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jif{ !# c+s $!, ebf} @@, @)^! Year 13, Issue 41, September 7, 2004 |
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sfo/tfk"0f{ xTof
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jh] kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o sd/]8 z]/dfg s'+j/ -ljzfn_ / a}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
sd/]8 df]xgrGb| uf}td -s'df/_ ;lxt ^ hgf sd/]8x?sf] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf v'gL zfxL
hNnfb ;]gfx?åf/f lu/ºtf/ u/L lgd{d / kfzljs oftgfkl5 xTof u/]sf] 36gfn] l;ª\uf]
kf6L{ :tAw / cfqmf]lzt ePsf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] pQm sfo/tfk"0f{
xTofsf] ;Dk"0f{?kn] abnf lnO 5f8\g] k|ltjåtf hfx]/ ub}{ /fli6«o
cfTd;dk{0fjfb, lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]k Pj+ cfqmd0fsf lj?4 /fli6«o cfGbf]ngsf]
cf“lwj]x/L ;[li6 ug{ xfdL ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm Pj+ Gofok|]dL hg;d'bfodf ckLn
ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
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lj1lKtsf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5 æs]xL ;do cufl8 ;DkGg xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7sdf ;xefuL eO{ cfºgf]
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cfOtjf/ lbp;f] !@ jh] xfd|f] kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o sd/]8 z]/dfg s'+j/ -ljzfn_ /
a}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o sd/]8 df]xgrGb| uf}td -s'df/_ ;lxt ^ hgf sd/]8x?sf]
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf v'gL zfxL hNnfb ;]gfx?åf/f lu/ºtf/ u/L lgd{d / kfzljs oftgfkl5
;f]xL lbg lbp;f] #=)) jh] xTof u/]sf] 36gfn] l;ª\uf] kf6L{ :tAw / cfqmf]lzt
ePsf] 5 . g]kfn tyf ef/tsf k|ltlqmofjfbL ;]gffx?sf] ;LdfIf]qdf ;+o'Qm sfjf{xL
ug]{ of]hgfs} qmddf 36]sf] o:tf] 36gfn] b]zLo ;fdGtL ;}lgs ;Qfsf]
cfTd;dk{0fjfbL / ef/tLo k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf] lj:tf/jfbL k|j[ltnfO{ emg}
k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . o;n] ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] g]kfn dflysf] x:tIf]k / cfqmd0fsf]
vt/fnfO{ :ki6 ;ª\s]t ub{5 .
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kxf8sf :yflkt, h'emf?, cys of]4f Pj+ hgk|Lo g]tf x'g'x'GYof] . xfd|f]] kf6L{
pxf“x?sf] uf}/jk"0f{ Pj+ chDj/L d[To'j/0fsf] pRr ;Ddfg ub{5 tyf pxf“x?nfO{
dxfg\ ;lxb 3f]if0ff ub{5 . dxfg\ jL/Tj k|fKt ug]{ cd/ ;lxbx?k|lt kf6L{ xflb{s
>4f~hnL JoQm ub{5 / ;+u|fdL nfn clejfbg ck{0f ub{5 . ;fy} o; ck"/0fLo
Ifltdf l;ª\uf] kf6L{ ljz]if u/L k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo sdf08 / ;lxbsf kl/jf/hgx?df
pTkGg zf]sk|lt kf6L{ ulx/f] ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5 .
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of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] k|f/Dedf ePsf] of] pRr zxfbtsf] zf]snfO{ zlQmdf abNb}
b'Zdgsf] o:tf] sfo/tfk"0f{ xTofsf] ;Dk"0f{?kn] abnf lnO 5f8\g]
k|ltjåtf ;d]t hfx]/ ub{5f}+ . ;fy} /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfb Pj+ lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]k
Pj+ cfqmd0fsf lj?4 /fli6«o cfGbf]ngsf] cf“lwj]x/L ;[li6 ug{ xfdL ;Dk"0f{
b]zeQm Pj+ Gofok|]dL hg;d'bfodf ckLn ub{5f}+ .Æ
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sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7s (Plenum) b]zsf] Ps u|fld0f cfwf/ Onfsfdf
ljleGg t"n, Aofg/4f/f ljz]if?kn] ;lhPsf] ;efu[xdf ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg
ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . !) lbg nfdf] pQm P]ltxfl;s a}7ssf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{x?jf/]
hfgsf/L u/fpg dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] oxL efb| !^ ut] Ps k|]; lj1lKt hf/L
ug'{ ePsf] 5 . k|]; jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5 æxfn} g]kfnL ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] dxfg / uf}/jzfnL cu|b:tf, g]kfn sDo'li6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7s -Kn]gd_ b]zsf] Ps u|fld0f cfwf/ Onfsfdf ljleGg
t"n, Aofg/4f/f ljz]if?kn] ;lhPsf] ;efu[xdf ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg eof] .
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ljz]if ;'/Iff 3]/f tyf cfd hgtfsf] k|ToIf ;xof]usf;fy, b'Zdgsf]
sAhfdf /x]sf afx]s b]zsf ;a} If]q, df]rf{ / ljefusf] lhDd]jf/L axg ul//x]sf
;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?sf] pkl:ylt / cWoIf s= k|r08sf] cWoIftfdf b; lbg;Dd rn]sf]
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] P]ltxfl;s a}7ssf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox?sf] ;f/;+If]k ;fj{hlgs
ug{ of] k|]; lj1lKt hfl/ ul/Psf] 5 .
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;ldlt ;b:o s= kl/jt{gnufot dxfg hgo'4sf cd/ zlxbx? tyf b]zleq / aflx/sf tdfd
1ft–c1ft zlxbx?k|lt df}gwf/0f ul/ efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ck{0f ul/of] .
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s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7sdf klxnf] k6s pkl:yt gjlgo'Qm s]Gb|Lo
;b:ox?4f/f cfkm\gf] kb / lhDd]jf/Lk|lt uxg efjpQ]hs k|lta4tf k|s6 ug]{ sfo{s|d
;'–;DkGg ul/of] .
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:yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf tkm{af6 cfkm\gf] sdf08, Ao"/f] tyf ljefluo sfdsf]
l/kf]6{ k|:t"t ul/of] . l/kf]6{sf] cGtdf, To;sf] ;+Zn]if0f ub}{ cWoIf s=
k|r08af6 cfufdL lbgdf l/kf]6{ k|0ffnLnfO{ cem j}1flgs t"Nofpg' kg]{
cfjZostfdf hf]8 lb+b} k|:t"t ;du| l/kf]6{x?n] qmflGtsf/L ?kfGt/0f;lxt
b'Zdgsf lj?4 /0fg}lts ;Gt"ngaf6 /0fg}lts k|Tofs|d0fdf k|j]zsfnflu j}rfl/s,
/fhg}lts, ;f“u7lgs / kmf}hL cfwf/ tof/ ePsf] lgisif{ lgsflnof] .
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k|Tofs|d0fsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/f}+ÚÚ lzif{ssf] /fhg}lts Pj+ ;+u7gfTds k|:tfj
k|:t"t ul/of] . a}7sdf ^ lbg;Ddsf] cToGt u+eL/ Pj+ ljrf/ pQ]hs axzsf
aLraf6 cfjZos yk36 / kl/dfh{g;lxt Psdt4f/f kfl/t ul/Psf] pQm b:tfj]hsf] ;f/
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ljz]iftfx?sf] ;6Ls ljZn]if0f;lxt p;sf cufl8 ljBdfg c;dfw]o ;+s6 Pj+ ljZj
qmflGtsf] gof“ nx/sf] ckl/xfo{ ljsf;af/] j:t'ut ;+Zn]if0f u/]sf] 5 . b:tfj]hn]
g]kfnL qmflGtsf] ;kmntf / ljZj qmflGtsf] ;]jfsf lgldQ @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf
;fd|fHojfbn] v8f u/]sf slyt pQ/ cfw'lgstfjfb nufotsf j}rfl/s / ;f“:s[lts lje|d,
slyt e"d08nLs/0f, gLlhs/0f / pbf/Ls/0fsf gfddf rnfOPsf] cfly{s
cf}klgj]lzs/0f / n"6sf] k|ls|of Pj+ slyt cft+sjfb lj/f]lw o'4sf gfddf
rnfOPsf] cfw'lgs ;}Go kmf;Ljfbsf] k|lt/f]wdf 4GbfTds tyf P]ltxfl;s ef}ltsjfbsf]
k|of]u ub}{ bz{g, /fhg}lts cy{zf:q Pj+ j}1flgs ;dfhjfbsf tLgj6} ;+36s c+udf
dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf] ljsf; ug]{ P]ltxfl;s cfjZostf / r"gf}tLnfO{
:jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df cGt/fli6«o sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ng d'VotM qmflGtsf/L
cGt/fi6«jfbL cfGbf]ng -h;df xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{;d]t ;b:o /x]sf] 5_ sf]
sldl6n] cufl8 a9f+pb} u/]sf] j}rfl/s axznfO{ :jfut ub}{ b:tfj]hn] g]kfndf
k|r08–kysf] ljsl;t gof“ j}rfl/s ;+Zn]if0fsfnflu l;+uf] kf6L{sf] Pstfa4 kxndf
hf]8 u/]sf] 5 .
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/fli6\otf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, cfly{s cfTdlge{/tf Pj+ /fhg}lts / ;f+:s[lts
:jtGqtfdfly ef/tLo k|lts[ofjfbL zf;s ju{sf] lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]ksf] k|ls|of,
k'/fgf] ;fdGtL ;Qfsf] /fli6\o cfTd;dk{0fjfbL rl/q Pj+ lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]k /
/fli6\o cfTd;dk{0fjfbsf lj?4 g]kfnL hgtfsf] nfdf] ;+3if{sf] P]ltxfl;s ljj]rgf
u/]sf] 5 . pQm ljj]rgf;lxt b:tfj]hn], cfh g]kfnL hgtfsf] /fli6\otf, hgtGq Pj+ hghLljsfsf lgldQ
P]ltxfl;s?kn] cufl8 al9/x]sf] dxfg hgo'4sf lj?4 cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf]
bnfnLk"0f{ ;dy{g lnP/ ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb k|ToIf x:tIf]kdf pq+b} uPsf] tYo
:ki6 u/]sf] 5 . xfn} xfd|f] kf6L{ x]8Sjf6{/ ;d]tnfO{ nlIft ub}{ :yfoL ;ldltsf
jl/i7 ;b:o s= ls/0fnufotsf lhDd]jf/ sd/]8x?dfly ef/tsf ljleGg zx/x?df ul/Psf]
x:tIf]k / sAhfn] pQm s'/fnfO{ yk k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 . lxdfno kj{t >[+vnfnfO{ cfkm\gf] pQ/L l;dfgf dfGg] lj:tf/jfbL
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l;lSsdLs/0f ug]{ /0fgLltdf ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb cToGt s"6Ln / if8oGqd"ns
9+un] cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . g]kfndf xd]zf cl:y/tf / c/fhstfsf] kIfkf]if0f ug]{
ef/tLo Psflwsf/ k"+hLjfbL zf;sx? clxn] slyt cft+sjfbsf lj?4 ;xof]usf gfddf
b]zeQm / :jfledfgL g]kfnLsf] sTn]cfd ug{ / To;/L g]kfnnfO{ cfkm\gf] sAhfdf
kfg]{ s"lgot ;lxt v'n]cfd kmf}hL x:tIf]ksf] wDsL lbO/x]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf
clxn] ljZjf; of]Uo jftfj/0f ;lxt zflGtk"0f{ jftf{dfkm{t cu|ufdL /fhg}lts
lgsf;sf] k|d'v jfXo afwssf?kdf ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb g} v8f ePsf] 5 . g]kfndf
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf gfOs]x? cfh cfkm\gf] cfo' nDAofpg] lbjf ;kgfdf ;fd|fHojfb, d'VotM
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbs} culf8 3'8f 6]s]/ g]kfn g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] :jtGq cl:tTj
Pj+ :jfledfg dfly v]njf8 ug]{ h3Go ck/fw ul//x]sf 5g\ . pk/f]Qm ;f/ ;lxtsf]
ljZn]if0f ub}{ b:tfj]hn] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] /fli6\otf cfTd;dk{0fjfb / ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]k / ;GgLs6 kmf}hL
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cfjXfg u/]sf] 5 . b:tfj]hn] kf6L{sf] gof+ of]hgfdf j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts / kmf}hL
x/]s b[li6n] /fli6\o cfTd;dk{0fjfb / lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]ksf lj?4 s]Gb|Lt x'g hf]8
lbPsf] 5 . l;+uf] b]znfO{ o'4df]rf{df kl/0ft u/]/, cfd hgtfsf] kmf}hLs/0f u/]/
tyf hgo'4sf] /0fgLltnfO{ gof+ prfOdf p7fP/ s'g}klg ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf]
;}Go x:tIf]ksf lj?4 g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] :jtGqtfsf] /Iff ul/g] / ug{ ;lsg]
b[9 ljZjf; klg b:tfj]hn] JoQm u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} b:tfj]hn] /fli6\o cfTd;dk{0fjfb /
lj:tf/jfbL x:tIf]ksf lj?4sf] n8fO{df cfd b]zeQm g]kfnL -h;df :jo+k'/fgf] ;Qfsf
slyt zfxL ;]gfsf b]zeQm hjfgx? klg kg]{ 5g\_ sf] dfq xf]Og Gofok|]dL ef/tLo
hg;d'bfo / ljZjel/s} hg;d'bfosf] ;d]t ;xof]u / ;dy{g k|fKt x'g] ljZjf; lnOPsf]
5 .
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k'g{;+/rgf / u'0ffTds /fhg}lts lgsf; lt/ xf]Og ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf] cf8df
cl:tTjsf] clGtd 3l8;Dd b]z / hgtfsf] /fli6\o 9's'6Ldf a|dxn"6 dRrfO/xg]
Ps;'qLo sfddf nflu /x]sf] tYo :ki6 u/]sf] 5 . cy{tGqsf] ;Dk"0f{ jfu8f]/
ljb]zL bnfn k"+hLkltx?nfO{ ;'Dk]/ a]/f]huf/ g]kfnL o'jfx?mnfO{
;fd|fHojfbs} u'? of]hgf cg';f/ ljb]z nv]6\g] / ;+;f/e/ 5/]/ plgx?sf] a]xfn
kfg]{ sz/tg} k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] b}lgsL ag]sf] 5 . b]zsf] of] l:yltk|lt u+eL/ lrGtf
/ cfs|f]z JoQm ub}{ b:tfj]hn] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] dflns /x]sf] ;fdGtL b/jf/sf e/f}6]
gf]s/x? -slyt ;/sf/_ sf cy{ / cf}lrTolxg jftf{sf] sfg} k6\ofpg] xf]xNnfnfO{
k"0f{tM vf/]h u/]sf] 5 .
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k'/fgf] ;Qf;+u jftf{sf] k|ZgnfO{ vf/]h u/]sf] 5}g, t/ casf] jftf{ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf
gf]s/x?;+u xf]Og To;sf dflnsx?;+u e/kbf]{ cGt/fli6\o dWo:ytf;lxt g]kfnL
hgtfnfO{ k'0f{?kdf ;fj{ef}d t"Nofpg] p4]Zodf s]Gb|Lt /x]/dfq x'g ;Sg] s'/f
:ki6 u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} b:tfj]hn] b]zsf ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx? Pj+ gful/s ;dfhsf
k|ltlglwx?;+u jftf{ / cGt{lqmofsf] k|ls|ofnfO{ lg/Gt/ cufl8 a9fpg] s'/f klg
:ki6 u/]sf] 5 .
3_ b:tfj]hn] cfkm\gf] csf]{
dxTjk"0f{ cWofodf ljut Ps jif{sf kf6L{ / cfGbf]ngsf /fhg}lts / kmf}hL
pknlAw / sdhf]/Lsf] ;ldIff ub}{ b'Zdgsf lj?4 /0fg}ls k|Tofs|d0fdf k|j]z
ug{sfnflu cfwf/ tof/ ePsf] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ljlzi6 ;Gbe{ / cfhsf]
cGt/lfi6\o l:yltsf cfwf/df /0fg}lts k|Tofs|d0fsf] ljlzi6 kl/efiff / AofVof ub}{
b:tfj]hn] lglZrt /fhg}lts / kmf}hL nIo;lxt k|Tofs|d0fsf] klxnf] of]hgfsf]
?k/]vf k|:t"t u/]sf] 5 . of]hgfsf lgwf{l/t nIo k|flKtsf lgldQ b:tfj]hn]
kf6L,{ hgd'lQm ;]gf, ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hg kl/ifb, ljleGg hftLo tyf If]qLo :jfoQ
;/sf/x?, ljleGg df]rf{x?, hgjlu{o ;+u7gx?, ljefux? / cfd hg;d'bfo;Dd kf6L{sf]
Plss[t / s]Gb|Ls[t - Unified and Centralised_ g]t[Tjdf k|lt/f]w cufl8 a9fpg hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . ;fy} gof+ of]hgfdf
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] bIftf, ;fwg >f]t / ;+Vofdf ePsf] u'0ffTds a[l4sf] l:ylt /
k|Tofs|d0fsf] cfjZostfnfO{ Wofg lb+b} To;sf] ;+/rgfdf a[l4 ul/ k"jL{ /
klZrdL l8eLhgsf cnfjf dWo l8eLhgsf] ljsf; ul/Psf] 5 . h; cg';f/ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
lgoldt ;}Go zlQm ca # l8eLhg, ( la|u]8 / @( a6flnogdf ;+u7Lt x'g k'u]sf] 5 .
;fy} Ps nfv a/fa/sf] hgldlnzLofnfO{ klg lhNnf / If]qLo x]8Sjf6{/ cGtu{t sDkgL
:t/;Ddsf] ;+/rgf -formation_ df ljsf; ug]{ lg0f{o
ul/Psf] 5 . cGtdf gof+ of]hgfn] j}b]lzs x:tIf]ksf lj?4 n8\g cfd hgtfnfO{
;'?8=o'4 - tunnel war_ nufotsf /Iff /
cfs|d0f;DalGw cfwf/e"t ;}lgs k|lzIf0f lbg] nIo;d]t :ki6 u/]sf] 5 .
8=_ b:tfj]hsf] csf]{
dxTjk"0f{ lx:;fdf ;+u7gfTds z'l4s/0fsf] lj:t[t k|:tfj k|:t"t ul/Psf]
5 . j}rfl/s z'l4s/0f / ;+u7g / sfo{z}nLdf z'l4s/0fsf b'O efudf k|:t't
ul/Psf]pQm k|:tfjdf cleofgsf] 7f]; of]hgf / sfo{s|d ;d]t ls6fg ul/Psf] 5 .
To;cg';f/ j}rfl/s z'l4s/0fdf k|r08kysf] /Iff, k|of]u / ljsf; ug]{ ;lx dfn]dfjfbL
;f]r, JolQmjfbL c/fhstfjfb / gf]s/zfxL sfo{z}nLsf lj?4 j}rfl/s ;+3if{sf] dxTj
Pj+ 4GbfTds tyf P]ltxfl;s ef}ltsjfbsf] cWoog / k|uf]usf] ;d:ofaf/] 7f]; lbzf
lgb]{z ul/Psf] 5 . ;+u7gfTds z'l4s/0f / sfo{z}nLdf ;'wf/ cGtu{t sfd sfo{jfxLdf
ljutsf uNtL sdhf]/Lx?af6 lzIff lnb}+ d'VotM hg;d'bfo / ldqzlQmx?;+usf]
;DaGwnfO{ xflb{s, ;hLj / k|uf9 t"Nofpg ckgfpg' kg]{ ljleGg k|fjwfgx?
lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 . l;+uf] b]zsf] lhDdf lng] lx;fan] cfkm\gf] ljrf/, ;+u7g /
sfo{z}nLdf z'l4s/0f ug]{ dd{g} k|:tfjsf] d"n dd{ /x]sf] 5 . z'l4s/0fnfO{
s]Gb|b]lv z'/ u/]/ tn;Dd cleofgs} ?kdf n}hfgsf nflu sfo{s|dsf] 7f];?k/]vf ;d]t
lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 .
%_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn]
/fhg}lts / ;+u7gfTds k|:tfj kfl/t ul/ ;s]kl5 k|Tofs|d0fsf gof+ of]hgfsf ljleGg
cfjZos ;+u7gfTds / ;}Go ljGof;sf slxof} dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox? u/]sf] 5 .
^_ a}7ssf] clGtd r/0fdf
ljleGg sd/]8x?af6 a}7saf/] cfkm\gf] cg'e"tL dGtJo /fVg] ;dfkg sfos|dsf]
of]hgf ul/of] . dGtJo /fVg] ;a} sd/]8x?af6 s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] of] a}7s j}rfl/s,
/fhg}lts, ;f+u7lgs / ljlwut x/]s b[li6n] b'/ufdL / P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf] aGg
k'u]sf] ;ldIff k|:t't ul/of] .
;dfkg sfo{s|dsf] cGtdf cWoIf s=k|r084f/f cfkm\gf]
dxTjk"0f{ dGtJodfkm{t a}7snfO{ ax'cfoflds dxTj /fVg] ljho / Pstfsf]
a}7ssf]?kdf kl/efifLt ub}{ o; P]ltxfl;s a}7ssf] ;dfkg ePsf]] 3f]if0ff ug'{ eof]
. cWoIfaf6 ;dfkgsf] 3f]if0ffsf] nuQ} ;a} sd/]8x?4f/f cf cfkm\gf] 7fpaf6 p7]/
d'l7 prfNb} k|lta4 efj / hf]zsf ;fy lgDg gf/fx? uuge]bL?kdf 3GsfOof] .
/0fg}lts k|Tofs|d0f—;kmn
kf5f}{+ @
;fd|fHojfb tyf ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfb—d'bf{jfb @
;j{xf/f cGt/fli6\ojfb —lhGbfjfb
@
dfn]dfjfb /
k|r08ky—lhGbfjfb @
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_—lhGbfjfb
@
dxfg hgo'4—lhGbfjfb @
jL/ zlxbx?—nfn;nfd @
ldtL M !^ efb|
@)^! ======================
k|r08
cWoIf
s]=;=
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_Æ
sf7df8f}+÷ ut efb| !% ut]
cfkm"nfO{ O/fsL :jtGqtfsf] nflu nl8/x]sf] eGg] …cG;f/ cn ;'GxfxfÚ gfds O:nfdL cltjfbLn] !@ hgf
lgbf]{if g]kfnLsf] xTof u/]sf 5g\ . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] r/d nfkjf{xL / a]jf:tfsf
sf/0f /f]huf/Lsf nflu O/fs k'¥ofOPsf !@ lgbf]{if, lgxTyf g]kfnL gful/sn] Hofg
u'dfpg' k/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL bnfnsf] ?kdf s'Voft b]dfn] ;/sf/n] cd]l/sLnfO{ O/fsL
cltqmd0fdf u/]sf] ;xof]u / ;dy{g tyf k'/fgf] ;Qf lgs6sf bnfnx?n] nnfO{ kmsfO{
O/fs k'¥ofP/ cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] df]x/f agfOPsf] kl/0ffdn] g} of] ljeT; 36gf ePsf]
k|i6 ePsf] 5 .
O/fsdf
g]kfnLsf] xTof ul/Psf] ef]lnkN6 g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08n] Ps
lj1KtL k|sflzt u/L pQm kf;las xTofsf08 / To;sf]
lj¿4 lhDd]jf/ O:nflds cltjfbL ;fy} uf]xLsf] cf“;' r'xfpg] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] 3f]/
eT;{gf / lgGbf ub}{ d[tssf kl/jf/x¿k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ug'{ePsf] 5 .
jxf“åf/f hf/L jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5–ælxhf] O/fsdf O:nflds
cfltjfbLsf] sAhfdf /x]sf !@ hgf g]kfnL o'jfx¿sf] lgd{d, sfo/tfk"0f{ /
g[z+; xTofsf] va/n] xfdLnfO{ :tAw t'NofPsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;fdGtL ;Qfsf] gfnfosL
/fi6«3ftL hglj/f]wL gLlt of] xTofsf08 kl5sf] alnof] sf/0f /x]sf] tYodf xfdL cfd
g]kfnL hgtfsf] Wofg cfs{lift u/fpg rfxG5f}+ . b]zdf hgtfsf lj?4 xTof / cft+ssf]
/fHo sfod ul/ a]/f]huf/ o'jfx¿nfO{ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] of]]hgf cg';f/ O/fs
nufot ljZjsf ljleGGf b]zx¿df k'¥ofO{ d'To'sf] d'vdf ws]Ng] b]zb|f]xL k'/fgf]
;Qfsf] lj¿4 ljb|f]x / d'lQm lagf g]kfNfL hgtfsf] sNof0f c;Dej 5 .
xfd|f] kf6L{ pQm kf;las xTofsf08 / To;sf] lj¿4 lhDd]jf/ O:nflds cltjfbL
;fy} clxn] uf]xLsf] cf“;' r'xfpg] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] 3f]/ e|T;{gf / lgGbf ub}{
d[tssf kl/jf/x¿ k|lt xflb{s ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ a]/f]]huf/ g]kfnL
o'jfx¿ Pj+ cfd g]kfnL hgtf ;dIf cfÏg} b]zdf /x]/ d'lQm / /f]huf/Lsf] ;[li6sf
lgldQ dxfg hgo'4df cem b[9tfk"j{s nfda4 aGg xflb{s clkn ub{5 .Æ
To;}u/L g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ ljz]if ;+u7g ;ldlt sf7df8f}+sf ;+of]hs
k|zfGtn] efb| !& ut] Ps k|]; jQmJo hf/L u/L æk'/fgf] ;QfkIf g]kfnL hgtfsf]
/fli6«o 9's'6Ldf a|Dxn'6 ul/ ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbLx?sf] cf8 / e/f];fdf b]zsf]
cy{tGq ljb]zL bnfn k"hL+ktLju{nfO{ ;"Dk]/ g]kfnL hgtfsf 5fltdf ad /
uf]nL a;{fpb} g]kfnL o'jfhdftnfO{ ;fd|fHojfbs} u'? of]hgf d'tfljs ljb]z nv6\]/
/ ;+;f/e/ 5/]/ a]xfn kfg{ tlNng /x]sf] s'/f cfh 3fdem} 5nË /x]sf] 5Æ eGg'ePsf]
5 . jxf“n] jQmJosf] cGTodf –æGofok"0f{ >dhLlj hgtfsf kIfdf cfjfh a'nGb
kfg'{x'g] tdfd d'lQmsfdL hgtfnfO{ at{dfg /fHo ;+oGqnfO{ Wj:t agfO{ gof“ /fHo
;Qf :yfkgfsf] lbzfdf Psfsf/ eO{ cufl8 a9\g xflb{s cfJxfg ub{5f}Æ eGg'ePsf] 5 .
To:t} clvn g]kfn
/fli6«o :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgog -s|flGtsf/L_sf s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ;lrj ;'/]z
uf}tdn] Ps k|]; jQmJo k|sflzt u/L /f]huf/Lsf l;nl;nfdf O/fs k'u]sf !@ hgf
g]kfnLx?nfO{ sAhfdf lnP/ Toxf“sf] d':nLd cltjfbL ;+u7g¢f/f ul/Psf]
aa{/tfk"0f{ xTofsf] 36gfk|lt uDeL/ Wofg cfs{if0f ePsf] hgfpg'ePsf] 5 . uf}tdn] jQmJodf–æcfd g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ lzIff, :JFf:Yo,
/f]huf/L / ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/af6 jlGrt u/]/ /fHosf] tkm{af6 g} gful/sx?nfO{
cfkm\gf] ;Lk / bIftfsf] pkof]u u/]/ lhljsf]kfh{g ug{ a]nufd ljb]lzg afWo kfg'{
/ sAhfdf k/]sf gful/sx?sf] ;'/Iff / l/xfOsf] nflu kl/0ffdd'vL kxn gu/L ;fdfGo
cf}krfl/stf dfq lgefpg] k|of; ug]{ of] ;/sf/ g} tL >dhLlj g]kfnLx?sf]
xTofsf] d'Vosf/0f ePsf] :ki6 5 .Æ eGg'ePsf] 5 .
To;}u/L g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldlt, ef/t s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf cWoIf nId0f kGtn] ut efb| !^ ut] Ps k|]z lj1KtL k|sflzt u/L O/fsdf
lgbf]{if, c;xfo / caf]w g]kfnL dhb'/x?sf] O:nfdL cltjfbL ;+u7gåf/f ul/Psf] h3Go
/ ck/fwk"0f{ xTofsf] lgGbf / eT;gf{ ub}{ d[tssf cfkmGtx?k|lt ulx/f]
;xfg'e"lt / ;dj]bgf k|s6 ug'{ePsf] 5 .
jQmJodf jxf“n]–æcfÎgf gful/snfO{ b]zlwq} /f]huf/L pknJw
u/fpg'sf] ;6\6f ef8fsf l;kfxLsf] ?kdf jf ;:tf] >ldssf] ?kdf cGt/f{li6«o
>d d08nLdf ws]lnlbgsf nflu ax';+Vos g]kfnL hgtfsf] ljZjf; u'dfO;s]sf]
dWoo'uLg ;fdGtL /fhtGq / p;sf] df]x/f ag]sf] b]pjf ;/sf/ lhDd]jf/ 5 . b]zdf
lg/+s'z /fhtGq lj?4 hgtfsf] cfqmf]znfO{ dTy/ kfg]{, ;fd|fHojfbL cd]l/sfnfO{
cfÎgf] o'4lkkf;' gLlt nfu" ug{ v8\lsPsf] hgzlQmsf] cefjnfO{ kl/k"lt{
ug]{ u'?of]hgf cGtu{t vf]lnPsf] slyt d]gkfj/ sDkgLx? lhp“bf g]kfnLx?sf] df;'
a]Rg] s;fOsf k;n ag]sf 5g\ . xfdL o; k|]; lj1lKt dfkm{t g]kfnLx?sf] dfgj t:s/L
ug]{ s'Voft tL slyt d]g kfj/ sDkgLx? tTsfn aGb ug{ / O/fs k7fpg lhDd]jf/ ;DalGwt
d]gkfj/ / >ddGqfnosf JolQmx?dfly Hofgd'2f rnfP/ s7f]/ sfjf{xL ug]{ dfu
ub{5f}+ .Æ
o;}u/L O/fsL ckx/0f / xTofsf] lj/f]wdf g]kfnsf ljleGg
dfgjlwsf/ ;+3÷;+:yf, /fhg}lts kf6L{ / JolQmTjx?n] 3f]/ eT;gf{ ub}{ o; xTofdf
O:nfdL cltjfbLx?sf ;fy;fy} k'/fgf] ;Qf klg bf]ifL /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ .
g]kfnsf] b+ufdf b/af/, zfxL ;]gf / ef/tsf] xft
sf7df8f}+÷ O/fsdf Toxf“sf] O:nfdL
cltjfbLx?n] !@ hgf lgbf]{if g]kfnLsf] xTof u/]sf] cfqmf]zdf oxL efb| !^ ut]
;8sdf pq]sf hgtfsf] :jtM:km"t{ cfGbf]ngsf] cf8df b/af/, zfxL ;]gf / ef/tåf/f
kl/rflnt d08n], u'Ktr/, u'08f / ;}lgsx?n] g} ljleGg lgbf]{if hgtfsf 3/ k;n
tf]8kmf]8 u/sf], ljleGg ;+rf/dfWoddf cfqmd0f u/]sf] s'/f ljleGg /fhg+}lts
kf6L{, ;+3÷;+:yf / JolQmTjx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .
cfGbf]ng/t ;+;bLo rf/ bnx¿n]
k|bz{gsf qmddf ePsf tf]8kmf]8 / cfuhgL ;/sf/ cfkm}+n] ;]gfsf JolQm, u'Ktr/ /
d08n]x¿af6 u/fPsf] 7x/ u/]sf 5g\ . tL bnsf zLif{ g]tfx¿sf] cfOtaf/ a;]sf]
a}7sn] …;/sf/n] clk|o 36gf x'gaf6 hf]ufpg'sf] ;§f pN6} u'Ktr/, ;]gf / d08n]
k7fP/ ljleGg 7fp“df tf]8kmf]8 / cfuhgLsf 36gf 36fpg k|]l/t / d2t u/]sf] v'Ng
cfPsf]Ú bfaL u/]sf] 5 . tL kf6L{sf g]tfx¿sf] a}7skl5 hf/L lj1lKtdf ljleGg
;+rf/dfWod, dl:hbx¿, ljleGg Dofgkfj/ sDkgLsf sfof{no, ljb]zL Po/nfOG;sf sfof{no
tyf lghL 3/x¿ ;/sf/s} nfkjf{xL / if8\oGqsf sf/0f tf]8kmf]8 / cfuhgL ePsf] bfaL
ul/Psf] 5 .
pQm a}7sdf
sf+u|];n] a'waf/sf] 36gfdf b/afl/ofsf] xft /x]sf] k|df0f:j¿k /fhb/af/sf sd{rf/L
bnaxfb'/ e'h]nsf] k|j]zkq -kl/rokq_ sf] kmf]6f]skL afl8Psf] lyof] . efb| !^ ut]
a'waf/ laxfg /Tgkfs{l:yt sf+u|];sf] cgzg:ynsf] kfndf cfuf] nufpg cfPsf cfqmd0fsf/Laf6
sf+u|]; sfo{stf{n] e'h]nsf] k|j]zkq vf];]sf lyP . lgh e'h]nsf] bhf{ !%&!(!
;L / kl/rokq g+= %$** /x]sf] pQm k|j]zkqdf /fhb/af/sf sfd' ;}lgs ;lrj uh]Gb|
lnDa"sf] b:tvt 5 / /fhb/af/df sfhdf /x]sf e'h]nsf] k|j]zkqsf] dfGo cjlw
@)^$÷!÷! ;Dd 5 . b/jf/df sfo{/t ;]gfx?s} g]t[Tjdf tf]8kmf]8 / n'6kf6 ePsf]
k'li6 pQm kl/ro kqjf6 klg x'G5 .
To;}u/L tL bnx?n] efb| !^ ut]
tf]8kmf]8 / cfuhgL lgoGq0fsf qmddf uf]nL nfu]/ dfl/g] b'O{hgfdWo] Pshgf ;}lgs
kl/jf/l;t ;Da4 /x]sf] / csf{sf] kl/ro ;/sf/n] uf]Ko /fv]sfn] pQm 36gfdf
;}lgssf] e"ldsf z+sf:kb ag]sf] ljZn]if0f klg u/]sf 5g\ . ljZj:t ;|f]tsf
cg';f/ ;f] lbg pkTosfsf …leS6/–!Ú l8cfhL czf]s >]i7n] cfkm" lgoGqLt
6's8LnfO{ sflGtk'/ / Rofgn g]kfndflysf] cfqmd0fnfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu cfb]z lbPsf]
t/ ;f] 6's8LnfO{ ;]gfn] b/jf/åf/f dgf]lgt ;+rf/dGqL df]xdb df]xl;gsf]
afuahf/l:yt vfnL 3/ / pBf]u, jfl0fHo / cfk"lt dGqL O{Zj/ kf]v/]nsf]
w'Djf/fxLl:yt 3/nfO{ ;'/Iff ug{ hfg cfb]z lbPsf] lyof] . h;sf sf/0f b/jf/Lof /
zfxL ;]gfsf] g]t[Tjdf sflGtk'/ / Rofgn g]kfndf cfqmd0f e} s/f]8f}+sf] IFlt x'g
k'Uof] . ;]gfn] afg]Zj/ / sf]6]Zj/sf a8f k|x/Lsf k|x/Lx?nfO{ ;d]t ;f] cfqmd0f
/f]SgnfO{ hfg glbO cfkm"x? hfg] jtfP/ Jofks Iflt eO;s]kl5 dfq cfkm"
uP/ p2f/ u/]sf] gf6s u/]sf] lyof] . t/ ;]gf Toxf k'Ubf klg cfqmd0f hf/L /fv]sf
s;}nfO{ ;]gfn] kqmfp gug'{n] pQm 36gf of]hgfj4 ePsf] k'li6 x'G5 .
;+rf/dfWoddflysf] tf]8kmf]8sf Ps k|ToIfbzL{n] hgfb]znfO{ lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/
sflGtk'/dfly cfqmd0f eO/xbf l;len kf]zfsdf /x]sf zfxL ;]gfsf Ps nK6gn] ;]gfn]
af]Sg] ;+rf/ ;]6jf6} sfd ;kmn ePsf] eGb} ;Dks{ u/]sf lyP . s]xL ;do cl3 cfÎgf]
st'{t sflGtk'/n] ;fj{hlgs u/]kl5 cfqmf]lzt kf/; zfxsf] lgb]{zgdf zfxL ;]gf /
b/jf/Lof d08n]x?n] sflGtk'/dfly pQm cfqmd0f u/]sf] x'g;Sg] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 .
O/fsdf g]kfnLx?sf] xTof ul/Psf]
cfqmf]zdf pq]sf hgtfsf] cf8df b/af/, ;]gf / ef/tn] dl:hb, ;j{;fwf/0f /
;+rf/dfWoddf cfqmd0f u/L ;}lgsLs/0fnfO{ cem tLj| ultdf cufl8 a9fpg vf]h]sf]
s'/f g]kfnLx?sf] efjgfnfO{ unt lsl;dn] df]8]/ wfld{s c;lxi0f'tfnfO{ a9jf lbg
vf]Hg' tyf ljleGg ;+rf/ dfWoddf cfqmd0f ug'{n] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 .
hg;]gfsf] w/fkdf tLg zfxL
;}lgssf] d[To÷Ps bh{g 3fOt]
kf]v/f÷ hg;]gfn] efb| @) ut] laxfg ;f9] & ah]lt/
tgx“'df yfk]sf] ljB'tLo w/fk lj:kmf]6df kl/ tLg ;}lgssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . cGo Ps bh{g zfxL ;}lgs 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . ;a} 3fOt]nfO{
pkrf/sf nflu x]lnsK6/åf/f sf7df8f}+ nluPsf] lyof] . ;f] 36gf:yn tgx'“ ;b/d'sfd
bdf}nLb]lv ! lsnf]ld6/ k"j{df k5{ . hgbdg / tyfslyt u:tLsf] qmddf uPsf
zfxL ;]gfnfO{ dfcf]jfbL hg;]gfn] w/fkdf kf/]sf lyP . o; 36gf ;DaGwdf hg;]gfsf]
k|ltlqmof cfpg af“sL 5 .
sf7df8f}+÷sof}+
lgbf]{if g]kfnLsf] xTof u/]sf …o'j/fh kf/;Ún] cfÎg} >LdtL lxdfgL zfxnfO{
;d]t dfg]{ k|of; u/]sf 5g\ . ljleGg ;'qx?af6 k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ ut zlgjf/
kf/;n] >LdtL;“u ljjfb x'“bf pgnfO{ uDeL/ ?kdf s'6kL6 u/]sf lyP . s'6kL6kl5
lxdfgL zfxnfO{ x]lnsf]K6/af6 5fpgLl:yt zfxL ;]gfsf] c:ktfndf pkrf/ u/fpg
nluPsf] atfOPsf] lyof] .
t/ o; 36gfnfO{ 9fs5f]k ug{ / s]xL gePsf] eGg] b]vfpgsf
nflu cfOtjf/ kf/;n] cfkm}+n] uf8L xf“s]/ lxdfgLnfO{ xg'dfg9f]sf 3'dfpg nu]sf
lyP / To;nfO{ g]kfn 6]lnlehgnufot cGo ;+rf/ dfWodn] k|d'vtfsf ;fy k|rf/ u/]sf
lyP . o;cl3 ut dlxgf kf/;n] lxdfgL zfx / gfafns 5f]/Lx?nfO{ lgd{n lgjf;df
s'6lk6 u/]sf] / pgLx?nfO{ gf/fo0flx6L g} Nofpg k/]sf] atfOPsf] lyof] . To:t}
Pe/]i6 xf]6ndf cfkm"nfO{ >LdtL lxdfgL zfxn] lng cfPsf] emf]sdf kf/;n]
rf/ /fp08 uf]nL rnfPsf lyP . To;}n] of] 36gfnfO{ n'sfpg b/jfl/ofx?n] hlt;'s}
gf6s u/] klg To;nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] kTofpg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .
sf7df8f}+÷clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf cWoIf n]vgfy
Gof}kfg]n] efb| !# ut] Ps k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] lzIff dGqfnonfO{ Ps kq n]lv xTof
ul/Psf ;+u7gsf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{sf] xTofsf] ljifodf 5fgjLg u/L bf]lifdfly
sf/jfxL u/]/ ;'/Iffsf] ljZjf;gLo cfwf/ lgdf{0f ug{ dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 . jxf“n]
jQmJodf–æcfd ljßfyL{sf /fhg}lts :jtGqtf / z}lIfs clwsf/sf ;fy} lzIff If]qdf
ljs/fn aGb} uO/x]sf] ljs[lt / lj;+ultsf lj?¢df ;zSt ;+3if{ ul//x]sf] xfd|f]
;+u7g cg]/f:jljo' -s|flGtsf/L_ / >L % sf] ;/sf/ lzIff tyf v]ns'b d+Gqfno
lardf jftf{ / ;+Djfbsf] dfWodaf6 z}lIfs ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug{ ;xdlt eP/ cft+ssf/Lsf]
cf/f]k lkmtf{ ul/Pkl5 klg ;+u7gsf lhDd]jf/ g]tf sfo{stf{x?sf] lu/km\tf/L /
xTofsf] >[+vnf lg/+Gt/ hf/L /fv]/ jftf{sf] jftfj/0f agfpg'sf] ;§f ;+u7gnfO{
pQ]lht kfl/Psf] k|lt ;+u7g uDeL/ Wofgfs{if0f u/fpg rfxG5 ;fy} To; dGqfnosf]
tkm{af6 jftf{sf] lglDt ul/Psf] cf≈jfgsf] :jfut ub{5 / ;+u7gåf/f ljutdf
JoSt ePsf] dfGotf / k|ltaåtf k|lt s'g} k|sf/sf] z+sf gug{ ;d]t cg'/f]w ub{5
.
d"ntM ;'/Iffsf] ;jfndf uDeL/ k|Zg pl7/x]sf] ;Gbe{df
xTof lu/km\tf/L / a]kQfsf] >+[vnfnfO{ /f]ls tTsfn jftf{sf] ;xdlt ePkZrft\
lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o x/L cfrfo{ ;b:ox? b'uf{ lj=s=, /fh' 9sfn,
kfj{tL Gof}kfg] nufotsf g]tf sfo{stf{x? l/xf ug{ / xTof ul/Psf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
a}s'07 kf]v/]n nufotsf g]tf sfo{stf{sf] xTofsf] ljifodf 5fgljg u/L bf]lifdfly
sf/jfxL u/]/ ;'/Iffsf] ljZjf;gLo cfwf/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;+u7g cg'/f]w ub{5 .
cfd
hg;d'bfosf] rfxgf adf]lhd jftf{af6 ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg ug{sf] nflu ;+u7gsf]
tkm{af6 ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o >L /d]z dNnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf lgDg cg';f/ ;b:ox?
/xg] ul/ jftf{ ;ldlt u7g ul/ ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] Jo≈of]/f To; d+GqfnonfO{
hfgsf/L u/fp+b5f} . ;b:ox?M !=lxdfn zdf{, dxf;lrj–j]kQf, @=lzj/fd ofbj, ;lrjfno
;b:o s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt, #=;'/]z uf}td, s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:o .Æ
To;}u/L clvn -qmflGtsf/L_, ;u/dfyf
;+of]hg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs z/brGb| /;fOnLn]–æ/fhfsf] lgufxdf ag]sf] Pdfn]
;lxtsf] b]pjf g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] xfd|f] ;+u7g cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_dfly
nufPsf] cft+ssf/L cf/f]k lkmtf{ lnPkl5 klg ;+u7gsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o a}s'07 kf]v/]n
nufotsf ;fyLx?sf] xTof jftf{sf] l;nl;nfdf ul/Psf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o x/Lz/0f
cfrf{osf] ckx/0f, vf]6fª lhNnf cWoIfsf] l/xfkl5 k'gM a]kQf kfl/g' cflb jftf{
lj/f]wL ;Qf kIfsf] xs{tn] glhls+b} uPsf] ;/sf/ clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ aLrsf] ;Defljt
jftf{ xfn s'lx/f]sf] sfu alg/x]sf]Æ atfp“b} æjftf{ 6f]nL agfP/ xfd|f] ;+u7gn]
jftf{sf] lglDt cToGt} ;sf/fTds k|oTg ul//x]sf] eP klg pN6} clvn -qmflGtsf/L_
jftf{ k|lt pbfl;g ag]sf] em'7f] asjf; dfq} ;/sf/L kIf ul//x]sf] 5}g ls
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ / ;/sf/ aLr ePsf] jftf{sfndf lg;z:q cj:yfdf lu/Îtf/ ul/Psf
cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ vf]6fª lhNnf cWoIf bLks tfdfªnfO{ rsf]{ ;}lgs lx/f;tsf]
oftgf kZrft\ l/xf ul/Psf] clego ub}}{ k'g ckx/0f u/L a]kQf kfl/g'n] ;/sf/
jf:tljs jftf{ / ;+jfbsf] kIfdf gePsf] k|i6 x'G5 . ;/sf/sf o:tf jf:tljs jftf{
lj/f]wL u}/sfg"gL / u}/lhDd]jf/ lqmofsnfk eO/x]sf] ;Gbe{df l/xf kZrft\ a]kQf kfl/Psf cWoIf tfdfªnfO{
;Ddfgk"j{s l/xf u/L jftf{ / ;Djfbsf] cg's"n jftfj/0f gagfP s8f
;+3if{x?sf] dfWodåf/f k|lt/f]w ug'{sf] ljsNk xfdL;“u /xg] 5}g .Æ eGg'ePsf] 5 .
yk pBF]u k|lti7fg aGb u/fOg]
sf7df8f}+÷clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o"lgog
dxf;+3, g]kfnn] efb| ! ut] b]lv clglZrtsflng aGb ub}{ cfPsf]df xfn ;Dd klg
;/sf/ / pBf]u Joj;foLx?n] cfÎgf] ;+u7gsf] tkm{af6 k]z ul/Psf dfux? k"/f
gul/Psf]n] efb| ! ut] af6 clglZrtsflng aGb u/]sf pBf]u k|lti7fgx? ;lxt cGo lgDg
pBf]u k|lti7fgx? klg efb| @% ut] b]lv clglZrtsflng aGb ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .
oxL efb| @! ut] ;f] ;+u7gsf cWoIf zflns/fd hd/s6\6]nn] Ps jQmJo hf/L u/L pQm
3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] xf] .
jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5 æxfd|f] ;+u7g clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o"lgog
dxf;+3n] g]kfn ;/sf/, pBf]u Joj;foLx? ;dIf g]kfnL dhb'/x?n] ef]Ub} cfPsf]
/fhg}lts cfyL{s nufPtsf dfux? k'/fu/fpgsf] nflu g]kfnsf ;fdGtjfbL ;Qf ;~rfns
u'6x? / plgx?nfO{ /fhg}lts, cfyL{s ;xof]u ug]{ ljb]zL bnfn / :jb]zL
k"“hLkltx?sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf b]ze/sf ljleGg pBf]u k|lti7fgx? olx efb| !
ut] b]lv clglZtsflng aGb ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . xfn ;Ddklg ;/sf/ / pBf]u Joj;foLx?n]
xfd|f] ;+u7gsf] tkm{af6 k]zul/Psf dfux? k'/f gul/Psf]n] efb| ! ut] af6
clglZrtsflng aGb u/]sf pBf]u k|lti7fgx? ;lxt yk lgDg pBf]u k|lti7fgx? ldlt
@)^!.%.@% ut] b]lv clglZrtsflng aGb ug]{ 3f]if0ff ub{5f} . aGb ul/g] pBf]u
k|lti7fgx? lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ .
!=dfof]h rfprfp pBf]u, ag]kf sfe|], @=lxdfn Uof“; ag]kf, #=cd/fjlt
OG6/g]zgn k|f=ln=, sdnfbL sf7df8f}+, $= uf]vf{nl/ k|f=ln=, %=lxdfn OG6/g]zgn
kfj/ sDklg k|f=ln=, ^=ef]6]sf]zL kfj/ sDklg k|f=ln=, &=l;lkª g]kfn k|f=ln,
*=xf]6n dNn, sf7df8f}+, (=PnhL l6=le= sf7df8f}+, !)=clUg oftfoft k|f=ln=,
!!=;Ltf/fd 8]/L ldNs k|f=ln= rf]ef/, sf7df8f}+, !@= ltn+uf oftfoft ;]jf,
sf7df8f}+, !#= kfg'/fdf Dofgkfj/ sDklg, nflhDkf6, !$=l;k|l4 6]l8ǻ k|f=ln=
sf7df8f}+ / b]ze/sf zfvfx?, !%=jfOjfO{ rfprfp pBf]u, nlntk'/÷lrtjg, !^=x/Ll;l4
O§f 6fon pBf]u, nlntk'/ / To;sf ;Dk'0f{ sf/f]af/x?, !&=Pg=lj= u|'ksf]
;Dk'0f{ sf/f]af/, !*=n]sfnL / ;fyL rfprfp pBf]u, !(=lkmi6]n nh, kf]v/f,
@)=6'j]N; len]h l/;f]{6, af“s], @!=u+ufnIdL /f]lhª vf]6f] sDklg, af“s],
@@=ljgfos xf]6n, af“s], @#=af;'gLsf ;'u/ldn, s}nfnL, @$=u+ufu|fd rf}w/L pBf]u
k|f=ln, gjnk/f;L, @%= e[s[6L kN; P08 k]k/ g]kfn k|f=ln=, gjnk/f;L, @^= g'dflg6
k|f=ln=, gjnk/f;L, @&= Hof]lt u|'k / lxdfn u|'k cGt{ut k;f{ k/jfgLk'/df
/x]sf ;Dk'0f{ pBf]ux?, @*= xf]6n 6fOu/ 6k, lrtjg, @(= sf]zL d]6n, df]/ª, #)=
;"o{ g]kfn ufd]{G6, df]/ª, #!= czf]s 6]S;6fOn, df]/ª, #@= afaf h'6ldn,
df]/ª, ##= lxdfno u'8|Ls l6 uf8]{g, emfkf, #$= ;f]lQmd lrof aufg Onfd / l8n/x?,
#%=8fa/ g]kfn k|f=ln= ag]kf .
dfly pNn]lvt pBf]u k|lti7fg / Joj;fox? aGb ul/lbg'x'g ;fy} xfd|f dfux?
k"/f u/fpg ;xof]u ul/lbgx'g ;Dk"0f{ pBf]u Joj;foLx?, Gofok|]dL
hg;d'bfo, kqsf/ nufPt pBf]u dhb'/x?nfO{ xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fy} hgtf k|lt
cg'Q/bfoL ljb]zL ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf] s7k'tnL hgxTof/f] ;}Go kmfl;jfbL
g]kfnsf] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ s'g}klg s/ /fhZj ga'emfpg ;Dk"0f{ pBf]u
Joj;foLx?df xfd|f] ;+u7g xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .Æ
kf“ry/df ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] nx/
lkmlbd÷$! uf=h=;=df ljeflht
k"jL{ kxf8L lhNnf kf“ry/nfO{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] bz j6f Pl/ofdf ljefhg
u/L kf6L{sf ultljlwx?nfO{ cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] 5 . kf“ry/jf;L hgtfdf zf]if0f, bdg,
cGofo, cTofrf/ / e|i6frf/sf] lj?4 g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] rnfPsf] cleofgn] cfd
hg;d'bfodf ;sf/fTds k|efj k/]sf] 5 . o;} sf/0f kf6L{ sfdsf cltl/Qm ljsf; lgdf{0f / >d ;+rfngsf sfdx? klg u'0ffTds ?kdf
eO/x]sf 5g\ . ufp“sf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf :yfgLo hgtf / kf6L{ Pl/ofsf sfo{stf{x?sf]
;+nUgtf x'g'sf] cltl/Qm ufp“sf km6fxf, 3';vf]/L, zf]ifs, ;fdGtx?nfO{ >d
lzlj/df nufO{ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfdx?df tLj|tf lbPsf] 5 .
ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfdx?nfO{ cufl8 a9fpg]
l;nl;nfdf % g+= Pl/of cGt{ut l;jf“sf] r'g] vf]nfb]lv n'Dkmfj'·–* ;Dd kf“r
lsnf]ld6/ aGb /x]sf] k'/fgf] l;+rfO{ s'nf]nfO{ dd{t u/L ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . o;
s'nf] lgdf{0fn] b'O{j6f j8fsf hgtfx?nfO{ /fd|f] l;+rfO{ ;'ljwf ePsf] 5 . o;}
Pl/of cGt{ut gjdL 8f“8f–# df @) /f]kgL hUufdf cld|;f] -clDn;f]_aufg nufPsf] 5 .
o;}ul/ gjdL 8f“8f–& ef]u6]gL df=lj=df v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . o;
Pl/of cGt{ut l56km'6 ?kdf eg] cgluGtL ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{x? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . otf
^ g+= Pl/ofdf sAhf ul/Psf] ;fdGtx?sf] hUuf tyf ;fj{hflgs 7fp“ cGt{ut () /f]kgL
hUufdf æ;'Ddfxfn'· t]Guk l;ª\h· nfh]Æ -lrof aufgsf] lnDj" efiffaf6
/flvPsf] :yfgLo ljz]iftf af]s]sf] gfd_lrof aufg nufOPsf] 5 . h;df #% xhf/
lrofsf lj?jf /f]lkPsf] 5 . lrof aufgsf] jl/j/L uf]j|], cd]l/sg ;Nnf nufotsf
& ;o $^ la?jf / lkKn]sf ! xhf/ ! ;o af]6lj?jf nufO pQm hUuf tf/ af/n]
3]l/Psf] 5 . ! xhf/ ! ;o hgfeGbf a9Lsf] hg;xeflutf /x]sf] pQm lrof aufgdf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] ## xhf/ nufgL u/]sf] 5 . pQm lrofaufg kf“ry/ lhNnfsf]
lrlnª\lbg–%df cjl:yt 5 . To;} u/L kmfSy]k–@, ofDjfkm'·df ‘ldng :d[lt v]n d}bfg’
lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . v]n d}bfgdf hgd'lQm ;]gf, kf6L{ Pl/of / $ xhf/ ! ;oeGbf a9L
hgtfsf] ;xeflutfdf pQm v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ePsf] lyof] . lrlnª\lbg–^ df ‘ldª\;f]
:d[lt l;+rfO{ s'nf] lgdf{0f’ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm s'nf] lgdf{0fn] @ ;o %) /f]kgL
hUufdf wfg /f]Kg ;'ljwf ePsf] 5 . pQm s'nf] lgdf{0f @ xhf/ ! ;o hgfeGbf a9L
hgtfsf] >d ;xeflutfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . :d/0f /xf];\ lrlnªlbg–! lgjf;L
b]j]Gb| g]Djfª -s=ldª\;f]_ !(cf}+ a6flnog …;L’ sDkgL P;=l6=Pkm= ;b:o /xL
emfkfdf sfo{/t
/x“bf emfkf v'b'gfjf/Ldf b'Zdg;“u le8Gtdf )^) kf}if @@ ut] pRr zxfbt k|fKt ug'{
ePsf] lyof] . kf}jf ;f/tfk–$ ;Nn]/Ldf æl/hg :d[lt vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfÆ lgdf{0f
sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm vfg]kfgL lgdf{0faf6 rf/ j6f wf/f hf]l8Psf] 5 . :d/0f
/xf];\ kf}jf ;f/tfk–$ lgjf;L lj/]Gb| g]Djf· -s=l/hg_ !(cf}+ a6flnog ‘aL’ sDkgL ;]S;g\ eL=;L=sf] ?kdf sfo{/t
/x“bf )^) r}q !% ut] cfGtl/s b'3{6gfdf zxfbt x'g'ePsf] lyof] . gfª\lug–*, ef]6]
ufp“df ‘ljZjjGw' :d[lt ;fd'bflos jg’ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . pQm jg lrxfg 8f“8fdf ^) /f]kgL hUufdf
km}lnPsf] 5 . :d/0f /xf];\ ljZjjGw' g]Djf· -s=cGof]n_ ODj'·–! lgjf;L tfKn]h'·sf]
v]jf·df )^) j}zfv klxnf] xKtfdf ePsf] e}/jgfy u0f;“usf] le8Gtdf pRr zxfbt k|fKt
ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . kf}jf ;f/tfkb]lv ODj'·;Dd hg;xeflutfdf tLg lsnf]ld6/ gofF
df]6/af6f] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . kmfSt]k–#, s'nDj' df=lj=df km'6an v]n
d}bfg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . 3''/lj;] k~rdL l:yt df=lj= / kmfSt]k–^ h'lhjf
k|f=lj=df zf}rfno lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . o;} u/L >d lzlj/åf/f kmfSt]k–* d}bfg]
k|f=lj= / lrlnª\lbg–^ s[i0f df=lj=df kSsL zf}rfno lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . pQm zf}rfno
lgdf{0fsf lglDt ;fdGt tyf km6fxfx?;“u rGbf nufpg'sf ;fy} hgtfn] >d nufPsf
lyP . 3'lj{;] k~rdL–%, kmfSyf]s / kmfSy]ksf] aLrdf /x]sf] k~rdL ahf/df Ps kz'
xf6 d}bfg lgdf{0f / ahf/ ;/;kmfO{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . To;sf lglDt k|To]s ! ut]
k|To]sn] >d ug'{ kg]{ clgjfo{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . otf /f“s] ahf/b]lv
lr;f]kfgL, s'?Djf, Onfd–kf“ry/ ;Ldf–;8s u|fe]ln· ePsf] 5 . o;sf] lglDt
7"nf] hg>d bfg x'g'sf] ;fy} Joj;foLx?n] ;d]t nufgL u/]sf 5g\ .
otf & g+= Pl/of cGt{ut of;f]s–&
b]lv @ ;Dd b'O{ lsnf]ld6/ k'/fgf] tyf gofF
df]6/ ;8s lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . /fgL ufp“df of;f]s–# b]lv /fgLufpF–!
ltNs];Dd rf/ lsnf]ld6/ af6f] lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . o;} u/L ltNs] k|f=lj=df km'6an
v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . :ofa'|vf–@ b]lv ^ ;Dd c9fO{ lsnf]ld6/
df]6/af6f], cfª\;f?·–! b]lv % ;Dd tLg lsnf]ld6/ gofF df]6/af6f] / % g+= a/af]6]
k|f=lj=df gofFkm'6an v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . * g+= Pl/of cGt{ut
dfª\hfj'·–# b]lv $, @ x'“b} ! g+= j8f;Dd rf/ lsnf]ld6/ df]6/ af6f] lgdf{0f
sfo{;DkGg ePsf] 5 . otf ;f/· 8f“8f–* b]lv $ ;Dd tLg lsnf]ld6/ k'/fgf] df]6/
af6f] dd{t sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;KtdL ahf/ lg=df=lj=df km'6an v]n d}bfg
agfOPsf] 5 . ;f/· 8f“8f–@ b]lv ! ;Dd b'O{
lsnf]ld6/, % b]lv hgtf k|f=lj=;Dd b'O{ lsnf]ld6/ af6f] lgdf{0f sfo{
;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;KtdL ahf/b]lv ^ g+=sf] lg=df=lj=;Dd
kf“r ;o ld6/, & g+= kf]v/Lb]lv ltufn] k|f=lj=;Dd Ps lsnf]ld6/, # g+=
pQ/]b]lv vfGb'|·;Dd c9fO{ lsnf]ld6/ af6f] / @ g+= l:yt >L l;4 eujtL
lg=df=lj=df v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . an]g ( g+= b]lv $ g+= l:yt an]g
lg=df=lj=;Dd af6f] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . pQm af6f] / v]n d}bfg Pdfn]
kf6L{sf tkm{af6 uf=lj=;=sf] pkfWoIfdf lgjf{lrt wg ;f“jfn] e|i6frf/ u/]sf] x'“bf
sfjf{xL :j?k >d lzlj/df /x“bf ;DkGg u/]sf lyP .
( g+= kf6L{ Pl/of cGt{ut cfª\gf ! b]lv
& ;Dd Ps lsnf]ld6/, hf]/zfn lg=df=lj=km'6an v]n d}bfg, df}jf–# df Ps
lsnf]ld6/ af6f], * g+= l:yt k|f=lj=df km'6an v]n d}bfg / zxLb :d[lt rf}tf/f]
lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . xfª\u'd–^ b]lv & x'“b} @ ;Dd 8]9 lsnf]ld6/ / ( g+= l:yt
ljBfnodf v]n d}bfg lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . !) g+= Pl/of cGt{ut /jLdf k|To]s j8fdf
df]6/af6f] lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 eg] @ g+= l:yt ljBfnodf Pp6f zf}rfno
lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . cf?af]6–$ df gofF df]6/af6f] lgdf{0f, s'?Djfdf tLg j6f j8fdf
gofF df]6/ af6f], & g+= l:yt ljBfnodf Pp6f zf}rfno lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . Hofg sf08sf] d'2fdf /x]sf !@ hgfsf] >d
lzlj/åf/f Ps zf}rfno lgdf{0f / lnDjf–(, hf]uL 8f“8f k|f=lj=df e|i6rf/LnfO{
>d lzlj/åf/f ljBfno
jl/k/L kvf{n lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . o:tf cleofgx? lhNnf e/L g} ;~rflnt
5g\ . oL ;a} sfo{x? kf6L{ sfo{stf{, hgd'lQm ;]gf / hgtfsf] >dbfgsf] cltl/Qm
>d lzlj/df /x]sf JolQmx?sf] >daf6 ;DkGg ePsf x'g . ;Djfbbftf bofaf6
le8Gtsf gfddf sndhLjLsf] xTof
lj/f6gu/÷ oxL efb| !# ut] lbp“;f] $ ah] hgfb]z ;fKtflxssf o'4
;Djfbbftf tyf d]rL–sf]zL If]qLo sfof{no k|sfzg ljefusf ;b:o ab|L v8\sf -s=bLk_
nfO{ df]/·sf] a/8·f uf=h=;=sf] sNof0fk'/af6 pQ/ cfdrf]slt/ ;fOsndf hf“b} ubf{
em'ls{of uf=h=;= j8f g+= & af6 zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] lu/Çtf/ u/L xTof u/]sf]
5 . k|ToIfbzL{ Ps lzIfssf cg';f/ s=ab|LnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnPkl5 zfxL cd]l/sL
;]gfsf hNnfbx?n] jxf“n] nufPsf] e]:6 km'sfP/ cf“vf af“wL lk6\b} uf8Ldf xfn]sf lyP . $÷% lsnf]ld6/ blIf0f a/8+uf
uf=h=;= j8f g+= ! sf] ;f]gfk'/ k'¥ofO s7f]/ oftgf lb+b} uf]klgotf vf]Ng bjfj lbPsf lyP . pQm 36gfnfO{ glhs}af6 lgofln/x]sf Ps ufp“n]n] eg]–æo:tf]
s7f]/ oftgf xfdLn] slxn] b]v]sf lyPgf}+, aGb'ssf] s'Gbfn] lxsf{P/ ;a} cg'xf/
eTsfOPsf] lyof], b'j} cf“vf lgsflnPsf] lyof], kl5 kf/Laf6 8f“sfsf] nf; NofPkl5
pgLx?n] s'6]/ df/]sf] nf; klg uf8Ldf xfn]/ nu] .Æ uf]klgotf vf]Ng lbOPsf] oftgf
tyf xTofnfO{ 9fs5f]k ug{ slyt le8Gtsf] xjfnf lb+b} k]:tf]n ;d]t a/fdb u/]sf]
;dfrf/ ljleGg ;+rf/ dfWodn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] . 36gfnfO{ dfgjclwsf/jfbL
;+:yf OG;]s / cfkmGthgn] ;d]t :ynut lg/LIf0f u/L lu/Çtf/kl5 xTof u/]sf] k'li6
ul/;s]sf 5g\ .
;+v'jf;ef
lhNnfsf] hnhnf uf=h=;=–& lrª\v'jf :yfoL 3/ x'g'ePsf s=bLk -ab|L v8\sf_ )%^
;fnaf6 g} kf6L{ ;Dks{df cfpg' ePsf] lyof] . ^ dlxgfsf] x'“bf a'afsf] ;d]t d[To'
/ kl/jf/sf]
ul/jLn] ubf{ pxf“n] afNosfn dfjnLdf latfpg' ePsf] lyof] . ;fg}b]lv ljb|f]xL
:jefjsf s=bLk cGofo, cTofrf/ / zf]if0fsf lj?4 dxfg\ hgo'4df ;fd]n x'“b} Ps
jif{b]lv d]rL–sf]zL If]qLo sfof{no k|sfzg ljefu / hgfb]z ;fKtflxssf] :yfgLo
;+jfbbftfsf] ?kdf sfo{/t x'g'x'GYof] . ab|L v8\sfnfO{ zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf]
xTof/f] u'6n] lu/Çtf/ u/L xTof u/]sf] ;dfrf/sf] k'li6 ub}{ If]qLo sfof{no
k|sfzg ljefusf k|d'v s=k'ikn] )^! efb| !% ut] Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
lj1lKtdf æo; ljefusf ;b:o tyf hgfb]z ;fKtflxssf ;Djfbbftf s=ab|L v8\sf h;n]
b'Zdgsf ;'Gb} d'6' sdfpg] s7f]/ oftgfnfO{ krfp“b} hgtf / cfGbf]ngk|lt b]vfpg'
ePsf] lgi7f, Tofu / ;dk{0fsf] pRr d"Nof°g ub}{ dxfg\ zxLb 3f]if0ff ub{5f}Æ
pNn]v 5 . lj1lKtsf] cGTodf–æslyt d'7e]8sf] gfddf eO/x]sf b]zJoflk cfd xTof;“u}
Pp6f sndhLjL lgz:q kqsf/sf] xTofsf] cWoog u/L jf:tljstf phfu/ ub}{ of] xTofsf]
lj?4 cfjfh p7fOlbg' x'g kqsf/,
a'l4hLjL, dfgjclwsf/jfbL, gful/s ;dfh nufot ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfo;“u cg'/f]w
ub{5f}+Æ elgPsf] 5 .
pQm 36gfnfO{ df]/ªsf] nfl/s§fdf n's]/ a;]sf sl/j bz hgfsf]
dfcf]jfbL ;d"xn] cfqmd0f u/]kl5 s]xLa]/ le8Gt ePsf] / le8Gtdf Ps dfcf]jfbL
dfl/Psf] /+u]nLl:yt ;'/Iffkmf}hnfO{ pNn]v ub}{ sflGtk'/ b}lgsn] )^! efb| !% ut]
Ps ;dfrf/ 5fk]sf] lyof] . lgz:q ?kdf /x]sf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf g]tf tyf
sfo{stf{, lzIfs, ljBfyL{, kqsf/ nufot ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ lu/Çtf/kl5
sfo/tfk"0f{ xTof u/]/ slyt le8Gtsf] xjfnf lbg' zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] nflu
s'g} gof“ / cgf}7f] ljifo xf]Og . t/ s]xL ;+rf/dfWodn] klg o;/L 36gfsf]
jf:tljstf ga'emL zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] e|dk"0f{ k|rf/nfO{ k|;f/0f ubf{
kLl8t kl/jf/, cfkmGtx? ddf{xt x'g'sf cnfjf :jo+ To:tf ;+:yfx?k|ltsf]
ljZj;gLotfdfly g} k|Zg lrGx v8f u/]sf] 5 .
lhNnfb|f]xLx?sf] gfd k|sflzt
ls/ft :jfoQ lhNnf hg;/sf/ Onfdn]
3f]if0ff u/]sf oL cleo'Qmx?n] cfkm"n] ub}{ cfPsf] k]zf Joj;fo 5f]8\g'
kg]{, ;DklQ lsga]r ug{ gkfOg] nufotsf zt{ ;d]t /flvPsf] yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 .
pgLx?sf s;'/ / ck/fwsf] k|f]kmfong} alg;s]sf] x'“bf x]g{ rfxg] hf] sf]xLnfO{
b]vfpg ;lsg] lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=tLy{n] hgljb|f]xnfO{ atfpg' eof] . pxf“sf cg';f/
uNtL / sdhf]/LnfO{ cfTdfnf]rgf ub}{ hgcbfntdf xflh/ eP/ cfufdL lbgdf uNtL
gbf]xf]¥ofpg] zt{df cGo gful/s ;/x Jojxf/ ;~rfng ug{ lbg] ;d]t atfpg' eof] . …s’
>]0fLdf /x]sf oL cleo'Qm afx]s klg cGo bh{gf}sf] gfd kf6L{df cfPsf] t/ tL
gfdx?df 5fgljg eO/x]sf] ;d]t ;]qm]6/L tLy{n] hgljb|f]xnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' eof]
. kf6L{ / lhNnf hg;/sf/sf] lg0f{onfO{ c:jLsf/ ul/Pdf h'g;'s} a]nf h:tf] ;'s}
sfjf{xL x'g ;Sg] s'/f ;d]t s=tLy{n] atfpg' eof] .
otf kf“ry/af6 k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
kf“ry/ lhNnf ;ldltn] efb| @# ut] ;b/d'sfd vfnL ug{ cfx\jfg u/]kl5 clwsf+z
;/sf/L sfof{nosf k|d'vx?, sd{rf/Lx? / hgtfx?n] wdfwd ;b/d'sfd 5f8]sf] ;dfrf/
k|fKt ePsf] 5 .
zfxL ;]gfåf/f lgbf]{ifsf] xTof
lkmlbd÷dxfg\ hgo'4sf] eLif0f k|Tofqmd0fsf]
r/0fdf cfh cfÇgf] ;Lldt 3]/fleq a:g afWo] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] htftt} hgbdg, xTof, lx+;f /
anfTsf/sf 36gfnfO{ tLj| agfPsf] 5 . )^!
>fj0f $ ut] kf“ry/sf] hf]/kf]v/L cl:yfoL j]; SofDkaf6 slyt o'lgkmfO8 sdf08
yk'{ k'Ubf cf]ofd–( lnlvof· lgjf;L !& / !% jifL{o lgbf]{if b'O{ hgf
bfh'efO{ 5q sfªjfª / ljgo sfªjfªnfO{
cfkm\gf] 3/]n' Jojxf/n] yk'{ ahf/ cfp“bfcfp“b} yk'{–$, vfGb|'Djfdf
cfOk'Ubf zfxL cft+ssf/L hTyfåf/f uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/Psf] lyof] . lghx? lgbf]{if
/ ckf· ePsf] :yfgLo dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+:yfx?n] ;d]t hgfO;s]sf 5g\ .
To:t} kf“ry/ /fgL6f/–! gfGb' vf]nfsf] 5]pdf af6f]sf]
glhs} g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ $ g+= Pl/ofn] Ps j]jfl/;] nfz e]6]sf] lyof] . zx/Lof
klx/gdf /x]sL cGbfhL !& jifL{of o'jtLsf] cg'xf/ glrlgg] l:yltdf km]nfk/]sf]
pQm nfz uf]nL xflgPsf] / sDd/b]lv d'lg;Dd 9'+ufsf] jfn nufO k'l/Psf], s]xL
;'gsf uxgf eg] gnluPsf] cj:yfdf lyof] . :yfgLo jf;Lsf cg';f/ zfxL cft+ssf/L
hTyfn] cl:dtf n'l6;s]kl5 cfÇgf] s's[To 9fs5f]k ug{ ;b/d'sfd SofDkaf6 pQm nfz
Toxf NofO kmflnPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . kf6L{ Pl/ofn] :yfgLo hgtfsf] ;xof]udf )^! efb|
! ut] pQm nfzsf] clGtd bfx;+:sf/ u/]sf] 5 .
emfkfdf hUuf vl/b laqmL 7Kk
rGb|u9L÷emfkfnL ;fdGtx?n]
hUufsf] vl/b laqmLdf sLt]{kf; ug]{ k|lqmof tLj| ePsf]n] ;f] lqmofsnfk aGb ug{sf
lglDt c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ emfkf lhNnf ;+of]hs xs{ v8\sfn] )^! efb| !# ut]
Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L zfxL ;Qfsf] slyt e"ld ;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno
cGt{utsf ;Dk"0f{ lqmofsnfk aGb u/L hUuf vl/b laqmL 7Kk agfpg cfd
hg;d'bfodf cfu|x ug'{ ePsf] 5 . d'n'sdf zfxL ;Qfn] rnfPsf] aa{/ h+unL xTof /
bdgsf] af/]df, emfkfdf ls;fgx?n] u/]sf P]ltxfl;s ls;fg cfGbf]ngx? / ltgnfO{ ;Qf
/ ltgsf bnfnx?åf/f ePsf bdg tyf wf]vfsf] af/]df ;fy} efjL lbgdf emfkfnL
ls;fgx?n] ug'{ kg]{ ;Demf}tfxLg ;+3if{sf] af/]df :ki6 qmflGtsf/L Pj+ j}1flgs
b[li6sf]0f ;lxt k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] s/ gltg{ dfq xf]Og zfxL ;Qfsf]
e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yf dGqfno cGt{ut hgtfsf] zf]if0f ug{], lwtf] kf; tyf
/flhgfdf kf; nufot hUuf vl/b laqmLsf ;Dk"0f{ lqmofsnfk aGb ug{ ;DjlGwt
;a}df lj1lKt dfkm{t cg'/f]w ul/Psf] 5 . emfkfnL ls;fgx?sf] pTyfgsf]] lglDt zfxL
;Qf / To;sf bnfnx?sf lj?4 ;Demf}tfxLg ;+3if{df Psh'6 eP/ pqg cfx\jfg ub}{
lj1lKtdf ;+of]hs v8\sfn] k|]lift ;"rgfsf]
a]jf:tf u/L pnª\3g u/]df lsGg] a]Rg] b'j} kIf s8f sfjf{xLsf] eflubf/ aGg' kg]{
r]tfjgL ;d]t lbg' ePsf] 5 .
emfkfaf6 k|fKt csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_n] lghL ljBfnodf lzIfssf 5f]/f5f]/L gk9fpg] zt{sf] pnª\3g ug]{{
lzIfsx?nfO{ r]tfjgL :j?k sfjf{xL u/]sf] 5 .
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf emfkf lhNnf cWoIf /d]z ;'j]bLn] atfPcg';f/ efb| !$
ut] emfkf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf pkfWoIf lji0f' k|wfg ;lxtsf] pkl:yltdf uf}/fbxsf]
;Ltfk'/Ll:yt df]tL lg=df=lj=sf lzIfsx? gf/fo0f sfsL{, z}n]Gb| b'nfn / uf]kfn
a/fnnfO{ ljBfno k|f·0fdf g} Ps ljz]if sfo{qmd u/L cf–cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/L lghL
ljBfonaf6 lgsfNg] / k'gM j]jf:tf u/] pRr :t/sf] sfjf{xL x'g] r]tfjgL ;lxt
5fl8lbPsf 5g\ . sfo{qmddf ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x?n] tfnL lk6]/ sfo{qmdsf] ;dy{g
u/]sf lyP . ;f]xL lbg emfkf rf/kfg]sf] r}t'af/Ll:yt k~r/Tg lg=df=lj=sf lzIfs
8Dj/ b]phf / df]xgdfof lg=df=lj=sf lzIfs ejfgL /fhj+zLnfO{ qmflGtsf/Lx?n] ;f]xL
zt{ pnª\3g u/]sf]df !% ut] a]n'sf;Dd sAhfdf lnO ;f]wk'5kl5 cf–cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/L
lghL ljBfnoaf6 lgsfNg] zt{df 5fl8lbPsf 5g\ . olb s'g} klg lzIfs / sd{rf/Lx?n]
km]l/ klg a]jf:tf u/L lghL ljBfnodf cfÇgf 5f]/f5f]/L k9fPdf pRr :t/sf] sfjf{xL
x'g] s'/f cWoIf ;'j]bLn] atfpg' eof] .
emfkfdf ljzfn hg;ef
rGb|u9L÷)^! efb| ( ut] a'wjf/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ emfkf
lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldlt cGt{ut ! g+= Pl/of ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf Ps v'Nnf hg;ef ;DkGg
ePsf] 5 . )%( >fj0f & ut] zfxL
;/sf/åf/f lu/Çtf/kl5 xTof ul/Psf dfcf]jfbL lgs6 a'l4hLjL ;+u7gsf tTsfsnLg
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, kqsf/, ;flxTosf/, Pj+ kf6L{ Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=b]js'df/ cfrfo{sf]
:d[ltdf cfof]lht v'Nnf hg;ef emfkfsf] ;b/d'sfd rGb|u9Laf6 @% lsnf]ld6/ blIf0f, ef/tsf] luNnfjf/Laf6 @ lsnf]ld6/
pQ/, kyl/of uf=h=;=sf] j8f g+=–$ l:yt
kyl/of df=lj=sf] k|fu0fdf ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ emfkf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s=sf}znn] hg;efnfO{ ;Djf]wg ub}{
cfkm\gf] kf6L{ clGtd ljb|f]xsf] n8fO{+ nl8/x]sfn] jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;fdGtL
b/jf/Lofx?nfO{ w'ln;ft kfl/ hgtfsf vf]l;Psf clwsf/ lkmtf{ lng
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_;“u Pstf ub}{ cl3 a9\g hg;d"bfonfO{ cfx\jfg ug'{ eof] .
dGtJos} qmddf pxf“n] k|r08 / afa'/fdnfO{ ;Qfdf k'¥ofpgsf nflu dfcf]jfbL
sfo{stf{n] aGb's af]s]sf] geO{ cfd zf]lift–kLl8t Gofok|]dL hgtfsf] vf]l;Psf
clwsf/ lkmtf{ lng aGb's p7fpg} kg]{ afWotf ePsf]n] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ b]z}el/
;f] k|lqmofdf nflu/x]sf] atfp“b} o;nfO{ ;kmn kfg{ jt{dfg k|ltlqmofjfbL
;/sf/nfO{ s'g} lsl;dsf] s/ gltg{ ;d]t hg;d'bfox?;“u cfu|x ug{' eof] . ;f]xL
qmddf hgtfn] :j]R5fn] lg8/tfk"j{s ;+ljwfg ;ef dfkm{t cfkm\gf] ;+ljwfg
cfkm} lgdf{0f ug{ kfpg' kg]{
s'/fdf hf]8 lb+b} k'/fgf] ;Qf ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg ug{ tof/ geP n8]/} o;nfO{
Wj:t ug]{ atfpg' eof] . g]kfnL hgtfsf] xs clwsf/x? s'lG7t ePsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf
sf+u|];, Pdfn] nufotsf kf6L{n] :ki6 gLlt sfo{qmdsf ;fy cufl8 cfpg g;s]sf] sf/0f
d'n's emgemg hl6ntf tkm{ ws]ln+b} uPsf] ;d]t dGtJosf] qmddf s=sf}znn] /fVg'
ePsf] lyof] .
;efnfO{ ;Djf]wg ub}{ sf]lrnf d'lQm
df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k"0f{l;+x /fhj+zLn] /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf] lglDt
hftLo cx+sf/jfb / hftLo ;+ls0f{tf sf]r ;d"bfosf gful/sn] klg TofUg' kg]{
atfp“b} ljutdf ;fdGtx?af6 vf]l;Psf sf]rx?sf clwsf/ / hUuf hdLgx? pgLx?af6
vf];]/} lkmtf{ lnO{ ;f] If]qsf >dhLjL, zf]lift–kLl8tnfO{ af“8\g] b[9tf JoQm
ug'{ eof] .
sfo{qmdsf csf{ jQmf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ Ps g+= Pl/of ;]qm]6/L
s=lbg]zn] zflGtk|ltsf] g]kfnL hgtf / dfcf]jfbLsf] rfxgfnfO{ zfxL ;/sf/n] unt
k|rf/ u/]sf] cf/f]k nufp“b} cfd zf]lift–kLl8t g]kfnL hgtfsf ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg
geP;Dd bLuf] zflGt k|lqmof jxfnL gx'g] s'/f atfpg' eof] . s=lbg]zn] b'Zdgx?nfO{
zx/ / ;b/d'sfddf s}b ug{ ufpFufp“af6 p7\g' kg]{ ;d]t atfpg' ePsf] lyof] .
c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ emfkf lhNnf ;+of]hs
xs{ v8sf, c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ ! g+= Pl/of cWoIf ;l/tf cf]nL, blnt
d'lQm df]rf{ emfkf lhNnf ;+of]hs ;'/]z lj=s=, lzIfs k|ltlglw Zofd ;Gyfn, ;Gyfn
k|ltlglw df]xg 6'8' ;d]tn] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Djf]wg ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
sf]lrnf d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
ch'{g /fhj+zLsf] ;efkltTj / c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ emfkf lhNnf cWoIf nIdL
Gof}kfg]sf] ;+rfngdf ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf pkl:yt cltly Pj+ hg;d'bfonfO{
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ ! g+= Pl/of ;b:o s=;]jgn] :jfut dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .
emfkfaf6} csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ P]ltxfl;s
e"ld ;'vfgL / ;]tLkfgLsf] gfdaf6 >fj0f @% ut] ‘;'vfgL–;]tLkfgL
;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf] u7g ePsf] 5 . s=lxSdtsf] cWoIftfdf u7g ePsf] pQm ;f“:s[lts
kl/jf/sf] pkfWoIfdf s=ljgf]b, ;lrjdf s=l;4fy{, ;x–;lrjdf s=sdnf / sf]iffWoIfdf
s=ljqmfGt /xg' ePsf] 5 . :d/0f /xf];\ ;'vfgLdf /fdgfy bfxfn nufotsf % hgfnfO{
k~rfotL ;Qfn] xTof u/]sf] lyof] eg] ;]tLkfgLdf 5jLnfn cfrfo{ -s=c0f'_ /
b]js'df/ cfrfo{ -s=ljho_, s=vu]Gb| b+ufnnfO{ lu/Çtf/ u/L xTof u/]sf] lyof] .
‘;'vfgL–;]tLkfgL ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/km\n] >fj0f @% ut]b]lv efb| !) ut];Dd lzlj/
;~rfng u/]sf] lyof] . lzlj/sf] clGtd lbg Ps g+= Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s=lbg]zsf] k|d'v
cfltYodf s=lxSdt / s=uf}/L, s=;]jg / s=ul/df aLr hgjfbL ljjfx ;DkGg ePsf] lyof]
.
lx/f;tdf g} xTof
lkmlbd÷lgz:q ?kdf /x]sf
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf sfo{stf{x? / ;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnL hgtfsf] xTof u/]/ slyt
d'8e]8sf] xjfnf lbg] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] tl/sf s'g} gofF / cgf}7f] xf]Og . t/
clxn] of] u'6n] r/d oftfgf lbP/ lx/f;tdf g} dfg]{ / cfTdxTof u/]sf] eGg] em'7f]
/ e|fds ;dfrf/ lbg yfn]sf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ lkmlbdjf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ h]i7
& ut] l;lbg uf=h=; l:yt cfkm\g} 3/af6 lu/km\tf/ ePsf ufpF hg;/sf/ k|d'v
ab|L /fgfdu/nfO{ zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] lx/f;tdf /fv]sf] lyof] . ;dfrf/ >f]tsf
cg';f/ /fgfnfO{ lx/f;tleq r/d oftgf lbOPsf] lyof] . oftgf cjlwdf k6s k6s a]xf];
ePsf /fgfnfO{ b'O{ lbgdf Ps k6s ;f“emdf Ps
lunf; dfq vfg lbg] u/]sf] ;d]t ;|f]tn] atfPsf] 5 . oftgf / vfg gkfP/
56k6fO/x]sf /fgfdu/sf] eb|f} ( ut] d[To' ePsf] ;d]t >f]tn] v'nfof] . cfttfoL
oftgfsf sf/0f d[To' ePsf /fgfdu/nfO{ zfxL cd]l/sg ;]gfsf] pRr u'6n] cfkm\gf]
nfh 9fSg cfTdfxTofsf] xjfnf lb+b} slyt kf]idf6{d u/L hj{h:tL sfuh u/fPsf] 5f]/f
z'qmaxfb'/nfO{ p4[t ub{} xfd|f ;Djfbbftfn] hgfPsf 5g . :d/0f /xf];\ /fgfdu/sf
5f]/f z'qmaxfb'/ k6s–k6s e]6g hfbf klg pgnfO{ e]6g lbOPsf] lyPg .
o;}ul/ kfry/df g} @)^) kmfu'g @! ut]
zfxL cd]/LsL ;]gfn] hos'df/ of]ª\ofnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L lx/f;t leq r/d oftgf lbP/
@)^) >fj0f @% ut] xTof u/]sf] lyof] . o;/L g]=s=df -dfcf]jfbL_ sf
sfo{stf{x?nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L lx/f;t leq} xTof ug]{ / cfTdxTofsf] xjnf lbg] zfxL
cd]/LsL ;]gfsf] gLlt k|lt uf“pn]x? cfqmf]lift ePsf 5g . pgLx?n] 36gfsf] plrt
5gljg x'g' kg]{ ;d]t hgfPsf 5g .
j]lNhoddf ;+ljwfg ;ef jf/] cGt/s[of
Æg]kfnsf] jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6sf]
;dfwfg M ;+ljwfg ;efÆ ljifodf j]lNhod l:yt g]kfnLx?sf] ;+u7g g]kfnL hgk|ultzLn
d~r, j]lNhodn] @( cui6 @))$ df j]lNhodsf] ljleGg zx/jf6 cfPsf g]kfnLx?sf]
pNn]gLo pkl:yltdf j]lNhodsf] PG6j]k]{g zx/df eJotfsf ;fy cGt/s[of sfo{qmd ;DkGg
u/]sf] 5 . . k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngdf k|f0f cfx'lt ug'{ePsf dxfg 1ft c1ft zlxbx?
Kf|lt efjk"0f{ >4f~hnL ;lxt z'? ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdsf] cWoIftf
g]=h=k|=d=sf cWoIf ;'/]Gb| e';fnn] ug{' ePsf] lyof] eg] sfo{qmd ;+rfng d~rsf
dxf;lrj s[i0f ltjf/Ln] ug{' ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf g]kfnL hgk|ultzLn d~rsf] tkm{af6 /fdjxfb'/
u'?¨n] sfo{kq k|:t't ug{'ePsf] lyof] . k|:t't sfo{kqn] g]kfnL /fhgLltsf]
s]Gb|df d'ntM gof+ / k'/fgf], qmflGt / k|ltqmflGt tyf cu|ufdL / k|ltufdL aLr
rln/x]sf] ;+3if{ / g]=s=kf=dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tjdf dxfg hgo'4n] k'/fgf]
k|lts[ofjfbL ;fdGtL /fHo;Qfsf lj?4 sfod u/]sf] /fhg}lts tyf ;}Go zlQm ;Gt'ngsf]
w/ftnLo oyfy{df hgtfnfO{ cfkmgf] efUosf] km};nf p;}nfO{ ug{ lbg] ;j{dfGo ljlw
;+ljwfg;ef jt{dfg g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu pko'Qm dfWod x'g]5 elg
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
pQm sfo{kqmdf pkl:yt ljleGg JolQmx?n] ;s/fTds
l6Kk0fL u/]sf lyP . g]kfnL hghflt ;/f]sf/ d~r, o'/f]ksf k|ltlglw udjxfb'/
u'?¨n] hghflt ;DjlGw ;d:of nufot ;Dk"0f{ ;d:ofsf] xn ug{ clxn]sf] l:yltdf
;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfjg} pko'Qm xf] eGg'eof] . sfo{kqdf pNn]lvt g]kfnsf]
PsLs/0fsf] ;dob]lv g]kfnL ;dfhdf /x]sf] juL{o, eflifs, hftLo, wfld{s, n}+lus,
tyf If]qLo c;dfgtfsf sf/0f plJhPsf ;d:ofsf ;fy} g]kfndfly ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb /
cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbL x:tIf]kaf6 g]kfnL hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] nflu
g]=s=kf=dfcf]jfbLsf] g]t[Tjdf nl8/x]sf] hgtfsf] dxfg hgo'4af6 dfq ;Dej 5 eGg]
ljZn]if0fdf pkl:yt g]kfnLx?n] k"0f{;xdlt hgfPsf] lyof] . pQm cGt/s[of
sfo{qmddf g]kfnsf] jt{dfg /fhg}lts ;+s6sf] ;dfwfg ug{ t'?Gt ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
r'gfj ul/of];\ eGg] d"n dfu ;lxt g]=s=kf=dfcf]jfbLdflysf] cft+ssf/L
3f]if0ff lkmtf{ u/\, slyt zfxL ;]gfsf] /fHo cft+s jGb u/\, a]kQf kfl/Psf
gful/sx?nfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/L cljnDj l/xf u/\ tyf dfgj clwsf/sf] k"0f{jxfnL
u/\ ;lxtsf] dfu /fvL j]lNhodl:yt g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf; dfkm{t g]kfnsf] jt{dfg
k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkg kq lbgsf] nfuL g]kfnLx?sf] x:tfIf/ ;+sng ;d]t z'? ul/Psf] 5
.