cGo ;dfrf/x?
e]g]h'Pnfsf /fi6«klt x\o"df]
zfj]h kml/ofhn] cd]l/sL ;/sf/n] pgsf] xTofsf] of]hgf agfO/x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . ef/t
ofqfsf qmddf Ps kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pgn] of] s'/f atfPsf x'g\ . pgn] n}l6g cd]l/sfdf
c/fhstfsf nflu cd]l/sf bf]ifL /x]sf] klg cf/f]k nufP . oxf“ :d/0fLo 5, s]xL
lbg klxn] cd]l/sL k//fi6« dGqL sf]+8flnhf /fO;n] pgnfO{ n}l6g cd]l/sfsf] Ps gsf/fTds
zlQm eg]sL lyOg .
ef/tdf rln/x]sf] dfcf]jfbL
cfGbf]ngsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ef/tsf u[xdGqL lzj/fh kfl6nn] l5§} g} blIf0f /fHox?sf]
Ps a}7s af]nfpg] tof/L u/]sf] s'/f ef/tLo ldl8ofx?n] hgfPsf 5g\ . of] s'/f
u[xdGqL;“u e]6\g uPsf sgf{6s ;/sf/sf k|ltlglw d08nnfO{ atfPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
o;}aLr cflbnfjfb lhNnfsf] s'sf8]d ufp“df kmfu'g @@ ut] cfGw| k|b]z /fHo
;8s kl/jxg lgudsf] Ps a;nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] cfuf] nufOlbPsf] yfxf ePsf] 5 .
cflbnfjfb / sl/d gu/ lhNnfdf cfºgf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ k|x/Ln] xTof u/]sf] lj/f]wdf
of] sfjf{xL u/]sf] cfz+sf kqklqsfx?n] u/]sf 5g\ .
?;df sDo'lg:6 zf;gk|lt
nf]slk|otf a9\of]
?;åf/f gfhL hd{gLsf] ljhosf] ^)
jif{ k"/f x'g nfu]sf] cj;/ kf/]/ cn ?;L klAns cf]klgog l/;r{ ;]G6/ gfds ;+:yfn]
u/]sf] ;j{]If0fdf ?;sf ax';+Vos hgtfn] b]zsf] ljsf;df :6flngn] dxŒjk"0f{
e"ldsf lgefPsf] :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . :6flngsf] d[To'kl5 /fHon] :6flngsf] af/]df
em'7f] nf~5gf v8f u/]/ abgfd ubf{ klg clwsf+z ?;L hgtfdf cem} :6flngsfk|lt ;Ddfg
b]lvg'n] ;fd|fHojfbL / ;+zf]wgjfbLx?sf] lglDt 7"nf] 6fpsf] b'vfOsf] ljifo
ag]sf] 5 .
?;L hgtf clxn] lgz'Ns ldNg] ;'ljwfx?nfO{ k};f lng] ;/sf/sf] gLltsf] hd]/
lj/f]w ul//x]sf 5g\ . k'/fgf k]G;gef]lux? s]xL ;do klxn] ;/sf/sf] xfnsf] gLltsf]
lj/f]wdf ;8sdf plqPsf lyP . ?;L ;fdflhs ;fd|fHojfbL ;Qfn] /fHosf] ;'wf/sf] gfddf
;fdflhs ;'/Iff 9f“rfnfO{ tx;–gx; kfl//x]sf] 5 . jiff{}+b]lv hgtfnfO{ lgMz'Ns
ldNb} cfPsf] cfjf;Lo ;lA;8L ;d]t kfgL / Uof;sf] clwsf/af6 ut Ps dfr{b]lv al~rt
u/]/ dx¨f] d"No lt/]/ tL j:t' vl/b ug{ afWo kfl/Psf] 5 .
Pdfn]sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn]
emngfy vgfnnfO{ sfo{sfl/0fL dxf;lrjdf rog u/]sf] 5 . Pdfn]sf dxf;lrj dfwj g]kfn
df3 !( ut]b]lv gh/aGbdf /flvPsfn] pxf“sf] 7fp“df vgfnnfO{ NofOPsf] xf] .
Pdfn]df g]t[Tj kl/jt{g eP klg gLltdf kl/jt{g eg] ul/Psf] 5}g . sfo{sf/L dxf;lrj
ag]kl5 emngfy vgfnn] k|ltlqmof lb+b} eGg'ePsf] lyof]– ædfcf]jfbL;“u tTsfn
sfo{ut Pstf ug{] ;Defjgf d b]lVbg .Æ o;n] Pdfn] cem} b/af/;“u ;DaGw ljR5]b
ug]{:t/sf] n8fO ug{ rfxb}g eGg] ;+s]t ub{5 .
sf7df8f}+÷hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf of]4fx?n] oxL kmfu'g @@ ut]
c3f{vf“rLsf] ;b/d'sfd ;lGwvs{nfO{ cfºgf] sAhfdf lnPsf 5g\ . ;f] qmddf lhNnf
k|zf;g sfof{no, lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, dfnkf]t sfof{no, x'nfs sfof{no, lhlj;
sfof{no, e"–;+/If0f sfof{no;lxt Ps bh{g sfof{nox? sAhf u/L Wj:t kfl/Psf
5g\ .
c3f{vf“rLaf6 hgfb]z ;+jfbbftfn] k7fPsf] ;dfrf/df hgfOPcg';f/ ;b/d'sfddf
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf Ps bh{g sfof{nox? Wj:t agfPkl5 hgd'lQm ;]gfn] @ 306f;Dd ;b/d'sfddf
lgoGq0f sfod u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] qmddf hgof]4fn] zfxL ;]gfdfly cfqmd0f u/L Jof/]sd}
s}b ul/Psf] lyof] . hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] cfqmd0fdf k/L s]xL zfxL ;]gfsf] d[To' ePsf]
5 .
s}nfnL
eL8Gtsf] hgd'lQm ;]gf4f/f lhDd]jf/L lnOof]
sf7df8f}+÷hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn, ln:g]
ufd t];|f] lj|u]8sf sld;f/ hLjg / sdf08/ ;+hon] oxL kmfu'g !( ut] Ps jQmJo hf/L
ub}{ xfn} s}nfnLdf ePsf eL8Gtx?df ePsf pknlAw / Ifltx?af/] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf]
5 . pxf“x?n] hf/L u/]sf] jQmJo o;k|sf/ 5–
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf of]4fx? /
k'/fgf] ;fdGtL ;Qfsf zfxL hNnfbx?aLr xfn} s}nfnLsf ljleGg efux?df ePsf eL8Gtaf/]
hfgsf/L u/fpg of] jQmJo hf/L ul/Psf] 5 . kl5Nnf] k6s oxL kmfu'g !& ut] lbp;f]
b'uf}{nLdf ePsf] eL8Gtdf ( hgf zfxL ;]gfsf] d[To' x'gfsf] ;fy} @% hgf 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ . ;f] eL8Gtdf zfxL ;]gfsf] Ps yfg :gfOk/ /fOkmn, Ps xhf/ /fp08 uf]nL;lxtsf
o'4 ;fdu|Lx? sAhf ul/Psf] 5 . pQm eL8Gtsf] qmddf xfd|F] tkm{ # hgf hgof]4fx?n]
pRr zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
o;cl3 kmfu'g !% ut] j8}k'/df ePsf] eL8Gtdf !$ hgf zfxL ;]gfsf] d[To' ePsf]
5 eg] @ yfg Pd !^, @* yfg emf]nf / xhf/f} /fp08 uf]nL sAhf ePsf] 5 . To:t}
kmfu'g !$ ut] lnDsf If]qdf ePsf] eL8Gtdf !& zfxL ;]gfsf] d[To' x'gfsf ;fy}
bh{gf}+ ;Vt 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . pQm eL8Gtsf] qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gfn] Ps yfg Pd !^ /fOkmn,
! yfg P;Pncf/, !* yfg emf]nfx?, & xhf/ yfg uf]nL;lxt o'4;fdu|L sAhf u/]sf] 5
. pQm eL8Gtdf hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{ sDkgL sdf08/ k|an;lxt cGo of]4fx? bLks, k|zfGt, /Gh]n,
cgd / wtL{n] pRr zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L oxL kmfu'g !# ut] s}nfnLsf]
x;'lnofdf hgof]4fx?sf] cfqmd0fdf k/L @ hgf zfxL ;]gfsf hNnfbx? ;Vt 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ .
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn, ln:g] ufd t];|f] lj|u]8 sfof{no oL sfjf{xLx? ;kmn kfg]{
qmddf pRr zxfbt k|fKt ug'{x'g] of]4fx?df xflb{s >4fGhnL JoQm ub}{ zf]s ;GtKt
kl/jf/hgx?df ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5 . ;fy} sfjf{xLdf ;+nUg jL/ of]4fx?df wGojfb lbg
rfxG5 .Ú
clglZrtsfnLg
gfsfaGbL / /0fd}bfgdf km]l/Psf] k[YjL /fhdfu{
gj/fh g]kfnL÷w|'j clwsf/L
uf]/vf÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] cfx\jfg u/]sf] k'if ! ut]b]lvsf]
clglZrtsfnLg gfsfaGbLel/ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] /fhwfgL hf]8\g] k|d'v /fhdfu{ hgd'lQm ;]gfn]
k"/} ca?4 ul/lbof] . sf7df8f}+af6 b'O{ 306fsf] b"/Ldf /x]sf] k[YjL /fhdfu{sf]
d'lUng–gf}jL;] ;8s v08df b'O{ ;Qfsf b'O{ ;]gfsf] aLrdf !% lbg;Dd df]rf{aGbL /
n'sfdf/L rln/x\of] .
kmfu'0f * ut] k[YjL /fhdfu{df kg]{ wflbËsf] s[i0feL/df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
jf;' :d'lt rf}yf] la|u]8sf of]4fx?n] lu|g]8åf/f u/]sf] xdnfdf k/L ! hgf zfxL ;]gf
36gf:yndf g} dfl/g'sf ;fy} /fhf 1fg]Gb|sf c? % hgf l;kfxLx? 3fOt] agfOPsf 5g\ .
kmfu'0f & ut] k[YjL /fhdfu{df kg]{ wflbËsf] hjfË vf]nfdf gfsfaGbLsf]
cj1f ug{ vf]Hg] !# j6f ;jf/L ;fwgx?nfO{ ljb|f]xLx?n] hnfOlbPsf 5g\ . ljb|f]xL
cfqmf]zdf k/L ef/taf6 sf7df8f}+tkm{ nlub} u/]sf ^) j6f /f“uf 6«sleq} 89]/
c“uf/ ag]sf 5g\ .
kmfu'0f ( ut] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf / hgd'lQm ;]gfaLrsf] uf]nL xfgfxfg /
uf]nfaf/Ldf k/L wflbËsf] k[YjL /fhdfu{df kg]{ r/f}+bL ahf/ glhs} ! hgf ef/tLo 6«s
rfnssf] Hofg hfg'sf ;fy} cGo # hgf ;Vt 3fOt] aGg k'u]sf 5g\ .
leGgfleGg} ldltdf ;f]xL /fhdfu{df kg]{ df}jfvf]nf, lkml:nË, eflnË6f/nufotsf
7fp“df hgof]4fx?n] u/]sf cfwf bh{g xdnfdf k/L ! bh{geGbf a9L k'/fgf] ;Qfsf ;'/IffsdL{x?
3fOt] x'g k'u]sf 5g\ .
/fhdfu{df hgof]4fx?n]
7fp“–7fp“df ?v 9fn]/, 6fo/ afn]/, Uoflag sf6]/ 9'Ëf y'kf/]/ / sltko
7fp“df a'aL 6«ofK; yfk]/ ca/f]w v8f u/]sf lyP . cj/f]w sfo{df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
;'/Iffdf ;of}+ :yfgLo hgtfsf] klg ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
To:t}u/L ndh'Ëaf6 k|fKt Ps csf]{ ;dfrf/cg';f/ kmfu'0f ( ut] ;'Gb/ahf/df
hgd'lQm ;]gfn] yfk]sf] a'aL 6«ofK;df k/L k'/fgf] ;Qfsf @ hgf slyt ;'/IffsdL{x?sf]
Oxlnnf ;dfKt ePsf] 5 .
zfxL ;]gfn] /fhdfu{dfly ljb]zL dflnsx?n] h8f}/L lbPsf x]lnsf]K6/x?
p8fpg;Dd p8fof] . t/ tL …3'P sL/fÚn] s'g} n5f/kf6f] nufpg ;s]gg\ . kmfu'0f (
ut] zfxL /Ifsx?n] ljdfg}af6 uf]nL rnfof] . rf}yf] la|u]8sf gjlgo'Qm /fhgLlts
cfo'Qm s'df/ o;nfO{ dgf]j}1flgs ck/]zg dfq ePsf] 7fGb5g\ .
zfxL ;]gfn] gfsfaGbL ljkmn agfpg] c;kmn k|of;:j?k s] dfq} u/]g <
aGb"ssf] gf]sd'lg a;rfnsx?nfO{ l/Qf ;jf/L ;fwgx?sf] :6]l/Ë ;dfpg nufPg ls
< g t lgxTyf ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ dfgj9fnsf] ?kdf k|of]u u/]/ cfˆgf aVt/aGb uf8Lx?
rnfpg g} af“sL /fVof] . t/, zfxL ;/sf/n] nufPsf] Tof] hGd]b]lvsf] an / hf]/h'n'd
kfgLsf] kmf]sf h:t} sdhf]/ ;flat eof] .
cWoIf k|r08s} zAbdf …hg;d'bfok|ltsf] uDeL/ lhDd]jf/Laf]wsf ;fyÚ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n]
xfnnfO{ gfsfaGbL :ylut u/]/ cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] dfu u/]sf] 5 .
olb s'g} To:tf] lgsf; glbOPdf ljb|f]xLsf ;jf]{Rr g]tfn] csf]{ dlxgfaf6
clglZrtsfnLg cfd x8\tfn-g]kfn aGb_ ug]{ r'gf}tL /fhf 1fg]Gb|nfO{ lbg' ePsf] 5 .
Tolta]nf g]kfnaGbsf sf/0f x'g ;Sg] Ifltsf] lhDd]jf/L slyt zfxL 3f]if0ff dfkm{t
cfktsfn yf]k/]/ /fhgLlts lgsf; ca?4 ug]{ / b]znfO{ k"/} c“Wof/f] vf8ndf
hfSg vf]Hg] 1fg]Gb| zfxLn] g} lng' kg]{5 .
uf]/vf÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s=Zofdn] df3 !( ut] 1fg]Gb| zfxLn] u/]sf] slyt ;+s6sfnsf]
3f]if0ffnfO{ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] vf/]hL ul/;s]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . kmfu'0f ! ut]
hgo'4sf] gjf}+ aflif{sf]T;jsf] sfo{qmddf ;of}+ hgd'lQm ;]gf tyf xhf/f}+
hg;d'bfonfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pxf“n] ;f] s'/f atfpg'ePsf] xf] .
g]kfnL hgo'4 cToGt} lg0ff{os df]8df k'u]sf] / ljb|f]xsf] jftfj/0f aGb}
uPsf] atfp“b} pxf“n] cfˆgf] ;
jf;' :d[lt rf}yf] la|u]8sf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf] ;f] aflif{sf]T;j sfo{qmdsf]
;~rfng la|u]8 sdf08/ s=k|tLIffn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ uf]/vfsf
OGrfh{ s=ljhon] ;efkltsf] cf;g u|x0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf !@ g+=a6flnog
sld;f/ s=lj1fg, !) g+= a6flnog sdf08/ s=ljof]u, sDkgL sld;f/x?, a6flnog
;x–sdf08/ s=cho, sDkgL sdf08/x?, zxLb kl/jf/x? tyf zfxL ;]gfsf] a}/]gL Aof/]saf6
3]/f tf]8L cfpg'ePsf sDkgL sdf08/ k|sfz vgfn -z}n];_, ev{/} dfq zfxL ;]gfaf6
xltof/;lxt ljb|f]x u/L cfpg'ePsf l;+xaxfb'/ zfxLsf] klg pkl:ylt lyof] .
k|d'v cltlynufotsf cltlyx? / hg;d'bfo tyf hgd'lQm ;]gfaLr cjL/–6Lsf
cfbfgk|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] eg] aLraLrdf hgd'lQm ;]gfn] uLt g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
pNnf;do jftfj/0fdf tfnLsf] cfjfhn] emg /dfOnf] ePsf] lyof] .
— gj/fh g]kfnL