|
jif{ !$ |
c+s % |
d+unjf/, kf}if ^, @)^! |
Year 14 |
Issue 5 |
December 21, 2004 |
d'Vo
;dfrf/
/0fg}lts
k|Tofqmd0fsf] klxnf] of]hgf k|j]zsf] o'4df]rf{jf6} 3f]if0ff
ef/L
;+Vofdf cfw'lgs xltof/ sAhf, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ljho cleofg hf/L
sf7df8f}+÷hgd'lQm
;]gf, g]kfn k"jL{ l8lehgn] o'4 df]rf{jf6} /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] klxnf]
of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf k|j]z u/]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . ut d+l;/ #) ut] hgd'lQm ;]gf
g]kfn k|yd lj|u]8sf] Ps 6's8Ln] c3f{vfrLsf] l;4f/fdf zfxL ;]gfsf] 7"nf]
kmf}hnfO{ g/fd|f];“u k/flht jgfpb} em08} tLg bh{g cfw'lgs xltof/ sAhf u/]sf]
Ps xKtf klg x'g gkfpb} j]yfg :d[lt kf“rf} lj|u]8sf t]¥xf}, rf}wf} / kGw|f}
j6flnogx?åf/f /fhwfgL sf7df8f} / To;sf] cf;kf;df eLif0f kmf}hL xdnf u/L krf;
yfg eGbf a9L xltof/ sAhf u/]sf 5g\ . oxL kf}if # / $ ut] ul/Psf pQm kmf}hL sf/jfxLx?jf/]
hfgsf/L u/fpb} hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfn k"jL{ l8lehg x]8Sjf6{/sf tkm{jf6 l8lehg
sld;f/ jfbn / sdf08/ cgGtn] Ps k|]; jQmJo hf/L ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
kf6L{sf
:yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o Pj+ k"jL{ sdf08 OGrfh{;d]t /xg' ePsf l8lehg sdf08/ jfbn Pj+
kf6L{sf kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o;d]t /xg' ePsf l8lehg sdf08/ s=cgGtn] hf/L u/]sf]
pQm jQmJodf kf6L{sf] /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] klxnf] of]hgf k|j]zsf] o'4df]rf{jf6
3f]if0ffsf] ?kdf pQm kmf}hL sf/jfxL ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . jQmJodf kf}if # ut] /fhwfgL
sf7df8f}sf] ;f“v' Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf ;fgbf/ sdf08f] cfqmd0f u/L k|x/L
OG:k]S6/;lxt % hgfsf] ;kmfof / !% yfg /fOkmn, $ j6f k]itf]n, @ ;+rf/ ;]6nufot #!
xltof/ sAhf ePsf] hgfpb} o;/L g} k'if $ ut] dWofGx !@ jh] x]6f}8f jhf/df /x]sf]
Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodf ;fxl;s sdf08f] cfqmd0f u/L & yfg /fOkmn sAhf u/L k|x/L
rf}sLnfO{ k"0f{?kdf Wj:t jgfOPsf] jtfOPsf] 5 . pQm 36gfdf hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{
@ hgf ;fdfGo 3fOt]dfq jGg' ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
To;}u/L
jQmJodf pRr u'0ffTds Pj+ ;fgbf/ rnfodfg df]rf{j4 n8fOsf] ?kdf k'if $ ut] g}
bf]nvfsf] vl/9+'ufjf6 hgxTofdf lg:s]sf] xTof/f] zfxL ;]gfsf] hTyfdfly
l;Gw'kfNrf]s / bf]nvfsf] ;LdfIf]qdf kg]{ d'9]df ;kmn xdnf ul/Psf] jtfOPsf] 5 .
;f] xdnfdf hdbf/;lxt zfxL ;]gfsf !% hgfsf] ;kmfof / bh{gf}nfO{ 3fOt] t'NofOPsf]
pNn]v ub}{ ;f] sf/jfxLjf6 * yfg OG;f;, ! yfg PnPdhL, @ yfg P;Pncf/ / ! yfg
P;PdhL;lxt !@ cTofw'lgs xltof/ / xhf/f} /fp08 uf]nL sAhf x'g cfPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
jQmJodf
k'if # / $ ut] ePsf oL sf/jfxLx?jf6 hDdf jL;hgf b'Zdgsf] ;kmfof / bh{gf} 3fOt],
%) yfg xltof/ / kfr xhf/ yfgeGbf a9L uf]nL sAhf;lxt k|Tofqmd0fsf] ljho ofqf
k"jL{ sdf08df k|f/De ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . jQmJodf vl/9'+uf df]rf{df sDkgL ;xfos
sld;f/ s=s[i0f, Knf6'g sdf08/ s=ho / ;]S;g sdf08/ sd/]8 ;'/]Gb|n] pRr zxfbt
k|fKt ug'{ ePsf]df k"jL{ l8lehg x]8Sjf6{/sf] tkm{jf6 pxf“x?df xflb{s ;Ddfg
/ nfn ;nfd ck0f{ ul/Psf] 5 . zf]sfs'n zxLb kl/jf/ Pj+ ;xof]4fx?df xflb{s ;dj]bgf
k|s6 ub}{ jQmJodf 3fOt] sd/]8x?sf] ;L3| :jf:Yonfe tyf dxfg\ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf jL/
of]4fx?k|lt xflb{s jwfO{ tyf yk ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf ;d]t JoQm ul/Psf] 5 . jQmJosf]
cGTodf cfufdL k|Tofqmd0fsf pRr Pj+ l;nl;n]jf/ df]rf{x?df cfd hg;d'bfosf]
k"0f{ ;xof]u Pj+ ;befjsf] xflb{s ck]Iff ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 .
8]9
bh{g zfxL ;]gf dfl/P, cTofw'lgs xltof/ sAhf
bf]nvf
/ l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] l;dfgfdf kg]{ hL/L dfu{sf] vl/9'+uf d'9+]df oxL k'if $ ut]
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] rf}wf} j6flnogn] ;+rfng u/]sf] rf}wf}+ ck/]zgsf] qmddf u/]sf]
sf/jfxLdf kl/ 8]9 bh{g zfxL ;]gf dfl/Psf 5g\ . ;f] sf/jfxLjf6 hgd'lQm ;]gfn]
zfxL ;]gfsf 8]9bh{g cTofw'lgs xltof/ ;lxt o'4 ;fdu|L sAhf u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
eL8Gtsf] qmddf hgd'lQm ;]gfn] zfxL ;]gfsf ! yfg PnPdhL- OG;f;sf] uf]nL hfg]_,
OG;f; * yfg, P;Pncf/ @ yfg, P;PdhL @ yfg, 6'–OGr df]6f{/sf] ;]n @ j6f, OG;f;
DofUhLg #* j6f, PnPdhL DofUhLg !^ j6f, P;PdhL DofUhLg (j6f, lu|g]8 !!j6f tyf
ljleGg uf]nLx? @^));lxtsf y'k|} o'4;fdu|L sAhf u/]sf] s'/f kfrf} lj|u]8 sfof{non]
hgfPsf] 5 . eL8Gtdf !* hgf zfxL ;]gf dfl/Psf] / @$ hgf 3fOt] ePsf] jtfOPsf] 5 .
eL8Gtdf hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{ sDkgL ;xfos sld;f/ s=s[i0f, PnPdhL ;]S;g ;b:o s=;'/]Gb|
/ Knf6'g sdf08/ hosf] zxfbt ePsf] jtfOPsf] 5 . ;f] eL8Gtsf] g]t[Tj j6flnPg sld;f/
clgn / sdf08/ /fdhLn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .
hg;]gfåf/f
/fhwfgLsf] ;f“v' Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no sAhf
;fdGtL
/fhfsf] b/jf/jf6 !& lsnf] ld6/sf] b'/Ldf /x]sf]] Ps Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no
hgd'lQm ;]gfn] lbp;} sAhf u/]sf 5g\ . oxL k'if # ut] ;fem $=%) b]lv % jh];Dd
ePsf] bz ldg]6sf] eL8GtkZrft\ hgd'lQm ;]gfn];f] k|x/L sfof{no k"0f{?kdf
cfkm\gf] sAhfdf lnPsf lyP . hg;]gfsf] cfqmd0fdf k/L OG:k]S6/ OGb|axfb'/
nfdf;lxt % k|x/Lx?sf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] cGo bz k|x/L 3fOt] ePsf
5g\ . pQm sf/jfxLjf6 hgd'lQm ;]gfn] k|x/Lsf y|Lg6 y|L /fOkmn !% yfg, dfph/ # yfg,
;6ug ^ yfg, ;+rf/ ;]6 @ yfg, kDk;]6 @ yfg tyf @% ;o yfg j'n]6 sAhf u/]sf] s'/f
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf] kfrf} lj|u]8 sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn kfrf}
lju|]8 cGtu{t !# cf} j6flnogsf] Ps 6's8Ln] ;+rfng u/]sf] t]¥xf} ck/]zgsf] qmddf
pQm sf/jfxL u/]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . ;f] sf/jfxLsf] qmddf jf;':d[lt rf}yf] lj|u]8
cGtu{tsf] Ps ;fgf] 6's8L;d]t ;fd]n lyof] . ;f] sf/jfxLdf s=lbg]z sld;f/ / s=;ljg
sdf08/ /x]sf] s'/f lj|u]8 sfof{non] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .
dsjfgk'/sf]
x]6f}8f jhf/sf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no sAhf
oxL
k'if $ ut] lbp;f] dsjfgk'/sf] ;b/d'sfd x}6f}8f jhf/df /x]sf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no
hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnsf of]4fx?n] sAhf u/]sf 5g\ .
hgd'lQm
;]gfsf] kfrf} lj|u]8 cGtu{tsf] kGw|f} j6flnogn] ;+rfng u/]sf] kGw|f} ck/]zgsf
qmddf pQm sf/jfxL u/]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . pQm k|x/L sfof{nojf6 hg;]gfn] ^ yfg
y|Lg6 y|L /fOkmn, ! yfg ;6ug, ! yfg ;+rf/ ;]6 / tLg;o /fp08 uf]nL sAhf u/]sf]
s'/f lj|u]8 sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] sf/jfxLdf hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{ s'g} Iflt gePsf]
jtfOPsf] 5 . k|x/L rf}sL sAhf kl5 rf}sL ejgnfO{ k"0f{?kdf Wj:t kfl/Psf] 5 .
pQm sf/jfxLdf s=s[kfZj/n] sld;f/ / s=;/0fn] sdf08/sf] e'ldsf lgefPsf] hgfOPsf] 5
.
hgd'lQm
;]gf g]kfnsf of]4fx? / zfxL ;]gfsf] cft+ssf/L 8km\kmfaLr ut d+l;/ #) ut] ePsf]
eLif0f eL8Gtdf zfxL cft+ssf/L ;]gfn] g/fd|f];“u k/fho ef]u]sf] 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf,
g]kfn d+un;]g k|yd la|u]8 sdf08/ s=ljj]s / sld;f/ s=;'lgnsf] g]t[Tjdf ;f]xL
lj|u]8sf] ljz]if sfo{bn -P;l6Pkm_ a6flnogsf] Ps 6's8Låf/f ;f] lbg ljxfg &
ah]b]lv ePsf] eLif0f eL8Gtdf @% hgf zfxL cft+ssf/L hTyfsf] ;kmfof x'g'sf ;fy} *!
PdPd;lxt em08} tLg bh{g cfw'lgs xltof/ sAhf ePsf] 5 . ;f] eL8GtkZrft\
hgof]4fx?n] k'if !, @ / # ut] l;:g] h+undf u/]sf] vf]htnf;df yk * yfg P;Pncf/
xltof/ / # hgf zfxL ;]gf sAhfdf cfPsf 5g\ .
To;cl3
d+l;/ #) ut]sf] eL8Gtsf] lbg cfqmd0fsf] qmddf zfxL ;]gfaf6 *! PdPd tf]k Ps yfg /
;f]sf] uf]nf !) cf]6f, OG;f; Pn=Pd=hL= b'O{ yfg / DofUhLg #) yfg, OG;f; /fOkmn $
yfg / ;f]sf] DofUhLg #) yfg, P;=Pn=cf/= /fOkmn !^ yfg / ;f]sf] DofUhLg, P;=Pd=hL=
@ yfg ;lxt !);f}+ xhf/ uf]nL, Pd #^ lu|g]6 ^) j6f, ;+rf/ ;]6 ! yfg / lh=kL=Pd=hL=sf]
6«fOk'6 ! yfg, afOgfs'n/ ! yfg / dfOgx? nufot y'k}| o'4 ;fdu|Lx?sf] ;fy} %);f}+
yfg emf]nfx? sAhf ePsf] lyof] . ;f] qmddf zfxL ;]gfsf Ps hgf d]h/;lxt @% hgfsf]
36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] b'O{ bh{g a9L 3fOt] ePsf lyP .
c3f{vfrLdf
g/fd|f];“u k/flht x'g k'u]sf] zfxL ;]gfn] clxn] eL8Gtsf] oyfy{ ljj/0f / cfkm\gf]tkm{
dfl/Psfx?sf] gfdfjnL ;d]t ;fj{hlgs ug]{ cf6 ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . c3f{vfrLsf] cfkm\gf]
xf/nfO{ n'sfpg] k|oTg:j?k zfxL ;]gfsf] cft+ssf/L 8km\kmfn] ndh'ª / b}n]vdf b'O{
bh{g 5fkfdf/ df/]sf] eGb} cToGt} em'7 / skf]nslNkt ;dfrf/ k|rf/ ul//x]sf] 5 .
pQm
sf/jfxLsf] ;fgbf/ ;kmntfkZrft\ hgd'lQm
;]gf g]kfn, d+un;]g k|yd la|u]8 sld;f/ ;'lgn / sdf08/ ljj]sn] hf/L ug'{ ePsf]
jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5 æcd]l/sL ;fd|FHojfbsf] 6fpsf] / ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbsf] v'§fn] nufPsf] ;fdGtL gf]s/zfxL 1fg]Gb|sf] ;Qf pTkLl8t hgtfdfly
;}Go an k|of]u u/L b]zdf /utsf] vf]nf] aufP/ l6sfpg lbg /ft slyt zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf
kl/rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . lj:Tff/jfbL ef/tLo ;]gfnfO{ leœofpg 7"nf] s;/t ul//x]sf]
5 . g]kfnL hgtf / dxfg\ Pj+ xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] qmflGtsf/L
ljrf/, cys Tofu, alnbfgn] k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ lsgf/f nufp“b} clGtd / s]Gb|Lo ;Qf
sAhfsf] k|lqmofdf ;kmntf xfl;n ub}{ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf]
klxnf] of]hgf cGtu{t ljs]Gb|Lt 5fkfdf/ sfjf{xLsf] qmddf cfkm"nfO{
:jf]3f]l;t zlQmzfnL vf]n cf]8]sf] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf, ck|]zgsf] qmddf cfh laxfg
d+un;]g km:6 la|u]8 cGt/utsf] P;=6L=Pkm=n] cfqmd0f ubf{ pRr ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf]
5 eg] b'ZdgnfO{ IF]tljIFt agfO{ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] k/fhosf] k/fsfi7f k'li6 ePsf] 5 .
cfqmd0fsf]
qmddf b'Zdgaf6 *! PdPd tf]k Ps yfg / ;f]sf] uf]nf !) cf]6f, OG;f; Pn=Pd=hL= b'O{
yfg / DofUhLg #) yfg, OG;f; /fOkmn $ yfg / ;f]sf] DofUhLg #) yfg, P;=Pn=cf/= /fOkmn
@$ yfg / ;f]sf] DofUhLg, P;=Pd=hL= @ yfg ;lxt !);f}+ xhf/ uf]nL, Pd #^ lu|g]6 ^)
j6f, ;+rf/ ;]6 ! yfg / lh=kL=Pd=hL=sf] 6«fOk'6 ! yfg, afOgfs'n/ ! yfg / dfOgx?
nufot y'k}| o'4 ;fdu|Lx?sf];fy} %);f}+ emf]nfx? sAhf ePsf] 5 . b'Zdg tkm{ @%
hgfeGbf a9L d/]sf 5g\ eg] bh{gf}+ 3fon ePsf 5g\ . hLjgleq d[To' vf]Hg] @!cf}+
ztfAbLsf] lj/ of]4f hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{ Ps hgfn] pRr zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5 eg] ^
hgf sd/]8x? ;fdfGo 3fOt] x'g'ePsf] 5 . pRr pknAwL xfl;n ug{sf]nflu zxfbt k|fKt
ug'{x'g] sd/]8k|lt xflb{s >4f~hnL JoQm ub}{ 3fOt] sd/]8x?sf] l;3| :jf:Yonfesf]
sfdgf ub{5f}+ . kf6L{sf] gLlt / of]hgf k"/f ug{ d[To'nfO{ lht]/ ;kmntf
xfl;n ug]{ dxfg\ e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{x'g] ;xof]4f ;Dk"0f{ hg;]gfsf] sd/]8x?
tyf kf6L{k+lQm tyf cfd hg;d'bfox?nfO{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{5f}+ . wGojfb .Æ
k'if !$ / !% ut] ;u/dfyf–hgsk'/ If]q
jGbsf] 3f]if0ff
/fhlj/fh÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_,
k"jL{ sdf08cGtu{t ;u/dfyf–hgsk'/ If]qLo Jo"/f]n] ;f] If]qdf zfxL ;]gfn]
u/]sf] lgxTyf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ / hgtfsf] xTofsf] lj?4 cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{sf] ;u/dfyf–hgsk'/ If]qLo Jo"/f] OGrfh{ s=;'dgn] oxL k'if
% ut] Ps jQmJodfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ug'{ ePsf ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx?df k'if % ut]b]lv
& ut];Dd k|rf/ k|;f/, k'if * b]lv !# ut];Dd hgsk'/ / ;u/dfyfsf ;8sx? hfd ug]{-;8s
hfd_ tyf k'if !$ / !% ut] ;u/dfyf–hgsk'/ If]q jGb-oftfoft, pBf]uwGwf, k'/fgf]
;Qfsf sfof{nox?, lzIf0f ;+:yf, snsf/vfgf jGb_ sfo{qmd /x]sf 5g\ .
cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug{ hf/L jQmJodf elgPsf] 5–…g]kfnL
hgo'4n] /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] o; l:yltdf k'/fgf] ;Qfdf
ce"tk"j{ ;+s6 k}bf ePsf] 5 . slxn] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / slxn] ef/tLo
lj:tf/jfbsf] k|ToIf /fhg}lts / ef}lts ;xof]usf] cf8df cl:tTj wfGb} cfPsf] g]kfnL
;fdGtL ;Qf cfh ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] gf+uf] pkl:ylt cyjf x:tIf]k ljgf Psl5g klg
l6Sg g;Sg] ePsf] 5 . o; tYosf] kbf{kmf; xTof/f] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] s]xL lbgd} x'g
nflu/x]sf] !! lbg nfdf] ef/t e|d0fsf] k|bz{gaf6 eO/x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ g]=s=kf-dfcf]jfbL_
o; k|s/0fnfO{ e'6fgLs/0f x'“b} l;SsLdLs/0fsf] k'g/fj[lQ eGbf c? s]xL 7fGb}g /
o; lsl;dsf] /fi6«3ft tyf b}lgs ! b]lv @ bh{gsf] ;+Vofdf ul/b} cfPsf] hgxTofsf]
3f]/ eT;{gf dfq xf]Og kmf}hL k|lt/f]w ug{ ;d]t k|ltj4 /x]sf] 5 .
k'/fgf] ;Qfjf6 ePsf] /fi6«3ft / hgxTofsf >[+vnfx?sf] of] ;]/f]km]/f]df
;u/dfyf–hgsk'/ c+rn klg kb}{ cfPsf] 5 . hos[i0f uf]Ot h:tf euf}8fsf] t/fO{
hgtflGqs df]rf{sf] xjnf lbP/ t/fOsf] hgtflGqs cfGbf]ngnfO{ km"6 kfg]{ /
slxn] knfog, cfTd;dk{0f / ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ;kmfofsf] sfNklgs
syfx? ;+rf/ dfWodjf6 e6\6fO{ hgo'4sf] cfwf/ Wj:t kf/]sf] cfTd/ltdf k'/fgf] ;Qf
lnKt 5 . o; l:yltdf g]kfnL /fli6«otf / hgtGqsf] kIfdf ljut ( jif{b]lv dxfg\
hgo'4df ;fd]n xfd|f] kf6L{sf xhf/f} g]tf, sfo{stf{ / hgtfsf] xTofsf] lj/f]w ub}{
To;sf] k|lt/f]w ug'{ xfd|f] st{Jo x'g cfp5 . k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfn] xfn} dfq l;/xf
lhNnf kf6L{ ;b:o s=/fs]z-;"o{b]j zfx_, wg'iffsf lhNnf kf6L{ ;b:o s=/fh]z-/fdk|Lt
ofbj_, ;Kt/Lsf lhNnf ;b:o s=lbg]z, pbok'/sf lhNnf ;b:o s=efjgf, l;Gw'nL lhNnf ;b:o
s=ljxfgL, cf]vn9'+uf lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o s=kj{t/fh e6\6/fO{-;'zLn_, ;f]n'v'Dj'sf
lhNnf kf6L{ ;b:o Pj+ clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf cWoIf s=cho, vf]6fª lhNnf kf6L{ ;b:o
s=l;h{gf / ef]hk'/df hgsnfsf/x? s?0ff, ;+sNk / piff nufot ;of}nfO{ lu/km\tf/LkZrft\
xTof ul/Psf] 5 .Ú
jQmJosf] cGTodf elgPsf] 5–…k'/fgf] ;Qfn] lu/km\tf/LkZrft\ xTof u/]sf
xfn}sf lo 36gfx?sf] k|lt/f]wdf xfd|f] ;u/dfyf– hgsk'/ If]qLo Jo"/f]n] cfh
k'if % ut]b]lv k'if !% ut];Dd hgsk'/ ;u/dfyf If]qJofkL hgkl/rfng, hg;+3if{ /
ljljw k|lt/f]wfTds sfo{qmdx? lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ k'if % ut]b]lv &
ut];Dd k|rf/ k|;f/, k'if * b]lv !# ut];Dd hgsk'/ / ;u/dfyfsf ;8sx? hfd ug]{-;8s
hfd_ tyf k'if !$ / !% ut] ;u/dfyf–hgsk'/ If]q jGb-oftfoft, pBf]uwGwf, k'/fgf]
;Qfsf sfof{nox?, lzIf0f ;+:yf, snsf/vfgf jGb_ sfo{qmd /x]sf 5g\ . xfdL o; If]qsf
;Dk"0f{ oftfoft Joj;foL, sd{rf/L, lzIfs, ljBfyL{, Jofkf/L, pBf]uklt, kqsf/,
dfgjclwsf/jfbL nufot cfd hg;d'bfodf 3f]lift ;+3if{sf sfo{qmddf ;xof]u ;d{yg
hgfp“b} sfo{qmd ;kmn kfg{ ;xof]u ul/lbg' x'g xflb{s ckLn ub{5f}+ . xfd|f]
ljgd|tfk"j{s cfu|xnfO{ j]jf:tf ubf{ To;jf6 pTkGg x'g] kl/0ffdsf] lhDd]jf/ ;DjlGwt
kIf g} x'g] s'/fsf] ;d]t o;} jQmJodfkm{t\ ;j}df hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxfG5f}+ .Ú
Oo"sf] PstkmL{ cleJolQmn] g]kfnL
hgtfsf] efjgdf ulx/f] 7]; k'¥ofPsf] 5M cWoIf k|r08
sf7df8f}+÷
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf k|r08n] g]kfnsf] e|d0f u/L kmls{Psf]
o'/f]k]nL o"lgogsf] k|ltlglw d08nn] e/kbf{] cGt/fli6o dWo:ytf / ;+ljwfg;efsf]
lgjf{rg h:tf] cfkm\gf] ;j{dfGo k|hftflGqs dfu tyf k|ltudgsf] lj?4 cfGbf]ng/t /fhg}lts
bnx?sf] dd{nfO{ k'/} a]jf:tf u/]/ k|ltlglw d08nn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] efagfdf ulx/f]
7]; k'/\ofpg] sfd u/]sf]df cfkm"x?n] cfZro{ dfg]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
o'/f]k]nL
o'lgogsf] Pp6f k|ltlglwd08n -6«f]osf_n] d+l;/sf] clGtd xKtf u/]sf] tLg lbg]
g]kfnsf] e|d0fkl5 ut d+l;/ #) ut] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_nfO{
lagf s'g} k"j{;t{ lx+;f 5f]8L jftf{df cfpg / gcfPdf dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhg}lts
p2]Zo gb]lvg] cf;osf] jQmJo ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] lyof] .
To;sf] efl]nkN6 k'; ! ut] cWoIf k|r08n] Ps jQmJo hf/L u/L pQm æk|ltlglw
d08nn] cfkm\gf] kf6L{, cfGbf]ng, /fhg}lts bn / cfd g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf
cufl8 cfTd;dk{g u/fpg vf]h]sf] xf] eg] Tof] ck]IFf slxNo} k"/f gx'g]
atfp“b} cfkm"x?n] g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d lxtnfO{ ;jf]]{k/L /fvL
u[xo'4sf] ;dfwfgdf o'/f]kLog o"lgogaf6 ;Gt'lnt / ;sf/fTds e'ldsfsf] ck]IFf
ub{5f} / To;sf lgldQ ;a} k|sf/sf] ;xof]u ug{ tof/ 5f}+ .Æ eGg' ePsf] 5 .
jQmJodf
cWoIF k|r08n] jQmJodf g]kfnsf] e|d0f u/L kmls{Psf] o'/f]lkog o"lgogsf]
k|ltlglw d08nsf ;fj{hlgs cleJolQmk|lt cfkm\gF] kf6L{sf] Wofg uDeL/ ?kn] cfslif{t
ePsf] hgfp“b} eGg'ePsf] 5–æk'/fgf] ;fdGtL ;Qf / zfxL ;]gfsf k|ltlglwx?sf]
PskIfLo s'/f ;'g]/ o'/f]lkog o"lgog h:tf] lhDd]jf/ cGt/fli6«o ;d'bfoaf6
k|hftGqsf] k"0f{tfsf] lgldQ ;+3if{/t xfd|F] kf6L{sf] lj?4 Psf+sL / u}/lhDd]jf/k"0f{
cleAolQm xfd|F nflu lgtfGt cgk]lIFt lyof] . xTof, n'6, anfTsf/ h:tf h3Go ck/fwdf
s'Voft / gful/sx?nfO{ a]kQf kf/L dfgjclwsf/sf] lvNnL p8fpg] sfddf ljZj /]s8{
sfod u/]sf] k"/fgf] ;Qfsf] ;}lgs clwgfosjfbnfO{ rf]VofP/ k|ltlglw d08nn]
g]kfndf s:tf] zflGtsf] ck]Iff u/]sf] xf] xfdLn] a'em\g ;s]sf 5}gf} .Æ
g]kfnsf]
/fhtGqnfO{ ;xof]u gug{ ef/tnfO{ Pl;ofnL dfgjlwsf/ cof]usf] cfu|x
sf7df8f}++÷g]kfndf ;~rflnt hgo'4nfO{ bjfpg ;xuf]u dfUg …/fhfÚ
1fg]Gb| ef/t e|d0f ug{ nfu]sf] k"j{;GWofdf Pl;ofdf dfgjlwsf/sf] l:yltsf]
lgu/fgL /fVg] Pl;ofnL dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u -PPrcf/;L=_ n] oxL k'; @ ut] -l8;]Dj/
!&_ Ps jQmJo hf/L ub}{ ef/tsf] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ dfgj hffltsf lj?4 /fHolgolGqt
ck/fwx/nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg lhDd]jf/ /fhtGqnfO{ ;xuf]u ug]{ cfkm\gf k'j{jtL{
;/sf/sf] ulNt gbf]xf]¥ofpg cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . cfof]un] g]kfnnfO{ w'hfw'hf kfb}{
eO/x]sf] eo+s/ xTof / c;'/Iff cGTo ug{ s'g} sbd grfn]df g]kfn Pl;ofn] clxn];Dd
gb]v]sf] ;jeGbf eo+s/ dfgjLo dxfljklQdf hflsg] r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 .
PPrcf/;Ln] pQm jQmJodf
æcfhsf]
ldltdf g]kfndf ef/tsf] e"ldsf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ xftxltof/ / /0fg}lts ;xof]u
ug]{ dfq /x]sf] 5 . d[To'sf o:tf xltof/x? lbO/x“bf o; -ef/t_ n] ljz]iftM ;+o'Qm
/fi6«;+3 / o'/f]lkog o'lgog / cGo cGt/fli6«o ;+:yfx?nfO{ 6f9} /fv]/, g]kfndf
dfgjLo hLjg /Iffsf nflu s'g} sbd rfNg lbPsf] 5}g . ef/tn] hfgfhfg g} zfxL ;]gfnfO{
zlQmsf] jj{/ k|of]u, u}/sfg'gL xTof, lx/f;tdf xTof, anTsf/, oftgf, j]kQf /
hg;+Vofsf] 7"nf] lx:;fsf] hj/h:t lj:yfkgsf nflu cg'dlt lbO/x]sf] 5 . zfxL
g]kfnL ;]gfn] ljNs'n b08lxgtfsf] cj:yfdf ;a} dfgj clwsf/ / dfgjLo d"No
dfGotfx?sf] 8/nfUbf] cfsf/df uDeL/ pNn+3g ul//x]sf] yfxf x'“bf–x'“b} klg
ef/tn] ;xuf]u ug'{n] dfgj hflt lj?4sf] ck/fwnfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] 7x5{ . clxn]
Pl;ofnL dfgjlwsf/ cfuf]usf] sfof{nodf k|fKt l/kf]6{ cg';f/ k|To]s 306f sd;]sd
@)) g]kfnLx? af; / ;'/Iffsf] ck]Iffdf ef/tdf k:5g\ . b'efUo{, ToxL l/kf]6{df ef/tn]
clxn] cfkm\gf pQ/L /fHox?df …dfcf]jfbLÚ nfO{ a9fg{sf nflu slDjª ck/]zg z'?
u/]sf] 5 . of] o;/L ;Ldf sf6]/ ef/tsf] e"lddf cfPsf g]kfnLx?nfO{ nlIft u/]/
yflnPsf] sbdsf] em'7f] jrfj xf] .Æ elgPsf] 5 .
pQm jQmJodf cufl8 elgPsf] 5æPl;ofnL dfgjlwsf/ cfof]u g]kfnsf /fhfsf]
ef/t e|d0f g]kfndf eO/x]sf] dfgjlwsf/sf] 3f]/ pNn+3gsf nflu ;}Go tyf /fhg}lts ;dy{g
k|fKt ug'{ xf] eGg] s'/fdf lj:j:t 5 . ef/tdf clxn] gof“ ;/sf/ 5 . o;sf]
k"j{jtL{ efhkfsf] ;/sf/n] sf7df8f}+sf] b/jf/nfO{ cl;ldt / cGwf] ;dy{g lbof]
. Tof] ;dy{g ef/tLo nf]stGq / o;sf] b]vfj6L wd{ lg/k]Ifjfb b'j}sf nflu nHhfsf]
ljifo lyof] . P=Pr=cf/=;L=ef/tsf] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ dfgj hffltsf lj?4 /fHolgolGqt
ck/fwx/nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg lhDd]jf/ /fhtGqnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ cfkm\gf k'j{jtL{
;/sf/sf] ulNt gbf]xf]¥ofpg cfu|x ub{5 .Æ jQmJodf cem cufl8 elgPsf] 5– æef/t
clxn] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ;'/Iff kl/ifb\df cfkm\gf] e"ldsfsf nflu k+lQmdf
v8f eO/x]sf] 5 . pQm kl/ifb\df ;+nUg h'g;'s} b]zn] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf dxf;GwLn]
;+/If0f u/sf] l;4fGtx?k|lt lgi7fjfg /x]sf] k|bz{g ug{ ;Ifd x'g'kb{5 . o;sf nflu
ef/tn] g]kfndf jftf{åf/f 4Gb Joj:yfkgsf nflu /rgfTds ?kdf e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{kb{5
. ;a} hgtflGqs zlQmx?nfO{ /fhfn] kfvf nufO/x]sf] jt{dfg l:yltdf pQm If]qaf6 bl/nf]
g}lts cfjfh t'?Gt rflxPsf] 5 .Æ
cfof]un] pQm jQmJodf ef/t ;/sf/nfO{ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;}Go ;xuf]ux?
k|fKt ug{sf nflu p;n] cGt/fli6«o dfgjLo / dfgjlwsf/sf dfGotfx?k|lt lgi7fjfg
x'g'kg]{ zt{ /fVg, g]kfndf dfgjLo k|ltj4tfdfkm{t nf]stGq, sfg'gsf] zf;g /
dfgjclwsf/sf] ;Ddfgdf cfkm\gf] ;fj{hlgs ;dy{g ;fj{hlgs ug{, ;+o'[Qm /fi6«;+3
tyf o'/f]lkog o'lgogh:tf cGt/fli6«o ;+:yfx?sf] ;+nUgtfdf jftf{ ug{ ;xof]u ug{,
cfkm\gf pQ/L /fHox?df g]kfnaf6 cfPsfx?nfO{ nlIft u/L yflnPsf] slDjª ck/]zg aGb
ug{, z/0ffyL{x?nfO{ ;a} lsl;dsf] dfgjLo ;xof]u k|bfg ug{, g]kfnsf] /fhfsf] ef/t
e|d0fnfO{ g]kfndf dfgj hLjgsf] IfltnfO{ tTsfn cGTo ug{ bjfj lbg cj;/sf] ?kdf
k+|of]u ug{ ;d]t hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . cfof]un] jQmJodf ef/tn] ;'/Iff kl/ifbdf cfkm\gf]
e"ldsf bfjL ug'{cl3 g]kfndfly ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] dxf;GwLdf lgi7fjfg /x]sf]
k|dfl0ft ug'{kg]{df ljz]if ?kdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 .
cfof]un] g]kfnsf] ;/sf/sf] j}wtfaf/] klg pNn]v ub}{ eg]sf] 5– æg]kfn
clxn] o:tf] b]z xf] hxf“sf] ;/sf/sf] j}wtf z'Go 5 . /fhfn] clxn] Pp6f gful/ssf]
klg hLjg /Iff ug{ g;Sg] c;Ifdtf k|i6 ?kdf b]vfPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] Psdfq /0fgLlt
dfgjLo hLjgsf] ;Ddfg gul/sg ansf] k|of]u /x]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;"rgfn]
dfgjlwsf/sdL{x? / b]zdf zflGtsf] nflu cfjfh p7fO/x]sf cGo ;dIfbf/ JolQmx?sf]
lj?4 l56\6} cft+sk"0f{ cleofg z'? ul/g] s'/f atfOPsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ef/tsf]
e"ldsf Psbd lg0ff{os 5 .Æ
hgkl/rfng, hg;+3if{ / kmf}hL ;+3if{sf
sfo{qmdx? tof/ kf/]sf] hfgsf/L
jL/u+h÷
jfUdtL±gf/fo0fL If]qLo Jo"/f] ;+of]hg ;ldltsf OGrfh{ tyf ;+of]hs sd/]8
s~rgn] ut d+l;/ #) ut] Ps k|]; jQmJo ;fj{hlgs ug'{eO{ hgkl/rfng, hg;+3if{ /
kmf}hL ;+3if{sf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx? tof/ kf/]sf] hfgsf/L ug'{ePsf] 5 . jxf“n]
sd/]8 :6flngsf] !@^ cf}+ hGdlbj;sf] cj;/df k'; % / ^ ut] hg;+3if{ / kmf}hL
;+3if{sf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? agfp“b} ;+3if{sf ?kdf dgfpg cfd kf6L{ k+lQm, hgd'lQm
;]gf, hg;Qf, df]rf{ / hj; nufot ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfodf ;+of]hg ;ldlt xflb{s
ckLn ;d]t ug'{ePsf] 5 . jxf“åf/f hf/L jQmJosf] k"0f{ kf7 tn lbOPsf] 5–
æcfb/0fLo hg;d'bfo,
xfd|f] dxfg\ tyf uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tjdf g]kfnL
hgtfn] ;~rfng u/]sf] hgo'4 /Iff / ;Gt'ngsf] r/0fx? kf/ u/]/ /0fg}lts
k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/L jL/tfk"j{s cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . /0fg}lts
k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0f hgo'4sf] ;du| ljsf;df clGtd, lg0ff{os / dxTjk"0f{ r/0f
xf] . xfd|f] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] ut >fj0fdf ;DkGg a}7sn] u/]sf lg0f{ox?
cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08åf/f k|]; lj1KtL dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs u/]b]lv g} /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o
/0fg}lts /+ud~rdf t/+u k}bf u/]sf] 5 . /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o :t/df ePsf hgkl/rfngn]
/fhg}lts x:tIf]ksf] k|lqmof tLj| aGb} uPsf] 5 . dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfb /
k|r08kynfO{ gof“ :t/df :yflkt u/]sf] 5 . ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf lj?4 rf}tkmL{
cfqmd0f s]lGb|t ug]{ lg0f{on] l;¨f] b]z Pstfa4 x'g] k|lqmof 3lge"t eO/x]sf]
5 . ;+efljt x:tIf]ksf lj?4 k|lt/f]wsf nflu cfd hg;d'bfo dfgl;s / ef}lts ?kn] ;d]t
tof/ x'“b} uPsf 5g\ . hgo'4sf] u'0ffTds ljsf;sf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9\b} hfg]
k|lqmofdf b]zL–ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbLx? gof“–gof“ if8oGqsf tfgjfgf a'Gg ;lqmo
ePsf 5g\ . b]zLo ;fdGtjfbsf] gfOs] 1fg]Gb| zfxL r/d csd{0otfjfbsf] l:yltaf6
eofgs d"v{tf / /fli6«o u2f/Lsf] af6f]df p2t eO/x]sf\] 5 . b]zsf] of] ;+j]bgzLn
l:yltdf l;¨f] b]z h'?Ss p7]/ k|lt/f]w gug]{ xf] eg] b]zsf] cl:tJt ;dfKt x'g] vt/f
lbg k|ltlbg al9/x]sf] 5 . ctM b]zL–ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf] if8oGqnfO{ rsgfr'/
kfg{, j}b]lzs x:tIf]knfO{ /f]Sg, ;fdGtL k|ltudnfO{ /f]Sg, ;}lgsLs/0fsf]
k|lqmofnfO{ cGTo ug{, zfxL hNnfbx?åf/f eO/x]sf] g/;+xf/nfO{ /f]Sg ;Dk"0f{
hgkIfLo zlQm Psh'6 eP/ ;+3if{sf] cf“wLa]x/L >[li6 ug'{afx]s csf]{ ljsNk
jf“sL /x]sf] 5}g .
/0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] klxnf] of]hgfsf] kmf}hL sfjf{xLsf] z'?jft klZrd
sdf08 / dWo sdf08n] zfgbf/ 9+un] ul/;s]sf] 5g\ . k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo sdf08 /
k"jL{ l8lehgsf] a}7sn] lgb]{zg u/]cg';f/ o; jfUdtL±gf/fo0fL IF]qLo
Jo"/f] ;+of]hg ;ldltn] hgkl/rfng, hg;+3if{ / kmf}hL ;+3if{sf of]hgf tyf
sfo{qmdx? tof/ kf/]sf] 5 . pk/f]Qm sfo{x?sf] sfof{Gjog k|lqmof lgs6 eljiodf z'?
x'g] s'/f cfd hg;d'bfodf ;'gfpg kfp“bf xfdLnfO{ v'zL nfu]sf] 5 . lgZro klg
/0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] of] of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9\b} hf“bf cfd
hg;d'bfosf] cem} a9L ;dy{g, cem a9L ;xof]u / Tofusf] vf“rf] kb{5 . xfdLnfO{
ljZjf; 5, ljutdf em}+ cfd hg;d'bfoaf6 x/k|sf/sf ;xof]u k|fKt x'g]5 . o;} ;Gbe{df
;j{xf/f ju{sf dxfg\ g]tf s=:6flngsf] !@^ cf}+ hGdlbj;sf] cj;/df oxL k'; % / ^ ut]
hg;+3if{ / kmf}hL ;+3if{sf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? agfp“b} ;+3if{sf ?kdf dgfpg cfd
kf6L{ k+lQm, hgd'lQm ;]gf, hg;Qf, df]rf{ / hj; nufot ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfodf ;+of]hg
;ldlt xflb{s ckLn ub{5 .Æ
g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{åf/f
;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff
lxhf] / cfh sf7df8f}+sf oftfoft / k'/fgf]
;Qfsf sfof{no 7Kk
sf7df8f}+,]÷g]jfM
/fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnn] cfkm\gf ;ft ;'qLo dfux? cl3 ;fb}{ klxnf] r/0fsf]
;+3if{sf sfo{qmdcGtu{t oxL k'if % / ^ ut] b'O{ lbg sf7df08f} pkTosfleq ;/sf/L
sfof{nox? / oftfoft aGbsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf]df lxhf] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf oftfoft /
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf sfof{no 7Kk /x]sf 5g\ . cfh klg jGbsf] Jofks k|efj /x]sf] s'/f
xfd|f ;+jfbbftfn] k7fPsf] vj/df hgfOPsf] 5 . klxnf] r/0fsf] ;+3if{jf6 klg dfu
k"/f geP cem ;zQm sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug]{ klg hgfOPsf] 5 . df]rf{åf/f
3f]lift sfo{qmdk|lt cg]/f:jljo"-qmflGtsf/L_ pkTosf ljz]if ;+u7g ;ldltsf ;+of]hs
/fhsfhL dxh{g, clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'gLog dxf;+3 pkTosf ;dGjo ;ldltsf ;+of]hs
uf]ljGb kf}8]nn] jQmJo k|sflzt ub}{ P]Soj4tf k|s6 ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
;+3if{sf
sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug{ g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfn s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf cWoIf
kjgdfg >]i7n] hf/L ug'{ ePsf] jQmJodf lgDg dfux?nfO{ /fv]/ ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff
ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . df]rf{sf dfux? o;k|sf/ 5g\
j]kQf kfl/Psf g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo
;b:ox? afj'sfhL >]i7, /fh]Gb| dfnL, ch{'g dxh{g, led dxh{g tyf ;b:ox?
lgZrn gsdL{, ;'lrGb| >]i7 nufot j]kQf kfl/Psf ;j} ljBfyL{ dhb'/, ls;fg,
dlxnf a'l4hLljx?nfO{ ;fj{hlgs / l/xfO{ u/fpg xfd|f] df]rf{ nufot ljleGg
;+u7gx?n] k6s k6s cfGbf]ng ub}{ cfPs]f s'/f ;j{ljlwt} 5 . xfd|f] ;+u7gn]
xfd|f j]kQfdf k/]sf ;flyx?sf] gfdfjnL ;'lr ;fj{hlgs ub}{ cfPsf] xf] t/
;+3if{af6 eolet k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] u[xdGqfnosf] ;x—;lrjsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t ;ldltn]
;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] elgPsf ;'lrx?df xfd|f ;+u7gx?n] pNn]v ul/Psf Pshgfsf] klg
gfd /x]sf] 5}g . pQm ;ldltn] j]kQf gful/sx?sf] gfd ;fj{hlgs ug]{ gfddf k6s
k6s ufO{hfqfsf] dGrg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;sf] xfdL 3f]/ eT;{gf / lgGbf ub}{
bnfn tyf ;fdfGtL lg/+s'z k'/fgf] ;Qf4f/f j]kQf kfl/Psf ;a}nfO{ t'?Gt ;fj{hlgs
Pj+ l/xfO{ ug{ xfd|f] df]rf{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5 .
b]zJofkL?kdf dfcf]jfbL bdg ug]{ gfddf lgbf]{z / lgxTyf
hgtfsf] zfxL hNnfbx?n] sTn]cfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ g}lts ;d{yg
u/]s} sf/0f pgLx?nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/]/ slyt d'7e]7sf] gfddf xTof ub}{ cfPsf] 5
. sf7df08f} pkTosfdf /flt /flt ljgf ;'rgf l;len kf]zfssf zfxL hNnfbx?n]
5fkfdfg]{, lu/km\tf/ ug]{, af6f]df lxl8/x]sfx?nfO{ ckx/0f u/L j]kQf kfg]{
h:tf lgGbgLo sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ljZjJokL ?kdf lgGbLt o:tf] lqmofsnfk t'?Gt
/f]Sg xfd|f] df]rf{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5 .
dfG5] j]kQf agfpg] sfd j}wfgLs jgfpg lg/+s'z /fhtGqsf]
Pdfn] ;xefuL /x]sf] v]tfnf ;/sf/n] cWofob]z dfkm{t cft+ssf/L tyf ljWj+;fTds
sfo{-lgoGq0f tyf ;hfo_ cWofb]z-6f8f]_NofP/ Ps jif{;Dd s;}nfO{ e]6\g gbLO{ lu/km\tf/
u/]sf] hgfsf/L ;d]t gbLO /fVg kfpg] sfnf] sfg'g NofPsf] 5, h;sf] /fli6«o
tyf cGt{/fli6«o ?kdf 3f]/ lgGbf / eT;{gf x'b} cfPsf] 5 . o:tf] sfnf] sfg'g
t'?Gt vf/]h ug{ xfd|f] df]rf{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5 .
cfh hgtf emg emg ul/jLsf] df/df kb}{ uPsf 5g\ eg] csf]{tkm{
cfkm'nfO{ sDo'lgi6 eGg] Pdfn] ;xefuL ;/sf/n] k]6«f]nLod kbfy{, lrgL nufot
hgtfsf b}lgs cTofjZos j:t'x?sf] d'No a[l4 u/L hgtfsf] 9f8 ;]Sg] / cfkm\gf]
vNtL eg]{ sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o:tf] sfo{sf] lgGbf Pj+ eT;{gf ub} d'No' j[l4
cljnDj lgoGq0f ug{ / sfnfahf/L tyf ei6frf/Lx?nfO{ s8f sfjf{xL ug{ xfd|f]
df]rf{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5 .
ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb cfh cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;+usf] ldlneutdf :jfledfgL
g]kfnL hgtfx?sf] 5ftLdf ;+lug /f]Kg, uf]nL 7f]Sg / g]kfndfly lgoGq0f ug{ lg/+s'z
bnfn tyf ;fdfGtL ;Qf;+u s'd hf]8]/ g]kfn k:g vf]Hb}5 . ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbL
x:tIf]ksf] lj?4 ;a} b]zeQm g]kfnLx? Ps eO{ n8\g' kg]{ l:ylt ;[hgf ePsf] 5 /
/fli6«o cfTd;d{k0fjfbL uBf/x?nfO{ unxTofP/ b]z lgsfnf ug{ ;a}
g]kfnLx? Psh'6 eO{ ;+3if{sf] nflu cfufl8 a9\g xfd|f] df]rf{ cfu|x ub{5 .
ax';+Vos pTkLl8t cfbLjf;L, hflt÷hghfltx? /x]sf] b]zdf
cNk;+Vos v; afx'gjfbL ;Qfn] c? hfltdfly pTkL8g ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . To;}n] bnfn
tyf ;fdfGtL /fhtGqsf] ;d'n gi6 u/]/ u0ftGqfTds g]kfndf cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/sf]
Uof/]G6L ;lxt hflto :jzf;gsf] :yfkgf ug'{ ;Dk'0f{ pTkLl8t hflt÷hghftLx?sf]
nflu clgjfo{ ePsf] 5 . sf7df08f} pkTosfdf g]jf/ :jzfl;t If]q :yfkgf ug{sf
vflt/ g]jf/x?nfufot ;a} hgtfnfO{ ;zQm 9+un] cfGbf]ngdf pqg xfd|f] df]rf{
cfu|x ub{5 .
oL ;a} ;d:ofx?sf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf] nflu ;a{kIfLo
;Dd]ng, cGt/Ld ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj clgjfo{ 5 . cfh b]z k'/} ;+ljwfg;efsf]
kIfdf uO;s]sf] 5 . o; k|lqmofdf hfg ;a}eGbf klxnf e/kbf]{ cGt{/fli6«o
dWo:ystf{sf] ;xeflutfdf zflGtjftf{] x'g' kb{5 . ;j{k|yd o;sf] nflu jftf{sf]
jftfj/0f k'/fgf] ;Qfn] g} tof/ kfg'{ kb{5 / p;n] cfkm\gf sk6k'0f{ rfnafhL
t'?Gt aGb ug'{kb{5 .
/fi6«;+3Lo
cfof]uåf/f j]kQf agfpg] sfo{df k|ltjGw nufpg dfu
sf7df8f}+÷
;+o'Qm /fi6|;+3Lo dfgjflwsf/ cfof]usf] anft\ jf cg}lR5s ?kn] a]kQf kfg]{
sfo{;DaGwL sfo{sf/L ;d"xn] g]kfndf ;}lgs Aof/]sdf afx\o ;Dks{lagf y'gfdf /fVg]
zfxL ;]gfsf] sfo{df k"0f{ k|ltaGw nufpg'kg]{ dfu u/]sf] 5 . ;f] ;d"x?n]
g]kfndf ed|0f u/L /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]unfO{ k"j{;"rgf jf
cg'dltlagf y'gfdf /flvg] ;a} :yfgdf lagfcj/f]w k|j]z lbg'kg]{ dfGotf cufl8 ;d]t
cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 .
/fli6«o k|fjwfgx? tyf cGt/f{li6«o st{Jox?
x'+bfx'+b} klg dfgjclwsf/sf cfwf/e"t dfGotfx? Jofks ?kdf pNn+3g ul/Psf]
hgfpb} ;f] ;d"xn] dfcf]jfbL ePsf jf dfcf]jfbL;DaGwdf ;"rgf ePsf]
cfz+sfdf lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf hgtfsf] sfg'gL ;+/If0fsf] cefj ;aeGbf uDeL/ rf;f]sf
d'2fx?dWo] Pssf ?kdf /x]sf] ;d]t atfPsf] 5 . ;f] ;d"xn] e|d0fkl5 hf/L
u/]sf] jQmJodf æ;fj{hlgs ;'/Iff P]g tyf cft+ssf/L tyf ljWj+;fTds ultljlw
lgoGq0f;DaGwL cWofb]zsf ?kdf cfPsf] cft++sjfbL lj/f]w sfg'g dfgjclwsf/ pNn+3g
ug{df k|of]u ul/Psf] atfOPsf] 5, cGo k|fjwfgx?sf cnfjf y'gfdf /fVg] sfg'gL :yfgsf
?kdf ul/Psf] c:ki6 kl/efiffnfO{ ;]gfn] ;}lgs Aof/]sdf aGbLx?nfO{ y'gfdf /fVgsf
nflu k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ . æo'4sf] vt/f, o'4sf] l:ylt, cfGtl/s /fhgLlts cl:y/tf jf
cGo s'g} ;fj{hlgs ;+s6sf] cj:yf h'g;'s} l:ylt eP klg anft\ a]kQf kfg]{ sfo{nfO{
Gofof]lrt 7x¥ofpgsf nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg] 5}g Æ elgPsf] 5 .
sfg'gL
cfb]zljgf ;fbf kf];fsdf cfPsf ;}lgs4f/f lu/km\tf/ ug]{ ul/Psf tyfslyt …/IffTds
lu/km\tf/L’ tyf ;}lgs Aof/]sdf aGbL agfOPsf / jlsn jf kl/jf/;+u
;Dks{ ug{ glbOPsf 36gf;DaGwL hfgsf/L b]zsf ljleGg efuaf6 k|fKt ePsf] hgfpb} ;f]
;d"xsf ;dfwLIfs k|f]= :6]km]g h] 6'k]n] ;}lgs Aof/]sdf aGbL agfOPsf
JolQmx?sf] s'g} ;"rL ;DalGwt lgsfon] g/fv]sf] / aGbLdfly oftgf tyf b'Jo{jxf/
x'g] u/]sf] klg Jofks ?kdf ;'g]sf] atfpg'eof] .
b/jf/sf b't cd]l/sL /fhb'tsf] z/0fdf
sf7df8f}+÷
cfkm\gf] k|ltudgsf/L ;}Go zfifg / g/;+xf/sf sf/0f ljZje/ jbgfd x'g k'u]sf /fhf
1fg]Gb|n] ut d+l;/ @% ut] cfkm\gf Ps hgf b'tnfO{ cd]l/sL /fhb't sxf“ k7fP/ /fhfsf]
ef/t e|d0fsf] qmddf xltof/, tflnd / cfly{s ;xof]u cfpg nfu]sfn] s]xL ;do;Dd cd]l/sfn]
zfxL ;]gfn] u/]sf] dfgjclwsf/ pn+3gsf] ljifodf gjf]Ng cg'go u/]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5
.
o;/L
/fhfsf] b't jg]/ cd]l/sL b'tfjf; hfg] JolQm cfkm"nfO{ cjsf] k|wfg;]gfklt
jtfpg] zfxL ;]gfsf hg/n ?sdfªu s6'jfn /x]sf] s'/f hgfb]znfO{ ljif]if ;|f]tjf6
k|fKt ;"rgfdf hgfOPsf] 5 . ;|f]tsf cg';f/ pgn] cd]l/sL /fhb'tnfO{ …dfcf]jfbLn]
;]gfn]eGbf a9L dfgjclwsf/ pn+3g u/]sf]Ú eg]/ jf]lnlbg tyf zfxL ;]gfn] u/]sf
dfgjclwsf/ pn+3gsf ljifodf jflx/ s'g} s'/f gug{ tyf ;/sf/ / ;+;bjfbL
kf6L{x?nfO{;d]t slGeG; u/fOlbg cfu|x u/]sf lyP .
/fhfsf]
b't jg]/ cd]l/sL /fhb'tsf] z/0fdf uPsf ?sdfª\u s6'jfnn] ut jftf{sf] ;dodf ePsf]
zfxL ;]gfnfO{ % lsdL If]qdf ;Lldt /fVg] ;xdltsf] lj?4 nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb, Kof/fh¨
yfkf, b]aL/fd zdf{, ZofdeQm yfkf / ;xjL/sf ;fd'Gg] tTsflng dGqL /d]zgfy kf08] /
gf/fo0f l;+x k'gnfO{ 7f8} ufnL u/]/ xKsfPsf lyP . pgn] ;'/Iff kl/ifbsf] cl3lNt/
;]gfsf] kf]i6 v8f ug]{, dfcf]jfbL jftf{ sfof{nosf] ;'/fsL ug{ zfxL ;]gfnfO{ kl/rfng
ug]{ tyf jftf{ ef8\g l:ylt e6\sfpg] vngfossf] e'ldsf v]n]sf] jtfOG5 . lj|u]l8o/
x'“bf g} l/6fo/ x'g'kg]{df pd]/ ;RrfP/ k|e' ;dz]/sf] rfs8Ldf clxn] pgL cfdL{sf]
t];|f] 7"nf] dfG5] ag]sf] s'/f ;|f]tn] jtfPsf] 5 . pgn] cfkm"nfO{ b/jf/sf]
ljZjf; k|fKt ePsfn] Kof/fh¨kl5 ;]gfsf] k|wfg;]gfklt cfkm" g} jGg] jtfpb}
lx8]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . xfn pgsf 5f]/f ;'df¨u b/jf/df s6'jfn /x]sf] / clxn] cd]l/sfdf
6]«lgª ln+b} /x]sf] jtfOPsf] 5 .
zfxL
;]gfsf] SofDkleq} k|zfGtsf] xTof
pgL
dfcf]jfbLsf] s'g} lhDd]jf/Ldf gePsf] hfgsf/L
sf7df8f}+÷zfxL
;]gfn] cfkm\gf] SofDkleq} xTof u/]/ cfTdxTofsf] k|rf/ ul//x]sf ;fw'/fd
b]jsf]6f-k|zfGt_ kl5Nnf] ;dodf dfcf]jfbL] kf6L{sf] s'g} klg lhDd]jf/Ldf gePsf]
s'/f ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfn kfrf} lj|u]8 sfof{non] hgfb]znfO{
lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ lgh ;fw'/fd b]jsf]6f k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] zfxL ;]gfn] uf]ojN;
z}nLdf k|rf/ u/] h:tf] geP/ pgnfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] t]¥xf} j6flnog cGtu{tsf] ;L
sDkgLsf] ;xsld;f/sf] lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf]df pgn] j6flnog PrSo"nfO{ 9f6]/
sf7df8f}df uO{ cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf lyP . slyt cfTdxTofsf] gf}6+sL kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
zfxL ;]gfsf k|jQmfn] lghsf] jf/]df lbPsf hfgsf/Lx?n] klg pgsf] cfTd;dk{0fjf/]
k'li6 x'g] jtfOPsf] 5 .
lgh
k|zfGtn] zfxL ;]gf ;fd' cfTd;dk{0f u/]kZrft\ pkTosfdf 8]9 bh{g dfcf]jfbL
sfo{stf{x?sf] lu/km\tf/L u/fPsf], zfxL ;]gf;“u ldlneutdf nfvf} ?k}of nu]sf]
tyf Jof/]sdf d:tL ub}{ pkTosfdf dfcf]jfbL ;vfk kfg]{ s;d vfPsf] s'/f lj|u]8
sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . k|zfGtn] j6flnog sfof{nonfO{ 5SsfP/ sf7df8f}df knfog e}
u2f/L u/]b]lv g} pgL kf6L{sf] s'g} lhDd]jf/Ldf g/x]sf] s'/f lj|u]8 sfof{non]
:ki6 kf/]sf] 5 .
bf]nvf
d'9]+sf] lgufn], x]6f}8fsf] rf}38f / ljz]iftM gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/jf/jf6 !&
lsdLsf] b'/Ldf /x]sf] zfv' Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nodfly hgd'lQm ;]gfn] u/]sf] zfgbf/
;kmn sf/jfxLkZrft\ cQflnPsf] zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] k|zfGtsf] 7]Ssfsf] cjlw ;DkGg
u/]sf] dxz'if ub}{ qm'/tfk"j{s xTof u/]sf] s'/f lj|u]8 sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5
. lj|u]8 sfof{nosf cg';f/ h'Qfsf] t'gfsf] kf;f] nufP/ Jof/]sleq} cfTdxTof u/]sf]
eGg] h:tf] ;km]b em'7 / nHhf:kb k|rf/ u/]/ b'lgofnfO{ j]s'k jgfpg] sfd zfxL cd]l/sL
;]gfn] ul//x]sf] 5 .
o;}jLr
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_, pkTosf ljz]if ;+u7g ;ldltsf OGrfh{ k|efls/0fn]
k'if % ut] Ps jQmJo hf/L ub}{ k|zfGtnfO{ zfxL ;]gfsf] SofDkleq} xTof ul/Psf]
hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] hf/L u/]sf] jQmJodf elgPsf] 5 æxfd|f] dxfg\ Pj+ uf}/jzfnL
kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf sf7df08f} ljz]if ;+u7g ;ldltsf k'j{ ;+of]hs k|zfGt,
zfxL cd]l/sL hNnfbx? ;dIf oxL sftL{s !(ut] cfTdf;d{k0f ug{ uPsf] ;a}nfO{ hfgfsf/L
ePs} xf] . cd]l/sL zfxL hNnfbx?n] pgsf] ;xof]uaf6 kf6L{nfO{ s]xL If]lt k'¥ofpg
;kmn klg ePsf] 5 . / pgLaf6 af“sL c? sfd x'g g;Sg] ePkl5 zfxL cd]l/sL hNnfbx?n]
pgnfO{ lxhf] k'if $ ut] 8f]/Ln] 3f6L c7\ofP/ df/L h'Qfsf] t'gfn] em'lG8P/
cfTdxTof u/]sf] k|rf/ u/]sf] 5 . ha ls pgL % lkm6 ^ OGrsf JolQm e'O{b]lv $lkm6 ^
OGrsf] em\ofndf em'08LP/ cfTdxTof u/]sf] eg]/ snfljxLg gf6ssf] d~rg u/]sf] 5 .
zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] aGb's s~r6df t]:of{P/ agfPsf] kf]i6df6dsf] l/kf]{6 h:tf]
;'s} cfo tfklg pgLx?sf] sAhfdf /x]sf] :jLsf/]sf] JolQmsf] klg o;/L lgn{Hh 9+un]
xTof u/]/ hgtfsf] cfvf“df 5f/f]xfNg] b'ik|of; ug]{ zfxL cd]l/sL hNnfbx?sf]
/fli6«o / cGt{/fli6«o ?kdf hlt;'s} e08fkmf]/ u/] klg sd} x'G5 . lt hNnfbx?nfO{
xfd|f] kf6L{ plrt ;dodf abnf lnO{ 5f8\g]5 . ;fy} xfd|f] kf6L{ bnfn tyf ;fdGtL ;Qfsf
xTof/fx?nfO{ ;dy{g ug]{ ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb / cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] Jofks e08fkmf]/
/ k|lt/f]wsf] tof/L ug{ ;d]t ;Dk"0f{ hg;d'bfonfO{ xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5 .Æ
d'Vok[i7 .. k'/fgf c+sx? .. ;Dks{ M janadesh@hotmail.com