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jif{ !# c+s $), ebf} !%, @)^! Year 13, Issue 40, August 31, 2004 |
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sf7df8f}+÷ b]zdf ;}Gos/0fsf] k|lqmof tLj| kf/]sf] k'/fgf] ;Qflj?4 b]zJofkL cfGbf]ngsf] nx/ l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f hf/L hgxTof, lu/Îtf/L / a]kQfsf lj?4 g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_ / ljleGg hg;+u7gx?n] cfGbf]ng cl3 a9fO/x]s} avt ut zlgjf/ sf+u|]; ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ /fhwfgLjflx/ hfg zfxL ;]gfn] /f]s]sf] 36gfn] cfGbf]ngsf] cfuf]df l3p yKg] sfd u/]sf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qf d} rf/ k6s;Dd k|wfgdGqL eO;s]sf sf]O/fnfdfly zfxL ;]gfn] u/]sf] Jojxf/n] Jofks hgcfqmf]z l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . cfÎg} bfh'sf] a+z ljgfz u/]/ /fhf ag]sf 1fg]Gb| k/dflwklt /x]sf] zfxL ;]gfaf6 ePsf] of] 36gfn] ;fdGtL /fhfn] b]znfO{ ;}Gos/0fsf] jf6f]df nu]sf] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 .
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k|ltudglj?4 cfGbf]ng/t bnx? ;d]t pQm 36gfkl5 ;8s cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;zQm agfpg ;xdt
ePsf 5g\ eg] o'jf ljBfyL{x?n] ljleGg ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul//x]sf
5g\ . g]kfnL qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{x?sf] ;femf ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo'-qmflGtsf/L_sf
cWoIf n]vgfy Gof}kfg]n] Ps lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfdfly ePsf] pQm
ckdfgk"0f{ 36gfsf] lgGbf / eT;{gf ub}{ To;sf lj?4 o'jf ljBfyL{x?4f/f
3f]lift ;+3if{k|lt b[9 P]Soj4tf hfx]/ ug'{ ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] pQm 36gfn]
zfxL lg/+s'ztfn] ;fdGtL clwgfosTjsf] lj/f]w ;'Gg} rfx“b}g eGg] k'li6 u/]sf]
jtfpb} dWoo'uLg ;fdGtL kmf;LjfbL zf;g yf]kg{ vf]lh/x]sf] ;fdGtL /fhtGqsf] cGTo
u/L u0ftGq :yfkgfsf] lbzfdf cl3 a9g ;a} nf]stflGqs zlQmx?df cfu|x ug'{ ePsf]
5 .
sf+u|];
;efklt lul/hf sf]O/fnfdfly zfxL ;]gfn] /fhwfgL jflx/ hfg /f]s nufPsf] 36gf
;fj{hlgs eP nuQ} ut zlgjf/b]lv cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf o'jf ljBfyL{x?n] u0ftGqsf]
gf/fn] ;8s ttfPsf 5g\ . ut cfOtjf/ cfof]lht sf7df8f+} pkTosf jGb sfo{qmd
k"0f{ ;kmn /x]sf] 5 eg] k|d'v zx/x?df ;d]t /fhtGqlj?4 o'jf ljBfyL{x?sf]
cfGbf]ngn] gof“ ult lnPsf] 5 . ;fdGtL k|ltudglj?4 cfGbf]ng/t sf+u|];,
hgdf]rf{;lxtsf rf/ bnn] efb| !! ut] /fhwfgLdf Ps lj/f]w h'n'zsf] cfof]hgf u/L
gof“ r/0fsf] cfGbf]ng cl3 a9fpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . ebf} !* ut] rf/ bnn]
sf7df8f}+df ljzfn lj/f]w k|b{zg / ;efsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf 5g .
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oxL efb| ! ut]b]lv /fhf 1fg]Gb| / pgsf cfkmGtx?sf] nufgL /x]sf Ps bh{g pBf]u
Joj;fo jGb u/fp“b} cfPsf] clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3n] cd]l/sL nufgL /x]sf
;a} pwf]u Joj;fox? ;d]t aGb u/fOg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL hgo'4
bafpg g]kfnsf] ;}Go ;QfnfO{ ;xof]u ub}{ cfO/x]sf] / cfGbf]ng/t dfcf]jfbL
qmflGtsf/L / To; lgs6sf ;+u7gnfO{ cft+ssf/Lsf] cf/f]k yf]k/]/ cfly{s gfsfjGbL
3f]if0ff u/]sf] cd]l/sfsf] nufgL /x]sf pBf]u Joj;fo jGb u/fOg] 3f]if0ffn]
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] lgb x/fd ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
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cfGbf]ngsf] 3]/fdf k/]sf] k'/fgf] ;Qf eg] cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf dfux? k"/f
ug'{sf] ;f6f] bdg s} efiff jf]ln/x]sf] 5 . /fhg}lts lgsf;sf] 9f]sf jGb
u/]/ ;}Go bdgdf pq]sf] k'/fgf] ;Qfn] …dfcf]jfbL;“u jftf{ ug{ ;/sf/ tof/ /x]sf]Ú
egL jftf{sf] ;:tf] k|rf/ ul//x]sf]df l;+uf] gful/s ;dfh / /fhg}lts zlQmx?
cfqmf]lzt jlg/x]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] ljBdfg åGb ;dfwfg ug{ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf]
;xeflutfdf jftf{ / ;j{kIfLo ;Dd]ng u/L cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] lgdf{0f / ;+ljwfg;efsf]
r'gfj ul/g' kg]{ kIfdf l;+uf] b]z Ps x'“bf klg k'/fgf] ;Qfn] To;nfO{ c:jLsf/
ul//xg'n] pm jftf{df ge} u[xo'4 cl3 a9fpg] kIfdf /x]sf] k|i6 x'G5 .
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b]zdf ;}Gos/0fsf] k|lqmof tLj| kfg{ ;fdGtL ;Qfn] ljb]zL ;fd|fHojfbL /
lj:tf/jfbL zlQmx?;“usf] ;f“7uf“7nfO{ cem} a9fPsf] kfOPsf] 5 . ut xKtf
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] ;/sf/df ;fd]n /fk|kf / Pdfn]sf g]tfx? qmdzM kz'klt zd;]/ /f0ff /
dfwjs'df/ g]kfn /ftf/ft lbNnL b/jf/ k'u]/ uf]Ko dGq0ff u/L kms]{ nuQ} k|wfgdGqL
b]pjf / /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] lbNnL e|d0f ug]{ ;fj{hlgs eO;s]sf] 5 . lo e|d0fx?df
Psdfq k|fs[lts ;|f]tsf] ?kdf /x]sf g]kfnsf yk gbL–gfnf ef/tnfO{ ;'Dk]/ b]zsf]
/fli6«otf lj?4 yk if8oGq / ;f}bfjfhL x'g ;Sg] c8sn sfl6Psf] 5 .
sdf08
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g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:o ;d]t /xg' ePsf
k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo sdf08 OGrf{h s=afbnn] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt u/L ut efb| * ut]
l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] r]x]/]df zfxL ;]gfdfly hgd'lQm ;]gfn] u/]sf] cfqmd0fsf]
lhDd]jf/L lng'ePsf] 5 . jxf“n] cfÎgf] jQmJodf ;f] sfjf{xLsf] oyfy{ ljj/0f
lbg'x“'b} sfjf{xLdf ;+nUg hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sld;f/, sdf08/, ;b:ox?, :yfgLo kf6L{
k+lQm / hg;d'bfo xflb{s wGojfb tyf awfO lbg'ePsf] 5 .
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s=afbnåf/f hf/L jQmJodf elgPsf] 5–æ @)^! efb| * ut] ljxfg !) ah] c/lgsf]
/fhdfu{ l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] r]x]/]df ePsf] kmfOl/ª PDa';sf] xfdL cfd;~rf/ dfWod\
Pj+ hg;d'bfodf :ki6 kfg{ rfxG5f+} . * ut] ljxfg l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] afXla;]
Jof/]saf6 c/lgsf] /fhdfu{df /fv]sf] ca/f]w x6fp“b} r]x]/]df cfOk'u]sf] zfxL
cd]l/sL ;]gfdfly hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn k"jL{ l8lehg cGt{ut kf“rf}+ lau|]8sf]
laz]if sfo{bnn] PnPdhL ;lxtsf] cfw'lgs xltof/åf/f kmfOl/ª PDj'; u/L 36gf:yndf
g} & hgf b'Zdgsf] ;kmfof, # hgf 3fOt] / cGo s]xL b'Zdg glhs}sf] ;'gsf]zL
vf]nfdf ;d]t xfdkmfn]sf 5g\ .
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hgd'lQm ;]gfn] pQm PDj';af6 @ OGr df]6f/ ! yfg, ;f]sf] ;]n % yfg, PnPdhL ! yfg,
;f] sf] uf]nL $&* j6f, OG;f; /fOkmn & yfg, ;f] sf] DofUhLg #^ yfg,
uf]nL @$(^ j6f, dfph/ ! yfg ;f]sf] DofUhLg @ yfg, ;f]sf] uf]nL @! j6f, ;~rf/
;]6 ! j6f , #^ Xof08 lu|g]6 !# j6f / !@)) gub sAhf ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 .
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nfesf] sfdgf ub{5' ;fy} sfaf{xLdf ;xefuL sdf08/, sld;f/ nufot ljz]if sfo{bnsf
;Dk"0f{ of]4f sd/]8x? / ;xof]uL :yfgLo kf6L{ k+lQm Pj+ ;Dk"0f{
hg;d'bfodf k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo x]8Sjf6/sf] tkm{af6 xflb{s awfO tyf wGojfb 1fkg
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a]kQfjf/] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] rf;f]
g]kfndf k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f
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/ PDg]i6Låf/f To;k|lt uDeL/ lrGtf hfx]/ ul/Psf] 5 . a]kQf;DaGwL
cGt/f{li6«o lbj;-cu:t #)_sf] cj;/ kf/L /fi6« ;+3åf/f cfOtaf/ hf/L ul/Psf]
jQmJodf elgPsf] 5 æ/fHon] a]kQf ug]{ u/]sf 36gfn] dfgjLo ;+s6 Pj+ dfgjclwsf/sf]
uDeL/ pNn+3g lgDTofpg] b]lvPsf] 5 . o:tf tYof+s / :yflkt s]xL
dfgjclwsf/;Da4 ;+:yfx¿n] hfx]/ u/]sf tYoaf6 g]kfnsf] l:ylt emg\ hl6n aGb} uPsf]
k|l:6G5 .Æ
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uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 . To:t} g]kfn dfgjclwsf/ ;+u7gn]
/fHoåf/f gful/s a]kQf kfl/Psf]df To;sf] lj?4 bfo/ u/]sf] d'2fdf ;jf]{Rr cbfntn]
;/sf/nfO{ sf/0f b]vfp cfb]z hf/L u/]sf] 5 . /fHoåf/f a]kQf kfl/Psf $ ;o ##
gful/ssf] ;"rL ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf]df b'O{ ;ftfcufl8 ;/sf/åf/f ul7t 5fglag
;ldltn] hDdf @$ hgfsf] gfd ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] hgfp“b} g]kfn dfgjclwsf/ ;+u7gn] l/6
bfo/ u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . pQm l/6df !% lbg leq lnlvt hjfkm k]z ug{
ljkIfLx?nfO cfb]z lbOPsf] 5 .
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zfxL ;]gfsf] ;kmfof
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf of]4fx?n]
a'6jn gu/kflnsfsf] Jo:t xf6ahf/df oxL efb| !@ ut] ;fOsndf ;fbf kf];fsdf xltof/
af]sL u:tL ul//x]sf b'O{ zfxL ;]gfnfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf of]4fn] ;kmfof u/L b'O{
yfg P;PdhL / $ a6f DoflUhg sAhf u/L
;s'zn pDsg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
;kmfof ePsf zfxL ;]gfdf
/0fzfb"n{ u0fdf sfo{/t lbjfgl;+x sfsL{ / /fdz/0f /fgf /x]sf 5g\ .
To;}u/L b"w/fIf uflj;–% u9jf 3/ ePsf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k"j{ xjNbf/
dfgaxfb'/ >]i7nfO{ efb| !@ ut] dfcf]jfbL ?kGb]xLn] cfÎgf sfo{stf{lj?4 ;'/fsL
u/]sf] cf/f]kdf ;kmfof u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L u'NdLsf] ;b/d'sfd tD3f; glhs}
b]p/fnLl:yt ;}lgs r]skf]:6df hgd'lQm ;]gfn] z'qmaf/ laxfg zlQmzfnL 6fOdad
lj:kmf]6 u/fpbf ;}lgs kf]:6 k"0f{¿kdf Ifltu|:t ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L ut
zlgjf/ hg;]gfn] sf7df8f}+sf] gof“ j;kfs{df k|x/L ;O{ /fhg >]i7sf] ;kmfof u/L
lgh;“u ePsf] Ps yfg k]itf]n / ;+rf/ ;]6 sAhf u/]sf 5g . k|x/L ;O{ >]i7
pkTosf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|d'v gfoa k|x/L dxflg/LIfs czf]s >]i7sf efO x'g\ .
k'/fgf]
;Qfsf lgjf{rg cfo'QmnfO{ /flhgfdf ug{ cfu|x
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
pkTosf ljz]if ;+u7gsf ;+of]hs k|efls/0f / pkTosf ljz]if sfo{bnsf sdf08/ leif0f
k|efls/0fn] ut efb| !! ut] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt u/L k'/fgf] ;Qfsf lgjf{rg cfo'Qm
s]zj /fhe08f/L nufot % hgf s]Gb|Lo cfo'Qmx?nfO{ $ lbgleq /flhgfdf ug{ cg'/f]w
ug'{ePsf] 5 .
jxf“x?åf/f
hf/L jQmJodf elgPsf] 5–æ;j{xf/f ju{sf] cu|b:tf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
-dfcf]jfbL_n] ;+rfng ul//x]sf] dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ( aif{sf] cjlwdf o'4sf ljleGg
r/0fx? kf/ ub{} /0fg}ltsf k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0f ;Dd cfO{k'Ubf b]zsf] *) k|ltzt
e'uf]n >dhLjLsf] xftdf k'u]sf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 . cfh b]zdf b'O{ j6f ;Qfsf]
ljrdf k|ToIf 6s/fjsf] l:ylt 5 . >dhLjL hgtfn] clwsf+z e'uf]ndf jf:tljs hg;Qfsf] ;+rfng ul//x]sf] 5 .
/ k'/fgf] ;Qf zx/ / ;b/d'sfddf dfq l;ldt x'g k'u]sf] of] ljlzi6 cj:yfdf d'Vo
/fhg}lts ljifo ;j{kIfLo ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf]
ljifodf gu}Osg xTof lx+;f, bdg, w/kSs8 / xltof/sf] e/df k'/fgf] ;Qf l6sfpg
r'[gfj u/fpg] ;lsG5 eGg] ;f]r]sf] 5 eg] Tof]] s]an lbjf ;kgf dfq x'g]5 .
h;/L k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] s]Gb|Lo lgjf{rg cfof]un] lgjf{rgsf] gf6s d+~rg ub}{ 5,
clxn] of] ;+lugdo 3l8df lgjf{rg ug{ vf]Hg' eg]sf] cfd hgtfsf] sTn] cfd ug{' xf], /utsf] e]n aufpg' xf], hgtfsf]
nfzsf] vf6 agfpg' xf] . To;}n] k'/fgf] ;QFsf] s]Gb|Lo lgjfr{gsf] cfo'Qm
s]zj /fhe08f/L nufot % hgf s]Gb|Lo cfo'Qmx?nfO{ o;} k|]z aStAo dfkm{t $ lbg
leqdf lgjf{rgsf] cfo'Qm kbaf6 /flhgfdf ug{ cg'/f]w ul/G5 . of] cg'/f]wnfO{
a]jf:tf ul/Pdf To;af6 pTkGg x'g] uDeL/ kl/0ffdsf] lhDd]jf/ lgjf{rg cfo'Qm :jo+
x'g'kg{] 5 .
cfh
b]zdf ;/sf/ 5 ls 5}g yfxf 5}g, s7k'6nL ;/sf/ xTof, ckx/0f, a]kQf kfg{] h:tf lbg
rof{df g} ljt]sf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;QFn] a]kQf kfl/Psf ;Dk'0f{ gful/sx?nfO{ !
dlxgf leq ;fj{hlgs ug{] eg]sf] slyt if8oGqsf] tfgfa'gf dfq xf] . olb tTsfn a]kQF kfl/Psf
gful/sx?nfO{ ;fj{hlgs / cf:yfsf aGbLx?nfO{ l/xf gu/]df pkTosfsf tLg} lhNnfdf
clglZrtsflng s8f eGbf s8f sfo{qmdx? NofOg] hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .Æ
clvn g]kfn 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3åf/f e|dk"0f{ k|rf/sf]
v08g
clvn g]kfn 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf cWoIf
zflns/fd hDs6]nn] ebf} !@ ut] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt u/L eGg' ePsf] 5 æefb| !! ut]
g]kfnsf ljb]zL nufgLdf /x]sf ax'/f{li6«o sDkgL ;Da4 /fi6«x?n] jt{dfg xfd|f]
;+u7gsf] tkm{af6 hfl//x]sf] clglZrtsfnLg pBf]u k|lti7fg aGb ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmdx?
k|lt b]vfPsf] rf;f] sf] ljifodf ;+u7gsf] wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs u/L lgsfn]sf]
jQmJonfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ xfn hf/L ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd lkmtf{ ePsf] elg s]xL
;~rf/dfWodx?n] k|zfl/t Pj+ k|sflzt va/k|lt xfd|f] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] 5 .Æ
pxf“n] cufl8 eGg' ePsf] 5 æxfd|f] ;+u7gsf] ax'/f{li6«o sDkgLx? ;DjGwL cab]lvsf]
gLlt g]kfndf cfÎgf] nufgL u/]/ pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng ul//x]sf ax'/f{li6«o sDkgLx?
dWo] cd]l/sfsf] nufgL k/]sf] ax'/f{li6«o sDkgLx? afx]ssf cGo /fi6«x?sf] nufgLdf
;~rflnt ax'/f{li6«o sDkgLx?nfO{ cfÎgf] pBf]u Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ lbg] eGg] /x]sf]
5 . clxn] hf/L ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx? cGt{ut aGb /x]sf pBf]u k|lti7fgx? ;/sf/
/ pBf]u Joj;foLx?n] xfd|f] ;+u7gsf] tkm{af6 k]z u/]sf] dfux? k"/f gu/];Dd
lkmtf{ gx'g] s'/f :ki6 kfg{ rfxG5f}+ . olb ;/sf/ / pBf]u Joj;foLn] xfd|f]
dfu k"/f gu/]df l5§} yk ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug]{ hfgsf/L u/fpg
rfxG5f}+ .Æ
o;cl3 efb| !! ut] jxf“åf/f g} k|sflzt
jQmJodf g]kfndf ljleGg b]zx?sf] nufgLdf ;~rflnt ;a} ax'/f{li6«o sDkgLx?nfO{
g]kfnaf6 tTsfn lj:yflkt ug]{ cfÎgf] ;+u7gsf] gLlt g/x]sf] atfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
t/ jxf“n] æg]kfnsf] ;a} If]qdf x:tIf]k ub}{ cfPsf] / g]kfnL hgtfn] cfkm\gf]
d'lQmsf] lglDt rnfPsf] Gofok"0f{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ bafpg xftxltof/, ;}Go tflnd,
cd]l/sL /fhb'tx? lgoldt ;]gfsf k[tgfx?df 3'Dg] / ;]gfnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] nufotsf
;xof]u ul//x]sf] x'gfn] cd]l/sfsf] nufgLdf ;~rflnt g]kfndf /x]sf ;Dk"0f{
ax'/f{li6«o sDkgLx? ;w}+sf nflu aGb ul/g] hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f} .Æ eGb}
cd]l/sf afx]ssf cGo /fi6«x?nfO{ xfd|f] dfux? k"'/f ug{ ;xof]u ul/lbg'x'g
cg'/f]w ub}{ cfkm\gf] pBf]u Joj;fo oyfjt ;~rfng ug{ cg'/f]w ug'{'ePsf] lyof] .
;fd"lxs hgjfbL ljjfx
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/fd]5fksf] cfof]hgfdf xfn} ;fd"lxs hgjfbL ljjfxsf] cfof]hgf ul/of] .
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn, kfrf} lju|]8 cGt{ut !$ cf} j6flnog sdf08/ hLjLt / kf6L{sf]
/fd]5fk lhNnf ;]qm]6l/o6 ;b:o l;h{gf, hgd'lQm ;]gf k'jL{ l8lehg d]l8sn ljefu
OGrfh{ gjLg / kf6L{sf] bf]nvf lhNnf ;b:o bLkf, !$ cf} j6flnog ;L sDkgL cGtu{t @
gDj/ Knf6'g sdf08/ ldng / ;f]xL Knf6'gsf ;xfos sdf08/ c?0ffaLr Ps sfo{qmddf
hgjfbL ljjfx ;DkGg eof] .
/fd]5fk hg;/sf/ k|d'v bfjf nfdfsf] ;efkltTj
/ !$ cf} j6flnogsf ;xfos sdf08/ /fdhLsf] ;+rfngdf ;DkGg hgjfbL ljjfx ;df/f]xdf
dfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o b]zjGw', kfrf} lj|u]8sf ;xfos sdf08/ kfj]n, dfcf]jfbL
bf]nvf OGrfh{ cl:dtf / /fd]5fk OGrfh{ nlntn] cltlysf] ?kdf j}jflxs hf]8LnfO{
z'esfdgf dGtJo JoQm ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pxf“x?n] qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] ljjfx ;w}
qmflGtk|lt g} ;dlk{t /xg'kg]{ jtfpg' ePsf] lyof] .
cg]/f:jljo'-qmflGtsf/L_sf] k|]; jQmJo
cfd ljBfyL{sf] /fhgLlts :jtGqtf / z}lIfs
clwsf/sf ;fy} lzIff If]qdf eO/x]sf] lj:tf/jfbL tyf ;fd|fHojfbL x:tIf]k,
Jofkf/Ls/0f, r/d cfly{s zf]if0f, dflkmofs/0f nufotsf r/d ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf
lj?4df nl8/x]sf] xfd|f] ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ åf/f jftf{ / ;+jfbsf]
dfWodaf6 ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ug{ ;Dk"0f{ tof/Lx? k"/f u/L kl5Nnf] k6s
jftf{ 6f]nLsf] gfd ;d]t ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] ;j{ljlbt} 5 .
slyt zflGt
If]q agfpg] /fu cnfk]/ ;/sf/n] jftf{sf] afxgf ub{} slyt cft+ssf/Lsf] cf/f]k
lkmtf{ ul/P kl5 dfq} ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o a}s'07 kf]v/]nnufot bh{g g]tf
sfo{stf{sf] xTof / bh{gf}+ g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L a]kQf kfl//x]sf]
5 . o;} qmddf kl5Nnf] k6s oxL efb| ( ut] :yfgLo:t/df ul7t pRr :t/Lo z}lIfs
;dGjo ;ldlt;“u jftf{sf] lglDt hfg] qmddf ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o xl/z/0f cfrfo{ /
;b:o b'uf{ ljsnfO{ sf:sLsf] k'lDb d'lDb hfg] qmddf af6f]af6} lu/km\tf/ u/L
a]kQf kf/]sf] 5 .
;+u7g cljnDa pxf“x?sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs u/L
l/xf ug{ hf]8bf/ cfu|x ub{5 . ;fy} pxf“x?sf] hLjg /Iff / l/xfsf] kxn ug{
cfd ljBfyL{, cleefjs, kqsf/, gful/s ;dfh, lzIff ;Da4 lgsfonufot ;Dk"0f{
hg;d'bfonfO[ cfly{s cfu|x ub{5 .
cfÎg} 3f]lift j}wflgs sfg'gsf] kfngf ug{ ;d]t ;t{jfhL ug{] of]
;/sf/n] jftf{ / ;+jfbsf] gfddf ;+u7g ;+u7g lj?4 uDeL/ if8\oGq ul//x]sf]
5 . OdfGbf/L k"j{s jftf{sf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{] eGbf klg jftf{sf]
afxfgfdf xfd|f g]tf sfo{stf{x/sf] lu/km\tf/ / xTof ug{] h:tf] huGo ck/fw
ul//x]sf] k|lt ;r]t x'g xfdL ;DalGwt ;a}nfO{ cfu|x ub{5f}+ . ;fy}
lu/km\tf/ ul/Psfx?sf] l/xf gu/] hg k|lt/f]wdf hfg] r]tfjgL ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ lbg
rfxG5f}+ .
ldlt M
@)^!÷%÷!!
n]vgfy Gof}kfg]
cWoIf
cg]/f:jljo"
-qmflGtsf/L_
t/fOdf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] nx/
dxf]Q/L÷ o; lhNnf cGtu{t @ g+ Pl/ofn]
ljhnk'/ ufh; j8f g+ @ cGtu{t /fd hfgsLsf] u'7Lsf] hldg $) 3/ w'/L e"ldxLg
ls;fgnfO{ a;f]af;sf] nflu ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
pQm hldg % s6\7f :s'n ejgsf] nflu
5'6\ofOPsf] 5 eg] ;f] :yfgdf vfg]kfgLsf] sn lgdf{0f u/L :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ /fxt
k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
To;}u/L ;f]xL lhNnf cGtu{t s} /fdgu/
O{+6f6f/b]lv /fdgu/ lrgL ldn;Dd hfg] # ls=dL af6f] lgdf{0f sfo{ hg;xeflutfaf6
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L pQm lhNnfs} xflQn]8 ufh;nfO{ x6fP/ zxLb eujtL
:ofªtfg / s[i0fk'/ /fgfsf] gfdaf6 pQm ufh;sf] gfd …eujtL s[i0fk'/Ú gfdfs/0f
ul/Psf] 5 eg] pQm ufh;df zxLb rf}tf/f] klg lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
To;}u/L dxf]Q/L lhNnf @ g+ Pl/ofn] ;f]xL
lhNnfs} yf? 6f]n aGb|fjf;df lkm;'g ofbjn] !* yfg kmNnL ;v'jf t:s/L u/L nf“b}
u/]sf] cj:yfdf uf8f ;lxt lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ( xhf/df uf8f lnnfd ul/Psf] 5 eg] lgh
t:s/LnfO{ cfOGbf To:tf] uNtL gbf]¥ofpg r]tfjgL lb+b} d'Qm ul/lbPsf] 5 .
pbok'/df dfemL e]nf ;DkGg
dfemL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfn pbok'/sf]
k|yd lhNnf e]nf ut ;fpg ! ut] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;of} dfemLx?sf] ;xeflutfdf
;DkGg pQm e]nfsf] pb3f6g dfemL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf Odn
s'df/ dfemLn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pxf“n] cfTd lg0f{osf] clwsf/ / :jzf;g
k|flKtsf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ dfemLx? Ps x'g cfu|x ug'{ eof] .
ljrf/dfg dfemLsf] ;efkltTj / j]baxfb'/
dfemLsf] ;+rfngdf ;DkGg e]nfdf ;/f]h dfemLn] :jfut efif0f ug'{ ePsf]
lyof] . e]nfsf] ;kmntfsf] nflu z'esfdgf lbg]x?df dfcf]jfbL pbok'/sf lhNnf
;b:o s=cbj, ls/fdf] lhNnf ;lrj ej]Gb| ls/ftL, cg]d;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ ls lhNnf ;b:o
;':dLtf ls/ftL, ls;fg k|ltlglw afa'/fd ;'j]bL, hgldlnl;of sdf08/ laqmd,
cg]/f:jljo'-qmflGtsf/L_ ls lhNnf ;b:o wgdfof lg/f}nf nufot x'g'x'GYof] .
e]nfn] ljrf/dfg dfemLsf] cWoIftfdf & ;b:oLo dfemL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{
g]kfn pbok'/ lhNnf ;ldltsf] rog u/]sf] 5 .
;'/fsLsf] ;kmfof
g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_ ;nf{xL dxf]Q/Lsf OGrfh{
nf]rgn] xfn} Ps k|]; jQmJo hf/L ub} dxf]Q/L /3'gfyk'/sf ;'/fsL ;'/]z ofbjnfO{
kf6L{n] ;kmfof u/]sf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] jQmJodf lgh ;'/]zn]
k|x/LnfO{ ;fy}df lnP/ kf6L{sf ! g+ Pl/of ;b:o lbg]z ofbjsf] j'jf, sfsf, bfh' /
efO{ u/L $ hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/fPsf], ef/tsf] l;tfd8Lsf] en'jfxLjf6 kf6L{ sfo{stf{
dgf]h zfxnfO{ kqmfp u/fO{ g]kfnsf ;]gf;dIf j'emfPsf]df cem} a]kQf /x]sf] tyf
y'k|} hgtfsf] kqmfp / xTof u/fPsf sf/0f ;kmfof ul/Psf] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf]
5 .
o;}u/L dfcf]jfbL ;nf{xLsf ;]qm]6/L lzlj/n]
xfn} Ps jQmJo hf/L ub}{ kTy/sf]6–( lhofhf]/sf s'df/ /fjt-;'o{ zdf{_nfO{ cfly{s
lxgfldgf / of}g b'/frf/ u/]sf] k|dfl0ft ePkl5 s]xL ;do klxn] g} kf6L{sf]
;fwf/0f ;b:ojf6 ;d]t lgisf;g ul/Psf] jtfpb} xfn pQm ck/fwLn] zfxL ;]gfnfO{ ufp
3'dfpg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] jtfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] s'df/ /fptn] cem} klg
kf6L{sf] k|efjsf] b'?kof]u ug{ ;Sg] ePsf sf/0f lghnfO{ sxL st} b]v]df tTsfn
kf6L{sf] Rofgndf vj/ ug{ hg;d'bfodf cfu|x ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
o;}u/L /f}tx6sf] lkk/f kf]vl/of ufh; lgjf;L
/fh]z ofbjnfO{ ;'/fsL u/]sf]df dfcf]jfbLn] ;kmfof u/sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf sfo{stf{ nfnafa' kf;jfg, ;De' rf}w/L, zf/bf d}gfnLnufot
cGo sfo{stf{x?nfO{ xTof u/fpg k|ToIf ;'/fsL u/]sf], cGo anfTsf/, cft+s klg
u/]sf]n] gLhnfO{ k6s–k6s r]tfjgL lb+bf klg a]jf:tf u/]sf]df gLhnfO{ ;kmfof
u/]sf] k|fKt ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
hgd'lQm ;]gf / zfxL ;]gfaLr eL8Gt
;nf{xL÷ut ;fpg @) ut] ;nf{xLsf] gf/fo0f
vf]nf ufh; cGtu{t Pl/of g= ! df hgd'lQm ;]gf / zfxL ;]gfaLr eL8Gt x'“bf ! k|x/L
/ ! zfxL ;]gf u/L @ hgfsf] 36gf :ynd} d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] % hgf uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ . eL8Gtdf k/L d[To' ePsf / 3fOt]nfO{ x]lnsf]K6/af6 sf7df8f}+ tkm{
nluPsf] lyof] .
gjnk'/ ledfgaf6 hgbdgsf nflu cfPsf zfxL
cd]l/sL ;]gfnfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfn] of]hgfdf kf/]sf lyP . hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
;fx;L cfqmd0f kl5 zfxL ;]gfx? ltt/–ljt/ eO{ efuf–efu ePsf lyP . ;f] 36gfdf
hgd'lQm ;]gf tkm{ s]xL Iflt gePsf] atfPsf] 5 . pQm eL8Gtkl5 efu]/ uPsf
zfxL ;]gfn] ;]N6/df al;/x]sf Ps hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ lu/ºtf/ u/L r/d oftgfkZrft\
kTy/sf]6df nlu uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf 5g\ . 36gfkZrft\ :yfgLo afl;GbfnfO{
wDsL, s'6lk6 u/]sf lyP . o:tf kfzljs, 3[l0ft Jojxf/ b]v]/ :yfgLo afl;Gbfx?
cfqmf]lzt ePsf 5g\ .
;ld/ :d[lt lzlj/ ;DkGg
;nf{xL÷ ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] cfwf/ Onfsfleq xfn}
;ld/ :d[lt ;}Go lzlj/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly a]yfg
:d[lt kf“rf} lju|]8 cGtu{t !% cf}+ j6flnog sdf08/ s=pQdn] k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf]
lyof] . lzlj/ ;~rfngs} qmddf hgbdgsf nflu cfPsf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf]
hTyf;“u gj k|lzIFfyL{ hgd'lQm ;]gfn] k|lt/f]w u/]/ df]y] Onfsfdf zfxL ;]gftkm{
7"nf] Iflt u/fPsf lyP eg], hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{ s]xL gePsf] atfPsf] 5 .
;f]xL lzlj/ sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkg sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub]{ k|d'v cltly tyf k|lzIfs
s=pQdn] eGg' eof]–æb'Zdgn] cfºgf] clGtd c:q ;j{xf/fju{sf] lj?4 k|xf/ ul//x]sf]
cj:yfdf xfdLn] p;sf] kmf}hL o'4 snfnfO{ k/f:t ug'{ kg]{ s'/fnfO{ k|i6 kfg'{
eof] .Æ csf{ cltly dfcf]jfbLsf ;nf{xL OGrfh{ s=nf]rgn] b'Zdgsf] lj?4 n8\bf–n8\b}
Pshgf dfq af“sL /x] klg zxLbsf] /utn] ntkltPsf] /ftf] em08fnfO{ p7fpg' kg]{
s'/fdf :ki6 kfg'{ eof] .
cGt/f{li6«o uLtaf6 z'? ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf
dxfg\ zxLbx? k|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ub}{ lkmN8sf] cg'e"lthGo
sfo{qmddf k|lzIffyL{ sd/]8x?n] k|ToIf b'Zdg;“u le8Gt ug{ kfPsf]df kmf}hL
/0fsf}znsf] ljsf; Jojxf/n] :ki6 ePsf] v'zL JoQm u/]sf lyP . To;}u/L cGo
cltlydf kf“rf} lju|]8sf d]l8sn ljefu O~rfh{ s=lw/h / k|rf/–k|;f/ ljefusL O~rfh{
s=;GWof x'g' x'GYof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTjsf] cf;g sDkgL sdf08/ s=ljgf]bn]
ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;~rfng sDkgL sld;f/ s=czf]sn] ug'{ ePsf]
lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] aLr–aLrdf r'/] hg–;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] hf]lznf] uLt tyf
g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP . –;GWofaf6
bf]nvfdf zfxL ;]gfsf] HofbtL
bf]nvf÷ z}n'ª\u]Zj/ ufh; cGtu{t k]tL ! df xfn}
;'g Jofkf/LnfO{ rl/sf]6af6 cfPsf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] /fOkmnsf] s'Gbfn] d/0ff;Gg
x'g] u/L s'6lk6 u/]sf 5g\ . ;f]xL lbg kj6L % sf af;' pk|]tLsf] sIFf * df
cWoog/t jif{ !% sL 5]f/L / $% jifL{of >LdtL :jf:Yo rf}sL hf“b} u/]sf]
cj:yfdf zfxL ;]gfn] ;fd"lxs anfTsf/ u/L s;}nfO{ xNNff u/]df df/L lbg] wDsL
lbPsf] s'/f kLl8tx?n] hgfb]znfO{ atfPsf 5g\ . o;}u/L bf]nvf±l;Gw'kfNrf]s
lhNnf ^ g=Pl/of ln;ª\v' jfkmn vf]nfdf !$ cf}+ j6flnog ;L sDkgLsf # g+ kLPn
PkmhLPn k|j]znfO{ rl/sf]6 vl/9'ª\ufaf6 cfPsf zfxL ;]gfx?n] nv]6\b} uf]nL xfgL
xTof u/]sf] 5 . ptf bf]nvf±l;Gw'kfNrf]s ^ g= Pl/of cGt/k'/df hgbdg ug{
cfOk'u]sf rl/sf]6 vl/9'ª\ufsf] zfxL ;]gfx?nfO{ ut ;fpg ( ut] !$ cf}+ j6flnog ;L
sDkgLsf] Ps6's8Ln] yfk]sf] PDa';df k/L $ zfxL ;]gf ;Vt 3fOt] ePsf] ;dfrf/
5 .
em08} Psdlxgf cl3 bf]nvf z}n'ª\uaf6 ;r{sf]
gfddf hgbdgsf] nflu uPsf] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] ;]N6/df al;/x]sf !$ cf}+
j6flnogsf kLPn ;b:o s=;'zg / bf]nvf lhNnfsf % g+ Pl/of ;b:o ;/f]hnfO{ lu/ºtf/
u/L r/d zfl//Ls oftgf lb}+b} ;]N6/df c? al;/x]sf ;fyLx?nfO{ b]vfpg nufO{ !$
cf}+ j6flnog …PÚ sDkgL ! g+ kLPnsf PkmhLPn s=sljtfnfO{ ;fd"lxs anfTsf/ u/L
r/d zfl//Ls oftgf lbO{ tLg} hgfnfO{ uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf 5g\ .
af9L klx/f]af6 kLl8tnfO{ lgMz'Ns pkrf/
;nf{xL÷ ut c;f/sf] bf]>f] xKtfdf k/]sf]
clj/n jiff{sf sf/0f lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf af9L kLl8t kl/jf/x?nfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gf
g]kfn !% cf}+ j6flnogsf] d]l8sn ljefun] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ u/]sf] 5 .
To;}u/L ut c;f/df ;nf{xLsf] tf]/Laf/Ldf
hg;]gf;“u le8Gt x'“bf k/flht ePsf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] hTyfn] ;j{;fwf/0fx?nfO{
lu/ºtf/ u/L !% hgfeGbf a9LnfO{ s'6lk6 u/L ;Vt 3fOt] agfPsf] lyof] . tL
;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ klg !% cf}+ j6flnog d]l8sn ljefun] cf}ifwL pkrf/ ;]jf k|bfg
u/]sf] 5 . zfxL ;]gf kLl8t hgtfx?n] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] pkrf/jf6 /fxtsf]
dxz'if u/]sf 5g\ eg] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] zfxL ;]gfk|lt tLj| cfqmf]z / 3[0ff JoQm
u/]sf 5g . –ljsNkaf6
zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfåf/f j]kQf / xTof
pbok'/÷ lhNnfsf] ! / @ gDa/ Pl/ofdf s6f/L /
ksnLaf6 hgbdgsf] nflu cfPsf zfxL ;]gfx?n] lgz:q cj:yfdf /x]sf lhNnf ;ª\u7g
;ldltsf ;b:o s=ljlgtf, Pl/of ;b:o s=;'lgtf, s=k|ltdf, s=chDa/L, s=ljZjf;nfO{ ut
;fpg !( ut] lu/ºtf/kZrft\ a]kQf kfl/Psf] 5 . kqmfpkZrft\ Pl/of ;b:o
s=efjgfnfO{ zfl//Ls, dfgl;s oftgf lbO{ ljeT; tl/sfn] xTof u/]sf lyP .
>4f~hnL sfo{qmd ;DkGg
;nf{xL÷ ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] gf/fo0f vf]nf ufh;
tf]/Laf/Ldf ut c;f9 !# ut] xTof ul/g' ePsf sDkgL sld;f/ s=;ld/ / P;l6Pkm
s=kjgsf] xfn} tf]/Ljf/Ldf Ps >4f~hnL ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
k|d'v cltly a]yfg :d[lt kf“rf}+ j6flnog
sld;f/ s=k|df]bsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . !% cf}+ j6flnog sld;f/
s=clgnsf] ;efkltTj / j6flnog sdf08/ s=pQdsf] ;~rfng /x]sf] lyof] .
>4f~hnL ;efsf] k|f/Dedf cGt/f{li6«o uLt / dxfg\ zxLbx? k|lt ! ldg]6
df}gwf/0f ul/Psf] lyof] eg] cltly tyf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sdf08/x?åf/f zxLbsf]
tijL/df dfNofk{0f ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf j6flnog ;xfos sdf08/ z/0fn]
:jfut efif0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
k|d'v cltly k|df]bn] ;+jf]wg ub}{ eGg'eof]
ædxfg zxLbsf ljrf/x?nfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub}{ pxf“x?n] b]vfPsf] jf6f]df ;b}j ;dlk{t
/xg', b]z / hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] kIfdf cfkm"nfO{ lqmofzLn jgfO/xg' / jxf“x?sf]
cfbz{nfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg'{ g} zxLbx?sf] ;Ddfg ug'{ xf] .Æ k|df]bn] zxLb
;ld/ / kjgsf] qmflGtsf/L hLjgaf/] klg rrf{ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf
zxLb kl/jf/sf] tkm{jf6 ;+bLk, !% cf} j6flnog ;L sDkgL sdf08/ ljgf]b, Pl/of
OGrfh{ /fdrGb|nufotn] ;+jf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . r'/] hg;f:s[lts kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?n]
hf]lznf uLt tyf g[To k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
ufh; pkk|d'vsf] xTofsf] eT;{gf
wg'iff÷lhNnf
hg;/sf/ k|d'v lji0f'b]j d08nn] xfn} Ps jQmJo hf/L ub}{ ut h]7 @# ut] xl/g] ufh;
pkk|d'v w'/L d08nnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] kqmfp u/L lgd{dtfk"j{s xTof u/]sf]df pQm
xTofsf] eT;{gf ug'{ ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] w'/L d08nnfO{ hgo'4sf dxfg\ zxLb
3f]if0f ub}{ xTofsf] jbnf of]4fx?n] lnP/} 5f8\g] pb\3f]if ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
hj; tyf df]rf{x?sf] ;+o'Qm e]nf
l;Gw'nL÷ut >fj0f @% ut] l;Gw'nL lhNnfsf]
! g+ Pl/of cGtu{tsf hj; tyf df]rf{x?sf] Pl/of :tl/o ;+o'Qm e]nf ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . e]nfsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf s]Gb|Lo
;Nnfxsf/ ;b:o sNkgf ;'j]bLn] jlQ afn]/ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v
cltly sNjgf ;'j]bLnufot kf6L{ If]qLo Jo"/f] ;b:o s=h]=jL=, tfdfª /fli6«o
d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj ;'/baxfb'/ :ofª\tfg, clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;ª\u7gsf
lhNnf cWoIf v8\uaxfb'/ b]jsf]6f / clvn-qmflGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8L=jL=tfdfªn]
;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . cGo cltlyx?df kf6L{ l8;LPd s=lgzfgf, /fO{bg'jf/
d'lQm df]rf{sf s]=;=x? s=8Da/ /fO{bg'jf/ / clDasf /fO{bg'jf/ pkl:yt x'g'
x'GYof] . pQm sfo{qmd bg'jf/ /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf
s=jTy{axfb'/ /fO{sf] ;eflktTj / tfdfª /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf lhNnf cWoIf
s=j]gL df]Qmfgsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] eg] clvn -qmFlGtsf/L_ l;Gw'nLsf
pkfWoIf s=ozf]bf lu/Ln] ;xefuLx?nfO{ :jfut ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
pQm e]nfn] cg]/f:jljo"-qmflGtsf/L_sf
u'0fs'df/L sdf{rfo{sf] cWoIftfdf gf} ;b:oLo, cg]ls;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sf cy{dfg
/fO{bg'jf/sf] cWoIFtfdf ;ft ;b:oLo, cg]d;+3-qmflGtsf/L_sf clDasf tfdfªsf] cWoIftfdf
;ft ;b:oLo, g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf lgnaxfb'/ lj=s=sf] cWoIftfdf gf}+ ;b:oLo,
tfdfª d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf sflhdfg tfdfªsf] cWoIFtfdf rf}w ;b:oLo / /fO{bg'jf/
d'lQm df]rf{sf ;Gt/fd /fO{bg'jf/sf] cWoIftfdf !! ;b:oLo Pl/of ;ldlt rog u/]sf]
5 .
o;}u/L csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ ut ;fpg !& /
!* ut] ;f]xL lhNnfsf ! g= Pl/of cGtu{t lkkndf8L ufh;sf] r}gk'/df hg;/sf/,
ldlnl;of, hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn, !% cf}+ j6flnog …PÚ sDkgL, Pl/of kf6L{ /
hg;d'bfosf] ;+o'Qm kxndf !!)) ld6/ …z'jnfn sRrL ;8sÚ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
o;/L g} csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ hgd'lQm ;]gf
g]kfn, a]yfg :d[lt kf“rf}+ lju|]8 kGw|f}+ j6flnog …PÚ sDkgLsf] /fhg}lts e]nf
sfo{qmd ut ;fpg @* ut] l;Gw'nLdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf sDkgL eL=;Lx?
s=zlQm, s=;'idf nufot @@ hgf ;}Go ;ª\u7gsf sd/]8x? / kf6L{ 8L;LPdx? kfN;fª,
s=zzL / s=;fsf/n] ;d;fdlos ;d:of tyf ;'emfax? k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] cltly
sd/]8x?n] k|:t't ;d:of / ;'emfaaf/] ;+Zn]if0f ub}{ dxTjk"0f{ ljifox?df
ljrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . ljrf/ ;Dk|]if0fsf] qmddf If]qLo
Jo"/f] ;b:o h]=jL=n] /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o l:yltsf] ljifodf, j6flnog sdf08/
s=pQdn] …jt{dfg kmf}hL /0fgLltaf/]Ú / lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s=a[xtn] …Oltxf;sf]
cg'ej / @! cf}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf; af/]Ú k|:tfj tyf …hg;Qf jt{dfg /
eljioaf/]Ú :ki6 kfg'{ ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/
s=l;Gb'/n] klg ;Daf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] csf{ cltly clvn g]kfn lzIFs ;ª\7g
l;Gw'nLsf cWoIf v8\uaxfb'/ b]jsf]6fsf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] aLr–aLrdf P sDkgL ;f“:s[lts ;d'xn] qmflGtsf/L uLt k|:t't u/]sf]
lyof] eg] pQm sfo{qmd P sDkgLsf sdf08/ hgssf] cWoIFtf / ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ePsf]
lyof] . –o'4 ;Djfbbftf af;'af6
dlxnf hg;]gfåf/f anfTsf/Ldfly sf/afxL
l;Gw'nL÷hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn !% cf}+ j6flnog
…PÚ sDkgLsf] dlxnfx?sf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] ;]S;gn] sNkj[If ufh; l:yt jf]6gL ahf/df
cfºg} xf8 gftf leq of}g b'Jo{Joxf/ ug{ s'ri7f ug]{ ;nf{xL lhNnfsf] /fdgu/ lrgL
ldndf sfo{/t uf]kfn a:g]tnfO{ xfn} hgsf/afxL ul/Psf] 5 .
dlxnf ;ª\u7gsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd lgh a:g]tnfO{
uf]?sf] h:tf] Jojxf/ ePsfn] rf/xft v'§f 6]sL ahf/sf] rf}/ kl/qmdf u/fOPsf]
lyof] eg] ;f]xL l;nl;nfdf hgd'lQm ;]gf d} sfo{/t cd[tnfO{ klg k6s–k6s of}g
b'Jo{jxf/ d} nflu kg]{ s'r]i6f u/]sfn] sf/afxL :j?k >ds}bdf /flv ahf/
kl/qmdf ul/OPsf] lyof] . ;f]xL l;nl;nfdf lhNnf ;b:o s=piffn] 36gfsf]
af/]df lj:t[t hfgsf/L u/fp“b} dlxnfx? dflysf] anfTsf/Lx? kf6L{ leq jf jflx/sf
hf] eP klg hgtfsf] lg0f{og';f/ cfd ?kdf ;fj{hlgs sf/jfxL u/fpg] sfd g} xfd|f]
p2]Zo /x]sf] / efjL lbgdf o:tf lsl;dsf 36gfx? 36fpg k'?if xf];\ of dlxnf b'j}
tKsfaf6 lxDdt gug{sf] nflu / lzIff cfh{g ug]{ lx;fan] klg of] sfo{qmd dxTjk"0f{
/x]sf] pxf“sf] syg lyof] . sfo{qmddf o;} sDkgL cGtu{tsf] ;]S;g sdf08/x?
s=k|lj0ff, s=;/nf / s=;kgfn] cf–cfºgf] dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmd P
sDkgL d]l8sn OGrfh{ s=u+ufn] ;~rfng ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
zfxL ;Qfsf ;]gfåf/f b'O{ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xTof
hgsk'/÷k'/fgf] ;Qfsf ;z:q hTyfn] ut >fj0f
* ut] a]n'sf b'O{ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] xTof u/]sf 5g . xTof x'g]x?df wg'iffsf]
j]uf 8fj/ ufh;df rf]/L 8s}tLaf6 ufp“ ;'/IFfsf] nflu u7g ul/Psf] ufp“ ;'/Iff
;ldltsf k|d'v nId]Zj/ k"j]{ / j]rg zfx nx]/L /x]sf 5g\ . pQm 36gf
;DalGw wg'iff lhNnf k|x/L pkl/Ifs 6f]k]Gb|Wjh xdfnn] cfºgf] sJhfdf /x]sf ;~rf/
dfWodx?af6 …;'/IFf kmf}h / dfcf]jfbLaLr ePsf] bf]xf]/f] eL8Gtdf b'O{ dfcf]jfbL
cft+ssf/Lsf] d[To' ePsf]Ú atfPsf 5g\ .
zfxL ;Qfsf ;'/IFf kmf}håf/f cfºgf 3/df
al;/x]sf] cj:yfdf ckx/0f u/L %# jifL{o nId]Zj/ / $) jifL{o j]rgsf] xTof ePsf]
xf] . d[tsåo nId]Zj/ / j]rgsf] xTof u/]kl5 zfxL ;Qfsf ;'/IffsdL{n] cfºgf]
axfb'/L k|bz{g ug{ nf;nfO{ c~rn c:kQfn hgsk'/df dfcf]jfbL elg kf]i6df6{dsf]
nflu nu]sf] lyof] . …;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hÚ gfds lx+>s b:tfn] ljleGg
7fp“df n'6kf6 dRofPsf] eGg] s'/f ufp“ ;'/IFf ;ldlt k|d'v nufot b'O{ ;b:osf]
xTofn] k'li6 ul/lbPsf] 5 . pkl/Ifs xdfnn] dfcf]jfbL cft+ssf/L eg]sf j]rg
zfxnfO{ 8s}tLaf6 kLl8t ufp“n]n] 8s}tLaf6 ufp“nfO{ hf]ufpg dlxgfsf] b'O{xhf/
kf“r ;o kfl/>lds lbg] u/L ;'/IFf ;ldltdf /fv]sf k'/fgf] ;Qfsf wg'iffsf ;lrj
elgg] lbnaxfb'/ nfdfn] atfPsf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;f]xL 7fp“sf nId]Zj/
k"j]{nfO{ ufp“n]n] g} ufp“ ;'/Iff ;ldltsf k|d'v g]t[Tjstf{df rog ul/Psf]
lyof] . b'O{ hgfnfO{ ckx/0f u/L cfwf 306f ;f]wk'5 kl5 uf]nL xfgL xTof
u/]sf] k|ToIfbzL{n] hgfPsf 5g\ . 36gfaf6 cfqmf]lzt hgtfn] zfxL ;]gfn]
;j{;fwf/0fsf] ckx/0fkl5 sfo/tfk"0f{ xTof u/]sf] lj?4df 36gfkl5 lbp“;f]
s]xL ;do k"j{–klZrd /fhdfu{ oftfoft cj?4 jgfPsf 5g\ . c:ktfndf nfz
lng uPsf d[tssf kl/jf/nfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfo{non] nfz ;d]t lbPg . –hgsk'/af6
;Djfbbftf k|lts
wg'iffdf
gof“ ;Qfåf/f ljsf; lgdf{0fdf tLj|tf
k'/fgf] ;Qf u|fdL0f Onfsfjf6 lj:yflkt
ePkZrft\ lgld{t hg;Qfn] wg'iffdf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ tLj| kf/]sf]
5 . lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v lji0f'b]j d08nn] lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ xfn}
lhNnfdf lgDg ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfd ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ .
zxLb
rf}tf/f], kf]v/L / ;8s lgdf{0f –
pdfk|]dk'/ ufh; gf};o j8f g+ ^ df dxfg\ zxLb
k|bLk bf;-clgn_ / km'Nu]g sx/f-/fs]z_sf] :d[ltdf zxLb rf}tf/f] lgdf{0f ul/Psf]
5 . To;}u/L gf}jfvf]/ k|;fxL ufh;sf] gf}jfvf]/ rf]sdf zxLb ;+s/
;fx-;'Gb/_sf] gfpdf Ps rf}tf/f]sf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . o; cl3 klg j]d/vfnL
/ eLd/f9Ldf zxLb rf}tf/f] lgdf{0f eO;s]sf] 5 . o;}u/L a]d/vLdf Ps kf]v/L
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
!=jfnfjfv/sf]
j]d/vL 6f]ndf zxLb rf}tf/f]b]lv sdnf gbL;Ddsf] @ lsnf] ld6/ jf6f] lgdf{0f ePsf]
5 .
@=j]d/vL
gx/b]lv sdnk'/;Dd em08} @ lsdL jf6f] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 .
#=/3'gfyk'/sf]
ls/tk'/b]lv k7]jf{;Ddsf] jf6f] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
$=ls/tk'/b]lv
sdnf gbL;Dd # lsnf] ld6/ jf6f] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 .
%=ls/tk'/b]lv
k|;fxL;Ddsf] jf6f] lgdf{0f .
^=pdfk|dk'/sf]
% / ^ g+ j8fdf em08} # lsdL jf6f] lgdf{0f . / j8f g+ ^ b]lv ( ;Ddsf] jf6f]
lgdf{0f .
&=wg'iffwfdsf]
j8f g+ * uf]OofxLb]lv j8f g+ ^ uf}/k'/;Dd jf6f] lgdf{0f .
*=wg'iff
uf]ljGbk'/sf] wd{k'/;Dd @ lsdL / j8f g+ ^ / & df klg @ lsdL jf6f]
lgdf{0f . To:t} j8f g+ @ b]lv Ps;Dd hf]8g] jf6f] klg lgdf{0f ePsf]
5 .
(=;Uuf
dw's/xL ufh;sf] j8f g+ & df @ lsdL / j8f g+ ^ / & df k'gM
lgdf{0f .
!)=xl/g]
ufh;sf] 6]/xfb]lv la;8ef]/f;Dd jf6f] lgdf{0f .
!!=l;ª\uofxLsf]
xyd'08fdf jf6f] lgdf{0f .
!@=ldyn]Zj/
ufh;sf] df}jfxL nlnofb]lv em6LdfxL;Dd @ lsdL jf6f] lgdf{0f, / ! lsdL k'/fgf]
jf6f] dd{t .
!#=zfGtLk'/
j8f g+ ( df @ lsdL jf6f] lgdf{0f .
;fdGtsf hUuf
sAhf –
!=ad{lemof
ufh;sf] and gfossf] ( ljufx hUuf sAhf .
@=df]xy/L
jnjf ;/kNnf] ufpsf] s';] hldGbf/sf] k7]jf{df $) ljufx hUuf sAhf . lgh
hldGbf/sf] efGhsf] ;f]xL 7fpsf] $) ljufx hUuf sAhf .
#=k7]jf{df
/x]sf] l;/xfsf] lnnf/fd ;'8Lsf] !% ljufxf hUuf sAhf .
$=gf}jfvf]/
k|;fxLsf] lj/]Gb| lu/Lsf] ! df5f kf]v/L sAhf .
o;}u/L gf}jfvf]/ ufh; k|;fxL @ j:g] l;cfO8L
wd{b]j ;fx dxtf] / j8f g+ $ j:g] ef]nf emfsf] ;j} ;DklQ dfcf]jfbLn] sAhf u/]sf]
hgfOPsf] 5 . lghx?nfO{ !% lbg leq hgcbfntdf pkl:yt x'g tf/]v lbOPsf]
5 . lghx?n] cfÎgf >LdltnfO{ glur}sf] kmf]gdf uP/ kmf]g ug{ nufO{ zfxL
;]gf jf]nfP/ wg'iff lhNnf hg;/sf/df /x]sf d';ndfg k|ltlglw Pj+ hgd'lQm ;]gf
;b:o ?bn /fOgnfO{ xTof u/fPsf lyP . To:t} ;f]xL ufpsf rGb| zfx / hn]vf
vft'gdfly ef}lts sfjf{xL ul/ tf/]vdf 5f]l8Psf] ;dfrf/ 5 .
zfxL ;]gfåf/f xTof
dxf]Q/L÷g]skf-dfcf]jfbL_
;nf{xL dxf]Q/Lsf OGrfh{ nf]rgn] xfn} Ps k|]; jQmJo hf/L ub} kf6L{sf # g+ Pl/of
;b:o uug rf}w/LnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] kqmfpkZrft\ xTof u/]sf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .
cfkmGtnfO{ e]6g dxf]Q/Lsf] jfn'jf k'u]sf]
;dodf uugnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] / pxf“n] kf6L{sf s'g} uf]klgotf gvf]n]kl5 uf]nL
xfgL xTof u/]sf] jQmJodf hgfOPsf] 5 . nf]rgn] jQmJodf uugnfO{ zxLb
3f]if0ff ub}{ xTofsf] jbnf o'4 d}bfgaf6} lng] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n]
jQmJodf zfxL ;]gfn] jfn'jfsf ls;fg hgslszf]/ zfxnfO{ uf]nL xfgL 3fOt] jgfpg'sf
;fy} /fdlszf]/ zfxaf6 jL; xhf/ gub n'6]/ nu]sf]df To;sf] s8f zJbdf eT;gf{ ug'{
ePsf] 5 .
k|jf;df hgclwsf/sf] dfnbx l;p8Ldf ;+o'Qm lhNnf ;Dd]ng
pb\3f6g ;qM g]kfnL hgflwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldlt,
ef/tsf] k"j{ pkIf]q cGtu{t dfnbx l;p8L ;+o'Qm lhNnf ;Dd]ng lbgf+s @! / @@
cu:t @))$ sf lbgx?df ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g ;qsf] cWoIftf
uDd/l;+x s];Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng lxd axfb'/ s];Ln]
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly tyf g]=h=c=;'=;=
ef/tsf ;Nnfxsf/ cd[t yfkfn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . jxf“n] pb\3f6g efif0fdf eGg'eof]–
æxfd|f] ;+u7gsf] tfTsflng nIo u0ftGq g]kfn lgdf{0fsf] nflu ;+3if{ ug'{ xf] eg]
;fd|fHojfbLsf] x:tIf]ksf lj?4 Pstfj4 cfGbf]ngsf] kl/rfng ug'{ csf]{ k|d'v sfd
xf] .Æ jxf“n] c? ;d;fdflos ljifox?af/] cfÎgf] dGtJo /fVb} ;Dd]ng ;kmntfsf]
z'esfdgf klg lbg' eof] .
sfo{qmdsf hg;'bfonfO{ ?b| s];Ln] :jfut
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . To;}u/L hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] uLt;+uLtaf6 :jfut u/]sf]
lyof] . ;Dd]ngnfO{ l8aL yfkf, gGbnfn k'8f;}gL, ;'>L ufoqL cof{n,
v8\sk|;fb cof{n, uf]ljGb vgfn, lx/fnfn a/fnf / lrGtf/fd cf]nf nufotn] z'esfdgf
dGtJo /fVg'ePsf] lyof] .
aGb ;qM aGb ;qsf] cWoIf d08ndf cd[t yfkf,
uf]kfn ljs / g}gl;+x s];L /xg'ePsf] lyof] . aGb ;qsf] ;~rfng cWoIftf /
;~rfng cWoIf d08naf6} ePsf] lyof] . xndf pkl:yt k|ltlglwd08n tyf ko{jIfs
aLrdf k'/fgf] ;ldltaf6 k|ult tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bgx? k|:t't ul/of] / 5nkmn tyf
ax; ub}{ ;j{;Ddlt;fy kfl/t ul/of] . ;fy} pkl:yt ;a} k|ltlglwsf] ;j{;DdtLdf
gof“ lhNnf sld6Lsf] lgjf{rg ul/of] . lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx?df cWoIf–uDd/l;+x
s];L, pkfWoIf–?4 axfb'/ s];L, ;lrj–lxdaxfb'/ cf]nf, sf]iffWoIf–rGb|axfb'/ s];L
x'g'x'G5 eg] ;b:ox?df–s0f{axfb'/ s];L, eb|axfb/ s];L, /fhs'df/ s];L, gljg s];L,
afnfhLt s];L x'g'x'G5 .
;f] lhNnf ;ldltsf] ;Nnfxsf/df g}gl;+x s]:fL,
g/axfb'/ s];L, wd{hLt s];L / sfnLaxfb/ g]kfnL /xg'ePsf] 5 . kbflwsf/Lx?sf]
lgjf{rgkl5 lgjf{lrt cWoIfn] aGb ;qsf] ;dfkg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
3f]if0f ;efM 3f]if0ff ;ef sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf
gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf uDd/l;+x s];L / sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng lxdaxfb/ cf]nLn] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . aGb ;qdf ePsf lg0fo{x?sf] 3f]if0ff >L uf]kfn ljsn] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . gjlgjf{lrt sld6LnfO{ l;df yfkfn] clj/ nufO{ :jfut ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . gj lgjf{lrt cWoIFn] lgjf{lr sld6Lsf] tkm{af6 k|lta4nf hfx]/ u/L
;s]kl5 g/]z kf}8ofn, ;'/h axfb'/ sfsL{ / uf]kfn ljsn] awfO{ dGtJo /fVg' ePsf]
lyof] . awfO{ dGtJo ;dfkgsf] 3f]if0ff cWoIf uDd/l;+x s];Ln] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] .
cGTodf hgjfbL ;f“:s[lts snfsdL{af6 uLt,
;+uLt / g[To k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f] ;Dd]ng tyf ;f“:d[lts sfo[qmdsf]
k|efjn] j/Lk/Lsf :yfgLo afl;Gbf ;d]t ;r]t ?kn] ;xof]usf] nflu tof/ ePsf] va/
klg k|fKt ePsf] 5 . –k|jf;af6 ;+ho If]qL