhf/f]k0f ug{ k'u] . ha ;dfhdf t]/f]
d]/f] h:tf e]befjd"ns k|lqmofsf] z'?jft u/]/ zf]if0f ug{ yflnof] ta Psflt/
s]xL ;Lldt JolQmx?n] e"ld nufot cf}hf/sf ;fdfgx? cfÎgf] sAhfdf kfb}{ nu]
eg] ax';+Vos hgtf >ddf cfwfl/t eP/ af“Rg ljjz eP . ax';+Vos >lds
ju{sf] rsf]{ >d zf]if0fsf ;fy pgLx?nfO{ ;fdflhs, /fhg}lts, ;f“:s[lts h:tf
clwsf/x?af6 ;d]t al~rt agfp“b} nluof] . dflg;n] dflg;nfO{ ul/g] dfgjLo
Jojxf/ ;d]t >lds ju{dfly x'g 5f8\of] . h;n] ubf{ >lds ju{sf] hLjg
kz't'No aGg k'Uof] . dflg;sf] af]Ng], n]Vg], cGofosf] lj/f]w ug{ kfpg]
h:tf df}lns clwsf/ dfq xf]Og vfg], nfpg], a:g] h:tf hGdl;4 clwsf/af6 ;d]t al~rt
agfP/ s]jn bf;sf ?kdf af“Rg ljjz agfOof] . bf; dflnsx?sf] pQm
jj{/tfk"0f{ bdg / cGofo cTofrf/sf lj?4 leqleq} ljb|f]xsf] /f“sf] blGsb}
hfg] qmd a9b} uof] . rsf]{ bdgsf jfjh'b cGofosf lj?4 ljb|f]xsf] j}1flgs
lgod d'tfljs ;fgfltgf ;+3if{x? cufl8 a9\b} uP .
;dfhdf pTkGg ePsf] pQm cGt/lj/f]wsf] d'Vo
s8L s] xf] < / To;sf] clGtd ;dfwfg s;/L eGg] j}1flgs k|sf/sf] bfz{lgs
dfGotfsf] ljsf;sf] cefjsf sf/0f ljb|f]xn] ;xL lgis{if lbg t ;Qm}gYof] t/
cGofosf lj?4 ;+ul7t ?kdf ljb|f]x u/]sf] v08df kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] r]tgfsf]
ljsf; eg] x'“b} uPsf] lyof] . bf;–bf;Lx?sf] ;fgf–;fgf ljb|f]xsf lemNsfsf
aLraf6 :kf6f{s; h:tf ;xf;L g]tfsf] hGd u/fO{ 5f8\of] . :kf6f{s;sf]
g]t[Tjdf z'? ePsf] bf;–bf;Lx?sf] ;+ul7t ;z:q ljb|f]xn] Psflt/ ljZje/sf
bf;–bf;Lx?nfO{ ljb|f]xdf xfdkmfNg k|]l/t u¥of] eg] csf]{lt/ bf; dflnsx?
zf]if0fd"ns /fHo;QfnfO{ v'Nnf xf“s
lbg ;kmn eof] . pQm ljb|f]xsf] ljZjJofkL nx/n] aa{/tfk"0f{ cTofrf/L
bf; dflnsx?sf] /fHo;Qf 9Ng afWo eof] . cem egf}+ bf; ljb|f]xn] l;+uf] bf;
o'usf] r/0fnfO{ ;dfKt kf/L 5f8\of] . of] lyof] >lds ju{n] zf]ifs ju{sf
lj?4 u/]sf] klxnf] ljb|f]x .
bf; o'usf] ;dflKt;“u} ljsf; ePsf] ;fdGtjfbL
;dfhn] zf]if0fsf ?kx?nfO{ gof“ 9+un] ljsf; u¥of] eg] cGt/lj/f]w klg gof“ 9+un]
z'? eof] . lxhf]sf bf;dflnsx? ;fdGtjfbL ;dfhsf ;fdGtsf ?kdf sxlnP eg]
bf;–bf;Lx? ls;fgsf ?kdf kl/eflift x'g k'u] . ls;fg ju{nfO{ :jtGqtfsf]
k|Tofe"lt lbg ;fdGtx?n] pgLx?nfO{ Pp6f ;fgf] 3/ tyf ;fgf] 6'qmf hldgsf]
k|nf]eg lbP/ ;Dk"0f{ kl/jf/sf] k]6 kfNg Go"gtd Hofnfdf clwstd rsf]{
>d ug{ afWo agfOP . ;fdGtju{ tyf ;fdGtjfbL /fHo;Qfn] ls;fgx?sf] ljb|f]x
x'g glbg, ;+ul7t x'g glbg / ljb|f]x eOxfn]df To; ljb|f]xnfO{ bjfpg gof“ gof“
xys08fx? ckgfpg k'Uof] . hftLo e]befj, ljleGg wfld{s s'k|rf/sf ;fy} ;Qfdf
a;]sf JolQmnfO{ /fhf dxf/fhfsf] kbjL lbP/ slyt O{Zj/sf k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf
kl/eflift ul/of] . /fHo;Qfsf] cf8df k'ln;, ;]gf, cfw'lgs xftxltof/,
sfg"g, h]nh:tf ;fwgx?sf] lgdf{0f u/]/ ax';+Vos ls;fgx?sf] lj?4 k|of]u ub{}
nluof] .
;fdGtjfbL ;Qfsf xhf/f}+ xys08fsf jfjh'b ls;fg tyf >lds ju{df
ljb|f]xsf] nx/ a9\b} hfg yfNof] eg] sltko sfNklgs ;dfhjfbL bfz{lgsx?sf]
k|rf/fTds k|efjn] ls;fgx?nfO{ emg} hfu?s u/fp“b}
nUof] . s}of}+ k"“hLjfbL r]tgf af]s]sf JolQmx?sf] pbon] lk5l8Psf]
;fdGtjfbL pTkfbg k|0ffnL tyf zf]if0fsf ?kx?sf lj?4 ljb|f]xdf pqg d2t ub}{
nUof] . ls;fgju{ tyf pbf/ k"“hLjfbLx?sf aLrdf Ps k|sf/sf] ;+o'Qm
df]rf{ sfod x'“b} uof] . ls;fg ju{sf] ljb|f]xn] ljZjJofkL ?k ln+b} uof]
eg] zf]ifs ju{sf d"n k|ltlglw zfifs /fhf–dxf/fhfsf 6fpsf lu+8\g];Ddsf]
:t/df ljb|f]x ;+ul7t x'g k'Uof] . sxfnLnfUbf] bf; o'ub]lv g} zf]if0f,
pTkL8g / bdgsf lj?4 ljb|f]xsf] em08f p7fp“b} cfPsf] zf]lift ju{n] ;fdflhs
cGt/lj/f]wsf] k"0f{ xn ug{ t ;s]sf] lyPg t/ ;dfhdf s}of}+ pynk'yn /
km]/abn Nofpg eg] ;kmn aGb} uPsf] lyof] . t;y{ ls;fg ju{sf] ljZjJofkL
ljb|f]xn] ;fdGtjfbL o'unfO{ ;dfKt kfb}{ nUof] t/ To;sf] 7fp“ of t zf]lift
pTkLl8t ju{n] lng kYof]{ cGoyf Toxf“ zf]ifs ju{n] sAhf hdfO{ 5f8\Yof] .
cflv/L e}lbof] ToxL . ;Qfdf k"“hLjfbL ju{n] ks8 hdfof], pTkfbgsf ;fwg
pgLx?s} xftdf s]lGb|t x'g k'u] . zf;g ;Qfsf] ?k ablnof], zf]if0fsf ?kx?
ablnP, cGt/lj/f]w gof“ 9+un] z'? eof] .
@=dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf]
j}1flgs bz{g / dhb'/ cfGbf]ngM
k"“hLjfbsf] ljsf;n] lk5l8Psf] pTkfbg
k|0ffnLnfO{ lgif]w ug'{sf] ;fy} k"“hLjfbL cfly{s ljsf;df Ps k|sf/sf]
pynk'yn NofOlbof] eg] cfÎgf] ju{sf] cGTo ug]{ nfvf}+ nfv ;j{xf/f dhb'/ ju{x?sf]
hGd
u/fOlbof] . ;fdGtjfbL o'usf] lk5l8Psf] cy{tGqn] ;+s'lrt cj:yfdf /x]sf]
pTkLl8t hgtfsf] r]tgfnfO{ ;d]t k"“hLjfbL ;dfhn] x\jfQ}dfly
p7fOlbof] . k"“hLjfbL ;Qfn] ;fdGtjfbL k5f}6]kgfnfO{ t abNg ;kmn eof]
t/ zf]lift pTkLl8t ju{df gof“ cg'e"lt lbg eg] ;s]g . ls;fg
>ldsx?sf] t'ngfdf ;j{xf/f dhb'/ju{ s]xL :jtGq ePsf] h:tf] cg'e"lt t
b]lvGYof] t/ ;f/df km/s /x]g . k"“hLjfbL ;dfhn] @$ 306fdf !^ 306f;Dd
;j{xf/f dhb'/nfO{ Go"gtd Hofnfdf >d u/fP/ cToflws zf]if0f ug]{ gLlt
ckgfp“b} uP . Pp6} sf/vfgfdf xhf/f}+ xhf/ dhb'/x?n] cfÎgf] >d ub{y] .
t;y{ cfkm"dfly ePsf] >d zf]if0f tyf k"“hLjfbL ;Qfsf] cGofo,
cTofrf/sf lj?4 ;+ul7t x'g / ljb|f]x ug{ bf; bf;L tyf ls;fgx?sf] t'ngfdf cToGt}
;lhnf] jftfj/0f ;d]t k}bf eof] . ;j{k|yd a]nfotaf6 z'? ePsf] ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] ;+ul7t ljb|f]xn] cd]l/sf, O6fnL, k|mfG;, hd{gL / ?;h:tf k"“hLjfbL
b]zx?df Jofks lj:tf/ x'“b} uP .
dhb'/ ljb|f]xsf ;fgf ;fgf lemNsf x'“b}
ljsl;t ePsf] cfGbf]ngn] k"“hLjfbL ;QfnfO{ r'gf}lt lb+b} rfl6{i6 ljb|f]xsf]
:t/;Dd ljsf; x'g k'Uof] . b}lgs sfdsf] 306f sd ug'{ kg]{, Hofnfsf] a[l4
ug'{ kg]{, ;+;bsf] r'gfjdf ef]l6ª\usf] clwsf/ kfpg' kg]{h:tf ;fdfGo k|hftflGqs
dfux? /fv]/ nfvf}+ nfv dhb'/ ju{sf] x:tfIf/ ePsf] dfu kq af]s]/ ;+;bdf a'emfpg
hf“bf eLif0f bdg u/]/ k"“hLjfbL ;Qfn] cfÎgf] r]x/f pbfª\uf] agfof] .
lgz:q dhb'/ ju{sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ bdg u/]/ nfvf}+ nfv dhb'/ ju{nfO{ emg} cfqmf]lzt
t'Nofp“b} nUof] . k"“hLjfbL zf]if0faf6 l;h{gf ePsf] pQm cGt/lj/f]w
bdgaf6 ;fDo x'g] cj:yf lyPg / ePg klg . ljZjJoflk dhb'/x?sf] ljb|f]xn]
k"“hLjfbL /fHo;QfnfO{ 3'“8f 6]sfp“b} nUof] / s]xL sfdsf] 306f 36fpg] tyf
tnj a[l4 ug]{h:tf dfux? k"/f ug{ afWo eP .
nfvf}+ ;j{xf/f ju{sf] ;fd'lxs ljb|f]x /
xhf/f}+ xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf ePsf] d[To'sf] aLraf6 tLj| xf/ / hLt, Iflt / pknlAw;“u}
dhb'/x?n] s]xL ;'wf/fTds k|sf/sf pknlAw t xf“l;n ug{ ;kmn eP t/ cGt/lj/f]wsf]
k"0f{ xn eg] x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . t;y{ ljb|f]xx? lg/Gt/ hlGd/fv]sf
lyP . ljZj dhb'/ cfGbf]ngsf] kl/b[ZonfO{ glhsaf6 lgxfln/x]sf ljZj ;j{xf/f
ju{sf dxfg\ g]tfåo sfn{ dfS;{ tyf k|m]8l/v P+u]N;sf] kxndf ul7t …sDo'lgi6 lnuÚ
/ To;sf] lg0f{o cg'?k tof/ kfl/Psf] / !*$* df k|sflzt ul/Psf] …sDo'lgi6
3f]if0ff kqÚ g} ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] d'lQm tyf cGt/lj/f]wsf] xn ug]{ Ps dfq
j}1flgs bz{g aGg k'Uof] . pQm j}1flgs bz{gsf] hudf 6]s]/ ljZjsf nfvf}+
s/f]8f}+ pTkLl8t hgtfn] ljb|f]xsf] em08f p7fP / p7fO/x]sf 5g\ .
j}1flgs bz{g, /fhg}lts cy{zf:q / j}1flgs
;dfhjfbh:tf dxfg\ o'ufGtsf/L ljrf/sf] ;f/ g} dfS;{jfbL bz{gsf] r'/f] xf] .
ljZjdf bf; o'uLgsfnb]lv l;h{gf ePsf] juL{o cGt/lj/f]wsf] z'?jft, To;sf] ljsf;
k|lqmof / ;dfwfgsf] j}1flgs lgis{if lbOPsf] pQm b:tfj]hsf] k|flKtkZrft\ ljZj
dhb'/ cfGbf]ngn] gof“ ult k}bf u¥of] . c“Wof/f]df 5fd5fd 5'd5'd ul//x]sf]
cGof]nk"0f{ ju{;+3if{n] cfÎgf] af6f] klxNofpg ;kmn eof] . :kf6f{s;sf]
g]t[Tjdf ePsf] bf;bf;Lx?sf] ljb|f]x xf];\ of /fhf dxf/fhfx?sf 6fpsf lu+8\g]
ls;fg ljb|f]x xf]pg\, ;+;bsf] r'gfjdf ef]6 xfNg kfpg] clwsf/sf] Uof/]06Lsf
vflt/ p7]sf ljb|f]x xf]pg\ of sfdsf] 306f 36fpg] Hofnf a[l4 ug{ p7fOPsf rfl6{i6
cfGbf]ngx? xf]pg\ ;a}n] :ki6 j}1flgs af6f]sf] vf]hL ul//x]sf ljb|f]xsf]
z[+vnfnfO{ hf]8\g] sfd sDo'lgi6 3f]if0ff kqn] k"/f u¥of] .
dfS;{jfbsf] oxL j}1flgs xltof/ af]s]/ !*&! df k|mfG;sf pTkLl8t ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] ljb|f]xn] k"“hLjfbL ;QfnfO{ w'nf] r6fP/ ljZjdf klxnf] k6s ;j{xf/f
ju{n] ;Qf cfÎgf] xftdf lnO{ 5f8\of] . dfS;{jfbsf] j}1flgs s8L ;Qfsf tLg
;fwg kf6L{, ;]gf / ;+o'Qm df]rf{h:tf dxTjk"0f{ kIfnfO{ ks8L g;s]sf] cj:yfdf
ePsf] ljb|f]xnfO{ oBlk k"“hLjfbL ;Qfn] &@ lbgdf k'gM bdg ug{ t ;kmn eP
t/ ;j{xf/f ju{n] ;Qf k|fKt ug{ / j}1flgs 9+un] rnfpg ;S5g\ eGg] ;Gb]z ljZj
;d'bfonfO{ lbg'sf ;fy} dfS;{jfbsf] j}1flgstfnfO{ k]l/; sDo'gn] Jojxf/åf/f k'li6
ul/lbof] .
k]l/; sDo'gsf] xf/ kZrft\ s]xL ;+zf]wgjfbL
u2f/x?n] dfS;{jfbnfO{ e|i6Ls/0f u/]/ JofVof ug'{sf ;fy} ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;Qf k|flKtsf] nIoaf6 ljd'v agfP/ s]jn cy{jfbL uf]n rSs/df km;fO{+
/fVg] 7"nf] s;/t ug{ yfn] .
t/, qmflGtsf/Lx?n] k]l/; sDo'gsf] xf/sf] sf/0f ;lxt ;+zf]wgjfbL
u2f/x?sf] 6f6 kN6fOnfO{ e08fkmf]/ ub}{ ljb|fxnfO{ gof“ 9+un] ;dfof]hg ug{
k'u] . !**^ sf] dO{ cfGbf]ngn] ;d]t pQm s'/fsf] k'li6 ub{5 . dO{
cfGbf]ngn] s]jn ;'wf/ xf]Og, Tofu alnbfg / cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] kIfdf
k"“hLjfbL ju{sf] /fHo;Qfsf lj?4 7"nf–7"nf ljb|f]xsf] dfu
ul//x]sf] lyof] .
ljZj
dhb'/ cfGbf]ngdf b]vf k/]sf pu| c/fhstfjfbL, blIf0fkGyL tyf dWokGyL lrGtg h;sf]
;f/ Pp6} / ?kdf km/s 9+un] cfpg] uYof]{ h;sf] Pp6} lgisif{ lyof]
dfS;{jfbk|ltsf] u2f/L . ;j{xf/f ju{sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ sdhf]/ agfpg] ;a} vfn]
cj;/jfbsf lj?4 dfS;{, P+u]N; ;fy} n]lggn] tLj| j}rfl/s ;+3if{ p7fpg' eof] /
cfGbf]ngnfO{ gof“ 9+un] ;+Zn]if0f ug'{ eof] .
dfS;{, P+u]N;sf] d[To'kZrft ;a} bfloTj
k"/f ug]{ ;a} lhDdf n]lggsf] sf“wdf cfO{ k¥of] . n]lggn] ;a} k|sf/sf
cj;/jfb lj?4 tLj| j}rfl/s ;+3if{ cufl8 a9fp“b} ?;L dhb'/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ gof“
9+uaf6 p7fpg' eof] . dhb''/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ cy{jfbL bnbnaf6 dfly p7fp“b}
;Qfsf] k|Zg;“u uf“;]/ ljsf; ug'{ eof] . kf6L{, ;]gf / df]rf{ h:tf k|Zgdf
dfS;{jfbnfO{ bx|f];“u ks8\b} /rgfTds 9+un] yk JofVof ;lxt p7fpg' ePsf] ?;L
dhb'/ ljb|f]xn] !(!& df ?;L qmflGt k"/f ug'{sf ;fy} ljZj qmflGtnfO{
dfly p7fpg lj1fgdf yk ljsf; u/]/ ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{nfO{ dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfbsf] txdf
ljsf; ug'{ eof] . ;fd|fHojfbsf cufl8 3'“8f 6]Sg cj;/jfbL u2f/x?sf]
af]nfjfnf x'“b} uPsf] bf];|f] cGt//f{li6«onfO{ lj36g ub}{ ;fd|fHojfb;“u bx|f]
d'sfljnf ug{ t];|f] OG6/g]zgnsf] u7g u/]/ ljZj qmflGtnfO{ csf]{ prfO{df p7fpg'
eof] .
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfbsf] pRr j}1flgs xltof/nfO{
ks8\b} ls;fg ju{sf] afx'Notf /x]sf] cw{;fdGtL / cw{cf}klgj]lzs cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf]
lrlgof qmflGtnfO{ dfcf]n] csf]{ gof“ 9+uaf6 ;+Zn]if0f ug'{ eof] . dfcf]n]
ls;fgx?sf] ju{ rl/q, ju{ cGt/lj/f]wnfO{ uxg tl/sfn] cWoog ug'{ eof] / qmflGtsf]
:j?k lglZrt ug'{ eof] . dfcf]n] to ug'{ ePsf] 5fkfdf/ sfjf{xL, o'4sf]
bL3{sfnLg rl/q, :yfgLo ;Qf sAhf tyf cfwf/ Onfsf lgdf{0fh:tf qmflGtsf ?kx?sf]
j}1flgs dfGotfsf lj?4 rLgleq} s]xL cj;/jfbLx?n] 6fpsf] gp7fPsf xf]Ogg\ .
t/, dfcf]n] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o cj;/jfbsf lj?4 ltvf] j}rfl/s ;+3if{ 5]8\b}
qmflGt ;DkGg ug'{ eof] . ?;df ePsf] k|ltqmflGtkZrft\ ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
cfGbf]ngdf b]vfk/]sf] cj;/jfb tyf rLgd} b]vfk/]sf] cj;/sf] ;fdgf ug{ cyjf egf}+
k|ltqmflGtnfO{ /f]s]/ ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] /Iff / ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] ;Qfsf] /Iffsf vflt/ ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] z'?jft ug'{ eof] .
;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] yfngLn] ljZj
;j{xf/f ju{sf] cfGbf]ng cufl8 a9fpg / k|ltqmflGtnfO{ /f]Sg Pp6f bl/nf] xltof/
k|fKt u¥of] . :jo+ lrlgof ;j{xf/f ju{sf] kf6L{leq b]vfk/]sf] t]ª\,
No" zfcf]rL, x\jfsf] km]ª\, lng Kofcf]h:tf cj;/jfbL u2f/x?nfO{ cfd hgtfsf
aLrdf gª\Uofpg s]xL xb;Dd sfd t u¥of] t/ To;n] k"0f{tf k|fKt ug{
kfPg . vf; u/L kf6L{leq cj;/jfbsf] ks8 bx|f] x'g', ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts
qmflGtsf] z'?jftsf] l9nfO{, dfcf]sf] d[To'h:tf sf/0fx?n] ubf{ k'gM ;j{xf/f
ju{n] xf/ vfg' k¥of] . qmflGtkZrft\ nuftf/ ePsf k|ltqmflGtx?n] ljZj
;j{xf/f ju{nfO{ gof“ 9+uaf6 ;f]+Rg afWo agfOlbof] . ca ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
qmflGt;“u} k|ltqmflGtnfO{ /f]Sg] k|Zg Tolts} dxTjk"0f{ aGg k'Uof] .
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] pRr j}1flgs
xltof/;“u} tLj| qmflGt / k|ltqmflGtsf] aLraf6 u'h|b} cufl8 a9]sf] ljZj ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] cfGbf]ngn] gof“ of]hgfsf] dfu ul//x]sf] lyof] . x'g t ;+zf]wgjfbn]
hj/h:t ?kdf 6fpsf] p7fO/x]s]f cj:yfdf k]?, 6sL{, lkmlnlkG; / ef/tsf
qmflGtsf/Lx?n] ;z:q ;+3if{sf] z'?jft u/]/ ;j{xf/f ju{nfO{ cfGbf]lnt agfpg k|]l/t
gu/]sf xf]Ogg\ . t/ pgLx?n] dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] j}1flgs ;f/
tTjnfO{ ks8\b} To;nfO{ jt{dfg cj:yfdf /rgfTds 9+un] nfu" ug]{ s}of}+ gof“
j}1flgs ;f]+rx?sf] ljsf; ug]{ k|Zgdf cefj v8\lsPsf sf/0f cfkm}df OdfGbf/ /x“bf
/x“b} klg qmflGtn] lng' kg]{ cfjZostf cg';f/sf] ult k}bf ug{ ;s]g .
g]kfnsf] ;j{xf/f juL{o cfGbf]ng ;d]t of t v'|Zrf]e, t]ª\sf] bnbndf km:g k'Uof]
of t z'4 qmflGtsf/Ltfsf] b'xfO{ lbP/ xf]ShfkyLo h8;"qLo ;+zf]wgjfbdf cfwf
ztfAbL;Dd km:g k'Uof] . ljZj ;j{xf/f juL{o cfGbf]ngdf b]vfk/]sf ;a} vfn]
cj;/jfbsf lj?4 ltvf] ;+3if{ ub}{ * jif{ cufl8 z'? ePsf] g]kfnL qmflGtn]
;+efjgfsf ;f/f 9f]sf vf]lnlbPsf] 5 . ;j{xf/f ju{sf] k|d'v b'Zdg cd]l/sL
;fd|fHojfb;“u cfdg];fdg] 6s/fpb} eLif0f ju{o'4sf] aLraf6
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kysf] gjLgtd ljrf/sf] ;+Zn]if0f eO/x]sf]
5 . PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ljZj
;j{xf/f juL{o cfGbf]ng xf“Sg] j}rfl/s Ifdtf k|r08kyn] lbO/x]sf] 5 . To;}n]
k|r08ky ljZj ;fd|fHojfbsf] s§/ b'Zdg tyf ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] Ps dfq cfzfsf]
s]Gb| alg/x]sf] 5 .
#=k|r08kysf]
gjLgtd ljrf/ / jt{dfg ljZj dhb'/ cfGbf]ngsf] eljioM
ljZjsf] tLg efu dWo] Ps efu hg;+Vof tyf
e"–efusf hgtfn] rnfPsf] ljb|f]xn] dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf j}1flgs
l;4fGtsf cfwf/df k"“hLjfbL k|ltlqmofjfbL ;QfnfO{ w'nf] r6fp“b} ;Qf cfÎgf]
xftdf lnPsf lyP . t/, cfGbf]ngleq 3';]sf ;+zf]wgjfbL u2f/x?sf sf/0f
k|ltqmflGtåf/f ;Qf u'dfpg ;j{xf/f ju{ ljjz eof] . ljZjsf] o; ljifd
kl/l:yltsf] aLraf6 * jif{ cufl8 z'?jft ePsf] g]kfnL qmflGtn] cfh ljZj
qmflGtnfO{ t/+lut dfq agfPsf] 5}g, ;fd|fHojfbnfO{ ;d]t r'gf}tL lb+b} cufl8
al9/x]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL qmflGtsf] z'?jft k"j{ ljZj Oltxf;sf] ef}ltsjfbL cWoog,
ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;sf] cWoog, qmflGt kZrft\ k|ltqmflGtsf
36gfx?sf] j:t'jfbL cWoog, PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLsf] ljZj
kl/l:yltsf] cWoog, g]kfnsf] Oltxf; tyf g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;sf]
cWoog, g]kfnL qmflGtsf] z'?jftsf] d'Vo s8L /xg uPsf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf s=k|r08sf] pQm j:t'jfbL cWoog tyf ljZj ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] g]tfn] ljZj qmflGtdf cfkm"n] v]Ng kg]{ e"ldsf cyjf egf}+
;j{xf/f bfloTj k"/f ug{ @)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! af6 cWoIf s=k|r08sf] g]t[TjbfoL
kxn sbdLdf g]kfnL qmflGtsf] z'?jft eof] . cf7 jif{sf] o; 5f]6f] cjlwdf
g]kfnL qmflGtn] ljZjnfO{ t/+lut agfpg ;Sg' eg]sf] pxf“df /x]sf] k|r'/ j}rfl/s
1fg e08f/, ljifoj:t'nfO{ b]Vg ;Sg] b"/bzL{ Ifdtf, g]t[Tjdf x'g' kg]{
snfTds 1fg / Ifdtf / qmflGtdf ;xefuL qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] jL/tf alnbfgL g} o;sf]
sf/s tTj xf] .
lj=;+=@))^ ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfnsf]
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ tyf ;j{xf/f ju{sf] cfGbf]ng lj=;+=@)%@ ;fn;Dd cfOk'Ubf kf6L{df
6'6km'6, if8oGq, u'6aGbL, cfGbf]ng k|lt wf]vf, u2f/L, ljb]zLx?sf] bnfnL /
b/jf/sf] rfs8Ldf g} Jo:t /x]sf] tLtf] oyfy{ Oltxf;df ;j{ljlbt} 5 . vf; u/L
lj=;+= @))$ af6 z'? ePsf] g]kfnsf] dhb'/ cfGbf]ng tyf @))*÷( ;fnaf6 z'? ePsf]
af/f, k;f{, /f}tx6, s~rgk'/ x'“b} emfkf;Ddsf ls;fg ljb|f]xn] h'g k|sf/sf]
g]t[Tjsf] dfu ul//x]sf] lyof], Tof] bfloTjnfO{ k"/f ug'{sf] ;§f tTsfnLg
kf6L{ g]t[Tjn] cfGbf]ngsf] 3f“6L lgdf]7\b} cfof] . lj=;+= @)!@ ;fndf
b/jf/df k]z ul/Psf] lgj]bg, k~rfotsf] ;d{yg, @)$^ ;fnsf] ;Demf}tf tyf xfnsf]
hgo'4sf] lj?4 nuftf/ ljifjdg ;j{xf/fju{ k|ltsf u2f/Lsf s]xL gd"gf
x'g\ . h;n] cfwf ztfAbL;Dd b]zdf rn]sf] ls;fg ljb|f]x tyf dhb'/
ljb|f]xnfO{ ;Lldt kfb}{ cy{jfbL bnbndf km;fP/ ;'wf/jfbsf] uf]nrSs/df km;fO
/fVg] xs{tx? ub}{ cfP . g]kfnL sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngleq b]vfk/]sf] v'Nnf
;+zf]wgjfb tyf 5b\d ?kdf b]vfk/]sf] h8;"qLo ;+zf]wgjfb, JolQmjfbL
c/fhstfjfb, dWokGyL cj;/jfbsf lj?4 lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ ub}{ qmflGtsf/L n8fs' kf6L{
lgdf{0fdf s=k|r08n] hf]8 lb+b} cfpg' eof] . leq / aflx/ b]vf k/]sf ;a}
k|sf/sf cj;/jfbsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{sf] ;+Zn]lift ?k g} jt{dfg g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
;+Zn]if0f xf] . To;sf] pRrtd\ cleJolQm g} k|r08ky xf] .
g]kfnL qmflGtsf cf7 jif{df jfx\o ju{;+3if{
dfq xf]Og, kf6L{leqsf] b'O{ nfOg ;+3if{n] tLj| ptf/ r9fj kf/ ub}{ Pstf,
;+3if{ / ?kfGt/0fsf] j}1flgs lgodnfO{
ks8]/ oxf“ cfOk'u]sf] 5 . JolQmjfbL c/fhstfjfb, cfnf]s k|j[lt tyf
cfTd;dk{0fjfbL lrGtg dfq xf]Og ljljw vfn] if8\oGqsf/L k|j[ltsf lj?4sf] lg/Gt/
;+3if{n] qmflGtnfO{ of] pRrtf k|bfg ug{ k|r08ky ;kmn /x“b} cfPsf] s'/f :jtM l;4
5 . qmflGtsf] pRrtf;“u} k|ltqmflGt ;d]t 6s/fpg] / kf6L{leq cj;/jfbn]
6fpsf] p7fO/fVg] j}1flgs dfGotfnfO{ qmflGtsf/Lx?n] x/xd]zf cfTd;ft ug}{
kb{5 .
kf6L{leqsf] cj;/jfbsf lj?4sf] lg/Gt/
;+3if{sf aLraf6 ljsf; ePsf] g]kfnL qmflGtn] xf/, hLt, Iflt / pknAwLsf aLraf6
6s/fp“b} cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . qmflGtsf tLg r/0f dWo] /0fg}lts ;'/Iff /
/0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] r/0fnfO{ kf/ ub}{ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] cToGt} hl6n r/0fdf
k|j]z ul/;s]sf] 5 . k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0f cfkm}df hl6n si6;fWo df]8
xf] . g]kfnL qmflGtsf] u'0ffTds 5nfªn] ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{nfO{ cToGt} pT;flxt
agfOlbPsf] 5 eg] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;“usf] cfdg];fdg] 6s/fjn] lrlGtt klg .
t;y{ klg cj g]kfnL qmflGt s]jn g]kfnL ;j{xf/f ju{sf] eljio;“u dfq xf]Og, ljZj
;j{xf/f ju{sf] eljio s] x'g];“u uf“l;g k'u]sf] 5 . ;fd|fHojfb;“usf]
cfdg];fdg] 6s/fj tyf k|Tofqmd0fsf] of]hgfnfO{ k"/f ug{ cyjf s]Gb|Lo ;Qf
k|fKt ug{ ;a}n] cfÎgf] Ifdtf clea[l4 ug{' clgjfo{ alg;s]sf] 5 .
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kysf] cfTd;ftLs/0f dfq xf]Og To;sf] ljsf;df
hf]8 lbP/ dfq ;j{xf/f ju{sf] Tof] bfloTjnfO{ k"/f ug{ ;lsG5 .
O{=;+= !*$& sDo'lgi6 lnusf] u7g,
3f]if0ff kq k|sfzg x'“b} k]l/; ljb|f]x, ?;L qmflGt / lrlgof qmflGt;Dd cfOk'Ubf
dfS;{jfbL j}1flgs ljrf/ dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] :t/;Dd ljrf/ ;+Zn]if0f
x'g k'Uof] eg] ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{n] qmflGtsf b'O{j6f df]8]nsf] ljsf; u¥of],
;j{xf/f dhb'/nfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ agfP/ z'? ul/Psf] ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] ?;L df]8]n tyf
ls;fg ju{nfO{ d'Vo cfwf/ agfP/ z'? ul/Psf] bL3{sfnLg ;z:q hgo'4sf] lrlgof
df]8]n . t/ cfh cf7 jif{sf] g]kfnL qmflGtn] 5fkfdf/ o'4 / ;xl/of ;z:q
ljb|f]xsf aLrdf Îo"hg clgjfo{ cfjZostfsf] dxTjnfO{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8
;f/]/ ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] qmflGtsf] /0fgLltnfO{ gof“ 9+uaf6 cufl8 a9fpg] gjLgtd
;f]+rsf] ljsf; u/]sf] 5 . k|r08kyn] cufl8 ;f/]sf] pQm ljrf/n] bL3{sfnLg
hgo'4sf] gfddf 5fkfdf/ uf]nrSs/jfbdf km:g] unt lrGtg tyf ljb|f]xsf] gfddf qmflGtsf]
z'?jft g} gug]{ lrGtgsf lj?4 tLj| k|xf/ ub}{ qmflGtsf/Lx?nfO{ u'0ffTds 9+un]
r]tgfsf] clea[l4 ug{ k|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . qmflGtnfO{ eljiosf] ljifo agfP/
;j{xf/f ju{nfO{ e|ddf kf/]/ uf]nrSs/df km;fpg] 5b\d cj;/jfbnfO{ ;d]t pQm
;f]+rn] g/fd|f];“u emfk8 xfg]sf] 5 .
ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] qmflGtn] qmflGtsf] cufj}
/ qmflGtsfndf dfq xf]Og, qmflGt kZrft\ a]xf]g{' k/]sf] Ifltk|lt klg k|r08ky
cToGt} ;hu / ;ts{ /x]sf] 5 . vf; u/L k]l/; sDo'gsf] xf/, ?;L tyf lrlgof
qmflGt kZrft\ ePsf k|ltqmflGtsf b'MvfGt 36gfx? ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf r'gf}tLsf
ljifox? x'g\ . ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf ;fd'Gg]
6s/fPsf pQm r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug{ ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtaf6 cufl8 a9\g]
lgisif{sf ;fy ljutdf ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{n] k|fKt ug{ g;s]sf gof“ ljifo j:t'x?sf]
hGd k|r08kyn] u/fPsf] 5 . Ps ;do qmflGtsf/L /x]sf] kf6L{ g]t[Tj csf]{ s'g}
;do k|ltqmflGtsf/L klg x'g ;S5 eGg] j}1flgs dfGotfnfO{ cufl8 ;fb}{ afx\o
ju{;+3if{;“u} kf6L{leqsf] b'O{nfOg ;+3if{nfO{ lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVg cfd sfo{stf{
k+lQm / hg;d'bfonfO{ ;hu u/fPsf] 5 . kf6L{, ;]gf / ;/sf/nfO{ x/xd]zf hgtfsf]
lgu/fgLdf /fVb} cfd hgtfnfO{ ;z:qLs/0f ug]{ gof“ cjwf/0ffn] qmflGtnfO{ Ps
k|sf/sf] prfOdf k'¥ofpg'sf ;fy} k|ltqmflGtnfO{ /f]Sg] alnof] j}rfl/s, /fhgLlts
tyf ;f+u7flgs cfwf/ tof/ kf/]sf] 5 . o; k|sf/sf gof“ tyf gf}nf ljrf/x?n]
;+zf]wgjfbsf] lr/kmf/ ub}{ eljiodf k|ltqmflGtnfO{ /f]Sg ;j{xf/f ju{nfO{ j}rfl/s
v'/fs k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . t;y{ k|r08ky cj s]jn g]kfnL ;j{xf/f ju{sf] dfq
xf]Og ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] dfu{bz{s l;4fGt alg;s]sf] 5 . dfcf]sf]
lgwgkZrft\ ef}lts z/L/ ;lxtsf] cGt/f{li6«o j}rfl/s g]tfsf] cefj dx;'; ul//x]sf]
;j{xf/f ju{sf] dhb'/ cfGbf]ngn] ef}lts z/L/ ;lxtsf] g]t[Tj k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf]
5 . t;y{ ljZj dhb'/ cfGbf]ng gof“ lz/faf6 ljb|f]xdf kl/0ft x'g] lglZrt
k|foM 5 .
$=g]kfnL
dhb'/ cfGbf]ngsf] efjL /0fgLltM
g]kfnsf] /fHo;Qfdf nfdf] ;dob]lv ;fdGtjfbsf]
ks8 /x“b} cfPsf] sf/0f cf}Bf]lus ljsf; cToGt} k5fl8 k/]sf] / obfsbf ljsf; x'g
vf]h] klg ;fdGt, bnfn, k"“hLkltsf] afx'Notf /x“b} cfPsfn] cf}Bf]lus ljsf;
guGo dfqdf /x“b} cfPsf] 5 . hlt dhb'/x?n] cfÎgf] /f]hL/f]6Lsf] lgldQ >d
ul//x]sf dhb'/x?sf] Hofnf ;d]t cToGt} Go"g /x]sf sf/0f pgLx?sf] hLjg
cToGt} bogLo cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . >d ul//x]sf] dhb'/x?sf] cj:yf Psflt/
o:tf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ nfvf}+ nfv lzlIft a]/f]huf/ tyf e"ldxLg s[lif
dhb'/x?sf] 7"nf] ;+Vof b}lgs hLjg ofkgsf] rk]6fdf 56\k6fO/xsf] cj:yf
5 . o; k|sf/sf] zf]if0f, bdg, cGofo, cTofrf/ / a]/f]huf/L ;d:ofsf] lj?4
nuftf/ ;+3if{ x'“b} cfPsf] klg 5 . t/, ;j{xf/f ju{sf] kf6L{n]
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf j}1flgs dfu{bz{s l;4fGtsf] cfTd;ftLs/0fsf] cefjsf
sf/0f g]t[Tj ;+zf]wgjfbL lbzfdf efl;b} uP/ cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj ug{ ;s]g .
a? cfGbf]ngnfO{ cy{jfbL uf]nrSs/df km;fP/ 3f“6L lgdf]7\g] sfo{ x'“b} cfPsf
lyP .
g]kfnL ;j{xf/f ju{sf log} kL8fx?sf] ;+Zn]if0fsf ?kdf cf7 jif{b]lv ;~rflnt hgo'4n] cfd dhb'/ ls;fg tyf a]/f]huf/ o'jfx?sf] efjgf ;d]6\g ;kmn ePsf] 5 . vf; u/L o'4;“u} s}of}+ lhNnfx?df ls;fgx?n] u/]sf afnL sAhfsf ljb|f]xfTds of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog tyf dhb'/ cfGbf]ngsf ;kmn x8\tfnx?n] efjL ljb|f]xsf] ;+s]t ul//x]sf] 5 . k|r08kyn] ljsf; u/]sf] bL3{sfnLg hgo'4 / ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] Îo"hgsf] j}1flgs /0fgLltnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{ To;nfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg{' eg]sf] dhb'/ ls;fgsf] ;+o'Qm ljb|f]xnfO{ ;+ul7t ug'{ xf] . lzlIft o'jf a]/f]huf/sf] /f]hL/f]6Lsf] Joj:yfsf] Uof/]06L tyf /f]huf/ dhb'/x?sf] /f]huf/Lsf] Uof/]06L / plrt Hofnfsf] lgldQ ljb|f]x p7fpg' xf] . e"ldxLg ls;fgx?n] ;fdGtsf hldg sAhf ub}{ ;dfg'kflts 9+un] ljt/0f ug'{, afnL sAhf ug'{ jt{dfg cfGbf]ngsf] pb]Zo xf] . o;/L dfq k|fKt clwsf/sf] /Iff tyf efjL s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhfsf] /0fgLltnfO{ 7Ls 9+un] sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsG5 . To;}n] cfufdL lbgdf dhb'/ ls;fg tyf a]/f]huf/ o'jfx?nfO{ ljb|f]xdf ptf/f}+, ;fd|fHojfbsf] cf8df l6s]sf] k'/fgf] ;fdGtjfbL ;QfnfO{ k/f:t ub}{ s]Gb|Lo ;Qf k|flKtsf] cleofgdf Ps l9Ssf eP/ cufl8 a9f}+ † q