;:d/0f÷cg'e"lt
;+:d/0f
zxLb s=gd"gf -zflGt
k/fh'nL_ nfn ;nfd
zxLb
ho/fd k/fh'nL
dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] phf{zLn j}rfl/s xltof/sf] cfwf/df ;j{xf/f juL{o
kIfw/tfnfO{ cª\ufNb} lg/Gt/ qmflGtsf] k|lqmofdf nfdj4 x'g] hf] sf]xLn] klg hLjg
/ d[To'sf] kl/efiffnfO{ /fd|f];“u a'em]sf] x'G5 . hLjgdf d[To' / d[To'df
hLjgnfO{ cGoGt} kf/bzL{ 9ª\un] b]v]sf] x'G5 . ToxL d[To' / hLjgsf] af/]df :ki6
ePsf dfG5]x?n] dfq cfºgf] Pp6f hLjg qmflGtsf] dxf;“u/df x]Ng] u5{g . d'lQm /
d[To'sf] ;ky vfP/ æsDo'lgi6x?sf nflu lhTgsf nflu ;f/f ljZjÆ of] ;TotfnfO{ bx|f]
;fy kS8g vlKk; Oltxf; lgdf{0fsf ;h{sx? qmflGtsf] lg/Gt/ dfu{df hfg /lQe/
lxlRsrfp“b}gg . cflv/ cGttM dxfg\ /ftf / dfu{lgb]{zs JolQmTjx? ltg} aGg]
ub{5g\ h;n] d[To' krfpg ;S5g . dxfg\ hgo'4sf] ofqfdf Oltxf;sf kfgfdf cfºgf] gfd
/utn] n]vfpg] dxfg\ dfG5]x? cfh em08} bzxhf/ k'u]sf 5g\ . ltg} dfG5] dWo]
d[To';“u} h'Wg ;Sg] dWo] Ps x'g' x'GYof] s=gd"gf -zflGt k/fh'nL_ .
;fdGtL kmf;LjfbL j'h'{jfx?sf] ;~rf/dfWodaf6 d}n] Pp6f va/ ;'G5' / cgfof;}
d 6Ss cl8G5' . j'h'{jfx?sf] em'6 / e|dsf] v]tL u/]/ vfg] ;a}eGbf e/kbf]{
ef“8f] /]l8of] g]kfn slQ klg lsl~rt geO{ dxfg\ dfG5]sf d[To'sf] 3l6of k|rf/
u5{ …bf]xf]/f] d'7e]8df af/fdf % cft+ssf/Lsf] d[To' ;s]6ad, b:tfj]h cflb a/fdb
.Ú p eGb} hfG5 …zflGt k/fh'nL -s=gd"gf_, pld{nf clwsf/L -s=;dLIff_, l6sf
g]kfn, qmdzM .Ú ;fob p;n] jfrg ug]{ z}nL lxhf]sf] eGbf ljNs'n ljsf; ePsf] 5
s'–k|rf/ ug{ . o;/L @)^! j}zfv !& ut] gd"gf -zflGt k/fh'nL_ sf]
xTofsf] va/n] dnfO{ ddf{xt agfp5 . x'g t To; 7fp“df xTof ul/Psf cGo sd/]8x?
klg x'g'x'G5 dnfO{ pxf“x?sf] xTofn] b'vLt, lrlGtt / ddf{xt gjgfPsf] kSs} xf]Og
. pxf“x? ;a};“u d]/f] qmflGts} sfdsf] ofqfdf e]63f6 ePsf] lyof] / xfdL /fd|}
kl/lrt lyof}+ km]l/ xfdL Pp6} ofqfdf cGt;Dd lx8\g] dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] ;ky
vfP/ lx8]sf lyof}+ . To:tf dxfg\ df]G5]sf] zxfbtn] dnfO{ qmflGtdf Psntfsf] dxz';
gePsf] eg] xf]Og . t/ gd"gf -zflGt k/fh'nL_ ;“u} d Jofjfl/s ?kdf qmflGtsf]
ofqfdf dfq} x}g kfl/jfl/s ?kdf klg glhs lyP“ . pxf“ d]/f] cfb/0fLo efph' x'g'
x'GYof] . efjgfTds ?kn] x]bf{ xfd|f] aLrsf] ;fOgf] Tof] lyof] eg] j}rfl/s ?kdf
xfdL juL{otfdf cfwfl/t eP/ sfd ul//x]sf lyof}+ . qmflGt Pp6f hLjg xf], oxf“
slxn] sf“xL s'g} a]nf ;fdfGo /f]u nfUg] ub{5 t slxn] vt/fgfs /f]u nfUb5 .
To;sf] nflu pkrf/ ug]{ 8fS6/n] ;xL ljrf/, ljj]s / s'zn g]t[Tjsf] dfWodaf6
qmflGtsf] hLjgdf nfUg] /f]usf] pkrf/ ug{' kg]{ x'G5 . To;}n] pxf“ s=gd"gf
klg cfºgf] hLjgsf] dfWodaf6 a]nfa]nfdf ljleGg k|s[ltsf /f]u;“u h'Wb} cfpg'
ePsf] lyof] . ;fob pxf“sf] hLjgdf ;fgf 7"nf /f]un] cfqmd0f ug{ vf]lh/xGy]
. t/ klg pxf“ /lQe/ ljrlnt x'g' x'GgYof] . qmflGtdf k|ToIf ;l/s gx'“bfsf]
cjlw;Dd pxf“ cfkm"n] hfg]sf a'em]sf s'/fx? ;a}sf ;fd' /fVg ?rfpg' x'GYof]
. ;fob hLjgdf pxf“n] cGofo slxNo} klg ;xg' ePg . pxf“ @,@ k6s;Dd b'Zdgsf]
sJhfdf kg'{ eof] / h]n hLjg Jolyt ug'{ eof] . Tof] cjlwdf pxf“nfO{ unfP/
cfTd;dk{0f u/fpg slt sf]lz; u/] slt oftgf lbP g/eIfL /fIfzx?n] t/ d[To'df ;bfaxf/
hLjg b]Vg] ;fx;L qmflGtsf/Lx?n] slxn] kf] b'Zdg ;fd' e'mSg hfg]sf] x'G5 / <
;fob o; ljifodf pxf“ Pp6f pbfx/0fLo g} aGg' ePsf] 5 .
lg/Gt/
b'Zdgsf] bdgsf sf/0f pxf“ k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{sf ?kdf qmflGtdf ;fd]n x'g'
x'G5 . cToGt} c:tJo:ttfsf] sf/0f d}n] Tolt a]nf eg]sf] lyP“ æefph' :jf:Yo
l:ylt w]/} sdhf]/ 5 .Æ pxf“ eGg' x'GYof] æafa' ;aeGbf 7"nf] s'/f] t
ljrf/ /x]5 olb ;xL ljrf/nfO{ ;xL 9ª\un] cfTd;ft
u/]/ b[9tfk"j{s cufl8 a9]sf] v08df d]/f] :jf:Yo l:yltn] dnfO{ o'4
n8\g s'g} ;d:of kg]{ 5}g . qmflGtdf d]/f] ;d:of w]/} Go'g xf]nf h:tf] dnfO{ nfU5
. qmflGtsf/Lx?n] Hjf/ef6f;“u v]Ng ;fx; ug'{ kb{5 .Æ a? cWoIf s=k|r08 eGg' eP
em}+– æcfkm" hNg ;S5' ls ;SbLg eGg] 7"nf] lrGtf 5 .Æ xf] pxf“ af/Daf/
oL zAbx?sf] jiff{t ug'{ x'GYof] . pxf“ h:tf];'s} cK7\of/f] cfOkbf{ klg lg/fz
dgl:yltdf eg] slxn] b]vfkg'{ x'Gy]g . ;fRr} qmflGtsf/L w}o{tf, ;fx;, b[9tf /
cfzfjfb eg] pxf“df kSs} lyof] . xfd|f] a]nfa]nfdf ePsf e]63f6df xfdL ;fdfGo ;~rf]
lj;~rf]sf] s'/f u/] klg c? ;do qmflGt ofqfdf a6'n]sf cg'ej, qmflGtsf] ljsf;,
lj:tf/ / ef]nL ePsf] ljhosf] ;fydf cfOkg]{ r'gf}ltsf] ;d]t d'sfljnf ug'{ kg]{
xfd|f] st{Jo cflbaf/] ljrf/ cfbfg k|bfg ub{Yof}+ . e]6df pxf“ eGg' x'GYof]–
æc;xh / cK7\of/f] kl/l:ylt;“u d'sfljnf ub]{ cufl8 a9g' qmflGtsf] cfwf/e"t
lgod /x]5 .Æ ;fRr} xf] Hjf/ef6fsf] lj?4 hfg' qmflGtsf] lgod xf] . Tof] ;fx; ;a}n]
ug'{ k5{ . ;w}e/L uDeL/ h:tf] b]lvPsf] efg x'GYof] dnfO{ s=gd"gfnfO{ b]Vbf
. d ;f]Wg] ub{y] æefph' lsg a9L lrlGtt, uDeL/ h:tf] b]lvg' x'G5 gLÆ pxf“sf]
5f]6f] hjfkm lbg' x'GYof] ædnfO{ oxL s'/fsf] lrGtf 5 sL d}n] qmflGtn]
cfkm"nfO{ lhDdf lbPsf] sfd k"/f ug{ ;S5' sL
;lSbg / qmflGtsf] ultnfO{ r'Dg ;S5' sL ;lSbg, af/Daf/ log} s'/fdf lrlGtt
x'g] ub{5' / lrlGtt dfq} x}g lrGtg dgg klg ul//xG5' .Æ sfdsf] bf}/fgdf d cGoq}
uPsf] a]nf @)^) kmfu'g ! ut] cToGt} 5f]6f] ;do lyof] d]/f] nflu Tof] t/ clt
5f]6f] ;dosf] aLrdf klg xfdLn] qmflGtsf w]/} s'/f u¥of}+ ;bfem}+ ;~rf]
lj;~rf]sf] af/]df klg ;f]w]+ . 5f]6f] ;dosf] cGt/fndf d w]/} s'/f ;s]/ csf]{ lbg
k'g e]6\g] / s'/fsfgL ug]{ of]hgf cg';f/ d 5'6]+ . pxf“x? cfºgf] sfddf nfUg'
eof] . d km]l/ csf]{lbg bfO{ / efph'nfO{ e]6\g] p2]ngfsf ;fy pxf“x?sf]
k|ltIFfdf a;]+ . ckm;f]r, pxf“x?sf] l56\6} kmsg'{ kg]{ ePsf] sf/0f e]6 x'g ;s]g
. pxf“x? hfg] a]nfdf dnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg klg Eofpg' ePg 5 . csf]{ k6s
pxf“x?n] sfd ug]{ If]qdf uP/ e]63f6 u/f}+nf eGg] ;f]+r agfP/ d cljrlnt ?kdf cfºgf]
sfddf nfu]+ . To;kl5 lbgx? tLa| a]un] ultdf cufl8 a9\b} uP, d klg ToxL ult;“u
;“u} kl5 nfu]+ . d}n] cufl8 g} pNn]v ul/;s]+, @)^! a}zfv !& ut] d]/f] cfb/0fLo
efph' gd"gfsf] lgd{dtfk"j{s ul/Psf] xTofsf] va/, ljutnfO{ klxn]
ufp“b]lv g} ;“u} sfd u/]sf], ptf s=gd"gf efph'n] cleJoQm ul/Psf s'/f
clg a]nfa]nfdf pxf“ ;“u d]/f] e]6 eP/ ul/Psf qmflGtsf ljhosf s'/f / clGtddf
)^) kmfu'g ! ut] Pslbg d]/f] k'gM csf]{ lbg e]6\g] arg j4tf d]/f] :d/0f zlQmn]
EofP;Ddsf ;a}s'/f ;lDemg k'U5' . clg d Psf Ps efjljAXn h:t} b]lvG5' . d]/f]
cf“vfaf6 /f]Sbf /f]Sb} cf“z' vl;xfN5 . 7"nf] kfgL k/]/ h:tfsf] 5fgfaf6
kfgL 3/sf] ljQfdf gk/L a/// an];Ldf v;] em}+ u/L d]/f] cf“vfaf6 cf“z' ufnfdf
gauL e"O{df v;]sf] efg x'G5 dnfO{ . d/f] cj:yf cln aflx/ uof] sL h:tf] nfU5
. clg d ;lDemG5' xfdL qmflGtsf/Lx?nfO{ 36gfqmdx?n] lrlGtt agfp“5 t/ xfdLn]
lrGtg dgg\ ug{ klg lj;{g' x'“b}g . km]l/ Pp6f qmflGtsf/L efjgfdf aUg' x'“b}g
t/ klg slxn] sf“xL efjgfsf] ;“u/n] x'TofP/ ;d'Gb|df ufl8lbg vf]Hbf] /x]5 .
To; ljifodf d lgs} uDeL/ / ;r]t lyP, Pp6f qmflGtsf/Lsf] x}l;otnfO{ lj;{g d ;Sb}gy]
. htftt} sfnf] afbnn] 9fs]sf] efg x'GYof] Tolt a]nf dnfO{ . >4]o cWoIf
s=k|r08n] eGg' ePem}+ æxfdL qmflGtsf/Lx? ?“bf?“b} xf“;]sf 5f}+ xf“:bf
xf“:b} /f]Psf 5f}+ .Æ of] dxŒjk"0f{ egfOnfO{ b[9tfk"j{s cfTd;ft ub}{
ljrf/sf] prfO{af6 hgo'4sf] dxf;“u/df Hjf/ef6fsf] lj?4 hf“bf pRr d[To'j/0f ug]{
jL/ ;fx;L n8fs' Pj+ ax'k|ltefzfnL dxfg\ ;lxb s=;'/]z jfUn], s=l/taxfb'/ v8\sf,
s[i0f;]g OR5's, s=ljKnj, s=gd"gf nufot bz xhf/ eGbf a9L zxLbx?sf] lrq d]/f]
lbn lndfudf rfn' cj:yfdf /x]sf] Sof;]6sf] l/n h:t}u/L 3'ld/x]sf] lyof] . ;fydf
pxf“x?sf] /utnfO{ ;'Sg glbO{ pxf“x?sf] ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg]{ lhDd]jf/L ylkPsf]
efg x'GYof] . /, d}n] zf]snfO{ b[9tfk"j{s zlQmdf abNb} b'Zdgk|ltsf]
3[0ffnfO{ tLa| agfpg' afx]s csf]{ ljsNk lyPg . Tolt a]n} dnfO{ s=dfcf]sf] Pp6f
egfO{sf] :d/0f x'G5 æolb ltdL ;+;f/ abNg rfxG5f} eg], ltldn] oftgfsf x/]s
b:tfj]hx?df x:tfIf/ ug]{ cf“6 / ;fx; ug{ kb{5 rfx] ltd|f] efudf d[To' lsg gk/f];\
.Æ
Oltxf;df log} dfG5] dxfg\ aGbf /x]5g\ h;n] oftgfsf ;a} b:tfj]hdf x:tfIf/
ug{ ;S5g\ / cfOk/]sf] d[To'nfO{ ;xif{ krfp5g\ . km]l/ Oltxf;n] klg ltg} JolQmnfO{
dxfgtfsf] lhDd]jf/L lbG5, cflv/ pgLx? ef}lts ?kdf d/]/ klg j}rfl/s ?kdf af“rL
/xG5g\ . ltg} dfG5] dWo] Ps s=gd"gf -zflGt k/fh'nL_ cfh xfd|f] ;fydf
x'g'x'Gg . a;Gtsflng ju}rfdf km'n]sf ;'ulGwt km"nx?nfO{ zfxL cd]l/sg ;]gfn]
r'8fln;s]sf 5g\, ca d]/f] ef}lts e]6 slxNo} x'g] 5}g tkfO{+;“u cfb/0fLo efph'
gd"gf -zflGt k/fh'nL_ t/ j}rfl/s ?kdf d ;“u} /xg]5' ;“u–;“u}
e]6\g]5' . cfh tkfO{+n] Oltxf;df /ftf cIf/n] cfºgf] gfd n]vfp“b} tkfO{+n] ;Dxfn]sf
lhDd]jf/Lx? xfd|f] sf“wdf 5f8]/ hfg' ePsf] 5 . ca tkfO{+sf cw"/f sfdx?nfO{
xfdL af“8]/ k"/f ug]{ 5f}+ . xfdLnfO{ ca dfq Pp6f lrGtf 5 tkfO{+x? h:tf
dxfg\ dfG5]n] 5f8]/ uPsf] ;kgfnfO{ k"/f ug]{ / qmflGtnfO{ ljhoL agfpg] .
csf]{ s'/f tkfO{+sf] h:t} pRr d/0f dg]{ dxfg\ clenfiff ;lxt hLjgdf tkfO{+sf]
gfddf dxfg\ zxLb eg]/ d'¶L p7fO/x]sf] 5' . cfb/0fLo efph' gd"gf nfn ;nfd,
>4f;'dg .
-zxLb ho/fd k/fh'nL
-/l;s_n] of] :d/0f cfkm"n] zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ cufj} n]Vg' ePsf] xf] ._