d'Vo
;dfrf/x?
cWoIf
k|r084f/f ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf lj?4 cfGbf]ngsf] cf“lw ;[li6 ug{ ckLn
kmfu'g
! ut]b]lv b]zJofkL ?kdf clglZrtsflng gfsfaGbL / rSsfhfd
sf7df8f}+÷
b]z / hgtfsf lj?4 Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ cgluGtL ck/fwx? cl3 a9fO/x]sf] ;fdGtL gfos
1fg]Gb| zfxsf] lu/f]xn] cGttM cfkm\gf] kmf;Ljfbsf] qm'/tf gf+uf]9+un] k|bz{g ug{
k'u]sf] 5 . oxL df3 !( ut] ljxfg !) jh] 1fg]Gb|n] slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffdfkm{t\
b]zdf ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf] z'?jft ug]{ b':k|of; ug{ k'u]sf] 5 . 1fg]Gb| zfxsf]
of] slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffnfO{ ljut ( jif{b]lv b]zdf ;+~rflnt dxfg\ hgo'4sf] g]t[Tj
ul//x]sf] kf6L{ g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_n] tTsfn} vf/]h ul/lbPsf] 5
. g]kfn sDo"lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08n] df3 !( ut] Ps k|];
jQmJo hf/L ub}{ Oltxf;df cfºgf]
cfjZostf / cf}lrTo u'dfO;s]sf] ;fdGtL lg/ª\s'ztGqnfO{ ;bfsf lgldQ Oltxf;sf]
s“'8fss{6df ldNsfP/ hgtfsf] gof“ g]kfn lgdf{0f ug{] ;do cfO;s]sf] k|i6 kfg'{
ePsf] 5 . cfkm\gf] jQmJodf cWoIf k|r08n] cufl8 eGg'ePsf] 5– …;fdGtL lu/f]xsf]
of] clGtd kfunkgsf lj?4 Psh'6 eO ;+ljefg;ef / hgtfsf] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf]
Go'gtd ;femf gf/f cGtu{t b]zJofkL ljb|f]xsf] cf“wLa]x/L ;[li6 ug{ xfd|f] kf6L{
b]zsf ;a} /fhg}lts bn, af}l4s ;d'bfo, gful/s ;dfh Pj+ ljleGg tx / tKsfsf
hg;d'bfo;“u hf]8bf/ ckLn ub{5 .Ú
g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ PSsfO{;f}+ ztfAbLaf6 kmsf{P/ !% cf}+ ztfAbLlt/ nfg vf]Hg]
slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] tTsfn lj/f]w:j?k dfcf]jfbL4f/f cfXjfg ul/Psf] df3 @)
ut]b]lv @@ ut];Ddsf] tLg lbg] g]kfnaGbsf] sfo{qmd P]ltxfl;s ?kdf ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
g]kfn jGbsf] zfgbf/ ;kmntfkZrft\ cWoIf k|r08n] df3 @@ ut] Ps csf]{ jQmJo hf/L ub}{
1fg]Gb| zfxnfO{ p;sf] lg/+s'z / k|ltufdL sbd cljnDj lkmtf{ lng s8f r'gf}tL lbg'
ePsf] 5 . tTsfn lg/+s'z sbd lkmtf{ glnPdf dxfg\ hgo'4sf] bzf}+ jif{ k|j]zsf]
P]ltxfl;s lbg cfufdL kmfu'g ! ut]b]lv b]zJofkL ?kdf clglZrtsflng gfsfaGbL /
rSsfhfd sfo{qmddf pqg] s'/f cWoIf k|r08n] ;fj{hlgs ug'{ePsf] 5 . jQmJodf ;fdGtL
lg/+s'ztfsf lj/f]wL ;a} kIF;“u ;xsfo{ / Jofks df]rf{ sfod u/L cufl8 a9\g klg
cfXjfg ul/Psf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf s=k|r08n] df3 @@ ut] hf/L ug'{ ePsf] jQmJosf]
k"0f{ kf7 o;k|sf/ 5– æ;fdGtL lg/+s'z zf;gsf] clGtd 56\k6Lsf ?kdf efOdf/f
s[lqd /fhf 1fg]Gb| zfxLåf/f b]z / hgtfnfO{ cGwsf/ / cft+sdf 8'afpg] h+unL
d"v{tfsf] k|b{zg ul/Psf] 5 . @)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf
pknlAwx?dfly 6]s]/ nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf lgldQ ;+3if{/t dxfg\ g]kfnL hgtfsf cufl8
cj ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqnfO{ h/}b]lv pv]n]/ ldNsfpg] afx]s csf]{ ljsNk /x]s} 5}g .
lg/+s'ztGq / k|hftGqaLrsf] of] clGtd / lg0ff{os n8fOsf] ;+uLg df]8df b]zsf
;Dk"0f{ hgkIfLo /fhg}lts zlQm, gful/s ;dfh, jf}l4s ;d'bfo / ;j} tx / tKsfsf
hg;d'bfo Psh'6 eP/ cufl8 a9\g' Oltxf;sf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostf xf] . o;} P]ltxfl;s
cfjZostfnfO{ dWogh/ u/]/ g} xfd|F] kf6L{n] k"0f{ u+eL/tf / lhDd]jfl/tfsf ;fy
;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfsf lj?4 ;+o'Qm df]rf{sf] cfAxfg ul/;s]sf] 5 . Jofks ;+o'Qm
df]rf{sf] cfAxfgnfO{ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg xfd|F] kf6L{ o;} jQmJodfkm{t ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts
bnx?;“u :yfgLo / s]Gb|Lo b'j} :t/jf6 df]rf{ sfod ug]{ / cfGbf]ngnfO{ cu|ult
k|bfg ug{ tof/ /x]sf] 3f]if0ff ub{5 . cfk;L dgd'6fjnfO{ Tofu]/ b]z / hgtfsf] ;j{q
lxtsf lgldQ tn / dfly b'j}lt/jf6 df]rf{ sfod ub}{ lg/+s'ztGqsf lj?4 cfGbf]ngsf]
cf“lw ;[li6 ug]{ sfddf hxf“ h;/L ;+ej x'G5, Toxf“ To;/L g} cufl8 cfpg
xfd|F] kf6L{ ;j} hgkIfLo zlQmx?;“u xflb{s ckLn ub{5 . ;f] k|of]hgsf lgldQ cfkm\gf
tkm{jf6 cfjZos Tofu / nrstfsf nflu xfdL k"0f{ ?kn] tof/ /x]sf] s'/f ;DjlGwt
;j}df :ki6 ug{ rfxG5f}+ .
1fg]Gb|åf/f ul/Psf] k|ltufdL ;Qfkn6sf lj?å xfd|f] kf6L{n] tTsfn
k|ltlqmof:j?k cfJxfg u/]sf] df3 @) b]lv @@ ut];Ddsf] tLg lbg] g]kfn aGb
sfo{qmdnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ ;xof]u ug]{ cfd hg;d'bfok|lt xfdL xflb{s wGojfb 1fkg
ub{5f}+ . ;"rgf ;+rf/ tyf :jtGq kqsfl/tfdfly lg/+s'ztfsf] t/jf/ rnfp“b}
lxhf] kf]v/fdf zfxL ;}lgs cft+ssf/Lx?åf/f ljBfyL{x?dfly ul/Psf] gfhL zfxL
cTofrf/sf] 3f]/ eT;gf{ ub}{ xfd|f] kf6L{ b]zsf ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{, lzIFs,
k|fWofks / cleefjsx?;“u ;ZfQm k|lt/f]wdf pqg hf]8bf/ ckLn ub{5 . ;zQm k|lt/f]w
g} hg/Iffsf] Psdfq cfwf/ xf] eGg] s'/f ;a}n] cfTd;fy ug{' cfhsf] P]ltxfl;s
cfjZoQmf xf] .
o;} ;Gbe{df xfd|F] kf6L{ cfkm\gf] lg/+s'z / k|ltufdL sbd cljnDj lkmtf{
lng 1fg]Gb| zfxLnfO{ r'gf}tL lbG5 . olb cfkm\gf] lg/+s'z sbd lkmtf{ lnO“b}g eg]
xfd|f] kf6L{ dxfg\ hgo'4sf] bzf}+ jif{ k|j]zsf] P]ltxfl;s lbg cfufdL kmfu'g !
ut]b]lv b]zJofkL ?kdf clglZrtsflng gfsfaGbL / rSsfhfd sfo{qmddf pqg]5 . ;f]
cjlwsf lgldQ b}lgs pkef]Uo cTofjZos j:t'x?sf] e08f/ ub}{ cfGbf]ngsf] pQm sfo{qmd
;kmn kfg{ rf}tkmL{ ;xof]usf nflu xfd|F] kf6L{ b]zsf ;a} /fhg}lts bn, gful/s ;dfh,
jf}l4s ;d'bfo, kqsf/ ldq nufot ;a} tx / tKsfsf hg;d'bfo;“u xflb{s ckLn ub{5 .
PSsfO{:ff}+ ztfAbL hgtfsf] ztfAbL x'g]5 / ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGq k/f:t aGg] s'/f
lglZrt 5 .Æ
o;cl3 cWoIf k|r08n] df3 !( ut] hf/L ug'{ ePsf] k|]; jQmJodf elgPsf] 5–
æk"0f{ k|hftGq cyf{t u0ftflGqs Joj:yfsf lgldQ cu|;/ PSsfO{;f}+ ztfAbLsf
dxfg\ g]kfnL hgtfsf lj?4 dWoo'uLg ;fdGtL lg/ª\s'ztGq yf]kg]{ lgof]lht b'Z;fx;
cGtu{t s'Voft gf/fo0flx6L xTofsf08sf] d~rg ug]{ efOdf/f, hgxTof/f], e|i6 Pj+
b]z3ftL 1fg]Gb| zfxLsf] lu/f]xn] cGttM cfºgf] r]x/f hg;dIf pbfª\uf] kf/]sf] 5
. cfh ljxfg !) ah]sf] slyt zfxL 3f]if0ff dfkm{t 1fg]Gb| zfxLåf/f hgtfsf ljleGg
tx / tKsfsf cfjZostf / efjgfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ tdfd ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx? /
gful/s ;dfhsf] dfgdb{g ug]{ t'R5 s;/t dfq ul//x]sf] 5}g, clkt' b]z / hgtfsf lj?4
cyfx /Qmkft dRofpg] ;fdGtL kmf;Ljfbsf] qm'/tf ;d]t k|bz{g ul/Psf] 5 . g]kfnsf]
Oltxf;df e|i6frf/, tis/L, xTof / cft+sdf ;jf{lws jbgfd ;fdGtL lu/f]xn] /fli6«otf,
k|hftGq, b]zeQm / ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] s'/f ug'{ g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] lj?4 ul/Psf]
ljZdosf/L k|bz{g l;jfo c? s]xL x'g ;Sb}g .Æ
pQm jQmJodf cufl8 elgPsf] 5–æj}b]lzs ;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbsf] cf8df ;fdGtL
lg/ª\s'ztfsf] ;kgf b]Vg] Oltxf;sf …e"tÚx?sf] wDsLsf cufl8 dxfg\ g]kfnL
hgtf slxNo} em'Sg] 5}gg\ . O“6sf] hjfkm kTy/n] lbg b]z / hgtfsf] cfhsf]
b'b{zfsf] lglDt k|d'v lhDd]jf/ ;fdGtL lg/ª\s'ztGqnfO{ ;bfsf lgldQ Oltxf;sf]
s“'8fss{6df ldNsfP/ hgtfsf] gof“ g]kfn lgdf{0f ug{] ;do cfO;s]sf] 5 . )$^ ;fnsf]
hgcfGbf]ng / ( jif{sf] dxfg\ hgo'4 dfkm{t cfºgf] klxrfg ul/;s]sf hg;d'bfo cfºgf]
u0ftflGqs P]ltxfl;s sfo{ef/ k"/f ug{ ;Ifd /x]sf] tYo lglj{jfb 5 . Oltxf;sf]
lgod cg';f/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] lgldQ ;~rflnt dxfg\ hgo'4sf]
g]t[Tjsf] x}l;otn] xfd|f] kf6L{ 1fg]Gb| zfxLsf] slyt 3f]if0ffnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ?kn]
vf/]h ub{5 . b]z / hgtfsf] d'lQm / ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf] k"0f{ ;dflKtsf
lgldQ cGt;Dd n8\g] k|lt1f ub{5 . Oltxf;df cfºgf] cfjZostf / cf}lrTo u'dfO;s]sf]
;fdGtL lu/f]xsf] of] clGtd kfunkgsf lj?4 Psh'6 eO ;+ljefg;ef / hgtfsf]
nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] Go'gtd ;femf gf/f cGtu{t b]zJofkL ljb|f]xsf] cf“wLa]x/L
;[li6 ug{ xfd|f] kf6L{ b]zsf ;a} /fhg}lts bn, af}l4s ;d'bfo, gful/s ;dfh Pj+
ljleGg tx / tKsfsf hg;d'bfo;“u hf]8bf/ ckLn ub{5 . ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfsf lj/f]wL
;a} kIF;“u ;xsfo{ / Jofks df]rf{ sfod u/L cufl8 a9\g xfd|f] kf6L{ tof/ /x]sf]
tYo klg xfdL o; cj;/df :ki6 ug{ rfxG5f}+ .Æ
jQmJosf] cGTodf elgPsf] 5–æxfd|f] kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] dxfg\
hgd'lQm ;]gf;“usf] k|To]s df]rf{df k/flht x'“b} uPsf] slyt zfxL ;]gfnfO{
lj36g u/L p;“u /x]sf] xftxltof/ hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ ga'emfP;Dd hgo'4sf] Hjfnf
blGs/xg]5 . xfdL slyt zfxL ;]gfdf sfo{/t tdfd hjfg / clws[tx?nfO{ j}b]lzs
k|ltlqmofjfbsf] O;f/fdf b]z / hgtfsf lj?4 cfPsf] slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffnfO{ c:jLsf/
ug{, Toxf“af6 ljb|f]x ug{ tyf hgd'lQm ;]gf;“u Psfsf/ aGb} cfkm\gf ul/j
cfdfa'jf Pj++ bfh'efO / lbbLalxgLsf] /Iff ug]{ dxfg\ sfo{df ;+nUg x'g ljz]if
cfu|x ub{5f}+ . g]kfnsf] :jtGqtf tyf ;fj{ef}ldstf / ef}uf]lns cv08tfsf] /Iff
1fg]Gb| zfxLsf] ;fdGtL lu/f]xn] xf]Og dxfg\ g]kfnL hgtfn] dfq ug]{ 5g\ .
g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ PSsfO{;f}+ ztfAbLaf6 kmsf{P/ !% cf}+ ztfAbLlt/ nfg vf]Hg]
cfhsf] slyt zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] tTsfn lj/f]w:j?k xfd|f] kf6L{n] ef]ln df3 @)
ut]b]lv @@ ut];Dd g]kfnaGb ug{ ;a} /fhg}lts zlQm Pj+ cfdhg;d'bfo;“u xflb{s
ckLn ub{5 . eflj lbgdf cGo ;a} hgkIfLo zlQm;“u ljdz{ ub}{ k|lt/f]wnfO{ cem ;zQm
?kdf cl3 a9fOg] s'/f klg xfdL o;} jStJo dfkm{t :ki6 ug{ rfxG5f}+ . ;fy} g]kfnsf]
of] lg/ª\s'ztfjfbL sbdsf] lj/f]w tyf g]kfnL hgtfsf] k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngsf]
kIfdf cfjfh p7fpg ljZjsf tdfd hgkIfLo zlQmx?;“u xfdL xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ .Æ
1fg]Gb|sf]
lg/+s'z sbdsf] ljZjJofkL eT;gf{
sf7df8f}+÷
oxL df3 !( ut] tyfslyt /fhf 1fg]Gb| zfxn] cfkm}+n] lgo'Qm u/]sf] ;/sf/nfO{
avf{:t u/]/ cfkm}+n] zlQm xTofpg], b]zdf ;+snsfn nufP/ Go'gtd dfgjLo / j}olQms :jtGqtfsf]
ckx/0f ug]{, k|];sf] 3f“6L lgdf]7g], ;"rgf / ;Dks{sf ;Dk"0f{ dfWodx?
sf6\g], ;+;bLo bnsf g]tfx?nfO{ h]ndf vf“b]/ g]kfnnfO{ cGwsf/ / /fHocft+ssf]
vf8ndf hfSg] b'Z;fx; u/]sf 5g\ . @! cf}+ ztfAbLdf g]kfnnfO{ !% cf}+ ztfAbLsf]
h:tf] dWoo'udf kmsf{P/ n}hfg] …/fhfÚ 1fg]Gb|sf] k|ltufdL tyf lg/+s'z sbdsf]
b]zJofkL tyf ljZjJofkL eT;gf{ tyf lj/f]w ePsf] 5 .
1fg]Gb|
zfxsf] pQm sbdsf] b]zdf c;L k|ltzt eGbf a9L e"–efu sAhf u/L s]Gb|Lo ;Qf
sAhfdf cl3 al9/x]sf] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nufotsf cGo /fhg}lts zlQmx?, b]zsf
dfgjlwsf/ ;+3÷;+:yfx?, cGo ljleGg k]zfut ;+3÷;+:yfx?dfq} xf]Og ;+o'Qm /fi6«
;+3, o'/f]k]nL o'lgog nufot g]kfnsf] o; 36gfk|lt k|ltlqmof hgfpg] ljZjsf
;Dk"0f{ /fi6«x?n] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] pQm sbdsf] 3f]/ eT;gf{ u/]sf 5g\ . pQm
sbdsf] b]zleq ;j}eGbf klxnf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] eT;gf{ ub{} cfkm\gf] kf6L{n]
1fg]Gb| zfxLsf] slyt 3f]if0ffnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ?kn] vf/]h u/]sf] atfof] . ;f]xL
lbg ck/fGxdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf k|r08n] hf/L ug'{ePsf] jQmJodfkm{t 3f]/
k|ltufdL sbdsf] lj/f]w:j?k cfx\jfg ug'{ePsf] df3 @) b]lv @@ ;Ddsf] tLg lbg]
g]kfn aGb k"0f{ ?kdf ;kmn ;d]t eof] .
o;}u/L
b]zleqsf ljleGg /fhg}lts bnx? dWo] zfxL ;]gfsf] gh/aGbdf /xg'ePsf g]kfnL
sf+u|];sf ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] 3/d} ;]gfåf/f gh/aGbdf /x]sf] cj:yfdf
…6]kÚdf /]s8{ u/L aflx/ k|sfzdf cfPsf] jQmJodf hgtfnfO{ k|ltufdL sbdsf] lj/f]w
ub}{ hgtfnfO{ cfkm\gf] clwsf/ / ;fj{ef}d;Qf k|flKtsf] nflu ;8sdf pqg cfx\jfg
ug'{ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|;sf dxfdGqL ;'zLn sf]O/fnfn] k|ltudgsf] eT;gf{ ub}{ ca
cfkm\gf] kf6L{n] cfpg] dxflwj]zgdf u0ftGqsf] Ph]08f klf/t ug]{ atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
To;}u/L g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf k"j{ dxf;lrj uug yfkfn] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt u/L
…/fhfÚ sf] lg/+s'z sbdsf] eT;gf{ ub}{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3 nufot cGo cGt/fli6«o
hut / dfgjlwsf/jfbL ;+:yfx?nfO{ pQm sbdsf] lj/f]w ug{ / :jb]z / ljb]zdf a:g]
;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLnfO{ cfGbf]ngdf pqg cfx\jfg ug'{ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf
g]tf tyf sfo{stfx?n] lg/+s'z sbdsf lj?4 /fhwfgL / aflx/ cfGbf]ng ug]{ s]xL ;–;fgf
k|oTg u/]sf 5g\ eg] Pdfn] nufot cGo ;+;bjfbL bnx?n] tTsfn s'g} ultljlw u/]sf]
kfOPg . oxL df3 @# ut] Pdfn]sf g]tf emngfy vgfnn] Ps ;+rf/dfWod;“usf] s'/fsfgLdf
g]kfnL hgtfsf] k"0f{ ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf nflu ;a};“u ldn]/ n8\g] atfpg' x'“b}
dxf;lrj nufot cfkm\gf kf6L{sf !@ hgf s]Gb|Lo g]tfx?nfO{ y'lgPsf] hfgsf/L u/fpg'
ePsf] 5 . hgdf]rf{ g]kfnn] klg df3 @! ut] Ps jQmJo k|sflzt u/L pQm sbdsf] lgGbf
/ eT;gf{ u/]sf] 5 .
o;}u/L
k|jf;df /x]sf g]kfnLx?n] pQm sbdsf] 3f]/ eT;gf{ ub}{ jQmJox? hf/L u/]sf 5g\ . ef/tdf
hgclwsf/ ;'/Iff ;ldlt nufotsf ljleGg ;+u7gx?n] pQm sbdsf] eT;gf{ ub}{ lj/f]wsf
sfo{qmdx? to u/]sf] hgfPsf 5g\ . o'/f]kdf /x]sf g]kfnLx?sf ;+u7gx? cGt/fli6«otfjfbL
P]Soa4tf d+r–hd{gL, g]kfnL hgk|ultzLn d+r–a]NhLod / g]kfnL ;dfh–a]nfot,
l/klJnsg ;kf]{6 u'|k–o'/f]k, hd{gLdf cWog/t g]kfnL ljBfyL{x?, cd]l/sfdf /x]sf]
g]kfn cd]l/sL k|qsf/ ;+3 cflbn] klg 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] lg/+s'z sbdsf] lj/f]w u/]sf
5g\ . ;+;f/el/ /x]sf g]kfnLx?n] ljleGg ;+rf/dfWoddfkm{t 1fg]Gb|| zfxsf] sbdn] /fhtGqsf]
cGTo lgDTofPsf] / o;sf] kl/0ffd g]kfnL hgtfn] rf“8} lbg] k|ltlqmof lbPsf 5g\ .
sof}+n] u0ftGqsf nflu n8\g'kg]{ a]nf cfPsf] / To;sf] g]t[Tj dfcf]jfbLn] ug'{kg]{
pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .
…/fhfÚsf]
pQm sbdk|lt b]zaflx/jf6 k|ltlqmof JoQm ug]{ ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3, o'/f]k]nL o'lgog
nufot ;+;f/el/sf b]zx?n] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf dxf;lrj sf]kmL
cGgfgn] cfkm" pQm sbdaf6 b'MvL ePsf] hgfp“b} oL 36gfx?n] b]zdf zflGt / :yfloTj
gcfpg] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . jxf“n] k|hftflGqs clwsf/ / ;+:yfx?sf] tTsfn
k"g{jxfnLsf] dfu ug'{ePsf] 5 . o'/f]k]nL o'lgogn] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] pQm sbdsf]
lj/f]w / eT;gf{ ub}{ k|hftflGqs clwsf/sf] k"gj{xfnLsf] dfu u/]sf] 5 .
a]nfotn] Toxf“sf nflu g]kfnL /fhb'tnfO{ af]nfP? pQm sbdsf] eT;gf{ u/]sf] 5 .
p;n] tTsfn lj/f]w:j?k g]kfnnfO{ lb+O“b} cfPsf] ;}Go tflnd aGb u/]sf] 5 . To;}u/L
a]nfotn] hgtfnfO{ ;"rgf / ;+rf/sf clwsf/x?dfly aGb]h nufP/ g]kfnsf] jt{dfg
;/sf/n] leogf ;GwLsf] pNn+3g u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 . cd]l/sfn] klg aflx/L ?kdf
1fg]Gb| zfxsf] sbdsf] lj/f]w u/]sf] 5 t/ jt{dfg ;/sf/;“u / zfxL ;]gfsf hg/nx?;“u
;Dks{ u/]/ p;n] k'/fg} /j}of b]vfpg yfln;s]sf] 5 .
ef/tn]
pQm 36gfaf/] k|ltlqmof lb+b} o:tf ljsf;qmdx?n] g]kfnsf] k|hftGqdf uDeL/ ?sfj6
k}bf u/]sf] / of] ef/tsf] nflu uDeL/ lrGtfsf] ljifo ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . ef/tsf] ;+o'Qm
k|ultzLn u7jGwgdf ;+nUg ef/tLo /fli6«o sf+u|]; afx]ssf l;lkcfO, l;lkPd,
l;lkcfO-PdPn_, ;dfhjfbL kf6L{, km/jf8{ aNs, hgtf bn / pQm u7aGwg aflx/ /x]sf
;/sf/df ;+nUg ;a} bnx?n] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] lg/+s'z sbdnfO{ j}wflgstf ldNg] s'g} sfd
gug{ s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] g]kfndf k|hftGq k'g:yflkt
ug]{af/] 5nkmn ug{ cfufdL km]j|'j/L @$ tfl/vdf Pp6f /fli6«o e]nf ;d]t cfof]hgf
u/]sf 5g\ . ef/tsf ljleGg a'l4hLjL, n]vs tyf /fhg}lts sdL{x?n] klg pQm sbdsf]
3f]/ eT;gf{ ub}{ g]kfnnfO{ ;}Go ;xof]u aGb ug'{kg]{ /fo JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . ef/tsf
;a}h;f] ;~rf/dfWodn] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] pQm lg/+s'z sbdsf] lj/f]wdf ;dfrf/,
ljZn]if0f, ;DkfbsLo dfkm{t lj/f]w hgfp“b} g]kfnnfO{ lbOb} cfPsf] ;}Go ;xof]u
lgnDag ug'{kg]{ ;'emfj ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf 5g\ .
;+++;f/el/sf
kqklqsfx?df / cGo ;+rf/dfWodx?df g]kfnaf/] ;dfrf/x? k|sfzg / k|zf/0f e}/x]sf 5g\
. clwsf+z ;+rf/dfWodn] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] sbdn] zflGt / :yfloTj gcfpg] atfp“b} ;+rf/sf
dfWodx? sf6]/, ;+s6sfn nufP/, ljleGg g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ y'g]/, k|];df
;]G;/;Lk nufP/ / g]kfnnfO{ ;+:ff/af6 sf6]/ ;Qf l6sfpg] k|of;sf] lvNnL p8fPsf 5g\
. g]kfnaf/] rf;f] /fVg] ljZjsf s]xL ljZn]ifsx?n] …/fhfÚn] cfkm\gf] ktg
lgDTofPsf] / pgn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ slxNo} lhTg g;Sg] atfp“b} g]kfn u0ftGqsf]
;+3f/df plePsf] ljZn]if0f u/]sf 5g\ .
;fDfGtL
kmf;Ljfbsf lj?4 cfufdL kmfu'g # / $ ut] g]kfn aGb;lxt ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff
sf7df8f}+ ÷ g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf cWoIF
ltns kl/of/n] cfh Ps jQmJo hf/L ub}{ 1fg]Gb| zfxåf/f ul/Psf] ;fdGtL kmfl;jfbsf
lj?4 cfufdL kmfu'g # / $ ut] g]kfn aGbsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L clvn
g]kfn dlxnf ;+ª3 -qmflGtsf/L_ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsL cWoIf hok"/L 3tL{n] Ps k|];
aStJo hf/L ub}{ 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] lg/+s'z 3f]if0ffsf lj?4 cfGbf]ngsf] cf“lwj]x/L
;[li6 ug{ cfx\jfg ug'{ePsf] 5 .
cfkm\gf] jQmJodf blnt cWoIf ltns kl/of/n] ljleGg /fhg}lts zlQmx?, k]zfut
;ª\3 ;+:yfx?, hgtflGqs ;ª\u7g tyf d'lQm df]rf{x?n] cfof]hgf ug]{ ;fdGtL lg/ª\s'tf
lj/f]wL, /fhtGq lj/f]wL ;a} k|sf/sf cfGbf]ngx?df k"0f{?kdf P]Soj4tf x'g]
hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . jxf“n] cfkm\gf] df]rf{åf/f 3f]lift ;ª\3if{sf sfo{qmdx?nfO{
x/ t/xn] ;xof]u / ;dy{g u/L ;kmn kfl/lbg cfd gful/s ;dfh, /fhg}lts zlQm, Joj;foL,
ljleGg ;ª\3 ;+:yf sd{rf/L, lzIfs, ljBfyL nufot cfd hg;d'bfodf xf]lb{s ckLn klg
ug'{ePsf] 5 .
To;}ul/
dlxnf g]t[ hok'/L 3tL{n] df3 !( ut]sf] 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] 3f]if0ff æcfºg} j+zsf] ;j{gfz ug]{ s'Voft gf/fo0flx6L
xTofsf08sf] lg/Gt/tf / hgtfsf] clwsf/nfO{ vl08t u/L cfkm"nfO{ l6sfO/fVg]
c;kmn k|of; dfqÆ ePsf] atfp“b} To;sf lj?4 ;ª\3if{sf] cf“wLa]x/L ;[li6 ug{
;a} tx / tKsfsf dlxnf lbbL alxgLx?nfO{ hf]8bf/ cfJxfg ug'{ePsf] 5 . jxf“n]
jQmJodf eGg'ePsf] 5– æhgtf g} Oltxf;sf ck/fho zlQm x'g\ / k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf
x/ if8\oGqx?nfO{ rsgfr'/ kfg{ ;Ifd 5g\ . of] P]ltxfl;s oyfy{tfnfO{ cfTd;ft ub}{
;a} Gofok|]dL / d'lQmsfdL ;ª\3–;ª\u7g, /fhg}lts kf6L{, dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;ª\3–;+:yf,
kqsf/ hut nufot ;a} tx / tKsfsf hg;d'bfonfO{ zfxL lg/ª\s'ztGqsf lj?4 ;zQm k|lt/f]w
ug{ xfd|f ;ª\u7g xflb{s ckLn ub{5 .Æ
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] cfqmd0fdf b'O{ bh{g zfxL ;]gfsf]
d[To", cfw'lgs xltof/ sAhf
sf7df8f}÷ oxL df3 @! ut]
lbp;f] hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfnsf of]4fx?n] g]kfnu+hsf] Jo:t jhf/df zfxL ;}lgs
cft+ssf/Lx?sf] Ps hTyfdfly sdf08f] cfqmd0f u/L rf/ ;}lgssf] ;kmfof ug'{sf ;fy}
rf/ yfg OG;f; /fOkmn / s]xL DoflUhg sAhf u/]sf 5g\ . ;f] 36gfdf hgd'lQm ;]gftkm{
! hgf ;fdfGo 3fOt] ePsf]df lghsf] pkrf/ eO;s]sf] vj/ 5 .
To;}u/L lxhf] df3 @% ut] ;Kt/Lsf]
l;;f}3f/Ldf ;z:q k|x/Lsf Ps hgf xjNbf/nfO{ ;kmfof ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L
df3 @! ut] lbp;f] :ofª\hfdf hgd'lQm ;]gfn] yfk]sf] zlQmzfnL dfOg ljikmf]6df kl/
& hgf zfxL ;]gfsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To" ePsf] 5 . ;f] ljikmf]6df kl/ ;]gfsf]
uf8L tyf xltof/x?;d]t klUnP/ sfd gnfUg] ePsf] xfd|f ;+jfbbftfn] k7fPsf] ;dfrf/df
hgfOPsf] 5 .
To:t}
oxL df3 @) ut]
j'6jnsf] rf}/fxrf]sdf /x]sf zfxL ;]gfdfly hgd'lQm ;]gfn] sdf08f] cfqmd0f u/L #
hgfsf] ;kmfof ug'{sf ;fy} # yfg xltof/ sAhf ul/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L oxL df3
@$ ut] gjnk/f;Lsf] rf]/df/fdf hgd'lQm ;]gfn] yfk]sf] Pda';df kl/ % hgf zfxL ;]gf
36gf:ynd} / ! hgf pkrf/sf] qmddf dfl/Psf 5g\ . ;f] eL8Gtdf zfxL ;]gfsf cfwf bh{g
xltof/ hgd'lQm ;]gfn] sAhf u/]sf] k|fKt ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . ;f] lbg
c?0fvf]nfdf klg Ps zfxL ;]gfsf] ;kmfof ul/Psf] ;dfrf/ 5 . o;}u/L u'NdLsf] lj/jf;df
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] cfqmd0fdf kl/ 7"nf] ;+Vofdf zfxL ;]gf xtfxt x'g k'u]sf] vj/
5 .
o;}jLr 1fg]Gb| zfxLsf] ;fdGtL
k|ltudgsf lj?4 b]z}e/ ljljw sfo{qmdx? eO/x]sf] vj/ 5 . dfcf]jfbL4f/f b]zsf
;Dk"0f{ lhNnfx?df ;]jf]6]h, ljikmf]6, dzfn h'n';, kmfol/ª, sf]0f;ef
nufotsf ljljw sfo{qmdx? eO/x]sf] ;dfrf/ hgfb]znfO{ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . oxL df3 @! ut]
;nf{xLsf] a/xyjfl:yt Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf] ejg k"0f{?kdf sAhf u/L b'O{tn]
ejg ljikmf]6 u/fP/ Wj:t kfl/Psf] 5 . To;}u/L hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] cfqmd0fkZrft\ k|x/L
efu]sfn] vfnL /x]sf] xl/jg k|x/L sfof{no klg df3 @! ut] Wj:t kfl/Psf] hgfOPsf] 5
. o;}u/L dxf]Q/Lsf] uf]kfnk'/ Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no klg df3 @) ut] g} Wj:t jgfOPsf]
5 . To:t} pbok'/sf] l;d]G6 sf/vfgf klg ;]jf]6]h ul/Psf] 5 .