d]rL–sf]zLdf
qmflGtsf/L ljBfyL{sf] cj:yf
;L=kL=s8l/of
dxfg\ hgo'4sf] /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] r/0faf6 /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fdf k|j]z ul/;s]kl5
d]rL–sf]zLsf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng klg To;}sf] prfO / l:kl/6df cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 .
ljz]iftM dxfg\ tyf uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ d]rL–sf]zL If]qLo
Jo"/f]sf] d]rL–sf]zL hg;}Go k|lt/f]w cleofgsf] k"/s of]hgfsf ;fy
xfd|f] ljBfyL{ ;+u7g lg/Gt/ oxf“sf cGo ljBfyL{ ;+3÷;+u7gleq b]vf k/]sf] u'6ut
;+sL0f{tf / /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfbL rl/qsf] lj?4df qmflGtsf/L ?kfGt/0f Pj+
w'|jLs/0fsf nflu cfd cfx\jfg ;lxt h'l6/x]sf] 5 . d'Vo u/]/ /0fg}lts
k|Tofqmd0fsf] klxnf] of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug]{ qmddf d]rL–sf]zLdf hgd'lQm ;]gf
g]kfnn] xfl;n u/]sf] % j6f dxTjk"0f{ l;h{gzLn ljhon] oxf“sf] /fhg}lts Pj+
kmf}hL cjZyfdf kl/jt{g ul/lbPsf] 5 . wgs'6fsf] l;b'jf, n]ptL vf]nf, emfkfsf]
latf{df]8, Onfdsf] dnft] x'“b} df]/·sf] hf“t];Dd cfp“bf d]rL–sf]zLdf /x“b}
cfPsf] /fhg}lts Pj+ kmf}hL tfnd]ndf kl/jt{g cfpg' :jefljs} xf] . cyjf clxn] cfP/
kmf}hL sfd sfjf{xLx? PsfPs ;kmntfsf] lbzflt/ u};s]kl5 cj t'ngfTds ?kn] /fhg}lts,
j}rfl/s Pj+ ;+u7gfTds sbdx? s]xL kl5 kg{ uPsf 5g\ . hxf“ls o;cl3 oxF“
kmf}hLsfd sfjf{xLeGbf /fhg}lts sfd sfjf{xLx? t'ngfTds ?kn] Ps sbd cufl8 lyP .
o;y{ d]rL–sf]zLdf goF“ / kl/jlt{t kl/l:ylt;+u} goF“ prfO{+df ;d:ofx? k}bf
ePsf 5g\ . h;nfO{ gjf} of]hgf / r]tgf / of]hgfn] dfq xn ug{ ;lsg] s'/f lglZrt\ 5
. o;sf cltl/Qm kmf}hLs/0f / qmflGtsf/L ?kfGt/0fsf] ;kmntf klg plQms}
dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . g]kfns} bf];|f] ljBfyL{x?sf] hg3gTj / lzIf0f;+:yfx?
ePsf] x'gfn] nfvf} o'jfzlQmx?nfO{ ldln6\of06 ug]{ s'/f sd dxTjsf] 5}g . log} ;jfnx?nfO{
s]Gb|ljGb"df /fv]/ d]rL–sf]zL ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 .
jt{dfg
cj:yf
)^!
sflt{sdf d]rL–sf]zL If]qLo ;ldltsf] k|yd k"0f{ a}7s ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
qmflGtsf/L w'|jLs/0fnfO{ gof“ prfOdf p7fp“b} ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbåf/f g]kfnL
/fli6«otfdfly e}/x]sf] j}b]lzs x:tIf]ksf] ;zQm k|lt/f]w u/f}+ eGg] d"ngf/fsf
;fy ;DkGg ePsf] clxn] -d+l;/–df3_ of]hgf cg';f/ ;+u7g / ;+3if{ ;DaGwL lgDg
cg';f/ sfd ePsf 5g\M–
-s_
;+u7g– d]rL–sf]zLsf ;a} lhNnfx?df lhNnf e]nf tyf ;Dd]ngx? ;~rfng e};s]sf 5g\
. tfKn]h'+· / kf“ry/df ;Dd]ng / cGo lhNnfx?df e]nf Pj+ k'gu{7g dfkm{t ;Dd]ng
tof/L ;ldltx? agfOPsf] 5 . h;df tfKn]h'·df ut kf}ifdf ePsf] lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] clgn
km]G5ª\jf cWoIf /xg] u/L kl5 @ yKg] u/L @! ;b:oLo lhNnf ;ldlt kf“ry/df /fd
kf}8]n cWoIf /xg] u/L !( hgfsf] lhNnf ;ldlt -df3 @% / @^ df ePsf] ;Dd]ngn]_
lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . To:t} Onfddf lgd{nf vltj8fsf] ;+of]hsTjdf 8Dj/ n'ª\u]nL ;x;+of]hs
/ ;ljg /fO{ ;lrj /xg] u/L !& ;b:oLo %cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ng tof/L ;ldlt lgdf{0f
ePsf] 5 . emfkfdf ut d+l;/df /l~ht tfdf·sf] ;+of]hsTjdf !# ;b:oLo !)cf}+ lhNnf
;Dd]ng tof/L ;ldlt df]/·df k|sfz kf}8]nsf] ;+of]hs / hLjg e§/fO{ ;lrj /xg] u/L
ut d+l;/df !! ;b:oLo lhNnf ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt u7g ePsf] 5 . wgs'6fdf klg
rGb|xfª\ xfª\;'?·sf] ;+of]hsTjdf !@ ;b:oLo t]x|y'ddf /3' uf}tdsf] ;+of]hsTjdf
!% ;b:oLo / ;+v'jf;efdf k"0f{ e'h]nsf] ;+of]hsTjdf !& ;b:oLo lhNnf ;Dd]ng
cfof]hs ;ldlt lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . lhNnf x?df Pl/of ;ldlt w]/}h;f] lgdf{0f e};s]sf
5g\ af“sL 7fp“df l;h{gzLn k|of; hf/L /x]sf] 5 . ufp“, :s'n, SofDk;, jfn
OsfOx? lgdf{0f e}/x]sf 5g\ .
If]qLo ;ldltsf] Ps nfv ;b:otf ljt/0f ug]{, %),)))÷– ;+ul7t ldlnlzof
lgdf{0f ug]{ / !@%) k"0f{sflng ;b:o pTkfbg ug]{ -j}zfv ;Dddf_ eGg] of]hgf
adf]lhd oxf“sf sfdx? cl3 al9/x]sf 5g\ .
;+3if{M
e"=k"= ljBfyL{ g]tf b]j]Gb| kf}8\ofn, tfTsfnLg emfkf lhNnf cWoIf Pj+ pkfWoIf /d]z ;'j]bL / lji0f' k|wfg, df]/· cWoIf lji0f' jf:sf]6f, e"=k"= ljBfyL{ emfkf lhNnf ;b:o cflbsf] xTofsf] lj?4df d+l;/ @! ut] ljleGg ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx? ;lxt d]rL–sf]zLsf] d'Vo zx/L If]q / ;b/d'sfd aGbsf] sfo{qmd k"0f{?kdf ;kmn ePsf] 5 . ;+3if{s} qmddf ut kf}if * ut] ljleGg /fhg}lts, z}lIfs tyf ;d;fdlos -/fli6«otf, hgtGq / hglhljsfdf cfwfl/t_ @# ;"qLo dfux? If]qLo lzIff lgb]{zgfnodf If]qLo ;ldltsf tkm{af6 k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . kmfl;i6 zfifsx?n] o;sf] s'g} klg k|ltlqmof ;fj{hlgs ug'{sf] ;§f pN6} lgl/xtf k|bz{g u/] . olt dfq x}g xfd|f dfux?nfO{ k"/} j]jf:tf ub}{ kl5Nnf] r/0fdf xTof, bdg / g/;+xf/nfO{ a9fjf lbP/ uof] . kf}if !* ut] xfd|f If]qLo ;b:o tyf t]x|y'd lhNnf cWoIf nf]sd0fL e08f/Lsf] sfo/tfk"j{s xTof u/L slyt bf]xf]/f] le8Gt / xltof/ sAhfsf] asjf; lk6\of] . kmfl;i6 ;Qfsf] pQm /j}ofsf] lj?4df xfd|f] ;+u7gn] df3 %–!( ;Dd !% lbg] lzIf0f;+:yf -d'Vo zx/L If]qdf s]Gb|Lt x'g] u/L_ aGbsf] sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs u¥of] . ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ffn] d]rL–sf]zLdf dfq t/+u dRrfPg k'/fgf] s]Gb|Lo /fHo;Qfdfly g} 7"nf] v}nfj}nf dRrfof]_ cyjf of] ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmdn] cfGtl/s ?kdf kmf}hL / /fhg}lts sfd aLrsf] ;Gt'ng ldnfpg] sfd t u¥of] g}, afx\of lx;fan] klg dWo ju{df xfd|f dfux? ax;sf] ljifo ag] . o;n] xfd|f] ;+u7g / xfd|f dfux? ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{ tyf hg;d'bfox?sf] u'?Tjfsif{0fsf] s]Gb|ljGb' ag] . xfd|f] ;+u7g / xfd|f dfux? ;fy} xfd|f] hgpQ/bfloTj gofF prfOdf cfÇg} ;f/Tj / ljlzi6tfdf hg:t/df :yflkt eof] . ;f/df of] sfo{qmd d]rL–sf]zL / l;·f] /fli6«o :t/d} ;a} lx;fan] P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf] ;fljt eof] . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] Knfg ;d]t PS;kf]h eP . k'/fgf] ;Qf k"/} gf·]emf/ aGof] . ;+3if{s} qmddf ljleGg af]l8{·x? aGb ul/Psf 5g\ . e|i6, rl/qlxg tyf hglj/f]wL lzIfs tyf JolQmdfly sfjf{xL s]Gb|Lo ul/of] . o:tf w]/} sfjf{xLx? ul/P . ;f/tM of] ;+3if{ w]/} pknAwLd"ns aGof] .
jL/
nf]sd0fL k|lt/f]w cleofg
;+u7g / ;+3if{ ;DjGwL P]ltxfl;s / ;hLjg cg'ejx? ;lxt oxL kmfu'g !! / !@
ut] ;+u7gsf] If]qLo ;ldltsf] bf];|f] k"0f{a}7s a:of] . qmflGtsf/L ljrf/,
qmflGtsf/L, ;+u7g / qmflGtsf/L /fhgLltåf/f j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts / ;+u7gfTds
x:tIf]k s]lGb|t ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf zfxL 3f]if0ff dfkm{t hf] aGof], nfO{
s]Gb|ljGb'df /fvL a}7sn] d]rL–sf]zLdf jL/ nf]sd0fL k|lt/f]w cleofg ;+rfng ug]{
lgif]w u/]sf] 5 .
qmflGtsf/L
?kfGt/0fsf nflu zfxL 3f]if0ff lj?4 P]Soj4tf nf]stflGqs cfGbf]ng t]h kf/f}+ †
j}rfl/s /fhg}lts Pj+ ;+u7gfTds x:tIf]ksf ;fy jL/ nf]sd0fL k|lt/f]w cleofg
eJotfsf ;fy ;kmn kf/f}+ ¤¤ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy pQm cleofg c9fO{ dlxgf
cyjf kmfu'g @! b]lv j}zfv el/ rNg] 5 .
…jL/
nf]sd0fLÚ zAbsf] cy{M– cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ d]rL–sf]zL If]qLo ;ldlt
;b:ox? lji0f' ;fksf]6f -df]/· lhNnf cWoIf_, /d]z ;'j]bL -emfkf lhNnf cWoIf_,
nf]sd0fL e08f/L -t]x|y'd cWoIf_ h;n] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf ;xfbt k|fKt ug'{
eof]– sf] :d[ltdf of] cleofg ;+rfng ul/Psf] xf] . jf of] cleofg pk/f]Qm # dxfg\
zxLbx?sf] gfdaf6 ul/Psf] xf] .
cleofgsf]
:j?kM– cleofgsf] :j?k ;fd'lxs / l6dj4 kl/rfngdf cfwfl/t 5 . h;df d]rL–sf]zLdf
# l6dn] cleofg ;~rfng ul//x]5g\ . d]rL–c~rnsf] Onfd, kf“ry/ / tfKn]h'+·df
;+u7gdf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o lht]; of]~hgsf] g]t[Tjdf ! Knf6'g, sf]zL c~rnsf wgs'6f,
t]x|y'd tyf ;+v'jf;efdf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|sfz kf}8]nsf] g]t[Tjdf ! Knf6'g / t/fO{df
;'g;/L, df]/· / emfkfdf j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /l~ht tfdf·sf] g]t[Tjdf ljs]Gb|Lt
Ps Knf6'g l6d kl/rfng ul/Psf] 5 . xf]n l6d Pj+ cleofgsf] pb\3f6g kmfu'g !# ut]
Onfd–kf“ry/ Pj+ wgs'6fsf] l;dfgfdf kg]{ lr;fkfgLaf6 eof] eg] # Knf6'g
l6dx?sf] pb\3f6g qmdzM d]rLsf] kxf8L lhNnfsf] kf“ry/af6 sf]zLsf] kxf8L
lhNnfx?sf] wgs'6fsf] df}gf a'b's df=lj=af6 Pj+ t/fO{ l6dsf] pb\3f6g df]/·af6
olx kmfu'g @! ut] zxLb ;Ktfxsf] clGtd lbg ePsf] 5 . cleofg nIf ! lhNnf, ! sDkgL
:yfoL hgzlQm pTkfbg ug]{, o'jf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ kmf}hLs/0f ug]{, dfn]dfjfb /
k|r08ky ljrf/ :yflkt ug]{, ju{;+3if{ Pj+ cGt/;+3if{df wfl/nf] kfg]{, lhNnfx?df
k|lzIf0f Pj+ ;Dd]ngx? ;DkGg ug]{, ;b:otf ljt/0f ug]{, bIf hgzlQm pTkfbg ug]
nufotsf /x]sf 5g\ .
;d:ofx?M–
d]rL–sf]zLsf] pTkfbg ;DjGw, /fhg}lts k[i7e"ld / clxn];Ddsf] ljBfyL{
cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf;nfO{ x]bf{ oxf“sf ;d:ofx?nfO{ # j6f kf]OG6df ;+Zn]if0f ug{
;lsG5 .
!=/IffTds r]tgf, @=lgDgk"“hLjfbL pbf/tf,
#=cfTds]Gb|Lt JolQmjfb -d"ntM c/fhstfjfbL JolQmjfb_
;+efjgfM–
d]rL–sf]zLdf pk/f]Qm ;d:ofx? dflysf] ;+3if{nfO{ 3lge"t kfg]{
lx;fan] clxn]sf] jL/ nf]sd0fL k|lt/f]w cleofg ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 . pk/f]Qm ;d:ofx?
dfly ljho k|fKt ug'{ eg]sf] d]rL–sf]zLsf] ;a} vfn] ;+zf]wgjfb Pj+ cj;/jfb dfly
ljho k|fKt ug'{ xf] . pQm ;d:ofx?dfly ljho k|fKt ug]{ lalQs} oxfF qmflGtsf/L ?kfGt/0f
gofF prfOdf p7\g ;S5 . / ;f/df qmflGtnfO{ ljho;Dd k'¥ofpg] d]rL–sf]zLsf]
sfo{ef/ ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] cyjf egf}+ o'jf zlQmn] /fd|/L k"/f ug{ ;Sg]5 . -n]vs
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ d]rL sf]zL If]qLo ;ldltsf ;+of]hs, x'g'x'G5 _