n]vx?
–;fu/
o'uf}b]lvsf] ;fdGtjfbL pTkL8gaf6 cfd g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ d'Qm kfg]{ nIo /fv]/
@)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] dxfg\ hgo'4sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof]
. dxfg\ hgo'4sf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] gf}+ jif{ k"/f eP/ bzf}+ jif{df k|j]z ub}{
5 . ljutsf cf“lwdo uf}/jzfnL gf} jif{ cToGt} pynk'yn /xg'sf ;fy} dxfg\
zxLbx?sf] Tofu, tk:of, jL/tf, alnbfg, ;xf; / ;f}o{sf dxfg\ ufyfx?n] el/Psf 5g\ .
b'Zdgsf ;fd' pRr dgf]ansf ;fy o'4 d}bfgdf n8\g] qmddf jL/ult k|fKt ug'{ x'g]
dxfg\ zxLbx?sf] /utn] g]kfnL wtL{ n5Kk} leh]sf] 5 . s}of}+ 3fOt] of]4fx?sf] pRr
dgf]an, ;fx; / jL/tfsf] ufyfn] cfd g]kfnLx?nfO{ cfZro{ rlst / cfkm"nfO{
cfbz{ kfqsf ?kdf pEofPsf 5g\ . ;}of}+sf] ;+Vofdf a]kQf agfOPsf g]tf sfo{stf{x?
lg8/tfsf ;fy cf–cfkm\gf] :yfgdf j}rfl/s c8fgsf ;fy nl8/x]sf 5g\ eg] xhf/f}+ ;+Vofdf
h]nsf] lr;f] l5+8Ldf cfkm\gf] cfjfhx? a'nGb ub}{ k|ltlqmofjfbL ;QfnfO{ vj/bf/L
ul//fv]sf 5g\ . zxLb kl/jf/, a]kQf agfOPsf ;b:ox?sf kl/jf/ h]ndf a;]sf tyf
k"0f{sfnLg ;b:osf kl/jf/x? ;d]t b'Mv kL8fsf aLraf6 Pp6f dd{af]wsf ;fy
qmflGtdf nfda4 ePsf 5g\ .
dxfg\ of]4fx?sf] jL/tf, Tofu, alnbfg / pRr dgf]ansf ;fy} dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbL
/ k|r08kysf] bl/nf] j}rfl/s xltof/sf] sf/0f /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s / ;+u7gfTds k|Zg
xf];\ of kmf}hL Ifdtf lgdf{0fsf] k|Zgdf xf];\ ;a} If]qx?df ;kmntf k|fKt ub{}
cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s tof/L, ;+u7gfTds tof/L, k|fljlws tof/L tyf
;+3if{sf]
tof/L h:tf rf/ tof/Lsf ;fy of]hgfj4 ?kdf z'? ul/Psf] hgo'4n] Psflt/ xhf/f}+ jif{
k'/fgf] ;fdGtL /fHo;Qfåf/f pTkLl8t g]kfnL hgtfdf ljb|f]xsf] Hjfnf blGsg k'Uof]
eg] csf]{lt/ zf;s ju{sf] d'6' xlNnPsf] lyof] . ;+;bLo bndf g/fd|f];+u km;]sf
kf6L{ g]tfx?df csd{0otf k}bf u/fOlbof] eg] e|d k/]sf g]tf sfo{stf{x?df ljb|f]xsf]
Hjfnf blGsof] . qmflGtdf nfdj4 x'g] k|lqmof tLj| dfqfdf a9\b} uof] . qmflGtsf/Lx?sf
j}rfl/s Pstf, qmflGtk|ltsf] OdfGbfl/tf, ;j{xf/f ju{k|ltsf] lgi7fsf sf/0f o'4 Ps
k|sf/n] 3lge"t ?kdf cufl8 a9\g ;kmn eof] . hd]sf] kf]v/Lsf] kfgLdf 9'+uf
xfGbf t/+u k}bf eP em} l;¨f] b]z t/+lut aGg k'u]sf] lyof] .
g]kfnL hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] k|Zg;+u hf]l8Psf] dxfg\ qmflGtnfO{ k|ltlqmofjfbL
;fdGtL ;Qfn] ;]gf k'ln; / cfw'lgs xftxltof/sf] andf bjfpgsf lglDt e/dUb'/ sf]lz;
gu/]sf] xf]Og . o'4sf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] rf}w lbgkl5 uf]/vfsf] Pp6f ufp“sf] Pp6f
;fdfGo lgDg dfWolds :s"ndf cWoog/t ljBfyL{ lbnaxfb'/ /Dt]nsf] xTof u/]/
bdgdf plqof] . hgo'4sf] eSsfn] ltlNdnfpg k'u]sf] ;fdGtL /fhtGq cfh;Dd cfOk'Ubf
cGt/f{li6«o ?kdf hgtfsf] ! g+= b'Zdgsf ?kdf kl/lrt ;fd|fHojfbL cd]l/sf tyf
blIf0f Plzofsf] bfbf ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb h:tf kmfl;jfbLx?;+u xft]dfnf] ub}{}
cfw'lgs xftxltof/sf] vl/b u/]/ :jo+ cfkm\gf bfh'sf] zfvf ;Gtfgsf] j+z gfz ug]{
b/jf/ xTofsf08sf] gf¨f] gfr u/]/ 1fg]Gb| /fhf aGg k'Uof] . cfh cfw'lgs xltof/sf
andf ;]gf kl/rfng tyf ;+s6sfnsf] 3f]if0ff u/]/ cfd g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ sTn]cfd ul//x]sf]
5 .
;+;bLo kf6L{x? cfkm\gf] j}rfl/s 6f6 kN6fOsf sf/0f ;fd|fHojfb lj:tf/jfb /
;fdGtjfbsf] lk5\nUu' aGb} p;sf] h'7f]k'/f]df /Dg k'u] . slyt k|hftGqsf] vf:6f]
cf]9]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf gfddf /fhfsf] cfb]zdf rNg] ;/sf/df ;xeflu eP/ b]zdf rln/x]sf]
dxfg\ qmflGtnfO{ cft+sjfb eGb} ;+s6sfn nfu" ug]{, ;]gf kl/rfng ug]{,
cft+sjfb lgoGq0f P]g lgdf{0f ug]{, ;"rgf, ;+rf/, dfgjLo clwsf/sf] xsdfly
aGb]h nufpg] h:tf cToGt} 3fts lg0f{odf ;l/s ag]/ ;fdGtjfbsf] ;]jf ug{ k'u] . /fhfsf]
eQf a[l4sf lgldQ Pskl5 csf]{ dx+uL a9fP/ hgtfsf b}lgs hLjg wfGg cToGt si6 ;fWo
agfO/x]sf 5g\ . hgtf cToGt} ps';d's';sf] jftfj/0fdf af“Rg ljjz agfOPsf 5g\ .
j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts, ;f+u7lgs / kmf}hL ?kdf 7"nf–7"nf wSsf lb+b}
cufl8 a9]sf] g]kfnL hgtfsf] dxfg\ hgo'4 gf}+ jif{sf] 5f]6f] cjlwdf dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbsf
j}rfl/s dfGotfnfO{ prfO{df p7fp“b} k|r08kysf ?kdf ljrf/ ;+Zn]if0f ug{ ;kmn
ePsf] 5 . k|r08kyn] g]kfnL qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ cleef/f ;lxt ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf]
cfGbf]ng cufl8 a9fpg gofF 9+un] qmflGtsf] 9f]sf vf]n]sf] 5 eg] k|ltqmflGtnfO{ /f]Sg
qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ hgd'lQm ;]gf / ;Qfsf] k|ZgnfO{ gofF 9+un] ;+Zn]if0f u/]/ @!cf}+
ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 . k|r08kyLo ljrf/
;+Zn]if0fsf] of] cjwf/0ffn] kf6L{leq l5k]/ a:g] cj;/jfbnfO{ ;dodf g} ;txdf cfpg
afWo t'NofOlbPsf] 5 . h;n] cfd hgtf, sfo{stf{nfO{ ;ts{ /xg cj;/jfbsf lj?4 hd]/
;+3if{ ug{ / cfd kf6L{ k+lQmnfO{ qmflGtsf/Ls/0f u/L /fVg pko'Qm j}1flgs ljlwsf]
?Kdf sfd u/]sf] 5 . k|r08kyn] ljsf; u/]sf] pQm ;f+u7lgs ljlwsf] ljsf;sf sf/0f
s}of}+ cj;/jfbL tKsfn] pQm ljlwnfO{ k|d'vtfsf ;fy sf]8 ub}{ cfkm\gf k|ltqmflGtsf/L
cg'xf/nfO{ 5f]k]/ ;txdf cfpg] sf]lzzsf] z'?jft eO;s]sf klg 5g\ . pQm j}1flgs
dfGotfn] xfdL ;a}nfO{ ljZj ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] dfGotfaf6 cufl8 a9\g
k|]l/t ul//x]sf] 5 .
cGt/f{li6«o tyf /fli6«o ?kdf ljut s]xL jif{b]lv xfjL /x]sf] ;+zf]wgjfbsf]
k|efj JolQmut ;'Mv ;'ljwf, JolQm kmfObf, l9nf ;':tL, ;+;bLo sfo{z}nL h:tf lgDg
k"“hLjfbL lrGtgxfjL /x]sf] ljBdfg ;dfh tyf To;sf] hj/h:t k|efj k/]sf]
xfd|f] kf6L{ g]tf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ ;d]t gf}+ jif{sf] hgqmflGtn] gofF lbzfdf k'¥ofOlbof]
. dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb / k|r08kysf] ;j{xf/f juL{o l;4fGtn] ;j{xf/f ju{,
;j{xf/f ju{sf] kf6L{, ;j{xf/fju{sf] cfGbf]ngk|lt ;dlk{t efjgfsf] ljsf;sf ;fy}
dha't j}rfl/s Pstf sfod ug{ k'Uof] . kf6L{sf] ?kdf kmf}hL / ;+3if{sf] ?k o'4 eGg]
j}1flgs dfGotfnfO{ :yflkt ug{ ;kmn eof] . gf}+ jif{sf] cjlwdf
g]kfnL qmflGtn] pRr j}rfl/s Pstfsf ;fy alnbfgL efjgfsf] k|r'/ dfqfdf ljsf;
ePsf] 5 .
e?jf aGb's, af?b / k]6«f]n adsf] :y/af6 z'? ePsf] kmf}hL sfjf{xL gf} jif{
k"/f gub}{ /0fg}lts
/Iff, /0fg}lts ;+Gt'ngsf b'O{ j6f o'4sf r/0fx? kf/ u/]/ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf]
clGtd r/0fdf ;fgbf/ ?kdf k|j]z ul/;s]sf] 5 . cl3Nnf b'O{ j6f r/0fdf g} b'Zdgsf
cfw'lgs xftxltof/ sAhf u/]/ >]i7tf xfl;n ul/;s]sf] hgd'lQm ;]gfn] /0fg}lts
k|Tofqmd0fsf] klxnf] of]hgfdf g} ef/L ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . kf6L{
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] u/]sf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox? afx\o ?kdf ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf]
Jofks e08fkmf]/ tyf cfGtl/s ?kdf ;fdGtjfbsf] cGTosf nflu k|Tofqmd0fsf] of]hgfnfO{
sfof{Gjog ug]{ lyof] . /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] klxnf] of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf qmddf
k"j{ d]rLb]lv klZrd\ dxfsfnL;Ddsf rnfodfg kmf}hL sfjf{xLsf of]hgf ;fgbf/ ?kdf
;DkGg x'g k'u] . ;kmntfk"0f{ kmf}hL sfjf{xLn] Psflt/ ;fdGtjfbL ;Qf tyf p;sf]
zfxL ;]gfsf] dgf]an x\jfQ} 36\g'sf] ;fy} pgLx?df Jofks dfqfdf lj36gsf] k|lqmof
z'?jft x'g k'Uof] . ;+;bkf6L{ / p;sf g]tfx? slyt ;+;bLo Joj:yf, ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf]
/6 nufp“b} if8]un]sf] /fhtGqnfO{ sf“wdf af]ls /fv] . cu|udgsf lgldQ cfd
hgtfdf Psfsf/ eP/ ;+3if{df nfda4 x'g'sf] ;§f /fhfsf] h'7f] k'/f]df /Dg k'u] .
hgtf OdfGbf/ sfo{stf{sf] ;'emfj ;NnfxnfO{ a]jf:tf ub}{ ;Qf lnK;fdf /Dg k'u] .
j}rfl/s 6f6 kN6fO ;+;bLo g]tfx?sf] cb'/blz{tfsf] tyf cj}1flgs ;f]+rsf sf/0f
if8]un]sf] ;fdGtL /fhfn] cfh ;a} ;+;bLo kf6L{x?nfO{ ;d]t nft xfg]/ hgtfsf
;Dk"0f{ clwsf/sf] x/0f ug{ k'u]sf] 5 .
;+;bLo kf6L{x?sf] ljrf/, of]hgf, sfo{qmd / xljutsf ljifodf /fd|};+u kl/lrt
;fdGtL /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] pgLx?nfO{ @)%* h]i7 !( kl5 cfh;Dd cfOk'Ubf /fd|};+u pkof]u
ug{ ;kmn aGb} cfof] . p;sf] kl5Nnf] s8Lsf ?kdf )%( cflZjg !* ut] ;a} ;+;bLo
kf6L{x?nfO{ nft xfg]/ k"j{ k~rx?nfO{ ;/sf/df k'¥ofP/ x]¥of] . Tof] p;sf]
kfj/sf] cem} ljsf; ug'{ / hgtfnfO{ a9L em'Sofpg'df lyof] . 1fg]Gb|sf] pQm if8oGq
/ xs{tsf lj?4 ;zQm ;+3if{df cfkm"nfO{ pEofpg'sf] ;§f k|ltudg cflb ;lRrPsf]
/ k"0f{ ;lRrPsf] h:tf zflAbs hfnx? a'g]/ uGxfO;s]sf] /fhtGqnfO{ sf“wdf
af]s]/ lx+8\g] sfd eP . kmf}hL ?kdf xfl/;s]sf] zfxL ;]gf / /fhfnfO{ af]s]/
lx+8g] sfo{n] /fhtGqnfO{ k'g kmfl;jfbL 9+uaf6 cfpg d2t u¥of] .
/fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] kmfl;jfbL sbdnfO{ ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?n] nuftf/ ;xof]u ub}{
cfPsf sf/0f @)^! df3 !( ut] k'g z]/axfb'/ b]pjf / Pdfn]sf] ;/sf/nfO{ ckb:y u/]/
hgtfsf ;a} xsclwsf/k|lt k"0f{ k|ltaGw nufp“b} ;}Go zf;gsf] gf¨f] gfr
gflr/x]sf] 5 . 1fg]sf] bnfnL ubf{ub}{ klg ;a} ;+;bLo kf6L{x?nfO{ k|ltaGw nufpgsf]
;fy} ;a} h;f] g]tfx?nfO{ gh/aGwdf /fv]/ gf¨f] kmfl;jfbL cft+s dRrfO/fv]sf] 5 .
!*cf}+ ztfAbLsf] /fhtGqsf] h:tf] r/d kmfl;jfbL gfr gflr/x]sf] 5 .
;fdGtjfbL /fhtGq h'g;'s} ;dodf klg hgtfsf] 3f“6L lgdf]7]/ b/jf/df a;]/
xflnd'xfnL rnfp“b} P]; cf/fd ug{ rfxG5 eGg] s'/f dWosfnLg o'ub]lv g} k|dfl0ft
x'“b} cfPsf] ljifo xf] . Tof] oyfy{nfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] ;fdGtjfbL
;QfnfO{ ;bfsf lgldQ cGTo ub}{ hgtfsf] hgjfbL ;Qfsf] :yfkgf u/]/ cfd hgtfnfO{ ;fj{ef}d
agfpg] p2]Zosf ;fy dxfg\ hgo'4sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] xf] . qmflGtsf] z'?jft, lg/Gt/tf
nuftf/sf] ljhosf] o; 38Ldf hgtfsf] g/;+xf/ ug]{ p2]Zon] /fhfsf] kmfl;jfb cToGt}
pbf¨f] / 3[l0ft ?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 . of] P]ltxfl;s df]8df ljutsf cfu|x,
k"jf{u|xnfO{ TofUb} hgtfsf xslxt, clwsf/ / d'lQmsf vflt/ ;a} ;+;bLo kf6L{
g]tf, sfo{stf{x?n] cfkm\gf] cfTd ;ldIff ug'{ kg]{ ;do cfO;s]sf] 5 . unt
d"No, dfGotf, unt k|sf/sf j}rfl/s a'emfOx?nfO{ ;Rofp“b} hgtfsf kIfdf pleg'
/ /fhtGqsf lj?4df nfda4 x'g cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . ljZjdf ePsf sltko hgqmflGtx?df
b]vfkg]{ sltko P]ltxfl;s df]8x?df cfkm"nfO{ ?kfGt/0f ug{ g;Sbf cfkm\gf]
cl:tTj u'dfP/ nf]k ePsf pbfx/0f xfd|f ;fd' k|z:t} 5g\ eGg] s'/f a'em\g h?/L 5 .
xfdL cfzf u/f}+ ;a} ;+;bLo kf6L{sf g]tfx? ;+3if{sf kIfdf pleg' x'g]5 .
/fhf 1fg]Gb|sf] jQmJonfO{ vf/]h ub}{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf
s=k|r08n] ;+3if{sf] nflu cfx\jfg ul/;Sg' ePsf] 5 . ljutsf lbgx?df ;+;bLo kf6L{x?
cu|udg / k|ltudgsf aLrdf k]08'ndsf ?kdf a;]sf sf/0f /fhfn] lgjf{b ?kdf v]Ng]
df}sf k|fKt u¥of] . h;sf sf/0f l;¨f] b]z vt/fdf k/]sf] 5 eg] ;Dk"0f{
g]kfnL hgtf rsf]{ bdg pTkL8gdf k/]sf 5g\ . t;y{ cjsf lbgx?df pgLx?n] lglZro g}
kf7 l;Sg] g} 5g\ . /fhg}lts, j}rfl/s, ;f+u7lgs Ifdtf ;fy ;}Go / k|ljlwsf lx;fan]
klg ;fdGtjfbnfO{ k/f:t ug{ ;Ifd 5 eGg] k|df0f ev{/} dfq b]zJofkL ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf
kmf}hL sfjf{xLn] b]vfO;s]sf] 5 . hgtfsf] ;dy{g cToGt} a9]/ uPsf] 5 . s]xL ;dodfq
eP klg ;Qf nDAofpgsf vflt/ :jo+ 1fg]Gb| ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ xftdf lnP/ ;}Go zf;g
nfu" u/]sf 5g\ . s'g} klg k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qf clGtd cj:yfdf o;} u/L cfpg]
ub{5g\ . hf] cfh 1fg]Gb| cfPsf 5g\ . t;y{ ;Rrf nf]stflGqs zlQmx? Pp6} df]rf{df
cfj4 agf}+, hgtfsf] dxfg\ ljhosf] 38L lgs6 5 .
cfdhgtfsf]
kmf}hLs/0f clxn]sf] cfjZostf
–k/jfgf
s]xL dlxgf cufl8 xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL dxfg\ kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf]
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s ;a}eGbf P]ltxfl;s / b'/ufdL dxTj /fVb} ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
g]kfnL qmflGt ;j{xf/f ju{sf] lxtdf ;DkGg ug]{,
o;nfO{ ljZj qmflGt;+u hf]8g], qmflGtnfO{ ;j{xf/f
ju{sf] jf:tljs clwsf/ ;DkGg t/ -gofF hgjfb, ;dfhjfb x'“b} ;fDojfb_;Dd
nfg] / o;nfO{ aLrdf g/f]Sg] s;};+u klg hgtf b]z / qmflGtsf] clxt x'g] u/L ;Demf}tf
gug]{, a? b]z, hgtf / qmflGtsf] lxtsf] nflu clGtd;Dd ju{;+3if{nfO{ hfl/ /fVg]
cToGt cf]lhnf] / lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ k|ltj4tfsf ;fy @)%@ ;fndf z'? ePsf] hgo'4
@)%& ;fn;Dd /Iff, To;kl5 ;Gt'ng / clxn] @)^! ;fndf /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf]
r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . hgo'4sf] ljsf;sf] of] k|lqmof xfd|f] kf6L{n] hgo'4 z'?
x'g' cufj} dfn]dfsf] cfwf/df ul/Psf] ljZn]if0f / of]hgf d'tfljs g} cufl8 al9/x]sf]
5 . x/]s /0fg}lts r/0fx?;+u} ljZjsf] / cfGtl/s kl/l:yltdf cfPsf] ljsf; / km]/abn;+u}
sltko pkr/0fx? -of]hgfsf z[+vnfx?_ klg ;fk]lIft ?kdf ljsl;t x'“b} uPsf 5g\ .
kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+rflnt /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltsf] ljsf;df k|r08kyn] /0fg}lts ;+t'ng
/ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf k|f/Dedf pNn]vgLo k|ult u/]sf] 5 . oL of]hgfx? qmflGtsf]
lgod / ljlzi6tf cg';f/ cufl8 a9]sf 5g\ / ljsl;t x'“b}5g\ eg] sfo{gLlts of]hgfx?
/0fgLlts} k"/ssf] ?kdf t/ cfjZost nrstf ;lxt qmflGtsf] ultnfO{ klS8/fv]sf
5g\ . ;a}sf] ;+Zn]lift ?k s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s x'g uPsf] 5 . ;}4flGts,
;+u7gfTds, /fhg}lts / ju{;+3if{sf] ;jfndf o;n] Ps b'/ufdL lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
qmflGtsf] k"0f{tf eg]sf] ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfosf] -clwsf+z
hg;d'bfosf]_ qmflGtdf ;xeflutf xf] . hlt 7"nf] ;+Vofdf hg;d'bfo qmflGtdf
xf]ldb} hfG5g\, Tolt g} qmflGtsf] ljho / ;'lglZrttf x'G5 . o;sf] nflu ;r]t k|oTg
xfd|f] kf6L{n] k|f/Deb]lv g} ub}{ cfPsf] kfOG5 . æ/fhg}lts lbzf ;lx jf unt
x'g'n] ;a} s'/fsf] lgwf{/0f ub{5Æ eGg] k|l;4 k|:yfkgf h:t} hgo'4sf] ljsf;sf]
of] gjf}+ jif{ k"/f eP/ bzf}+ jif{ k|j]zsf] ;+3f/df xfdLn] ;+;f/n] b]Vg]
u/L dfS;{jfbsf ;+u7s c+ux?sf] ljsf;, ;j{xf/f ju{sf] alnof] x]8Sjf6/sf] ljsf;sf]
;fy} ju{;+3if{df pNn]vgLo k|ult u/]sf 5f}+ . h;n] xfd|f] g]t[Tj, sfo{stf{, jL/
hgd'lQm ;]gf / nfvf}+ hg;d'bfosf] z[+vnf tof/ ePsf] 5 .
/0fg}lts ;+t'ngsf] clGtd r/0fdf xfl;n ul/Psf kmf}hL sfjf{xL / /0fg}lts
k|Tofqmd0fsf] z'?jft;+u} xfl;n ul/Psf kmf}hL cfqmd0fsf z[+vnfx?n] / o;sf] ;fydf
ul/Psf /fhg}lts x:tIf]kn] k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf] s]Gb|-lsNnf_nfO{ r'gf}lt lbO/x]sf]
5 . /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0f / ef/t;+usf] ;+3if{nfO{ lglZrt\ u/L agfPsf] sfo{gLlt /
g]t[Tjsf] s]Gb|Ls/0f / ljrf/sf] ;+Zn]if0f h:tf pRr lg0f{on] ;fd|fHojfb, lj:tf/jfb
/ k|ltlqmofjfbsf] s]Gb|df 7"nf] wdfsf l;h{gf ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} If]qut
lx;fan] / ljs]Gb|Lt 9+un] vf]lnPsf] df]rf{x?n] p;sf] kmf}hL Ifdtfsf] c;nL
k|ltkmn b]lvPsf] 5 . p;sf] kmf}hL / /fhg}lts d's'08f] RofltPsf] 5 .
cfkm\g} sdhf]/ l:yltnfO{ lrg{ p;n] j}b]lzs ;xof]usf] Ps dfq duGt] pkfo
cjnDjg ub}{} cfPsf] 5 . oxf“sf ;Qfwf/Lsf gf/L 5fld;s]sf Ajf“;f h:tf s'l6n æbftfÆx?n]
klg nufgLsf k5fl8 cfkm\gf :jfy{sf dfqf u'0ffTds a9fp“b} nu]sf 5g\ . hf] ;j{ljlbt}
5, ;Qfwf/Lx?sf] af/af/ ef/t, cd]l/sf e|d0f / k|To]s e|d0fsf k5fl8 ;}Go ;xof]u /
if8oGq x'g' of] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] cl:tTj a'Vof“ofsf] ?kdf ePsf] k|df0f xf] . o;sf]
;xof]udf k|ltlqmofjfbL s]Gb|n] klg cfTd/Iffsf] ;}Go ;+/rgfdf a[l4 u/]sf] 5 .
kmfl;jfbL / /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfbL ljrf/sf] x'gfn] To:tf] b]z / hgtfk|lt yk
kmfl;jfb / o; cfTd;dk{0fjfb nfb\g]eGbf c? ug]{ 5}g eGg] s'/f cfh xfdLn] a'em\g'
k5{ . jftf{ / r'gfjsf] gfddf if8oGq ug]{ ljb]zL ;}Go zlQm o'4 ;fdu|L leqfP/ eP
klg hgo'4 …lgoGq0fÚ sf] axfgfdf cfkm\gf lj/f]wL -cfGbf]ng/t_ hgtfsf] g/;+xf/
ug]{ if8oGq ug]{, of] l:yltdf p;sf] ;}Go ;+/rgf a[l4n] cfGbf]ng/t kIfn] ;d]t
oxfF uDeL/ x'g' k/]sf] 5 .
xfd|f] kf6L{ cWoIf s=k|r08n] eGg' ePsf] 5 ls, æcfh k|ltlqmofjfbL;+u ePsf]
aGb'ssf] af/]df lrGtf ug'{ k¥of], ;a}n] dfcf]jfbL;+u ePsf] aGb'ssf] af/]df
lrGtf ug'{ kb}{g, lsgls Tof] hgtfsf] xf], hgtfk|lt ;dlk{t 5, dxfg\ hgo'4sf] d'Vo
p2]Zo klg hgtfsf] jf:tljs clwsf/ ;DkGgtfsf] nflu xf] . of] hgo'4sf] hgtfsf] xs,
clwsf/ afx]s csf]{ :jfy{ 5“b} 5}g . o;} dxfg\ ljrf/n] g} cfh hgtfsf] kmf}hL /
/0fg}lts Ifdtfsf] u'0ffTds ljsf;sf] 9f]sf vf]n]sf] 5 .
ev{/} k|ltlqmofjfbn] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbL ef/tsf]
if8oGqk"0f{ Ozf/fdf r'gfj ug]{ cfkm\gf] v'gL k~hfnfO{ yk dha't ug]{ To;sf]
nflu b]zsf] cl:dtf ltnf~hnL u/] eP klg g/;+xf/ ub}{ cfkm\gf] eTs+b} uPsf] ;Qfsf]
a}zfvL c? dha't agfpg] ;kgfsf ;fy kf}if dlxgf;Ddsf] clN6d]6d lbPsf] lyof] . t/
Tof] clN6d]6dnfO{ xfd|f] kf6L{n]
/2Lsf] 6f]s/Ldf kmf“lslbP kl5 ;Qfwf/Ldf csf]{ ;+s6 ylkPsf] 5 . d/]sf] ;+;b k'g
:yfkgf ug]{ Ps y/Lsf] dt 5 eg] j}b]lzs ;}Go ;xof]u 5n]/ eP klg r'gfj ug]{ p;sf]
if8oGq 5 . nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfns} /fli6«otfsf] vt/f aGb} cfPsf] lj:tf/jfbL ef/t
cfh oxf“sf ;Qfwf/Lx?sf] s]Gb| aGb} 5 . ;GwLx?df bjfj / kmf}hL x:tIf]ksf] wDsL
p;n] lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} jf:tljs k|hftGq gofF -hgjfbL qmflGt_sf nflu
nl8/x]sf] :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:o ;ldlt ;b:o s=ls/0f, To:t} kL=jL=Pd=s=;f]gfd, cEof;,
lrqaxfb'/ >]i7, s=;d;]/, clgn nufot em08} Ps bh{g g]tf sfo{stf{sf] lu/km\tf/L
/ lbNnLdf dflqsf ofbj / ;'/]z cfn] du/dflysf] lu/km\tf/n] ef/tsf] g]kfnL
qmflGtk|ltsf] rl/q k|i6 b]Vg ;lsG5 ls p cGttM g]kfnL qmflGt -jf:tljs k|hftGq_sf]
afws 5 . ctM g]kfnL qmflGt ;DkGg ug{sf] nflu of] eGbf 7"nf] afx\o x:tIf]ksf]
;fdgf ug{ tof/ x'g' g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
dfq xf]Og ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm g]kfnLsf] bfloTj xf] .
t/, xfdLn] Oltxf;df k6s–k6s ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb jf afx\o x:tIf]k;+u g]kfnL
hgtf n8\b} cfPsf] kfPsf 5f}+ . c+u|hL ;fd|fHojfbsf] kfnfdf gfnfkfgLdf jL/ aneb|
s'“j/ / led;]g yfkfx? dlxnf s]6fs]6Lx?sf] kmf}h ;lxtsf] Tolt a]nfsf] 3/]n'
xltof/ k|of]u u/L afx\o x:tIf]ksf] lj?4 n8] ltAatL cfqmd0f -x:tIf]k_sf] lj?4 o'4
sf}zn / cfuf]sf] k|of]u u/]/ g]kfnL hgtf n8]sf] / pgLx?nfO{ pQ/lt/} nv]6]sf],
ledbQ kGtn] g]kfnL s[lif qmflGtsf] g]t[Tj ubf{ afx\o x:tIf]k d'VotM ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb;+u
n8\g] gLltsf ;fy n8\bf ef/tLo kmf}h;+u dfl/g' k/]sf] Oltxf; xfd|f] ;fd' 5 .
t}klg lj:tf/jfb;+usf] ;+3if{ /f]lsPsf] 5}g .