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zfxL k|ltudg / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] k|Zg

afa'/fd e6/fO{

cfkm\gf] ;'k|l;4 /rgf æn'O{ jf]gfkf]{sf] c7f/f}+ j|'d]o/Æ df x]u]nnfO{ pb\w[t ub}{ sfn{ dfS;{n] eGg' ePsf] lyof]–… o:tf] k|tLt x'G5 ls ljZj Oltxf;sf ;a} 36gf / kfqx? b'Orf]l6 k}bf x'G5g\ . =======klxnf]rf]l6 qf;bLsf]?kdf / bf];|f]rf]l6 xf:o+kfqsf]?kdf .Ú To;} qmddf jxf+n] dxfg\ k|mfG;]nL k"+lhjfbL hgjfbL qmflGtsf] klxnf] u0ftGqsf] sfndf sfsf g]kf]lnog jf]gfkf]6{ / bf];|f] u0ftGqsf] sfndf elthf n'O jf]gfkf]6{ …gof+ afbzfxÚ sf] ?kdf hGd]sf] 36gfsf] t'ngf ug'{ePsf] lyof] . lgZro g} Tof] Jo+UofTds cy{df lyof] .

g]kfnL Oltxf;df klg clxn] Tolx x]u]njfbL 4GbfTds lgodsf] k'g/fj[lQ e}/x]sf] k|tLt x'G5 . cyf{t @))& ;fn kl5sf] klxnf] ;Lldt ;+;bLo k|hftflGqs sfnsf] cGTo u/]/ @)!& ;fn kf}if ! ut] afa' dx]Gb|n] zfxL ;}lgs …s"Ú dfkm{t ;Dk"0f{ ;Qf cfkm\gf] xftdf lnPsf lyP eg] @)$& kl5sf] bf];|f] ;+;bLo sfnsf] cGTo u/]/ 5f]/f 1fg]Gb|n] @)^! df3 !( ut] csf]{ zfxL ;}lgs …s"Ú dfkm{t ;Dk"0f{ ;Qf cfkm\gf] xftdf lnPsf 5g\ . To;f] t a'em\g]x?sf lglDt -cyjf a'em]/ a'em gkrfpg]x?sf lglDt_ clxn]sf] df3 !( ut]sf] 36gf @)%* h]7 !( ut]sf] 36gfsf] lg/Gt/tf jf k"0f{tf dfq xf] eGg ;lsG5, hlta]nf ;fk]If?kn] sdhf]/ / pbf/ /fhf jL]/]Gb|sf] j+zgfz u/]/ 1fg]Gb|n] gof+ j+zsf] z'?jft u/]sf lyP . o;/L k|mfG;]nL Oltxf;sf] …c7f/f}+ j|'d]o/Ú s} b]vfl;sL ub}{ g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] …pGgfO; ut]Ú cfPsf] k|tLt x'G5 h'g slt …qf;bLk"0f{Ú jf …xf:ok"0f{Ú x'g]5 kv]{/ x]g'{kg]{ x'G5 .

zfxL k|ltudgsf] cy{ / cf}lrTo

df3 !( ut] k'/fgf] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf] ;Dk"0f{ zlQm cfkm\gf] xftdf s]lGb|t ug]{ qmddf hf/L u/]sf] …zfxL 3f]if0ffÚ nufot To;kl5sf cfkm\gf ;a} cleJolQmx?Dff 1fg]Gb|n] af/Daf/ hf]8 lbg] u/]sf 5g\ ls of] sbd b]zdf ljBdfg …cft+sjfbÚ sf] cGTo u/]/ zflGt :yfkgf ug]{ / …ax'blno k|hftGqÚnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{ p4]Zon] lglZrt cjlw -cyf{t\ tLg jif{_–sfnflu dfq rflnPsf] afWofTds sbd xf] . kmfu'g !# ut] b]zsf 5flgPsf s]xL jl/i7 kqsf/x?;+usf] e]6jftf{df pgn] cfkm'nfO{ …k|hftGqÚ sf] ;+/Ifssf] ?kdf k|:t't ug{ ljz]if hf]8 ub}{ ;a} /fhg}lts kf6L{ / cGt/f{li6«o zlQmx?;+u cfkm\gf] …cft+sjfb lj/f]wLÚ cleofgdf ;fy lbg cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . o;l/ cd]l/sL /fi6«klt hh{ a'zsf] b]vfl;sL ub}{ pgn] cfkm'nfO{ o; blIf0f PlzofnL If]qs} c;nL …cft+sjfbÚ lj/f]wL dl;xfsf]?kdf pEofP/ cfkm\gf] lg/+s'z kmf}hL zf;gnfO{ ;a}n] j}wtf lbg'kg]{ ofrgf u/]sf 5g\ /

k/Gt' k+rfotsfnb]lv g} …e"ldut lu/f]xsf] gfOs]Ú sf] gfdn] b/jf/leqsf] klg cg'bf/ v]dfsf] k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf s'Voft / gf/fo0flx6Lsf08kl5 …efOdf/fÚ sf] ?kdf cfd hg;d'bfodf ;d]t abgfd 1fg]Gb|sf] o:tf] ;:tf] /fhg}lts rfnafhLsf] kbf{ qmdzM Rofltb} u}/x]sf] 5 . vfzu/L pgn] k+rfotsfnsf abgfd cg'bf/ r]x/fx? t'n;L lu/L / sLlt{lglw lji6nfO{ cfkm\gf k|d'v /fhg}lts ;xof]uLsf ?kdf cl3 ;f/]kl5 / slyt cfkftsfnsf] gfp+df hgtfsf ;a} ;Lldt k|hftflGqs clwsf/x?nfO{ ckx/0f u/]kl5 pgsf] lg/+s'z zfxL kmf;LjfbL rl/qnfO{ lrGg ;a}nfO{ ;lhnf] k/]sf] 5 . pgn] hlt;'s} …ax'blno k|hftGqÚ / …;+j}wflgs /fhtGqÚ sf] /6 nufP klg pgsf clxn];Ddsf ;a} sbdx? pgsf afa' dx]Gb|n] )!& ;fn kf}if ! ut]b]lv qmlds?kdf rfNb} uPsf lg/+s'z k+rfotLsfnsf sbdx?;+u x'ax' ldNbfh'Nbf k|s[ltsf 5g\ / To; cy{df df3 !( ut] kl5 b]zdf lg/+s'z /fhtGqfTds kmf}hL clwgfosjfb k"0f{?kdf :yflkt e};s]sf] 5 eGg] s'/fdf ;a} ;r]t hg;d'bfo / /fhg}lts zlQmx? aLrdf s'g} e|d 5}g / /xg' x'Gg .

km]l/ klg k|Zg p7\g' :jfefljs 5– ljz]iftM @)$& kl5 :yflkt ePsf] ;Lldt j'h'{jf k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] olt ;xh} cGTo eP/ lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] k"g:yf{kgf s;l/ x'g;Sof] < clg Oltxf;sf] kf+u|f] :jfefljs9+un] klg cl3 a9\g' kg]{df lsg kl5 kmls{/x]5 < oL k|Zgsf] pQ/ e]§fpg xfdLn] ;dfh ljsf; k|lqmofsf] lgodnfO{ j}1flgs / j:t'jfbL 9+un] a'em\g'kg]{ x'G5 / @)$& kl5sf] ;Lldt j'h'{jf k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf sdhf]/L / ;Ldfx?nfO{ /fd|/L d"Nof+sg ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;j{k|yd xfdL s] s'/f /fd|/L a'em\g'kb{5 eg] s'g} klg ;dfhsf] ljsf;sf] d'Vo rfnszlQm eg]sf] ;dfhdf lg/Gt/ rln/xg] ju{;+3if{ g} xf] . cw{–;fdGtL / cw{–cf}klgj]l;s cj:yfdf /x]sf] jt{dfg g]kfnL ;dfh Pp6f jx'jlu{o ;dfh xf] / To;df d'Vo ?kdf ;fdGt ju{, k'+lhklt ju{ / ;j{xf/f ju{ cfk;df 6Ss/fO/x]sf 5g\ . oL tLgj6} d'Vo ju{x?sf cf–cfkm\gf ;xof]uL cGo ju{x? klg 5g\ . h:t}, ;fdGtju{sf] ;fydf bnfn tyf gf]s/zfxL k'+lhklt ju{ 5≤ ;fgf] tyf sdhf]/ k'+lhklt ju{sf] ;fydf u|fdL0f tyf zx/Lof lgDg–k'+lhklt ju{ / -ls;fg;d]t_ 5≤ / ;j{xf/f ju{sf] ;fydf 7"nf] ;+Vofdf u/La ls;fg / cw{–;j{xf/fju{ 5 . of] d"ntM lq–sf]0fLo ju{;+3if{ vfzul/ @)%@ ;fndf ;j{xf/fju{sf] g]t[Tjdf ;z:q hgo'4 z'?eP otf qmdzM l4–sf]0fLo aGb} u}/x]sf] 5 . cyf{t\ ju{;+3if{ / ;dfh ljsf;sf] cfd lgod cg';f/ k/hLlj k|ltlqmofjfbL ju{x? cfkm'dWo]sf] ;aeGbf alnof] / ;Ifd ju{sf] g]t[Tjdf Psfkl§ w|'ljs[t x'+b} u}/x]sf 5g\ eg] >dhLlj / k|ultlzn ju{x? ;a}eGbf cu|0fL ;j{xf/fju{sf] g]t[Tjdf csf]{ kl§ w|'ljs[t e}/x]sf 5g\ . k|ltlqmofjfbL ju{x?dWo] g]kfndf ;fdGt tyf bnfn / gf]s/zfxL k'+lhkltju{sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ /fhtGq g} P]ltxfl;s ?kn] ;aeGbf alnof] / ;Ifd 7xl/Psfn] clxn] gf} jif{sf] qmflGtsf/L hgo'4af6 ;aeGbf lynlynf] ePsf tL ju{x? k'gM Psk6s /fhtGqs} 5fxf/L d'lg uf]naGb x'g] k|oTg ul//x]sf 5g\ . jlu{o lx;fan] jt{dfg zfxL k|ltudg cyf{t lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] k"g:yf{kgfsf] cy{ / cf}lrTo olx xf] . ;j{xf/fju{sf] g]t[Tjdf k|ultlzn ju{x? hlt hlt cu|udgdf nfU5g\ ToxL ;fk]Iftfdf k|ltlqmofjfbL ju{x? /fhtGqsf] g]t[Tjdf k|ltudg tkm{ pGd'v x'g' ;dfh ljsf;sf] 4GbjfbL lgod cg'?k laNs'n :jefljs s'/f xf] .

bf];|f] s'/f, /fhg}lts lx;fan] @)$& df :yflkt j'h'{jf ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf ;Ldf / sdhf]/L tyf cfd ?kdf dWojtL{ ju{ / zlQmx?sf] sdhf]/ l:yltsf sf/0fn] klg ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbL k|ltudgsf] lglDt j:t'ut cfwf/ tof/ ePsf] P]ltxfl;s tYonfO{ ;a}n] :jLsfg'{ kg]{ x'G5 . vfzu/L g]kfnsf :yflkt ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?sf] cfkm\gf] 5'§} alnof] jlu{o cfwf/ gx'g' plgx?n] ;fdGt / gf]s/zfxL k'+lhklt ju{b]lv lgDg–k'+lhklt ju{;Ddsf] lvr8L jlu{o w/ftndf pleP/ xd]zf 9'nd'n] / ;Demf}tf k/:t /fhg}lts c8fg lng] ug'{n] k/Dk/fut ;fdGtL ;DklQ–;DaGw / ;+:s[lt tyf d'Vo ?kdf zfxL ;]gfsf] cf8 kfPsf] /fhtGqn] plgx?nfO{ xd]zf la/fnf]n] d';fnfO{ v]nfP h:tf] v]nfO/xg] l:ylt alg/x\of] . cem} 7f];?kdf eGg' kbf{ @)$& sf] hgcfGbf]ng / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf cGt/lglxt q'6Lsf sf/0fn] ubf{ j'h'{jf k|hftGqsf] cfwf/e't k|Zg …;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|ZgÚ dfly xd]zf cGof]n sfod} /lx/x\of] / Jojxf/tM k/Dk/fut ?kdf …/fhsLo clwsf/Ú sf] bfaL ug]{ / zfxL ;]gfdfly Psflwsf/ sfod ub}{ cfPsf] /fhtGqn] qmdzM ;+;b / ;+ljwfgnfO{ lgn]/ cfkm\gf] lg/+s'ztfjfbL >]i7tf ;flat ug]{ df}sf k|fKt u¥of] . ;fy} cfkm\gf] c:ki6 / 9'nd'n juL{o c8fg / b[li6sf]0fsf sf/0fn] ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?n] cfkm\gf] !@ jif]{ zf;gsfndf ;dfhdf ljBdfg k'/fgf] ;fdGtL tyf gf]s/zfxL k'+lhklt cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts ;DaGwnfO{ k|ultzLn9+un] ?kfGt/0f ug]{ s'g} k|efjsf/L sbd rfn]gg\ / kl5Nnf] r/0fdf qmflGtsf/L hgo'4sf] ljsf;;+u;+u} pgLx?sf] juL{o / /fhg}lts w/ftn emg\emg\ sdhf]/ aGb} uof] . kmn:j?k @)$& ;fnsf] kl/jt{gkl5 ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?nfO{ ;fy lb+b} cfPsf] ;dfhsf] pkNnf] ju{ k'gM /fhtGq kl§ g} kms{g yfNof] eg] tNnf] / dWod ju{sf] Pp6f lx:;f qmflGtsf/L hgo'4sf] lsQfdf uf]naGb x'+b} uof] . ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?sf] o:tf] csd{0otf, 9'nd'nkg / qmlds IfoLs/0fsf] sf/0fklg k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfdfly k'gM Psflwsf/ hdfpg] df}sf /fhtGqnfO{ k|fKt eof] . o;}sf] 7f]; cleJolQm @)%* h]7 !( ut]sf] b/jf/ xTofsf08 / @)%( j}zfv !* ut]s] /fhg}lts k|s/0f x'+b} @)^! df3 !( ut]sf] v'nf zfxL k|ltudgs]f d~rg xf] . ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?sf] of] P]ltxfl;s ;Ldf / sdhf]/LnfO{ ;6Ls 9+un] O+lut ub}{ xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{sf cWoIf s=k|r084f/f hgo'4sf] bzf}+ jif{ k|j]zsf] pknIodf oxL @)^! kmfu'g ! ut] hf/L ul/Psf] ;Gb]zdf elgPsf] 5–æ cGttM df3 !( sf] slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffn] g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf ;'wf/jfbsf] cf}lrTolxgtfnfO{ Ps k6s k'gM k|dfl0ft dfq u/]sf] 5}g clkt' ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?sf] ;fd'lxs lgb|fnfO{ klg e+u ul/lbPsf] 5 .Æ

t];|f] s'/f, kmf}hL lx;fan] lg/+s'z /fhtGqdf k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] s]Gb|Ls/0fnfO{ b]zdf lbgx"+ pTsif{lt/ r'ln+b} uPsf] u[xo'4df clGtd df]rf{ s:g] d/0ff;Gg k|ltlqmofjfbL ju{sf] tTk/tf / tof/Lsf] cy{df klg a'em\g'kg]{ x'G5 . ;j{xf/fju{sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+rflnt qmflGtsf/L hgo'4 ljut gf}+ jif{df Pskl5 csf]{ ljho xfl;n ub}{ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/]kl5 xf]zxjf; u'dfPsf] k|ltlqmofjfbL zf;sju{n] k/Dk/fut ?kdf zfxL ;]gfsf] ;jf]{Rr sdfg ;DxfNb} cfPsf] /fhtGqnfO{ g} k|ToIf ?kdf cufl8 ;f/]/ cfkm\gf] cl:tTj wfGg] clGtd k|of; ug'{ c;Dej / d'v{tfk"0f{ s'/f eP klg c:jfefljs rflx+ xf]Og . vfzu/L ljutdf /fhg}lts sdfg ;+;b / ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?sf] xftdf / jf:tljs kmf}hL sdfg /fhb/jf/sf] xftdf x'+bf cfkm\gf] hGdsfnb]lv g} b/jf/sf] e/f}6] ;]gfsf] ?kdf /x+b} cfPsf] zfxL ;]gfn] qmflGtsf/L hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] lj?4 n8\g] qmddf nHhf:kb xf/ l;jfo s]xL xft gnfPsf]af/] k'/fgf] ;Qfleq}af6 l6sfl6Kk0fL x'g] u/]sf] xf] . To;}n] cfkm\g} bfHo"sf] j+zgfz u/]/ ;Qf;Lg ePsf dxTjfsf+IfL /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] zfxL ;]gfsf] ;Dk"0f{ sdfg cfkm}n] ;Dxfn]/ cfkm\gf] d/0ff;Gg ju{sf] /Iffsf] lglDt pBt x'g vf]Hg' ;xh} a'em\g ;lsg] s'/f xf] . k/Gt' s'g} klg ;]gfsf] o'4 Ifdtf s'g} sdf08/sf] dgf]ut rfxgf jf Ifdtfdf lge{/ geP/ pQm ;]gfsf] ;fdflhs juL{o cfwf/ / /fhg}lts nIodf d"ntM lge{/ x'G5 eGg] j}1flgs dfGotf cg';f/ ;fdGtL e/f}6] zfxL ;]gfsf] ;j{gfz l9nf] jf rf+8f] ckl/xfo{ 5 / 1fg]Gb|sf] clxn]sf] ;kgf eo+s/ b'M:jKgdf ablng] lglZrt 5 .

cGt/f{li6«o zlQmx?sf] e"ldsf

jt{dfg ;fd|fHojfbL e"d08nLs/0fsf] o'udf s'g} klg b]zsf] /fhg}lts 36gfqmdsf] cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw / dxTj klxn] ;w+} eGbf lgs} a9L x'g' :jfefljs x'G5 . To;}n] df3 !( ut]sf] zfxL k|ltudgn] klg ljZjJofkL rrf{ kfPsf] 5 / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3 / PSnf] clt–dxfzlQm cd]l/sfb]lv o"/f]k]nL ;+3, j]nfot, ef/t, rLgnufot ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] k|ltlqmof ;fj{hlgs ul/;s]sf 5g\ . k/Gt' ;'vb cfZro{sf] s'/f s] 5 eg] s'g} klg dxTjk"0f{ / zlQmzfnL b]z jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfn] 1fg]Gb|sf] of] k|ltudgsf/L sbdsf] cfh;Dd v'n]/ ;dy{g u/]sf 5}gg\ . Tolt dfq xf]Og ljutdf g]kfnL k|ltlqmofjfbL /fHo;QfnfO{ d'Vo ;xof]u / ;dy{g ub}{ cfPsf cd]l/sf, j]nfot, ef/t / o"/f]k]nL ;+3n] of] sbdsf] v'n]/} lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ eg] rLg, ?;, kfls:tfg, a+unfb]z cflbn] g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnf eg]/ l6Kk0fL ug{ OGsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . ljz]iftM d'Vo ;}lgs ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf ef/t / j]nfotn] ;}Go ;xfotf :yug u/]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ eg] 8]gdfs{nufotsf o"/f]k]nL ;+3sf b]zx?n] cfly{s ;xfotf /f]s]sf] jf /f]Sg] atfPsf 5g\ . To;/L g} PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgn, xo"dg /fO6 jfr cflb cGt/f{li6«o dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] klg zfxL ;Qfsf] bdgsf/L gLltsf] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L zfxL k|ltudgsf/L ;Qf cGt/f{li6«o ;dbfoaf6 k'/} cnuynu x'g k'u]sf] 5, h'g g]kfnL hgjfbL cfGbf]ngsf] lglDt 7"nf] z'e;+s]t xf] .

k/Gt' 1fg]Gb|sf] kmf}hL clwgfosjfbL ;Qfn] Psflt/ cfkm\gf] k|ltudgsf/L sbd …cft+sjfbÚsf] cGTo ug{ kl/nlIot /x]sf] atfP/ cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfoaf6 ;xof]u / ;dy{gsf] eLv dflu/x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{ ef/t / rLgsf] aLrdf /x]sf] b]zsf] ljlzi7 e"–/fhg}lts l:yltsf] bf]xg u/]/ cfkm\gf] kmfl;i6 ;QfnfO{ Pp6f jf csf]{ l5d]sLsf] ;dy{g k|fKt ug]{ hdsf]{ ul//x]sf] 5 . vfzu/L ;d;fdlos t];|f] ljZjsf ;a} k|ltlqmofjfbL zf;sx?n] ;kmntfsf ;fy k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf oL b'j} /fhg}lts sf8{x?n] eljiodf s:tf] k|ltkmn Nofpnfg kv]{/ x]g{ af+sL g} 5, t}klg clxn];Ddsf] ljsf;qmdnfO{ x]bf{ ltgn] vf;} ;kmntf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] b]lvGg . cfkm}+ bfHo"sf] j+zgfz u/]/ u2L xTofpg] / df3 !( sf] sbdkl5 hgtfsf ;a} /fhg}lts / df}lns clwsf/ xgg u/]/ b]ze/ kmf}hL cft+s dRrfpg]n] …cft+sjfbÚ sf] lj/f]wsf] s'/f ug'{ 7"nf] kfv08 / lgs[i6 dhfs x'g] s'/f cGt/f{li6«o hg;d'bfon] ;xh} ga'em\g] k|Zg} 5}g . ;fy} nfvf}+ s/f}8f}+ hg;d'bfosf] dgdlitis lhTg ;kmn dxfg\ qmflGtsf/L hgo'4nfO{ 1fg]Gb| h:tf] ;fdGtL xTof/fn] …cft+sjfbÚ eGb}df cGt/f{li6«o hg;d'bfon] kTofOxfNg] l:ylt 5+b}5g\ . t}klg ju{–ljeflht ;dfhsf ;a} d"NodfGotf ju{–:jfy{df cfwfl/t x'g] ePsfn] sltko b]zx?sf k|ltlqmofjfbL zf;sx?n] cGttM 1fg]Gb|nfO{ ;fy lbg;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ Vofn /fVb} qmflGtsf/Lx?n] cfkm\gf] cGt/f{li6«o sfd / k|rf/–sfo{ OToflbnfO{ Jojl:yt / tLj| kfg}{k5{ .

hxf+;Dd afa' dx]Gb|n] ;g\ ;f7Lsf] bzssf] zLt–o'4sflng cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:yltaf6 kmfObf p7fPsf] b]vfl;sL ub}{ 5f]/f 1fg]Gb|n] klg d'VotM b]zsf] ljlzi7 e"–/fhg}lts l:yltsf] bf]xg u/]/ kmfObf p7fpg] k|oTg ug]{ k|Zg 5, To;sf] klg ablnPsf] ljZj kl/l:ylt / cGt/f{li6«o zlQm ;Gt"ngsf] cj:yfdf vfz} ;Defjgf b]lvGg . lglZrt ?kdf cd]l/sf / ef/t aLrsf] glhls+bf] ;DaGw / tL b'a} dxTjk"0f{ b]zx?n] jt{dfg 1fg]Gb|sf] sbdnfO{ ;fy glbPsf] l:yltdf zfxL ;Qfn] pQ/L l5d]sL rLgaf6 s]xL kmfObf p7fpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf 5 . To;/L g} k/Dk/fut ?kdf ef/t;+u cGt/lj/f]w /fVg] kfls:tfg / a+unfb]zaf6 klg s]xL xft nufpg ;Sg] x'g;S5 . t/, 1fg]Gb| :jo+sf] sdhf]/ l:ylt / clglZrt eljionfO{ x]/]/ tL l5d]sL b]zx?n] klg ;fdfGo s'6g}lts eGbf c? s'g} 7f]; ef}lts ;xof]u unf{g\ eGg] s'/f kTofpg ufX} 5 . km]l/ klg /0fg}lts b[li6sf]0fn] b'O d'Vo l5d]sL ef/t / rLg;+u ;Gt'lnt ;DaGw sfod ug{ plrt Wofg lb+b} sfo{gLlts b[li6n] rflx+ cfjZostf cg';f/ Ps jf b'a};+u nrstfsf] gLlt ckgfpg qmflGtsf/L b]zeQmx? lxlRsrfpg' x'Gg .

cfkm\gf] juL{o b[li6sf]0f / :jfy{sf sf/0fn] sltko k|d'v cGt/f{li6«o zlQms]Gb|x?n] ljutdf xfdL dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?sf lj?4 /fhf / ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?nfO{ Psh'6 u/fpg k|oTg ub}{ cfO/x]sf]df s]xL ;do otf To;df s]xL pNn]Vo kl/jt{g cfpg' csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ kl/36gf xf] . ljljw sf/0fjz tL zlQmx?n] ljutdf cufNb} cfPsf] slyt :yfoLTjsf] …b'O{ vDafÚ -cyf{t\ /fhf / ;+;bjfbL_ gLltsf] ;§fdf clxn] xfdL qmflGtsf/Lx? ;d]tsf] …tLg vDafÚ gLlt ;fd'Gg] cfpg yfNg' Ps sbd ;sf/fTds cjZo xf] . km]l/ klg b]zsf] j:t'ut cfjZostf / gof+ /fhg}lts zlQm ;Gt"ngn] hGdfPsf] gof+ ;Defjgf / cfjZostf rflx+ lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf lj?4 ;+;bjfbL / qmflGtsf/L hgjfbL zlQmx?sf] Psh'6tf g} xf] . of] gof+ …b'O vDafÚ gLlt lglDt k|d'v cGt/f{li6«o zlQms]Gb|x?sf k'/fgf ck|hftflGqs dfGotf / gLltx?df kl/jt{g Nofpg qmflGtsf/Lx?n] cfjZos kxn ug}{ kb{5 . cWoIf s=k|r08sf] kmfu'g ! ut]sf] ;Gb]zn] Tof] lbzfdf dxTjk"0f{ sbd rfn]sf] s'/f oxf+g]/ ljz]if :d/0fLo 5 .

nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] k|Zg

df3 !( ut]sf] zfxL k|ltudg kl5 cfGtl/s /fhg}lts lx;fan] klg dxTjk"0f{ kl/jt{gsf ;+s]tx? b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . vfzu/L ljutdf nfdf] ;do;Dd /fhfjfbL, ;+;bjfbL / qmflGtsf/L hgjfbL u/L tLg w|'jdf ljeflht cfGtl/s /fhgLlt ca qmdzM /fhfjfbL / nf]stGqjfbL u/L b'O{ lsQfdf w|'jLs[t x'g;Sg] k|jn ;Defjgfx? a9\b} u}/x]sf 5g\ . d'VotM gf/fo0flx6L xTofsf08 kl5sf tLg jif{x?df 1fg]Gb|n] ;+;bjfbL zlQmx? aLrdf km'6 kf/]/ / pgLx?sf ;Qfd'vL sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ g+Uofp+b} nu]/ cfkm\gf] k|ltudgsf] Ph]08fnfO{ dha't kf/]sf] s'/f ca ;a}n] a'em\g] u/L 5n{+u ePsfn] ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?sf g]tf, sfo{stf{ / ;dy{s hg;d'bfodf ;d]t /fhtGq k|lt tLj| cfqmf]z a9]sf] 5 . To;}n] k'/fg} k+rfotL z}nLdf lbgx'+ zfxL k|ltudgsf] ;dy{gdf k|fof]lht jQmJojfhL / h'n';–k|bz{gsf] gf}6+sL d~rg ul/+bf klg Psfw ckjfb afx]s ;+;bjfbL lsQfsf s;}n] clxn];Dd 1fg]Gb|nfO{ v'n]/ ;fy lbPsf] kfOPsf] 5}g . of] k|ltudgsf/L sbdnfO{ b/jfl/of tTjx?n] hlt;'s} …cft+sjfbÚ -cyf{t\ dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?_ sf] lj/f]wdfdfq s]Gb|Lt xf] eg]/ k|rf/ ug{ vf]h] klg of] ;+;bjfbL nufot ;a} vfn] nf]stGqsf] lj/f]wdf xf] eg]/ ;a}n] qmdzM a'em\b} u}/x]sf 5g\ . To;/L g} gful/s ;dfh, ;+rf/sdL{x?, dfgj clwsf/jfbL ;+3–;+:yfx?, k]z]j/ ;+u7gx? cflb ;a}n] g} cfkm'nfO{ of] zfxL k|ltudgsf] lj/f]wdf pEofO/x]sf 5g\ . of] lgZro g} nf]stGqsf] lglDt z'e;+s]t xf] .

k/Gt' zfxL k|ltudgsf] Ps dlxgf lalt;Sbf;Dd nf]stflGqs zlQmx? aLr cfufdL /fhtGq lj/f]wL ;+3if{sf] lglDt s'g} k|efjsf/L gLlt, sfo{qmd jf ;+oGq lgdf{0f x'g g;Sg' rflx+ s]xL lrGtfsf] ljifo cjZo ePsf] 5 . k|ltudgsf/L zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] nuQ} kl5 g]=s=kf=-dfc]fjfbL_ n] tLglbg] …aGbÚ / kGw| lbg] rSsfhfd / gfsfaGbLsf] sfo{qmd cl3 ;f/]/ /fhtGqlj/f]wL ;+3if{nfO{ ult lbg] k|oTg cjZo u¥of] . ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?n] klg ef/tLo k|jf;af6 k|rf/fTds sfo{x? / b]zleq}af6 s]xL ;f+s]lts lj/f]wsf sfo{qmdx? dfkm{t cfkm\gf] pkl:ylt hgfpg] sfd u/] . t/, Psflt/ ;+;bjfbL zlQmx? aLrdf / csf]{lt/ ;+;bjfbL tyf dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx? aLrdf /fhg}lts ;dGjo sfod u/]/ ;femf b'Zdgsf lj?4 h'g rf]l6nf] k|xf/ ;+o'Qm ?kdf s]lGb|t ul/g' kg]{ xf] Tof] cem};Dd x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . ;+;bjfbL zlQmx? dWo] g]kfnL sf+u|]; j[Qaf6 /fhtGqsf] lj/f]wdf hlt ltvf] cfjfh j]nfavt cfpg] u/]sf] 5 TolQ klg cfkm'nfO …jfdk+yLÚ eGg] Pdfn] j[Qaf6 cfPsf] gb]lvg' u+eL/ lrGtfsf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . o;n] @)!& ;fndf em}+ k'gM csf]{ …/fodfemLÚ nfO{ hGd lbg nfu]sf] t xf]Og < eGg] lh1f;f :jefjtM ;j{q pTkGg u/]sf] 5 . k/Gt' @)!& ;fn / @)^! ;fnsf] aLrdf b]zdf y'k|} kfgL dfq geP/ cgGt /utsf] e]n ;d]t au]/ b]zsf] juL{o tyf /fhg}lts zlQm ;Gt'ngdf cfsfzktfnsf] kl/jt{g cfO;s]sf] l:yltdf jfdk+yL jf sf+u|;L j[Qaf6 Psfw …/fodfemLÚ jf …t'n;L lu/L ÷ljZjjGw'x?Ú hGd] klg cgGtM /fhg}lts kf6L{sf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ / g]kfnL hgtfsf] cToflws lx:;f /fhtGqsf] lj/f]w / nf]stGqsf] kIfdf /x]sf] s'/fdf s;}df s'g} l4ljwf /xg' x'Gg . cGt/f{li6«o zlQms]Gb|x? / hgdt ;d]t ;w}+ klxn] eGbf olta]nf /fhtGqsf] lj/f]wdf /x]sf] / emg} dxTjk"0f{ s'/f /fhtGqsf] d'Vo k[i7kf]ifs /x]sf] e/f}6] zfxL ;]gfnfO{ k/f:t ug{ ;Sg] hgtfsf] cfkm\g} hgd'lQm ;]gf ;d]t lgdf{0f e};s]sf] jt{dfg l:yltdf /fhtGqnfO{ ;bfsf] lglDt a9f/]/ nf]stGqnfO{ ;+:yfut / ;'/lIft ug]{ lbzfdf ;a} /fhg}lts zlQmx?sf] Wofg ljz]if?kn] s]lGb|t x'g h?/L 5 .

o;} ;Gbe{df ;+;bjfbL / qmflGtsf/L hgjfbL zlQmx? / cGt/f{li6«o zlQms]Gb|x?nfO{ ;d]t dfGo / kfRo x'g] /fhtGq lj/f]wL nf]stflGqs sfo{qmd / gf/fsf] k|Zg olta]nf c;fWo} 68\sf/f] ag]/ Oltxf;sf] ;+3f/df pleg k'u]sf] 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{n] klxn]b]lv p7fp+b} cfPsf] / clxn] k'gM dxTjsf ;fy cl3 ;f/]sf] t/ a]nfjvt cf]em]ndf kg]{ u/]sf] ;+ljwfg;ef / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] gf/f g} clxn]sf] ;aeGbf pko'Qm / j:t'jfbL ;femf Go"gtd /fhg}lts gf/f xf] eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfU5 . lxhf];Dd ;+;bjfbL zlQmx? cGt/fli6«o zlQms]Gb|x?n] p7fp+b} cfPsf] @)$& sf] ;+ljwfgsf] lqmoflzntf tyf ;+zf]wg / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfsf] gf/f df3 !( ut]sf] 36gfkl5 w]/} k'/fgf] / kZrufdL e};s]sf] 5 . @))& ;fnb]lv @)!& ;fn;Dd x'+b} @)^! ;fn;Dd cfOk'Ubf ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbL /fhtGq / p;sf] e/f}6] zfxL ;]gfsf] k"0f{ lj36g lagf g]kfndf s'g} klg k|sf/sf] nf]stGqsf] :yfoLTjsf] s'g} u'~hfO; 5}g eGg] /fd|/L k'li6 e};s]sf] 5 / o;nfO{ b]zleq / aflx/sf ;a} nf]stflGqs zlQmx?n] 7Ls;+u cfTd;ft ug{ h?/L 5 . ca klg of] jf p axfgfdf abgfd ;fdGtL lg/+s'z /fhtGqnfO{ arfO /fVg] s'/f g]kfnL ;dfhsf] cu|udgsf] j:t'ut cfjZostf ljkl/t t 5+b}5, To;n] b]zdf ljBdfg juL{o tyf /fhg}lts zlQm ;Gt'ngnfO{ 7Ls;+u k|ltlaDjg / ;Daf]wg klg ug{ ;Sb}g .

hxf+;Dd gof+ hgjfbL u0ftGq x'+b} ;dfhjfb / ;fDojfbdf k''Ug] ceLi6 /fVg] xfdL dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] j'h'{jf nf]stflGqs u0ftGqk|lt k|kta4tfsf] s'/f 5, To;af/] s'g} klg ;Rrf nf]stflGqs zlQmx? aLrdf s'g} e|d /xg' kg]{ cfjZostf 5}g . xfd|f] kf6L{sf] lhDd]jf/ g]t[Tj txaf6 To;dfly af/Daf/ k|lta4tf JoQm x'+b} cfO/x]sf] 5 / xfn}sf] cWoIf s=k|r08sf] kmfu'g ! ut]sf] jQmJodf klg To;dfly k'gM hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 . nf]stflGqs u0ftGqnfO{ lgikIf ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj dfkm{t ;+:yfut ug]{ xfd|f] yk k|lta4tfn] klg To;af/] e|d lgjf/0f ug{ ;a}nfO{ d2t ug]{5 . To;/L g} d'Vo ?kdf e/f}6] zfxL ;]gfsf] lj36g kZrft\ lgdf{0f ug]{ gof+ /fli6«o ;]gf / To;qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Joj:yfkg nufotsf nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf /fhg}lts, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts cGt/j:t'sf af/]df ;Da4 kIfx? aLr s'/fsfgL u/]/ 6'+Uofp+b} hfg ;lsG5 . oxf+ d'Vo s'/f b]z / hgtfk|ltsf] pQ/bfloTj / lhDd]jf/ /fhg}lts zlQmx?sf] OR5fzlQm xf] . xfd|f] kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 ljutsf jftf{sfnb]lv g} ltgsf] k|r'/ cleJolQm / cEof; x'+b} cfP/x]sf] 5 / cfufdL cfufdL lbgdf klg x'+b} hfg] lglZrt 5 . o;} qmddf b]zsf k|foM ;a} k|d'v /fhg}lts bnx?sf] ;Rrf nf]stflGqsk|ltsf] k|lta4tf Jojxf/tM k|dfl0ft ug{ pgLx?n] leqL–kf6L{ nf]stGqnfO{ klg hg;d'bfon] b]Vg] / a'em\g] u/L Joj:yfkg / cEof; ug{ ;Sg'k5{ eGg] hg;d'bfosf] a9\bf] cfjfhnfO{ klg ;a} /fhg}lts bnx?n] ;Ddfg ug{ l;Sg}k5{ .

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