d'Vo ;dfrf/

;fdGtL lg/+s'ztflj?4 cfGbf]ngsf] Hjf/

r}q @) b]lv #) ut];Dd cfd x8tfn

    sf7df8f}+÷ /fhfsf] df3 !( ut]sf] 3f]/ k|ltufdL sbdsf] lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngn] gof“ ult ks8\b}5 . b]zdf hgo'4sf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_n] ;fdGtL lg/ª\s'ztfsf] lj?4 / k"0f{ k|hftGq k|flKtsf nflu P3f/ lbg] cfd x8tfn;lxt Ps dlxg] kmf}hL / u}/kmf}hL ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 eg] kf“r ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?n] klg r}q ! ut]b]lv /fhfsf] k|ltufdL sbdsf] lj?4 of]hgfa4 ?kdf ;8s ;+3if{ ug{] ePsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bjfbL /fhgLlts zlQmsf] cnu cnu t/ Ps}lt/ k|xf/ s]lGb|t of] ;+3if{nfO{ aLr}df t'xfpg]x?sf] v]n ;kmn ePg eg] b]zdf l5§} cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] 9f]sf v'Ng] lglZrt 5 .

df3 !( ut] 3f]/ k|ltufdL sbd rfn]/ cfkm\g} g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/sf] u7g u/]kl5 /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] kbf{leq v]Nb} cfPsf] /fhgLlts v]nsf] k"/} k6fIf]k ePsf] 5 . ls t /fhfsf] ;fd' cfTd;dk{0f ug{] ls t ;+3if{ ug{] of] afx]s /fhgLlts kf6L{x?;“u csf{] ljsNk lyPg / 5}g klg . zfxL ;Qfsf lj?4 hLjg–d/0fsf] ;+3if{ ub{} cfPsf] dfcf]jfbLn] /fhfsf] kl5Nnf] k|ltufdL sbdsf] lj?4 klg tTsfn} s8f ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd Nofof] . dfcf]jfbLn] cufl8 ;f/]sf] tLg lbg] g]kfn aGb / To;sf] nuQ} !^ lbg] b]zAofkL rSsfhfd sfo{qmd hgtfsf] pT;fxhgs ;xeflutf / ;dy{gdf ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg eof] . /, o;aLrdf dfcf]jfbLn] kmf}hL sfjf{xLnfO{ klg tLj|tf lbof] . t/, zfxL ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] k|ltufdL sbdnfO{ ;Rofpg'sf] ;§f emg lg/+s'z aGb} uof] . To;sf lj?4 afWo eP/ dfcf]jfbLn] r}q dlxgfel/sf] kmf}hL / u}/kmf}hL ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ r}q ! ut]b]lv !( ut];Dd b]zJofkL hgkl/rfng / kmf}hL k|lt/f]wsf ;fy} :yfgLo / If]qLo txdf x8tfn, rSsfhfd, aGb / gfsfaGbL ug{] tyf )$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf ;Gbe{df r}q @) ut]b]lv #) ut];Dd cfd x8tfn -g]kfn aGb_ ug{] sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08n] kmfu'g #) ut] hf/L ug{'ePsf] jQmAodf ;fdGtL lg/ª\s'ztfsf lj?4 ;a} /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh / af}l4s ;d'bfo;“u Jofks df]rf{ agfP/ cufl8 a9\gsf nflu klg ckLn ug{'ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf] jQmJodf ljutsf ;a} s6' cg'ejaf6 lzIff ln+b} cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ Pstfa4 kfg{ ;j{k|yd /fhgLlts bnsf aLrdf ;dembf/L agfpg ljz]if hf]8 ug{'ePsf] 5 . lg/ª\s'ztfsf] lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf pq]sf ;a} /fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ cfkm\gf /fhg}lts ultljlwnfO{ b]zsf s'g} efudf klg lgjf{w ?kn] ;~rfng ug{ afwf gk'¥ofpg] a? ;xof]u ug{] atfpg'x'“b} cWoIf s= k|r08n] gof“ cfwf/df gof“ Pstf ug{sf nflu cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 kxn cufl8 a9fpg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] cfkm\gf] kf6L{n] eGb} cfPsf] ;+ljwfg ;ef / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] 3f]lift gLltsf af/]df klg s;}nfO{ z+sf gug{sf nflu cg'/f]w ug{'ePsf] 5 .

 cWoIf s= k|r08åf/f hf/L jQmJo ;fdlos Pjd\ dxTjk"0f{ ePsfn] oxf“ k"0f{ c+z k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 –

 æcfh g]kfnL ;dfh cfkm\gf] /fhg}lts Oltxf;sf] cToGt} ;+j]bgzLn df]8df cfOk'u]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf] k"0f{ k|hftGq k|flKtsf] cfsf+IffnfO{ r'gf}lt lb+b} slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffdfkm{t\ cufl8 cfPsf] ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf] ;j{q lj/f]w eO/x]sf] 5 . t/, lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] g]t[Tjdf cl:tTjsf] clGtd n8fO+“df pq]sf ;fdGtL tTjx? eg] hgtfsf lj?4 ;fd, bfd, b08, e]bsf] gf}6+sL k|bz{gdf Jo:t 5g\ . )!& ;fn bf]xf]¥ofpg] snfljxLg gf6ssf] d+rg ul/;s]sf ;fdGtL gfOs]x? clxn] /fhg}lts bnx?nfO{ km'6fpg] / bafpg] k'/fg} v]n v]Nb}5g\ . %% jif{b]lv ;fdGtL b/af/sf] kmf]xf]/L v]n em]Nb} cfPsf g]kfnL hgtf ca To;af6 sbflk e|ldt x'g] 5}gg\ . a? )& ;fnb]lv cw'/f] /x]sf] k|hftflGqs qmflGtsf] cfjZostf k"/f ug{ @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf dxfg\ g]kfnL hgtf Pstfa4 x'“b} b[9tfk"j{s cufl8 a9\g] 5g\ . zflGtk"0f{ / cu|ufdL lgsf;sf ;a} 9f]sf aGb u/]/ j}b]lzs ;xof]udf l6s]sf] zfxL ;}lgs cft+ssf] andf Oltxf;sf] rqmnfO{ kl5 ws]Ng b':;fx; ug{] ;fdGtL tTjx? Oltxf;sf] s'“8fss{6df ldNsfOg] s'/f lglZrt 5 .

        b]zsf] /fhg}lts ;+j]bgzLntfk|lt uDeL/tfk"j{s ljrf/ u/]/ g} xfd|f] kf6L{n] cToGt} lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ 9+un] ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztf lj/f]wL ;a} /fhg}lts bn, gful/s ;dfh / jf}l4s ;d'bfo;“u Jofks df]rf{ sfod u/]/ cufl8 a9\g'kg{] P]ltxfl;s cfjZostfdf hf]8 lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . ljutsf s6' cg'ejaf6 lzIff ln+b} cfdhg;d'bfonfO{ PsLs[t kfg{ ;j{k|yd /fhg}lts bnx?sf aLrdf 7f]; ;dembf/L aGg tTsfn cfjZos 5 . o; ;Gbe{df xfd|f] kf6L{ cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 ug{'kg{] Tofusf lgldQ tof/ /x]sf] s'/f o;} jQmJodfkm{t\ :ki6 ug{ rfxG5 . ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztf lj/f]wL ;a} /fhg}lts bnx?nfO{ cfkm\gf /fhg}lts ultljlw b]zsf s'g} klg efudf lgjf{w ?kn] ;~rfng ug{ afwf gk'¥ofOg] clkt' ;xof]u k'¥ofOg] 3f]if0ff ub{} xfd|f] kf6L{ /fhg}lts bnx?sf aLrdf ljutsf sdLsdhf]/Lk|lt cfnf]rgf–cfTdfnf]rgf ub{} gof“ cfwf/sf] Pstf u/L cufl8 a9\g cfjZos 7fGb5 / cfkm" To;sf lgldQ tof/ /x]sf] s'/f klg :ki6 ug{ rfxG5 . ;fy}, xfd|f] kf6L{sf] ;+ljwfg ;ef / ax'bnLo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] 3f]lift gLltdf s"g} k|sf/sf] z+sf gug{ b]zleq / aflx/sf ;a} /fhg}lts zlQmx?;“u xfdL ljgd| cfu|x ug{ rfxG5f}+ .

        slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] tTsfn k|lt/f]w ub{} xfd|f] kf6L{n] b]zJofkL rSsfhfd / gfsfaGbL u/]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . hgtfk|lt lhDd]jf/ x'“b} xfdLn]] !% lbgkl5 ;f] sfo{qmd :ylut u/]sf lyof}+ . ToxL ;Gbe{df ;fdGtL tTjx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] lg/+s'z sbd lkmtf{ lng r'gf}tL lb+b} ;f] gePdf ;+3if{sf] cem pRr sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ul/g] s'/f klg :ki6 u/]sf lyof}+ . lg/+s'ztfjfbL tTjx? eg] To;nfO{ lgsf; xf]Og xTof, cft+s, k~r¥ofnL / kfv08L k|rf/åf/f cfkm\gf] cl:tTj arfpg] b':;fx;df g} nflu/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] l:yltdf xfd|f] kf6L{ lg/+s'ztfsf] lj?4 / k"0f{ k|hftGqsf] kIfdf cfGbf]ngsf] cf“wLj]x/L ;[li6 ug{ b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ dhb'/, ls;fg, dlxnf, ljBfyL{, lzIfs, k|fWofks, 8fS6/, jlsn, kqsf/ nufot ;a} tx / tKsfsf hg;d'bfo;“u xflb{s ckLn ub{5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf lgldQ xfd|f] kf6L{ r}q ! ut]b]lv !( ut];Dd b]zJofkL hgkl/rfng / kmf}hL k|lt/f]wsf ;fy} :yfgLo / If]qLo :t/df x8\tfn, rSsfhfd, aGb / gfsfaGbL ug{] tyf )$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ng lbj;sf] ;Gbe{df r}q @) ut]b]lv #) ut];Dd  cfd x8\tfn -g]kfn aGb_ ug{] ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ub{5 . ;+3if{sf] of] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ tyf b]znfO{ dWoo'ult/ kmsf{pg] b':;fx; ug{] lg/+s'z ;fdGtL tTjx?nfO{ hgzlQmsf] kl/ro lbg xfd|f] kf6L{ k'gM cfd hg;d'bfo;“u xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .Æ

ptf kf“r ;+;bjfbL zlQmn] klg r}q ! ut]b]lv ;+o'Qm / Psn ;8s ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd cufl8 NofPsf 5g . dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bjfbL zlQmsf] clxn]sf] ;+3if{n] zfxL ;QfnfO{ 7"n} r'gf}tL v8f ePsf] 5 . oL b'O{ zlQmx?aLrdf PsLs[t of tfnd]n ldnfP/ hfg] xf] eg] zfxL ;Qf lgs6 eljiod} a9fl/g] kSsf 5 . 

        b]zsf] k|foM ;a} u|fdL0f If]q cfkm\gf] sAhfdf lnPsf / zx/L Onfsfdf klg cfkm\gf] alnof] pkl:ylt hgfPsf] dfcf]jfbLn] nlrnf] ?kdf cfkm"nfO{ k|:t't u/] klg ;+;bjfbLx?sf] To;af/]  k|ltlqmof s:tf] cfpg] xf] Tof] eg] x]g{ af“sL g} 5 . lg/ªs'z zfxL ;Qfsf lj?4 nl8/x]sf dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bjfbLx?nfO{ s'g} klg xfntdf Ps} 7fp“df cfpg glbg] / ;+;bjfbL / /fhfaLr km]l/ ;Qf z]o/ u/fpg ;lqmo ljb]zLx?sf] v]nn] ;+;bjfbL /fhgLlts zlQmnfO{ k|efj g} kfb{}g egL xfNg ;Sg] l:ylt b]lv+b}g . ljb]zL / /fhfsf] kbf{ aflx/ b]lvPsf] clxn]sf] v'Nnf v]ndf ls t ljb]zL ls t /fhfsf] kIfdf nfu]/ g]tfx?n] cfkm\gf] :jTj 5f8] eg] ljb]zL of /fhfsf] Psk6s km]l/ ljZjf;kfq t aGnfg t/ g]kfnL hgtf / cfkm\g} OdfGbf/ sfo{stf{sf] eg] ;bfsf nflu ljZjf; u'dfpg] 5g\ . /fhf / ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|sf] a}wflgstf jf nfO;]G; k|fKt u/]/ xf]Og ls hgtfsf] ljZjf;df g} cfGbf]ng cufl8 a9\g ;S5 eGg] s'/f cGoq vf]Hg kb{}g, g]kfnsf] dfcf]jfbL g} /fd|f] pbfx/0f alg;s]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bjfbL zlQm ldn]/ Psk6s cfGbf]ngdf xf]ldg] xf] eg] g]kfnsf] zfxL ;QfnfO{ ca s;}n} klg arfpg ;Sb}g . oltv]/ ;+;bjfbL g]tfx?sf] klg clUg k/LIff x'“b}5 .

        o;}aLr clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sL cWoIf hok'/L 3tL{n] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt ub{} dfcf]jfbLn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] ;+3if{nfO{ cfkm\gf] ;+u7gsf tkm{af6 ;lqmo ;dy{g / ;xeflutf /xg] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .  

zfxL ;Qfåf/f k|of]lht ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f

        zfxL ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLlj?4 tof/ u/]sf] k|of]lht ;fdu|Lsf] ;L8L ljleGg Pkm=Pd= / klqsfsf] sfof{nodf k'¥ofOPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhg}lts / kmf}hL xdnfaf6 k/f:t x'“b} uPkl5 zfxL ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] k'/fg} abgfd if8\oGqsf] v]nnfO{ a9fPsf] 5 . k|];sf] k"/} 3f“6L ;dft]/ cfkm\gf] ehg / lj/f]wL kIfsf] lj/f]wdf tof/ u/]sf] k|fof]lht ;fdu|L ;Dk|]if0f ug{] zfxL ;Qfsf] of] cg}lts Pjd\ 3Lg nfUbf] sfdnfO{ ;a}n] 3[0ff ul//x]sf 5g .

        o;}aLr g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3n] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt u/L ljZjJofkL dfGotfljk/Lt PkmPd :6];gx?nfO{ ;dfrf/ tyf ;dfrf/d"ns sfo{qmd k|;f/0fdf /f]s nufOPsf a]nf ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf PstkmL{ ;"rgf k|;f/0f ug{ PkmPd :6]zgx?nfO{ afWo u/L k|f]kf]u08f d]l;g/L agfpg vf]h]sfdf To;sf] 3f]/ eT;{gf u/]sf] 5 .

6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o uf]ljGb kf}8]n lu/km\tf/

    sf7df8f}+÷clvn g]kfn 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o uf]ljGb kf}8]nnfO{ zfxL ;Qfsf ;'/IffsdL{n] lu/km\tf/ u/L j]kQf agfPsf 5g\ . oxL kmfu'g @@ ut] nlntk'/sf] kf6gaf6 pxf“nfO{ lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf] v'Ng cfPsf] 5 .

o;}jLr dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj tyf ;f]xL ;+u7gsf jfUdtL–gf/fo0fL ;+of]hs /fhg ltldlN;gfn] Ps jQmJo dfkm{t\ kf}8]nsf] lu/km\tf/Lsf] k'li6 ub}{ pxf“sf] hLjg /Iff / ;fj{hlgs u/fpgsf nflu kxn ul/lbg dfgjlwsf/jfbL, ;+rf/sdL{ / gful/s ;dfhnfO{ cfu|x ug'{ePsf] 5 . 

kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] dxflwj]zg j}zfvdf x'g]

     sf7df8f}+÷ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] @! cf}+ dxflwj]zg cfufdL @)^@ ;fn a}zfv @) / @! ut] x'g] ePsf] 5 . ut kmfu'g @* ut] dxf;+3sf ;efklt tf/fgfy bfxfnsf] cWoIftfdf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf a;]sf] dxf;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] a}7sn] ;f] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] .

        a}7skl5 hf/L jQmJodf ;+s6sfnsf] tTsfn cGTosf] dfu ub}{ k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtfsf] zL3| axfnLsf nflu dof{lbt Pj+ zflGtk"0f{ ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd cl3 a9fpg] pNn]v ub}{ ljZjJofkL dfGotfljk/Lt PkmPd :6];gx?nfO{ ;dfrf/ tyf ;dfrf/d"ns sfo{qmd k|;f/0fdf /f]s nufOPsf a]nf ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf PstkmL{ ;"rgf k|;f/0f ug{ PkmPd :6]zgx?nfO{ afWo u/L k|f]kf]u08f d]l;g/L agfpg vf]h]sf]df o;sf] 3f]/ eT;{gf ug]{ lg0f{o ;d]t u/]sf] 5 .

        dxf;+3åf/f hf/L pQm jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5–

    g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] a}7s @)^! kmfu'g @* ut] z'qmjf/ ;efklt tf/fgfy bfxfnsf] cWoIftfdf s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf a;L lgDg lg0f{ox? u/]sf] 5M

1. g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] @! cf}+ dxflwj]zg cfufdL @)^@ ;fn a}zfv @) / @! ut] ;DkGg ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] . j}zfv @) ut] -d] #_ ljZj k|]; :jtGqtf lbj;sf lbg dxflwj]zg pb\3f6g sfo{qmd x'g]5 . :yfg kl5 tf]lsg] 5 . dxflwj]zgsf] gf/f k|]; :jtGqtfsf nflu zflGt / k|hftGq x'g]5 .

2. df3 !( ut] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ;+s6sfnn] k|]; tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtf s'l07t kf/]sf], ;Dk"0f{ k|]; hut\ ;]G;/;Lksf] df/df k/]sf] Pj+ dfgjclwsf/ tyf ;Dk"{0f gful/s :jtGqtf lgnDag ul/Pkl5 pTkGg ;+s6af/] uDeL/ 5nkmn u/L ;+s6sfnsf] tTsfn cGTosf] dfu ub}{ k"0f{ k|]; :jtGqtfsf] zL3| axfnLsf nflu dof{lbt Pj+ zflGtk"0f{ ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd cl3 a9fpg] / P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|fKt @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg k"0f{ lqmofzLn geP;Dd k|]; tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] axfnL ;+ej gx'g] x'+bf zL3|fltzL3| pQm ;+ljwfgsf] k"0f{ lqmofzLntfsf] dfu ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

3. r}t # ut]nfO{ cleJolQm :jtGqtf lbj;sf ?kdf dgfpg] / To;lbg ;+s6sfnsf] tTsfn cGTo / k|]; tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] axfnLsf] dfu ub}{ >L % sf] ;/sf/;dIf s]Gb|df k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{nodf / lhNnfx?df k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Ldfkm{t\ 1fkgkq a'emfpg] lg0f{o u¥of] . ;~rf/ ;Da4 cGo ;+:yfx? Pj+ k|]; tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtf kIfw/ ;a}nfO{ ;f]xL lbg Jofks?kdf To:tf] 1fkgkq k7fpg ckLn ug{] klg lg0f{o u¥of] . r}t & ut] ;+s6sfn / k|]; :jtGqtfsf] jt{dfg cj:yfsf af/]df …k|]; :jtGqtfsf nflu zflGt / k|hftGqÚ zLif{sdf ;~rf/ ;Da4 ;+3–;+:yf tyf cGo k|fl1s Pj+ k]zfut ;+:yfx?sf] Jofks ;xeflutfdf b]zJofkL cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] . r}t !^ ut] dxf;+3 :yfkgfsf] %) jif{ k|j]z k|f/De ePsf] P]ltxfl;s cj;/nfO{ :j0f{ jif{sf] cf/De lbgsf ?kdf ljljw sfo{qmd;fy k]|; tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtfsf] jxfnLsf nlu Pp6f dof{lbt cfGbf]ngs} ?kdf s]lGb|t u/]/ dgfpg] lg0f{o u¥of] . o;kl5sf lbgx?df k|]; :jtGqtfsf] k"0f{ axfnL geP;Dd ;DalGwt ;+3 ;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf lg/Gt/?kdf 5nkmn Pj+ cGt/lqmof ;~rfng ul//xg] lg0f{o u¥of] . k|]; :jtGqtfsf nflu zflGt / k|hftGq eGg] gf/fnfO{ r}t ! ut]b]lv pRr k|fyldstfsf;fy k|sfzg tyf k|zf/0f ug{ ;~rf/ dfWodx?;+u cg'/f]w ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

4. k|]; :jtGqtfsf] jt{dfg l:yltsf] :ynut?kdf cg'udg ug{ dxf;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf Ps k|ltlglw, k|]; :jtGqtf ;]gfgL, jl/i7 ;~rf/sdL{, dfgjclwsf/jfbL / sfg'gljb\ ;lDdlnt Ps pRr:t/Lo l:ylt cg'udg 6f]nL b]zsf kf+r} ljsf; If]qdf oyfzL3| e|d0fdf k7fpg] lg0f{o u¥of] .

5. k|]; :jtGqtfsf] zL3| k"0f{ axfnLsf nflu bafa l;h{gf ug{, k|]; tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtf kIfw/ ;a} ;+3–;+:yfsf] a[xt\ Pstfsf nflu ckLn ug]{ / dxf;+3sf] g]t[Tjdf ;~rf/ ;Da4 ;+:yfx?sf] ;xeflutfdf Pp6f a[xt\ PnfoG; lgdf{0f ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

6. dxf;+3 kf+ry/ zfvf ;efklt njb]j 9'+ufgf, 88]Nw'/fsf 8Lcf/ kGt, ;Kt/Lsf dgf]x/ kf]v/]n, ch{'gk|;fb zfxnufot ;'/Iff lgoGq0fdf /flvPsf ;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x?nfO{ tTsfn l/xf ug{, k|zf;g;dIf aofg tyf tfl/vdf /flvPsfx?nfO{ To;f] gug{, kqsf/dflysf] lgu/fgL / wDsL nufot k]zfut wd{ lgjf{xdf cj/f]w x'g] s'g} klg vfnsf sfo{ Pj+ lnlvt tyf df}lvs cfb]zaf6 clw/fHosf ljleGg 7fp+df kqklqsfsf] k|sfzgdf nufOPsf] /f]s tTsfn km's'jf ug{ ;/sf/sf ;DalGwt lgsfo;+u k'gM cfu|x ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

7. ljZjJofkL dfGotfljk/Lt PkmPd :6];gx?nfO{ ;dfrf/ tyf ;dfrf/d"ns sfo{qmd k|;f/0fdf /f]s nufOPsf a]nf ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf PstkmL{ ;"rgf k|;f/0f ug{ PkmPd :6]zgx?nfO{ afWo u/L k|f]kf]u08f d]l;g/L agfpg vf]h]sf]df o;sf] 3f]/ eT;{gf ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] . ;fy}, PkmPd :6];gx?nfO{ ljBdfg k|;f/0f P]g / ljZjJofkL dfGotfcg'?k ;dfrf/ tyf ;"rgfd"ns sfo{qmd k|;f/0f ug{ lbg hf]8bf/ dfu ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] . o;/L ;dfrf/ k|;f/0fdf /f]s nufOPkl5 k|;f/0f ;+:yfx?af6 x6fOPsf kqsf/x?sf] k'gj{xfnLsf] lglDt ;~rfnsx?;+u cg'/f]w ug]{ / /f]huf/ u'dfPsf kqsf/x?nfO{ kqsfl/tf k]zfaf6 knfog x'gaf6 hf]ufpg / hLljsfd} ;+s6 cfpg glbg cg';Gwfgj[lQ -km]nf]l;k_ tyf cGo cg';Gwfg sfo{, 6Ld l/kf]l6{ª, ;|f]t JolQmsf ?kdf pkof]uh:tf hf] ;+ej ljsNksf] vf]hL ug{ dxf;+3 lqmofzLn 5 . o; sfo{df ;xof]u ug{ dxf;+3 ;~rf/ ;Da4 tyf cGo ;DalGwt ;+:yfx?;+u xflb{s cfx\jfg ub{5 . ;+s6sf] of] cj:yfdf xtf]T;flxt eO{ k]zfaf6} knfog geO{ ;fd"lxs?kdf r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf u/L k]zfdf cl8u /lx/xg kqsf/ ;fyLx?nfO{ cfu|x klg ub{5 .
   

8. /f]huf/ u'dfPsf, lx/f;t jf h]ndf aGbL agfOPsf tyf cGo kLl8t kqsf/x?nfO{ dxf;+3sf] tkm{af6 lgMz'Ns sfg'gL ;xfotf k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

9. ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf ;~rf/dfWodx?nfO{ hgcfGbf]ngkl5sf pknlAwx?nfO{ lg:t]h kfg]{ / k|hftGqsf] wHhL p8fpg hyfefjL b'?kof]u ul//x]sf]k|lt uDeL/ lrGtf / eT;{gf ug]{ tyf o:tf] b'?kof]u tTsfn /f]Sg ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

10. df3 !( nuQ} ;'? ePsf] ;+s6sfnkl5 k|]; tyf cleJolQm :jtGqtf, rsf]{ ;]G;/;Lk / dfgjclwsf/;lxtsf ;Dk"0f{ gful/s clwsf/ ;+s6df k/]sf] uDeL/ cj:yfdf pRr:t/Lo ld;g k7fO{ g]kfnL k|];sf] l:ylt tyf dfgjclwsf/sf] cj:yf :ynut cWoog u/L ljZjsf r]tgzLn ;d'bfonfO{ :ki6 lrq k|:t't u/L cToGt dxTjk"0f{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf]df cGt/f{li6|o kqsf/ dxf;+3sf cWoIf lqm:6f]km/ jf/]g / blIf0f Pl;ofsf ;+of]hs nIdLd"lt{ tyf PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgnsf dxf;lrj cfOl/g vfgsf ;fy} cf–cfkm\gf k|ltlglw k7fO{ ;xof]u ug]{ ;+3–;+:yf / k|ltlglwx?k|lt xflb{s s[t1tf Pj+ wGojfb 1fkg u¥of] . ;fy} sld6L 6' k|f]6]S6 hgf{ln:6, l/kf]6;{ ljbfp6 af]8;{, cfOkm]S;, OG6/g]zgn k|]; OlG:6Ro'6, ;fkm\dfnufot ;Dk"0f{ :jb]zL Pj+ ljb]zL ;xof]uL ;+3–;+:yfx?k|lt xflb{s wGojfb JoQm ub}{ eljiodf klg o; lsl;dsf] P]Soa4tf /lx/xg] ljZjf; JoQm u¥of] . ;fy} ;+s6sfn nuQ} lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf kqsf/x?sf] d'lQmsf nflu lgMz'Ns sfg'gL ;xfotf pknAw u/fPsf]df g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;P;gk|lt xflb{s s[t1tf Pj+ wGojfb 1fkg u¥of] .

11. ;/sf/L lj1fkgsf] ;dfg'kflts ljt/0f gLltdf s'g} klg axfgfaf6 k'g/fjnf]sg gug{, lglZrt kqklqsfnfO{ nlIft u/L nf]ssNof0fsf/L lj1fkgdf gfsfaGbL ug]{ sfo{ gug{ tyf To; lsl;dsf] lj1fkgsf] /sd ;xh / ;'ne?kdf e'QmfgLsf] zL3| Joj:yf ug{ dfu ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

12. >L % sf] ;/sf/n] kqsf/ sNof0f sf]if, åGåkLl8t kqsf/ sNof0f sf]if tyf dxf;+3sf zfvf sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f ;xof]u afkt pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{o ePsf] /sd oyfzL3| lgsf;f ug{ dfu ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

13. ;+s6sfn axfn /x]sf cj:yfdf k|]; tyf ;~rf/;+u ;DalGwt sfg'gx?sf] ;+zf]wg ug]{ / gof+ P]g sfg'g hf/L u/L k|];nfO{ cem s7f]/?kdf ;Lldt ug]{ k|oTg eO/x]sf] a'lemPsfn] hgk|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yf k|ltlglw;ef cl:tTjdf gcfP;Dd To;k|sf/sf s'g} ;+zf]wg jf gof+ P]g hf/L gug{ ;/sf/;+u hf]8bf/ dfu ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

14. dxf;+3sf tLgj6f zfvfx? l;Gw'nL, ;nf{xL / ;'g;/Ldf pTkGg ;+u7g;DaGwL ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ sf]iffWoIf lzj ufp+n] / s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s]bf/ e§/fO{ /x]sf] b'O{ ;b:oLo sfo{bn u7g ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

;dfrf/ ljZn]if0f

/fhgLlts bnx?nfO{ km'6fpg] v]n hf/L

       dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bjfbLx?sf aLrdf dfq xf]Og ;+;bjfbLx?aLrd} ;d]t PsLs[t / ;zQm cfGbf]ng x'g glbg b/af/n] v]ln/x]sf] 5 . ;a} ;+;bjfbL /fhgLlts bnnfO{ Ps} k6s k|xf/sf] lgzfgf agfP klg ljz]ifu/L lul/hf sf]O/fnfn] g]t[Tj u/]sf] g]kfnL sf+u|]; / Pstf s]Gb|–d;fndWo] Pstf s]Gb|nfO{ b/af/n] clxn] k|xf/sf] k|d'v lgzfgf agfPsf] :ki6 b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_, Pdfn], d;fn, g]dlskf kIfw/x?nfO{ klg zfxL ;Qfn] w/ks8 t u/]sf] 5 t/ pgLx?sf] ;fk]Iftfdf sd g}  5 . tL kf6L{sf b/af/sf k|lt s8f ?v ckgfpg]x?nfO{ eg] zfxL ;Qf s8f ?kd} k|:t't ePsf] 5 . ljutsf s6' cg'ejnfO{ e'n]/ lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf lj?4 dfcf]jfbL;“u ;+o'Qm eP/ hfg'kg{] cfjfh ;+;bLo kf6L{x?df hah{:t pl7/x]sf]n] To;sf] lj/f]w ug{] g]tfx?nfO{ gh/aGb / lx/f;taf6} n]v n]Vg / cGtjf{tf{ lbg] ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . hals sf+u|];df b/af/sf k|lt s8f 9+un] k|:t't x'g] lul/hf sf]O/fnf, g/xl/ cfrfo{ h:tf g]tfx?nfO{ cfkm\g} kl/jf/nfO{ ;d]t e]63f6 ug{af6 al~rt ul/Psf] 5 . olt;Dd ls dfcf]jfbLsf lj?4 n]Vg] / af]Ng] sltko g]tfx?nfO{ b/af/n] ef/t k|j]zsf lglDt ;xh l:ylt agfOlbPsf] rrf{ clxn] JofKt 5 .

        df3 !( ut]sf] 36gfqmdkl5 g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ aLrsf] PsLs/0fsf] ;DefjgfnfO{ t'xfpg klg b/af/ sl:;P/ nfu]sf] atfOG5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];df ljv08g u/fpg z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ k|of]u ub{} cfPsf] b/af/n] g]sf / k|hftflGqsaLrsf] PsLs/0fnfO{ /f]Sg z]/axfb'/nfO{ gh/aGbaf6 5f8]sf] x'g;Sg c8\sn sf+u|];Lx?n] ul//xsf 5g\ . gh/aGb d'Qm ePkl5 b]pjfn] g]=sf / k|hftflGqs aLrsf] Pstfsf] kIfdf af]n] klg pgnfO{ Pstfdf cQf] yfKg / ef“8\g 5fl8Psf] x'g;Sg] ;+efjgf 5 . df3 !( ut]sf] /fHosf] 3f]/ k|ltudgsf/L sbdkl5 b]pjfsf] kf6L{ / Pdfn] ;+o'Qm ;8s ;+3if{df cfP klg klxNnf] l:ylt;Dd pgLx?n] b/af/sf] ;}gLsLs/0fnfO{ d2t g} k'¥ofPsf lyP . To;}n] km]l/ pgLx? b/af/sf] uf]6L aGg] x'g ls eGg] z+sf ;+;bjfbL v]dfdf JofKt 5 . Pdfn]n] dfcf]jfbLsf] lj?4 s8f eP/ k|:t't x'g' / cem ljz]if u/L df]bgfy k|l>tsf] sflGtk'/sf] kl5Nnf] n]vdf /fhf;“u ldn]/ hfg'k5{ eGg] cleJolQmn] z+sf ug{]x?nfO{ yk an k'¥ofPsf] 5 . b/af/sf] km'6fp / zf;g u/sf] k'/fgf] gLltaf6 ca ;+;bjfbL zlQmx? d'Qm x'g] x'g ls xf]Ogg Tof] eg] lgs6 eljiodf b]lvg]5 .