s'/fsfgL

g]kfnL hgo'4lj?4 ef/tsf] x:tIf]k lj?4 o'/f]ke/ e08fkmf]/ ug]{ of]hgfdf 5f}+

k|efs/ zdf{– cWoIf cGt/fli6\otfjfbL g]kfnL P]Soj4tf d+r, hd{gL

!= of] tkfO{sf] ;+u7g s:tf] ;+u7g xf] <

of] xfd|f] ;+u7g cGt/fli6\otfjfbL, ;fdfGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfb lj/f]wL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?sf] -hf] oxf“ /fhg}lts z/0f jf cGo ljleGg sf/0fn] a;]sf 5g\_ ;femf k|hftflGqs ;+u7g xf] . o;n] Psflt/ oxf+ /x]sf g]kfnLx?sf] ljleGg :yfgLo ;d:ofx?sf] p7fg ub}{ To;sf] ;dfwfgsf] nflu lqmofzLn /x]sf] 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ ljZjsf] s'g} klg /fi6\df ePsf ;fdGtjfbL / ;}lgs zf;gsf lj?4sf d'lQm cfGbf]ng / ;fd|fHojfbL x:tIf]k lj?4sf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;dy{g ub{5 .

@= oxf+ slt g]kfnLx? /x]sf 5g\ / tL g]kfnLx?sf vf;vf; ;d:ofx? s] x'g\ <

oxf+ cGbfhL $ xhf/ g]kfnLx? /x]sf] xfdLn] cg'dfg u/]sf 5f}+ . xfdLx? g]kfnLx?sf] jf:tljs ;+Vof vf]hL ug]{ kIfdf 5f}+ . oxf+ b]zdf a9\b} uPsf] xTof, bdg / cft+sn] kLl8t, a]/f]huf/Ln] ubf{ Ph]G;L, bnfnx?nfO{ 7"nf] /sd a'emfO{ cfPsfx?, ljBfyL{x? / cGo sf/0fn] cfPsf g]kfnLx? /x]sf 5g\ . oxf+ a:gsf] nflu le;f gx'g]x? ;a}n] /fhg}lts z/0f lng' afx]s csf]{ af6f] 5}g\ .

oxf+ /x]sf g]kfnLx? ;d:o} ;d:ofsf] kxf8df plePsf] xfdLn] dx;'; ul//x]sf 5f}+ . Psflt/ hd{g ;/sf/n] g]kfnLx?sf] d'2fnfO{ xn'sf 9+un] lnO{ rf“8} l;Wofpg] u5{ eg] csf]{tkm{ Pp6} b]zleq ;Lldt Pl/of eGbf aflx/ hfg gkfpgfn] s}bL x'g' k/]sf] 5 . nfdf] ;do;Dd sfd ug{ gkfpg', kfP klg vt/gfs, kmf]xf]/L sfd ug'{kg]{, nfdf] ;do sfd cToGt Go'g >ddf ug'{kg]{, hd{gL k|zf;gdf sfo{/t sd{rf/L, gful/sx?sf] dlit:saf6 /+ue]b gLlt gx6\g', cToGt ckx]lnt, zf]lift x'g'kg]{, ef}lts ;'ljwf gePsf cgs06f/ 7fp+x?df a:g'kg]{, ;fdflhs sfdsf] gfddf >d zf]if0f ul/g', d'2f c;kmn ePkl5 lagf k|df0f t'?Gt} b]z lkmtf{ ug]{, cfkm\gf] :jtGqtfsf] pkof]u ug{ gkfpg' h:tf cgluGtL ;d:ofn] 3]l/Psf 5g\ . hf] g]kfnLx? oxf+sf] gful/s eP/ a;]sf 5g\ pgLx?n] klg bf]>f] bhf{sf] gful/s ePsf] dx;'; u/]sf] kfPsf 5f} .

oL ;a} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] nflu cfjfh p7fpg'sf] ;6\6f ljleGg sfuhft agfp+bf 7"nf] /sd c;'Ng], g]kfnLx?nfO{ ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ug{ nufpg] / To;af6 7"nf] /sd c;'Ng], g]kfnLx?nfO{ g]kfn lkmtf{ k7fpg], u'Ktr/L ug]{ h:tf sfo{x?df zfxL b'tfjf; / sG;'n]6 nfu]sf] xfdL hfgsf/L u/fpg rfxfG5f}+ .  

oxf+sf] ;/sf/n] lkmtF{ ubf{ g]kfnsf] ;fdfGtL ;Qfn] lagf k|df0f xltof/ / cg'bfg kfOg] nf]edf g]kfnL af]Ng] hlt ;a}nfO{ a'em\g], df]6f] /sd c;'Ng], y'Gg], oftgf lbg] h:tf sfo{x?sf] xfdL uDeL/ cfklQ hgfp+5f}+ . oL ;a}sf] sf/s g]kfnsf] /fhtGqfTds Joj:yf g} xf] .

#= oL ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg s;/L x'g;S5 eGg] nfU5 <

oL ;d:ofsf] d'n h/f] g} g]kfnsf] ;fdGtjfbL /fhtGqfTds Joj:yf ePsf]n] To;sf] cGTo / g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] k"0f{ Uof/]06L ug]{ k"0f{ k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] :yfkgf g} xf] eGg] nfU5 . hj /fHon] gful/sn] hGdl;4 kfpg'kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/x?s]f ;'lgZrt ub{5, gful/sk|lt jkmfbf/ aGb5, lg/+s'z aGb}g ta ljb]zdf cfpg'kg]{ lyPg t/ g]kfnsf] /fHoJoj:yf lg/+s'z, e|i6, bdgsf/L, xTof/f] dfq} geO{ ;+;f/d} ;a}eGbf j9L dfgjclwsf/ pNn3+gsf/L 7xl/Psf]n] of] lgsDdf ;QFaf6 hglxt x'g} ;Sb}g\ . t;y{ k"0f{ k|hftflGqs Joj:yf ePsf] eP xfdL z/0f lng, k9\g jf cGo sf/0fn] oxf+ cfpg'kg]{ lyPg .

$= g]kfndf ;+rflnt hgo'4nfO{ s;/L x]g{' ePsf] 5 < hf/L 4Gb zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf ;dfwfg x'g] s'g} ;+efjgf b]Vg'ePsf] 5 <

em08} @$) jif{b]lv g]kfnsf] lg/+s'z ;fdGtjfbL /fHoJoj:yfn] hgtfdfly zf]if0f, bdg / cTofrf/ ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . To;sf] k'0f{?kdf cGTo / gof+ ;'Gb/ g]kfnsf] :yfkgf @!cf}+ ztfJbLsf g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgf / cfsf+Iff ag]sf] 5 . ToxL ;'Gb/ / ;fj{ef}d g]kfnsf] :yfkgf / g]kfnL hgtfsf] d'lQmsf] rfxgfsf] vflt/ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+rflnt hgo'4nfO{ xfd|f] ;+u7gn] ;sf/fTds 9+un] x]/]sf] 5 .

hxf+;Dd g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] zflGtk'0f{ lgsf;sf] nflu /fv]sf] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfjsf] dfu cToGt ;fGble{s 5 . cem ;+o'Qm /fi6\;+3, o"/f]lkog o'lgog nufot cGo ljleGg ;+3;+:yfsf] dWo:ytfdf jftf{ x'g'kg]{ dfcf]jfbLsf] k|:tfjn] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf nflu pgLx? cToGt OdfGbf/ / uDeL/ ePsf] b]vfp+5 . olb g]kfndf zflGtk"0f{ lgsf; lgsfNg] xf] eg] of] afx]s csf]]]{ ljsNk gePsf] xfdLn] klg dxz'; u/]sf 5f}+ .

g]kfnsf] /fhtGq oL k|hftflGqs dfusf] ljkIfdf pleg' / ;+o'Qm /fi6\;3sf] dWo:ytf klg cfjZos gb]Vg'n] p;sf] zflGtk|ltsf] rfxgf zflGtsf] hnk cf]9L g/;+xf/ dRrfpg] rfxgfnfO{ g} k|i6ofp+5 . hgtfsf] sTn]cfd dRrfO{ g]kfnnfO{ cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf /fvL rLgnfO{ 3]g]{ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] cf8 / e/f];fdf l6s]sf] jt{dfg ;Qfn] zflGtk|ltsf] g]kfnL hgtfsf] rfxgfnfO{ a]jf:tf ul//x]sf] 5 .

$^ ;fnsf ;Lldt pknlAwx?nfO{ ;d]t cfkm\gf] sAhfdf lnO{ lg/+s'z aGb} uPsf] g]kfnsf] ;fdGtL Joj:yfsf lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ /fhg}lts kf6L{x?, dlxnf, ls;fg, ljBfyL{, lzIfs, kqsf/, gful/s ;dfh nufot ;a} tx / tKsfsf g]kfnL gful/sn] dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj nufotsf hfoh / k|hftflGqs dfux?nfO{ ;dy{g ub}{ zflGtk'0f{ 9+un] ;8s ;+3if{sf] dfWodaf6 cfjfh p7fpg] / cfkm\gf] eljZo cfkm}+ km};nf ug{ kfpg] g]kfnL hgtfsf] clwsf/nfO{ ;Ddfg ub}{ zflGtk|ltsf] g]kfnL hgtfsf] efjgfk|lt o'/f]lkog o'lgog, ;+o'Qm /fi6\ ;+3 nufotsf ;+3;+:yfx?n] klg OdfGbf/Lk"j{s kxn ug]{ xf] eg] zflGtk"0f{ lgsf; lg:sg ;S5 .  

%= u[xo'4sf] zflGtk"0f{?kdf cGtsf] nflu k'/fgf] ;Qf tof/ b]lvPsf] 5}g, tkfO{x?sf] tkm{af6 To;lj?4 s'g} k|efjsf/L bafad"ns sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ug]{ ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5 <

jt{dfg ;/sf/n] b]zdf rln/x]sf] u[xo'4nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfg gu/L ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf] cf8e/f];fdf l6sL o'4nfO{ eofjx agfO{ ;fd|fHojfbL / lj:tf/jfbLx? af]nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfsf] sTn]cfd ug]{ ;f]r agfO/x]sf] 5 . ;fd|fHojfbsf] ;xof]u gx'g] xf] eg] If0fe/d} 9Ng] ;fdGtL ;Qfsf] lj?4 zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g'k5{ eGg] p2]Zon] ljleGg ;+3;+:yfx?;+u ldn]/ ;+o'Qm ?kdf bafad'ns sfo{qmdx? ;+rfng ug]{5f}+ . ljutdf klg ljleGg sl7gfOsf afah'b ljleGg sfo{qmdx? Ufb}{ cfPsf lyof}+ .

xfdLn] g]kfnsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] nflu hd{gL nufotsf cGo d'n'saf6 lbOPsf] cg'bfg / C0f g]kfnL hgtfsf] xTof ug{, xltof/ lsGg k|of]u ePsf] / e|i6frf/ u/L ;f/f /sd k'/fgf] ;Qfaf6 b'?kof]u ePsf], o'/f]ksf ljleGg /fi6« nufot cd]l/sf, ef/t, a]nfot cflb b]zn] cfly{s, xltof/, nufotsf gfddf ;xof]u u/L k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ bdg, g/;+xf/ ug{sf nflu ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ eGg] jf:tljstf o'/f]lkog ;d'bfonfO{ a'emfpg] sfd ul//x]sf 5f}+ .

g]kfnsf] hgo'4 g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] kIf / lxtdf 5 . o;sf] lgsf; bdg, cft+s / j}b]lzs x:tIF]kaf6 geO{ jftf{ / ;dembf/Laf6 x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] krf{, kDkn]6, k|b{zg, 5nkmn, h'n';, cflb ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd, ljleGg ;+3;+:yfx? / cGo d'n'sdf /x]sf g]kfnL ;+3;+u7gx?;+u ldn]/ ug]{ of]hgfdf 5f}+ .

^= jftf{sf] dfWodn] plrt /fhg}lts lgsf;sf] ;+efjgf emg 6fl9b} uPsf] / ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb ;lxtsf ljb]zL zlQmsf] x:tIf]k a9\g yfn]sf] b]lvG5 . of] cj:yfdf tkfO{x?sf] d+rn] b]zdf zflGt :yfkgf / ljb]zL x:tIf]k lj?4 s] s:tf ultljlw ub}{5<

s'g} klg b]zleq rln/x]sf] cfGbf]ngsf] lgsf; Toxf+s} hgtfsf] xftdf lglxt x'g'k5{ . ljb]zL b]zx?n] To:tf b]zsf] zf;sx?nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ lgsf; lgsfNg jftf{ / ;xdltsf] af6f] /f]Hg bafa lbg'k5{ g ls x:tIf]k . clxn] ef/t cfkm\gf] lj:tf/jfbL gLlt cg'?k g]kfnsf] d'lQmo'4nfO{ x:tIf]k ug]{ vfnsf ultljlw cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] 5 . Pp6f ;fj{ef}d /fi6«dflysf] ;+efljt x:tIf]ksf lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ cGt/fli6\o ;d'bfon] lgGbf / lj/f]w ug'{ h?/L 5 . olb ef/tLo zf;sx?n] g]kfndf x:tIf]k u/] eg] ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx? Psh'6 eO{ ef/tLo Zff;sx?nfO{ g]kfnaf6 dfq geO{ blIf0f Pl;ofaf6} nv]6\g tof/ x'g'k5{ . To;} cg'?k xfdL o'/f]kdf a:g] g]kfnLx?n] ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] /j}ofsf] e08fkmf]/ ub}{ ef/tLo b'tfjf;dfkm{t 1fkgkq lbg] dfq} geO{ ljleGg sfo{qmdx? cfof]hgf u/L o'/f]lkog ;d'bfo ;dIf abgfd u/fpg] of]hgfdf nflu/x]sf 5f}+ . /, To;} cg'?k o'/f]ksf @) j6feGbf a9L zx/x?df ;+efljt x:tIf]ksf] lj/f]w / g]kfnL d'lQmo'4sf] ;dy{gdf g]kfnL tyf cGo ljleGg ;+u7gx?;+u ldn]/ km]a|'j/Lsf] bf]>f] xKtfb]lv dfr{sf] bf]>f] xKtf;Dd ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;+o'Qm ?kdf cfof]hgf u/]sf 5f}+ / cGo sfo{qmdx? klg aflx/ Nofp+b}5f}+ .

&= tkfO{x?n] dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf] ;d{ygdf jf]Nbf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+u7g ePsf] cf/f]k ;d]t nfUg] u/]sf] 5 lg <

g]kfnsf] ;fdGtjfbL /fHo;Qf hlxn] klg Gofo, ;To / ;+ul7t x'g kfpg] clwsf/sf] lj?4 /x]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt} 5 . h;n] Gofo / ;Tosf] kIfdf, b]zsf] pHhjn eljiosf] kIfdf, cGofosf] lj?4 cfjfh p7fp+5 ltgLx?nfO{ cft+sssf/L, c/fli6\o tTj eGb} bdg ub}{ cfkm\gf] v'gL / bdgsf/L e|i6 zf;g ;Qf l6sfpb} cfO/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtf o:tf] zf;g ;Qfsf] kIfdf gePsf] / cfGbf]lnt x'“b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ . clxn];Ddsf cfGbf]ngaf6 hgtfnfO{ wf]sf g} wf]sf afx]s s]xL nfu]g . To;}n] clxn] g]kfnL hgtfn] afWo eP/ z;:q ;+3if{sf] af6f] /f]h]sf x'g\ tfsL km]l/ klg o;/L wf]sf gxf];\ .

xfd|f] d+r of] l:yltsf] d'Nofªsg u/L clxn] g]kfndf rln/x]sf] hgo'4 / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{n] p7fPsf d'ne"t ljrf/x? h:tf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj, ;+o'Qm ;/sf/, uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf cfwfl/t /xL ;+o'Qm /fi6\;+3sf] dWo:ytfdf jftf{ u/L zflGtk"0f{ lgsf; lgsfNg] xf] ;f]+r cToGt ;fGble{s 7fGb5 . zflGt / k|ult rfxg] s'g} klg b]zeQm / /fhg}lts kf6L{nfO{ of] ljrf/df cfklQ x'g'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f 5}g . xfd|f] d+r klg o; ljrf/df k"0f{ ;dy{g ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 eg] jt{dfg ;fdGtL ;Qfn] rnfO/x]sf] xTof, bdg, cf+tssf] xfdLn] 86]/ lj/f]w ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+ . ;fd|fHojfbL tyf lj:tf/jfbL rl/q / x:tIf]ksf] klg xfdL lj/f]w ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5f}+ . o;}sf/0f jt{dfg k|ltlqmofjfbL zf;sx?n] xfdLnfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]k nufp+5 eg] xfd|f] eGg' s]xL 5}g . OG;f]km g]kfndf ;fj{ef}d ;Qf hgtfdf /x]sf], k"0f{ k|hftflGqs Joj:yf ePsf] b]Vg rfxg] ;fdfGtjfb, ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfb lj/f]wL rl/q ePsf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?sf] ;femf d+r xf] .

*= tkfO{x? b]zsf /fhg}lts zlQm / cfd gful/sx?nfO{ s]xL ;Gb]z lbg rfxg'x'G5 <

g]kfnL hgtfn] ;lbof}+b]lv ;fdGtL zf;g vKg afWo eO/x]sf 5g\ . To;sf lj?4 y'k} ;+3if{ / cfGbf]ng eO{ xhf/f}+ g]kfnL hgtfn] jlnbfg ul/;s]sf 5g\ . clxn] cfP/ lg0ff{os ;+3if{ rln/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL wtL{df gof+ g]kfn lgdf{0f ug]{ ;'j0f{ cj;/ cfO/x]sf] 5 . of] cj;/nfO{ gi6 ug]{ s+;x?sf] ?kdf cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb nflu/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;lbof}+b]lvsf] ;kgf c;kmn kfg{ nflu/x]sf] o; 38Ldf b]zdf lqmofzLn /x]sf k|hftflGqs / jfdkGyL /fhg}lts kf6L{x?, ljleGg ;+3;+:yfx?, gful/s ;dfhn] ljb]zL x:tIf]k /f]Sg / zflGtk"0f{ lgsf; lgsfNg OdfGbf/Lk"j{s kxn ug{ xfdL cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fdfGtjfbL ;Qfsf] cGTo ug]{ ;'j0f{ cj;/nfO{ u'Dg glbg ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL bfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgL Ps l9Ssf eO{ cufl8 a9\g / xfd|f k'vf{x?sf] Oltxf;nfO{ sfod /fVb} ;fdGtL ;Qf / To;nfO{ l6sfpg nfu]sf] ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf] lj?4 n8\g tof/ /xg'x'g]5 eGg] k"0f{ ljZjf; 5 . xfd|f] d+r klg o; n8fO{+df tkfO{x?;+u} ;fydf /x]sf] ;Gb]z lbg rfxfG5f}+ .

(= cGTodf s]xL eGg rfxg'x'G5 ls<

        oxf+x?n] o'/f]kdf /x]sf g]kfnLx?sf] efjgfnfO{ ;a}sf] ;fd" NofOlbg'ePsf]df xflb{s wGojfb lbb}+ ;Dk"0f{ kqsf/x?nfO{ ;w} b]z / hgtfsf] kIfdf lqmofzLn /xg cfJxfg ub{5' .

 d'Vok[i7 .. k'/fgf c+sx? .. ;Dks{ M janadesh@hotmail.com