sf7df8f}+÷ ;+;f/el/af6 Ps} :j/df olt 7"nf] lj/f]wsf] ;fdgf ljZjd} ;DejtM
klxnf] k6s g]kfnsf] zfxL ;Qfn] ul//x]sf] 5 . df3 !( ut] /fhfsf] k|ltudgsf/L
sbdkl5 ljZjsf cGo d'n'sx? dfq} zfxL ;Qfsf lj?4 cfPsf 5}gg\ ls lxhf] /fhg}lts /
ef}lts ;xof]u ub{} cfPsf cd]l/sL / ef/tLo zf;s klg clxn] zfxL ;Qfsf lj?4 v'n]/
af]ln/x]sf 5g .
s'g} Pp6f b]zsf] zf;ssf] af/]df af]Nbf dt
ljefhg x'g] ljZj clxn] zfxL ;Qfsf] lj?4 PsLs[t x'g'n] ljb]zL cf8 / e/f];fdf
l6s]sf] k'/fgf] ;Qf 7"nf] ;+s6df k/]sf] 5 . rLg / kfls:tfgn] zfxL ;Qfn]
rfn]sf] sbdnfO{ cfGtl/s ljifo eg]/ af]n]]sf]nfO{ g} p;n] 7"nf] /fxt dx;';
u/]/ 7"nf] k|f]kf]uf08fsf] ljifo agfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] zfxL ;QfnfO{ rLg /
kfls:tfgn] ef/t;“u ;DaGw ljufg{] xb;Dd ;xof]u unf{g\ eg]/ elgxfNg;Sg] l:ylt
b]lv+b}g . /fhf dx]Gb|n] lg/+s'z k~rfotL Joj:yf :yfkgf u/]sf] a]nfsf] rLg / ef/tsf]
s6'tf clxn] 5}g . g]kfn;“usf] ;DaGw rLgn] Tolt;Dd dfq /fVnf h;n] ef/tnfO{
lr9fpg] xb;Dd xf]Og . rLgsf] k|wfgdGqLsf] l5§} x'g] elgPsf] g]kfnsf] e|d0fnfO{
:ylut ug{'nfO{ klg To;} cy{df lnOPsf] 5 . g]kfnL zf;snfO{ xltof/ lbg] eg]/ af]n]
klg ef/t;“u clxn] g} 6s/fj df]lnxfNg kfls:tfg klg tof/ b]lv+b}g .
ptf cd]l/sf O/fsdf g/fd|/L km“;]sfn]
g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf ef/tdfkm{t\ cfO/x]sf] 5 . To;}n] clxn] cd]l/sfn] rfx]/ klg
g]kfnL zf;snfO{ 7"nf] ;xof]u ug{;Sg] l:ylt b]lvb}+g . cd]l/sL ljb]zdGqL
sf]08flnhf /fO;sf] xfn}sf] gof“ lbNnLsf] e|d0fdf ef/tnfO{ cufl8 ;f/]/ hfg'n]
klg ToxL s'/fnfO{ cleJoQm ub{5 . oBlk cd]l/sfn] clxn] klg ;+;bjfbL zlQm / /fhfjLr
PsLs[t u/fP/ dfcf]jfbLlj?4 s8f 9¨n] k|:t't x'g'k5{ eg]/ cfkm\gf] ;lqmotf sfod /fVg
eg] 5fl8xfn]sf] 5}g . ef/tLo zf;sx?sf] e"ldsf klg ;+;bjfbL zlQm / /fhfaLr
d]nldnfk u/fP/ dfcf]jfbLlj?4 hfg] g} 5 . t/, ef/tLo hgtfdf /fhfk|lt tLj| 3[0ff,
dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngk|ltsf] cfsif{0f / /fhf :jo+n] klg cfkm\gf] zf;g ;Qfsf]
jfu8f]/nfO{ ;+;bLo zlQm;+u z]o/ ug{ grfx]sf] sf/0fn] ef/tLo zf;sn] ;f]+r]h:tf]
l:ylt cufl8 a9]sf] 5}g . b/af/n] cfkm\gf] x7 t'?Gt} TofluxfNg] / ljb]zLx?n] klg
tTsfn} cfkm\gf] ;f]+rdf k'glj{rf/ ul/xfNg] l:ylt gePsfn] of] cj:yf s]xL ;do;Dd
nlDag] ;Defjgf 5 . d'VotM dfcf]jfbLsf] kmf}hL, u}/kmf}hL ;+3if{n] g} pgLx?sf]
efjL /0fgLlt aGg]5 . dfcf]jfbLn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] r}q @) b]lv r}q #) ut];Ddsf]
P3f/ lbg] cfd x8tfn;lxt r}q dlxgfel/sf] ;+3if{sf] l:yltnfO{ ;a}n] lgs} rf;f]sf ;fy
x]l//x]sf 5g\ . s]xL lbg otfb]lv rn]sf] kf“r ;+;bjfbL zlQmx?sf] b]zJofkL
cfGbf]ngn] klg clxn]sf] kl/l:ylt abNgdf d2t g} ug{]5 .
;a}lt/sf] k|xf/af6 zfxL ;Qfsf ;~rfnsx?
cflQPsf 5g eGg] s'/f ltgsf dGqLx?sf xfn} ul//x]sf c;¨ltk"0f{ cleJolQmn]
klg k|dfl0ft ub{5 . dfcf]jfbL jftf{df gcfPsfn] /fhfn] of] sbd rfn]sf] eg]/
h]g]ef ;Dd]ngdf k//fi6«d+qL /d]zgfy kf08] eG5g eg] pgs} ;/sf/sf pkfWoIf t'n;L
lu/L dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{ ul/b}+g dfq eGb}gg ls ;+;bjfbL zlQmnfO{ klg ckdfg u5{g .
t'n;L lu/Lsf] egfOn] dfcf]jfbL;+u dfq} n8fO“ ug{ xf]Og ls ;Qf Psnf}6L rnfpg] /fhfsf]
pTs6 rfxgfn] g} df3 !( ut] sbd rfn]sf] xf] eGg] s'/fnfO{ k'li6 ub{5 . ;+;bjfbL
zlQmsf] cfGbf]ngn] g} ;+s6sfn nufpg] gnufpg] s'/fsf] lgwf{/0f x'G5 eg]/ zfxL ;Qfsf
;~rf/ d+qLn] JoQm u/]/ ;a}nfO{ j]js'km agfpg vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . df3 !( ut]sf] /fhfsf]
sbdkl5 Ps dlxgfeGbf a9L ;do;Dd ;+;bLo zlQmx?n] cfGbf]ng t u/]sf lyPgg\, cfGbf]ng
gub{} ;+s6sfn nufOPsf] lyof] .
kl5Nnf]
l:yltdf cfP/ a]nfotn] zfxL ;QfnfO{ lbg] eg]/ tof/ u/]sf] k};f /f]Sg', ;+o'Qm
/fi6« ;+3sf] dfgjclwsf/jfbL cfof]usf] k|ltlglw n'O; cfj{/n] h]g]ef ;Dd]ngdf /d]zgfy
kf08]s} ;fd'Gg] zfxL ;Qf g} jftf{ lj/f]wL eg]/ k|dfl0ft ul/lbg', cfO;Lh]sf
dxf;lrj lgsf]n; xfj{gn] zfxL ;Qfn] b]znfO{ eofjx ?kdf nflu/x]sf] eGg'n] klg zfxL
;Qfsf] cGt/f{li6«o ?kdf j[l4 eO/x]sf] gsf/fTds 5ljnfO{ g} phfu/ ub{5 . :jLh/Nof08n]
dfgj clwsf/, k|hftGq nufot d'2fdf b'O{ xKtfleq g;RofPdf g]kfnsf lj?4 cleofg g}
5]8\g] hgfPsf] 5 . hg:t/af6 zfxL ;Qfsf lj?4 ljZjel/ g} cleofg g} rn]sf] 5 .
ljb]zL
zlQmsf] cf8 / e/f];fdf l6s]sf] zfxL ;Qf ljb]zL zlQmsf] lj/f]w / ljz]ifu/L b]zsf]
rsf{] k|lt/f]wsf sf/0f w]/} lbg;Dd cfkm\gf] ofqf rnfpg g;Sg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 .
t/, zfxL ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] zf;g l6sfpg ljb]zLsf ;fd' k"/} cfTd;dk{0f u/]/ b]z
/ hgtfnfO{ cem} s]xL ;do;Dd k|tf8gf lbb}g eGg] cfwf/ d]l6O;s]sf] 5}g . ljb]zL
zf;ssf] zfxL ;Qfsf] lj/f]w g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] lxtnfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ ePsf]
xf]Og .
ef/tdf æg]kfndf nf]stflGqs u0f/fHosf nflu ;+3if{Æ ljifos ljrf/ uf]i7L
ef/t–g]kfn
hgP]Soa4tf d+rsf] r}q ^ ut] lbNnLdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] uf]i7Ldf b]zdf zfxL ;Qfsf
lj?4 / nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] kIfdf PsLs[t eP/ hfg] ;xdlt u/]sf] 5 . zfxL ;Qfn]
df3 !( ut] …s"Ú u/]kl5 b]zsf] /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] lgsf; s;/L lgsfNg] eg]/
j[xt uf]i7L ePsf] of] klxnf] k6s xf] . ljz]if 9+un] cfdGq0f ubf{ klg uf]i7Ldf
d;fn kIf / Pdfn] gcfPsf] cfof]hsn] atfPsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff
;ldlt, g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_, ;befjgf kf6L{, :jtGq
a'l4hLjL nufot 5g\ .
god“
lbNnLsf] cfO=6L=cf]=l:yt /fh]Gb| ;DkGg ePsf] pQm uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hs ;+:yfsf]
cfgGb:j?k jdf{n] cWoIftf ug{' ePsf] lyof] . pQm uf]i7Ldf g]kfnaf6 cfpg' ePsf
g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ sf jl/i7 g]tf k|bLk lu/L, g]sfsL g]t[ ;'hftf sf]O/fnf,
;b\efjgf kf6L{ -cfgGbb]jL_ sf Xbo; lqkf7L, km]8/];g ckm Pglhcf]sf ;efklt ch{'g
sfsL{ Pj+ g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldlt ef/tsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf nId0f kGtnufot
ljleGg ef/tLo efOrf/f kf6L{ tyf ;+u7gsf k|ltlglw ;fy} 8An'cf/lkPdsf] tkm{af6
lk6/ u|f06 ;fy} cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/sf tkm{af6 6sL{sf xn's uu{/ ;d]t uf]i7Ldf
/fVg'ePsf] lyof] .
8An'cf/lkPdsf tkm{af6 lk6/
u|f06n] cfkm" ef/t cfpg'sf] d'Vo p2]Zo ef/tLo zf;sx¿nfO{ bafj l;h{gf ug{'
/x]sf] atfp“b} eGg'eof]–æxfdL s= uf}/j / s= ls/0fnfO{ h]ndf e]6g cfPsf xf}+,
;Dk"0f{ /fhaGbLx¿af/] ;dfrf/ ;+sng ug{ cfPsf xf}+ . To; l;nl;nfdf xfdL
k6gf h]n klg uof}+ hxf“ aGbLx¿nfO{ 3f]/ oftgf lbOPsf] 5 . r]GgO{df s= uf}/j;“u
e]6\gsf] nflu xfdLn] Toxf“sf] k|zf;g;“u eLif0f ;+3if{ ug{'k¥of] . l;nu'8Ldf
s= ls/0fsf] d'2fnfO{ ;jf{]Rr cbfnt tyf k|];;Dd klg k'¥ofof}+ . xfdLnfO{ s= uf}/j
/ s= ls/0f;“u e]6 ug{ lbOPg . s]xL ;do klxn] g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ lbOPsf]
oftgf / s]xL aGbLx¿nfO{ ul/Psf] k|Tofk{0fsf] 3f]/ lgGbf Pj+ lj/f]w k|s6 ug{'eof]
.Æ
6sL{sf dfgjclwsf/jfbL xn's
uu{/n] cfºgf] b]zsf qmflGtsf/L hgtfn] kf7Psf] nfn ;nfdnfO{ k]z ub{} eGg'eof]–æ
6sL{df g]kfndf rln/x]sf] nf]stflGqs u0f/fHosf] ;+3if{sf] Jofks ;dy{g 5 . Toxf“
klg s'lb{z hgtfn] 6sL{sf Gofok|]dL qmflGtsf/L hgtf;“u ldn]/ n8fO ul//x]sf 5g\
. xfdL To;sf] ;dy{g ub{5f}+ . g]kfnL qmflGtsf/L hgtfn] g]kfndf qmflGt ;DkGg ub{}5g\
of] eGbf ;'vsf] s'/f b'lgof“df s]xL klg x'g ;Sb}g .Æ
g]]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_
sf g]tf k|bLk lu/Ln] g]kfndf !(() sf] hg;+3if{af6 k|fKt ar]v'r]sf] hgtGqsf]
km/j/L ! df /fhf 1fg]Gb|åf/f xTof ul/Pkl5 g]kfnsf] nf]stGqsf] ;Da4{gsf] nflu
o:tf ;ef ;Dd]ng x'g' c;fWo} 7"nf] dxTj 5 eGb} cufl8 eGg'eof]–æ;g\ !((!
sf] ;+ljwfgsf] xTof eof] of] s;/L k'glh{ljt x'g ;S5 / < cfh !% xhf/ g]kfnL
hgtfsf] xTof eO;Sbf klg gof“ ;+ljwfg agfpg]af/] s;}n] ;f]Rg g;Sg'sf] k5fl8 s'g
tfutn] sfd u/]sf] 5 <Æ pxf“n] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf g]tfåo s= uf}/j / s=
ls/0f Pj+ k6gf h]ndf aGbL agfOPsf aGbLx¿nfO{ ef/t ;/sf/n] cljnDa l/xf ug{'kg{]
s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] .
csf{ jQmf g]kfn ;b\efjgf
kf6L{ -cfgGbb]jL_ ;d"xsf Xb]oz lqkf7Ln] sfo{qmddf af]Nb} eGg'eof]–æg]kfn
clxn] kl/jt{gsf] ;+3f/df 5 . oltv]/ ;a} kf6L{x¿n] cfºgf ljutsf ;fgfltgf dte]bx¿nfO{
5f]8]/ lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{df 3gLe"t ?kdf nfUg' kb{5 .Æ
g]kfnL hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldlt,
ef/tsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf nId0f kGtn] km/j/L ! sf] zfxL k|ltudgsf/L 36gfn] ;+j}wflgs
/fhtGqsf] ckl/xfo{tfaf/] ;+;bjfbL ldqx¿sf] e|d tf]l8Psf] x'g'kg]{ cfzf ub}{
eGg'eof]–æ;+;bjfbL ldqx¿n] dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ cft+sjfbLsf] gh/n] x]g{' eGbf b/af/
/ hh{a'zn] v]n]sf] cft+sjfbL e"ldsfnfO{ a'‰g] k|oTg ug{'kb{5 . P]ltxfl;s
sfnb]lv g} lx+;fsf] k'hf/L tyf unt lx+;fsf] ;|f]t /fhf /x“b} cfPsf] 5 nvg
yfkfb]lv df]xgrGb| uf}td;Dd zxLb ePsf hgtfn] t zf;sju{åf/f yf]kl/Psf]
cft+sjfbsf k|ltsf/ u/]sf x'g\ . ljut !) jif{df dfl/Psf ( xhf/ hgtf /fHosf]
uf]nLaf6 dfl/P af“sL # xhf/ d'7e]8df dfl/Psf] tYon] lx+;fsf] >f]t /fHo ePsf]
s'/f k'li6 x'G5 . qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] )$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg cw'/f] 5 eg]/ klxn] g}
eg]sf lyP t/ To;nfO{ clxn] dfq ;j{q dx;'; ul/Psf] 5 . b/af/ xTofsf08sf] vngfos
sf] xf] < ;+ljwfg;efsf] d'2fdf ;a}sf] Psdt lsg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g < ;+;bLo
zlQmx¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbL;“u sfo{ut Pstfdf hfg s]n] /f]s]sf] 5 < /fhtGqsf]
5q5fof“df ;+rflnt /fHo;Qf g]kfnsf] ljsf;sf] afws xf] .Æ
jfdkGyL a'l4hLjL xl/ /f]sfn]
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ eGg'eof]–g]kfnsf /fhg}lts bnx¿ /fhtGq lj?4 Psh'6 eP/
gn8]sf] sf/0f g} /fhfn] nfdf] ;do;Dd /fh ul//x]sf] xf] . km/j/L ! sf] 36gfkZrft\
:jb]z tyf ef/tsf ljleGg efux¿df ;d]t zfxL k|ltudglj/f]wL hgk|bz{gx¿ ePsf 5g\ .
/fhtGq lgd{"n x'g'kg{] s'/f ckl/xfo{ 5 t/ o;sf] nflu cem} Ps 8]9 jif{ nfUg
;Sg] s'/f pxf“n] atfpb} cufl8 s;/L a9\g] To;sf] nflu pko'Qm sfo{qmd ;f]Rg'kg{]
cfjZostf k/]sf] 5 . pxf“n] ;+;bjfbL / dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] cGt3{'ng eP/ ;+3if{nfO{
cufl8 a9fPdf /fhtGq l5§} vtd x'g] ljZjf; klg JoQm ug{'eof] . æg]kfnsf] jt{dfg
/fhf 1fg]Gb| /fhgLlts sd / Jofkf/L Hofbf 5 pm k|To]s s'/f gfkmfdf x]g{ cEo:t 5 .
O/fgsf] zfx / ckmuflg:tfgsf] zfxnfO{ h:t} g]kfnsf] zfxnfO{ klg eljiodf g]kfnL
hgtfn] vtd ug{]5g\ . To;sf] nflu /fhg}lts bn / dfcf]jfbL ldn]/ sfo{qmd agfpg'
kb{5 . oltv]/ b/af/ / hgtf jf /fhtGq / u0ftGqaLr w'|jLs/0f x'g] k|lqmof tLj|
ag]sf] 5 . of] ;do eg]sf] 5nf¨ nufpg] ;do xf] . /fhg}lts bnx¿aLr y'k|} leGgtf
cfp“5 / Tof] xfdLdf klg 5 To;}n] xfdL ;+ljwfg;ef dfkm{t\ u0ftGq lgdf{0f ug{
cl3 a9\g' k5{ / xfdL cfk;L 5nkmndf a;]gf}+ eg] leGgtfsf] b'/L cem a9\g ;S5Æ
pxf“n] hf]8 lbg'eof] .
uf]i7Ldf af]Ng] jQmf
km]8/];g ckm Pglhcf]sf ;efklt ch{'g sfsL{n] eGg'eof]–æg]kfndf s:tf] Joj:yf /fVg],
/fhf /fVg] ls g/fVg], g]kfndf s:tf] ;+ljwfg agfpg] o;sf] km};nf g]kfnL hgtfn] g}
ug{ kfpg' k5{ . !(() sf] hg;+3if{nfO{ g]tfx¿n] b/af/;“u ;Demf}tf u/L
6'+UofOlbPsf]n] To;kl5sf Joj:yfn] g]kfnL ;d:ofnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ ;s]g . @#%
jif{b]lvsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ g]kfnL /fHonfO{ ?kfGt/0f ug{' cfjZos 5 / pxf“
eGg'x'G5 of] ;+ljwfg;efaf6 dfq} x'g ;S5 .Æ
ef/tLo sf+u|];sf dy'/fk|;fbn]
g]kfnnfO{ k"0f{ k|hftGq rflxPsf] 5 To;sf] nflu ;xof]u ug{ cfkm"x¿ tof/
/x]sf] t/ s;/L ug{] o;sf] nflu s]xL ;d:of ePsf] s'/f pxf“n] atfpg' eof] . ef/tn]
/fhfnfO{ dfcf]jfbL bafpg lbPsf] xltof/ %) k|ltzt k|hftGq vtd ug{ nufPsf] s'/fdf
k|sfz kfb{} pxf“n] eGg'eof]–æ;}lgs ;xfotfn] g]kfndf /fhf dha't tyf k|hftGq
sdhf]/ ePsf] 5 t/ km/j/L ! kZrft\ ef/tåf/f aGb ul/Psf] ;}lgs ;xfotfaf/] ef/tLo
zf;snfO{ pxf“n] wGojfb lb+b} atfpg'eof] ls cfufdL lbgdf klg o;nfO{ s8fOsf ;fy
aGb u/]/ g]kfndf k"0f{ k|hftGq :yfkgf ug{ ;xof] u/f}+ .Æ !(() df g]tfx¿n]
/fhf;“u ;Demf}tf ugf{n] hg;+3if{df ;zQm ;xefuL ag]sf g]kfnL hgtfn] 7"nf]
df/ vfPsfn] cfufdL lbgdf o:tf] vfnsf] ;Demf}tf gul/of];\ pxf“sf] cg'/f]w lyof]
.
To;}u/L
csf{ jQmf ef/t–g]kfnL hgPstf d~rsf clgn ;df]l/ofn] eGg'eof]–æg]kfndf
k|hftGq Nofpgsf nflu ;a} kf6L{x¿ ldn]/ ;+3if{df xf]ldg' kb{5 . To;sf] nflu
xfdLtkm{af6 h'g;'s} ;xof]u klg ug{ tof/ /x]sf 5f}+ .Æ g]kfnL sf+u|];sL g]t[ ;'hftf
sf]O/fnfn] klg sfo{qmddf cfºgf ljrf/x¿ /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . ;L=kL=Pd= -;+o'Qm_
rGb|b]j hf]zLn klg ;f] sfo{qmddf cfkm\gf] dt /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] cGTodf o; ljrf/
uf]i7Lsf cfof]hs Pj+ cWoIf jdf{n] ;a} jQmfx¿sf] egfOnfO{ ;+Zn]lift ;dLIff ub{}
;a} /fhgLlts bnx¿n] g]kfndf ;fdflhs, cfly{s, /fhg}lts cyf{t\ cfly{s x/If]qdf
cfd"n kl/jt{g ck]Iff u/]sf] s'/f atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]–æg]kfnsf]
n8fO{ g]kfnsf] dfq geP/ of] xfdL ;a}sf] xf] . olb g]kfnsf] ;Dk|e'tfdfly ;+s6
cfPdf xfdL ef/tLox¿n] klg cfºgf] ;Dk|e'tf arfpg ;Sg] 5}gf}+ .Æ pxf“n]
dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] ax'bnLo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqk|lt ldl8ofsf] efiffaf/] klg k|sfz
kfg{'eof] . pxf“n] dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] ax'bnLo nf]stGqdf ljleGg ju{n] k|ltlglwTj
ug{] s'/f cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08sf] jQmJosf x/kmx¿ p4[t ub{} :ki6 kfg{'eof] .
uf]i7Ldf d~rn] cl3 ;f/]sf] k|:tfj k9]/ ;'gfOPsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf]
cGtdf hghfu[lt ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/n] cToGt} dfld{s / ;'dw'/ ;+o'Qm :j/df cfdf ltdLn]
dnfO{ qmflGtsf] lglDt kfPsL /}5f} lg, afaf ltdLn] dnfO{ hgtfsf] lglDt kfPsf
/lx5f} lg eGg] :6]h uLt ufp“bf ;|f]tfx¿n] el/Psf] pQm xnsf] jftfj/0fnfO{
efjljef]/ agfPsf] lyof] .
l:jh/Nof08df
g]kfnLx?n]
cfof]u / lgof]udf lj/f]w k|bz{g
h]g]ef÷
;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo dfgjclwsf/ pRrfof]usf] a}7s oxL dfr{ !$ ut] b]lv h]g]efdf z'?
ePsf] lbg l:6h/Nof08df /x]sf] g]kfnLx?sf] ;+u7g cGt/fli6«otfjfbL g]kfnL
P]Soj4tf d+rn] cfof]usf] sfof{no cufl8 Ps lj/f]w sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L g]kfndf
/fhf 1fg]Gb|n] kmf;LjfbL ;Qf nfbL Jofks ?kdf dfgjclwsf/sf] xgg u/]sf] / cGt/fli6«o
;d'bfon] klg To; sbdnfO{ lj/f]w ug{ / g]kfnnfO{ lbg] ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]ux? tTsfn
aGb ug{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ .
d+rn]
cfof]unfO{ a'emfPsf] 1fkgkqdf elgPsf] 5– g]kfnL hgtfn] ljutdf k|hftGq k|flKtsf]
nflu ul/Psf tdfd ;+3if{ / To;af6 k|fKt pknlAwx? g]kfnsf] /fhtGqn] ljb]zL
zlQmx?sf] ;xof]usf] af/Daf/ 3f“6L lgdf]7\g] sfd u/]sf] 5 . /fli6«otf, hgtGq /
hghLljsfsf ;d:ofx?nfO{ ;+Daf]wg ub}{ @)%@ b]lv z'? ul/Psf] g]kfnL hgo'4n] dfq
g]kfnL hgtfn] rfx] h:tf] / g]kfnLx?sf] tdfd ;d:ofx? ;dfwfg ug{;Sg] jf:tljs
k|hftGq :yfkgf ug{ ;lsG5 . o;y{ hgo'4 bafpg] gfddf g]kfnL hgtf dfly nflbPsf]
tfgfzfxL ;}Go zf;gsf] lj/f]w ug{ cfu|x ub{5f}| . kmfl;jfbL ;QFn] a9fp+b} nu]sf]
xToflx;f, a]kQF, lu/km\tf/L, ;]G;/l;k, ;+s6sfnsf] lj/f]w ug{ cfu|x ub}{ g]kfnsf]
bogLo dfgjclwsf/nfO{ Vofn ub}{ g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ eg]/ lbg] cfly{s, ;}Go
tyf s'6g}lts ;xof]u aGb ug{ dfu ub}{ g]kfndf a9\b} uO/x]sf] j}b]lzs x:tIF]ksf] ;zQm
lj/f]w ug{ hf]8bf/ cfu|x ub{5f} .
k|bz{gdf
;+rf/sdL{ tyf lh1f;' gful/sx?nfO{ OG;f]km cWoIf czf]s rf}nfufO{ tyf g]kfnL
hgk|ultlzn d+r a]lNhodsf k|ltlgwL lji0f' e'h]nn] kmf;LjfbL ;/sf/sf] k//fi6«
dGqLn] g]kfn clxn] zflGtk"0f{ /x]sf] / dfgjflwsf/sf] l:ylt cToGt ;jn ePsf]
skl6k"0f{ / cToGt em'§f s'/f a}7sdf /fvL ljZjnfO{ g} rlst kfg{ nfu]sf] 5
eGb} g]kfnsf] dfgjclwsf/ / k|hftGqsf] k|Tofe"t Tolta]nf dfq} ;Dej 5 hltj]nf
nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfn :yfkgf x'G5 . To;}n] ;a} kl/jt{gsfdL, k|hftGqk|dL tyf
dfgjclwsf/sdL{nfO{ nf]stflGqs g]kfn :yfkgfsf kIfdf ;xof]u ug{ / ;Dk"0f{
kIfnfO{ bafa lbg cfu|x ug{'ePsf] lyof] .
xhf/f}+sf]
;Vofdf krf{x? ljt/0f ul/Psf] pQm k|bz{gsf qmddf 7"nf] ;Vofdf pkl:yt
ljb]zLx?n] rf;f] lnb} k|bz{gsf/Lx?;+u g]kfnsf] jt{dfg /fhg}lts cj:yfaf/] hfgsf/L
lnb} ;}Go s' sf] lj/f]w u/]sf] lyP .
pQm
k|bz{g kZrft\ OG;f]kmsf] Ps k|ltlgwLd08nn] zfxL :yfoL lgof]udf uO{ ;}Go s"
sf] lj/f]w ub}{ Ps 1fkgk` a'emfPsf] lyof] . OG;f]kmsf] pQm 1fkgkqdf elgPsf] 5–
æo;/L rf/}lt/af6 PlSnPsf] ;fdfGtjfbL tyf kmfl;jfbL ;QfnfO{ g]kfnL hgtfsf]
cfGbf]ngn] a9fg{] s'/f cjZo+efjL 5 . To;}n] tTsfn dxfg\ g]kfnL hgtf tYff
qmflGtsf/L zlQmx? ;dIf cfTd;d{k0f u/L hgrfxgf cg'?k nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] :yfkgfdf
;xof]u k'¥ofpg' g} jt{dfg ;Qfwf/LnfO{ ;a}eGbf >]o:s/ x'g]5 .Æ
ptf
rf/}lt/ PlSnPsf] tfgfzfxL ;}lgs ;/sf/sf dGqLn] dfgjclwsf/ a}7sdf rsf]{ cfnf]rgf
vfg'k/]sf] oxf“af6 k|sflzt x'g] kqklqsfx?n] hgfPsf 5g\ . ;}lgs ;/sf/sf k//fi6«
dGqL /d]zgfy kf08]n] a}7sdf lbPsf] dGtJonfO{ ;xefuLx?n] lvNnL p7fPsf lyP . ;dfrf/
Ph]G;Lx?sf cg';f/ k|hftGqsf] /Iff ug{ ;}lgs s" u/]sf] dGtJo kf08]n] lbPkl5
;xefuLx?n] zflGtk"0f{ lj/f]wh'n'; u/L k|hftGq :yfkgfsf] dfu ug]{ k|bz{gsf/Lx?nfO{
lu/km\tf/ ug]{, oftgf lbg], y'Gg] gd"gfof]Uo k|hftGq ePsf] eGb} Jo¨ u/]sf
lyP . kf08]n] ljleGg b]zsf dGqLx?nfO{ e]6L cfkm\gf] ;/sf/sf] ;dy{g ug{ cfu|x
u/]sf lyP t/ To;sf] ljk/Lt pgLx?n] dfgjclwsf/sf] /Iff ug{, lu/km\tf/ ul/PsfnfO{
g5f]8];Dd, d'2f lkmtF{ glnP;Dd, k|hftflGqs k|lqmoftkm{ cufl8 ga9];Dd ;dy{g ug{
g;Sg] hfgsf/L u/fPsf lyP .
Ps
csf]{ ;dfrf/ cg';f/ tfgfzfxL ;/sf/sf dGqL kf08];“usf] låkIfLo jftf{kl5 :jLh/Nof08sf
ljb]zdGqL >LdtL ldnf]lrg sfNdL /]n] Ps kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf u/L
g]kfnlj?4sf] k|:tfj a}7sdf k]z ug]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] / To;sf nflu cGo b]z;“u ;/;Nnfx
eO{/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'ePsf] lyof] t/ pQm k|:tfj btf{ ug{ glbgsf] nflu
cd]l/sfn] s;/t ul//x]sf] yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLåf/f
e|dk"0f{ k|rf/sf] v08g
sf7df8f}+]÷
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_n] g]tf afa'/fd e§/fO{ / lxl;nf odLnfO{ kf6L{n]
lgisfzg u/]sf] elg k'/fgf] ;/sf/L ;+rf/dfWodn] u/]sf] k|rf/sf] v08g ug'{ePsf] 5
. g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf k|jQmf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] r}q @ ut] hf/L
ug'{ePsf] Ps jQJodf eGg'ePsf] 5– ækf6L{ cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08;“u cfk;L ;/;Nnfx
/ k/:k/ ;xsfo{ ub{} pxf“x?n] kf6L{ Pj+ cfGbf]ngd} cfkm\gf] e"ldsf /
lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ul//xg' ePsf] ;Totf xfdL ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f}+ .Æ
æ;fdGtL
lg/+s'ztfsf lj?4 cem} s]Gb|Ls[t / PsLs[t x'“b} lg/Gt/ ljholt/ cl3 al9/x]sf]
hgo'4af6 k"/} cQflnP/ ;fdGtL k|ltlqmofjfbL lu/f]x tyf To;sf e/f}6] ;]gfx?
cfkm\gf] k/fho / ktgnfO{ k"/} 9fs5f]k ug{ cem} klg em"6, e|d / sNkgfsf]
;xf/fdf cfTd/lt lng] sf]lz; ul//x]sf
5g\Æ eGb} k|jQmf dx/fåf/f hf/L ug'{ePsf] jQmJodf eGg'ePsf] 5–æslyt ;}lgs
lgb{]zgfnosf] xjfnf lb+b} ;/sf/L ;+rf/ dfWodaf6 k|rfl/t xfd|f] kf6L{sf g]tf afa'/fd
e§/fO{ / lxl;nf odLnfO{ kf6L{af6 lgisfzg
ul/Psf] eGg] s'/f ;t\k|ltzt c;To /x]sf] 5 . kf6L{ cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08;“u cfk;L
;/;Nnfx / k/:k/ ;xsfo{ ub{} pxf“x?n] kf6L{ Pj+ cfGbf]ngd} cfkm\gf] e"ldsf
/ lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ul//xg' ePsf] ;Totf xfdL ;a}nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f}+ .
o;sf ;fy} ;Nofg, bfª, slknj:t', jfUn'ª cflb lhNnfx?df kf6L{ ljrf/, g]t[Tj /
cfGbf]ngsf lj?4 ul/Psf] elgPsf] k|rf/ klg k"/} skf]nslNkt, em'§f / c;To /x]sf]
5 . a? pQm 36gf ;]gf :jo+n] u/]sf] k|fof]lht / s[lqd dfq xf]
.Æ
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf]
e|dk"0f{ k|rf/df gkg{ ;j}nfO{ cfu|x ub}{ jQmJodf elgPsf] 5– æe|dk"0f{
/ cgu{n k|rf/ u/]/ …km'6fp / /fh u/Ú sf] k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] k'/fgf] /0fgLltnfO{
k'gf/fj[lQ ub{} xfd|f] hgo'4, kf6L{, g]tf / sfo{stf{sf] lj?4 lgof]lht ?kdf ;+rfng
ul/Psf] ;fdGtL tTjx?sf] o; k|sf/sf] if8\oGq / e|ddf gkg{ xfdL ;a};“u ckLn
ub{5f}+ . lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf] lj?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ clGtd ljho;Dd k'¥ofpg dxfg\
of]hgfn] kf6L{leq gof“ pT;fx / gof“ Pstf k}bf u/]sf] tyf hg;DaGw /fd|f] /
k|uf9 aGb} uPsf] s'/f ;d]t hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxG5f}+ .Æ
sf7df8f}+÷oxL
r}q % ut] b]z}el/ ;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w lbj; dgfOPsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . @)%% ;fn r}q %
ut] sfe|]sf] cg]sf]6df Rofª\jf nfdf;lxt ;ft hgf snfsf/sf] ljeT; xTof ul/Psf]
lbgnfO{ ;f“:s[lts k|lt/f]w lbj;sf] lbg dgfOg] ul/Psf] xf] .
pQm lbg b]zsf ljleGg :yfgx?df
zxLbx?k|lt >4f~hnL ck{0f ug]{ sfo{qmd tyf ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ePsf ;dfrf/x?
k|fKt ePsf 5g\ . o;}u/L clvn g]kfn hg;f+:s[lts ;ª\3
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] oxL kmfu'g ! ut]b]lv b]ze/ ;~rfng eO/x]sf] d]rL–dxfsfnL ;f+:s[lts
k|lt/f]w cleofgn] klg hf]8tf]8sf ;fy cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .
æqmflGtsf/L
¿kfGt/0fnfO{ gof“ prfOdf p7fcf}+, ;f+:s[lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] cleofg tLj| kf/f}+Æ
eGg] d"n gf/f cGtu{t z'? ePsf] k|lt/f]w cleofgsf qmddf k|rf/fTds–lqmofTds,
hgdt l;h{gf / k|lt/f]wfTds kIfnfO{ Jojl:yt / cleofgs} ¿kdf ;dfof]lht ul/g]
kmfu'g ! ut] ;ª\3n] hf/L u/]sf] ckLndf jtfOPsf] lyof] .
sf7df8f}+÷dfcf]jfbLn]
cfJxfg u/]sf] r}q @) ut]b]lv #) ut] ;Ddsf] cfd x8tfn;lxtsf] Ps dlxg] ;+3if{sf]
sfo{qmdnfO{ clvn g]kfn /fli6«o :jtGq ljBfyL{ o'lgog -qmflGtsf/L_ n] P]Soa4tf
hgfPsf] 5 .
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf cWoIf
n]vgfy Gof}kfg]n] r}q % ut] Ps jQmJo hf/L u/L r}q @) ut]kl5sf P;Pn;L k/LIffsf
;a} ljifox?nfO{ ;fg{ dfu ug{' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] cfkm\gf] jQmJodf /fhkl/jf/sf
gfddf /x]sf ljleGg ;+:yfg\x?sf] gfdnfO{ t'?Gt abNgsf nflu bjfjd"ns sfo{qmd
ug{] ;d]t hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .
o;cl3 g} clvn g]kfn dlxnf
;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_sL cWoIf hok'/L 3tL{n] dfcf]jfbLn] /fv]sf] !! lbg] cfdxntfn ;lxt
;a} ;+3if{sf sfo{qmddf ;lqmo ;xof]u / ;xeflutf /xg] hgfO;Sg' ePsf] 5 .